Pathological gambling: o se vaisu amio (2016)

. 2016 Oketopa; 15 (3): 297-298.

Lomia i luga o le initaneti 2016 Sep 22. Tui:  10.1002 / wps.20373

PMCID: PMC5032511

Pathological gambling, lea e taʻua foi o le faaletonu o taaloga faitupe, ua avea ma vaisu muamua e le o ni meaʻai i le DSM-5. I totonu o lenei faʻavasegaga, o le tele o faʻafitauli i le DSM-IV vaega eseese o Faʻafitauli Faʻatonu e le o se isi mea na faʻavasegaina na toe faʻavasegaina e faʻavae i luga o faʻamaumauga na aoina i le taimi o le DSM-IV. Ae ui i lea, o le faʻavasegaina o le DSM-5 na mafua ai feeseeseaiga, ma o nisi o manatu faʻale-aʻoaʻoga e fiafia i le tuʻuina o taaloga faʻapitoa i le mataupu o faʻalavelave faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi (vaai, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, Grant et al.1 i lenei tusi talaaga).

O iinei matou te tuʻuina atu ai se aotelega o finauga e lagolagoina ai le faʻavasegaina o taaloga faitupe faʻapitoa e avea o se faʻalavelave faʻalavelave (o le "pro" finauga) ma faʻatalanoa na finauga na laga e uo e fiafia i se isi nosology (le "con" finauga). I le itu "pro" e mafai ona faʻamaonia le tele o mea e masani ai i le va o taaloga faitupe faʻamaʻi ma le faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau. Faatasi ai ma nei mea masani o latou neurobiological underpinnings tutusa o galuega faiʻai ma uiga mafaufau2. E aofia ai mea tutusa i vaega o le faʻaogaina o taui i le va o le pathological gambling ma le faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau e ese mai le faʻalavelave faʻalavelave. E ui o nei faʻafitauli mulimuli e iai ni faʻamanuiaga mo le tagata1, o lenei taui e faʻavae i luga o le faʻamalosia le lelei: e maua e tagata se lagona o le toomaga pe a uma le gaioiga. I se eseesega tele, o vaisu e mafua mai i mea'ai ma taaloga faitupe e ofoina atu le faʻamalosia lelei, a itiiti mai i le amataga o le faʻamaʻi.2, pe a lipotia e tagata se "kiki" poʻo se tulaga o le "tafe". Na'o vaega mulimuli ane, o foliga fa'amalosi ma le fa'amalosia le lelei e fa'atosina. E le gata i lea, o le faateleina o le salience o faʻaosofia e fesoʻotaʻi ma faʻafitauli faʻafitauli o se vaega tutotonu faʻasoa e pathological taaloga faitupe ma vailaʻau faʻafitauli faʻaletonu. I tulaga uma e lua, o le faʻamoemoe o le taui e le aoga e tusa lava po o le a le ituaiga taui. O faʻamaoniga e faʻaalia ai o tagata taʻitoʻatasi o loʻo i ai taaloga faitupe poʻo le faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau e faʻaalia ai se faʻasologa o taui e le tali atu. O nei taunuʻuga e lagolagoina ai le manatu o le faʻaleagaina o le dopaminergic e aofia ai se uiga masani o vaisu e fesoʻotaʻi ma amioga, e ui lava e manaʻomia nisi suʻesuʻega.2.

E le gata i lea, o taaloga faitupe ma le fa'aogaina o vaila'au e tutusa uiga fa'amaonia, ma e maualuga le aofa'i o fa'ama'i2. O lo'o iai fa'alavalava i togafitiga fa'afoma'i ma amioga. E iai fa'afitauli fa'aa'ai fa'atasi i le va o taaloga fai tupe ma fa'afitauli o le fa'aaogaina o vaila'au3, ma se fa'atasiga o taaloga faitupe fa'ama'i ma le fa'aaogaina o vaila'au fa'aletonu i aiga tulaga muamua o tagata ta'ito'atasi o lo'o maua i taaloga fai tupe pe a fa'atusatusa i aiga o le pulega ua matauina.4.

O finauga e faasaga i le faavasegaina o taaloga faitupe e pei o se faaletonu ua fai ma vaisu, e pei o se faataitaiga o loo otooto mai e Grant et al.1, e mafai ona faʻamaonia e aunoa ma le manaʻomia o le faʻavasegaina o taaloga faitupe pathological o se faʻalavelave faʻamalosi. O se tasi o finauga na tuʻuina atu e faapea e vave ona mafaufau i taaloga faitupe pathological o se vaisu ona o le mauaina o le fefaʻasoaaʻi faʻafitauli faʻafitauli i le va o le pathological gambling ma le atuatuvale tele. Matou te manatu o le i ai o nei mea faʻasoa e mafai ona faʻamatalaina i se isi itu, ona o faʻafitauli o le mafaufau o le lona lua lea e sili ona taatele faʻalavelave faʻalavelave i taaloga faitupe, pe a uma le faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau. E le gata i lea, o lo'o iai fo'i noataga fa'a gafa i le va o le fa'alagolago i vaila'au (fa'ata'ita'iga, nicotine5, cocaine6) ma le atuatuvale.

O le isi finauga ua tuuina atu1 e leai se aoga fa'apitoa ile falema'i mo le fa'avasegaina o taaloga fai tupe e fai ma vaisu ona o togafitiga e ese mai i fa'aogaina ile togafitiga ole fa'aogaina o vaila'au e ono aoga mo lea tulaga. O faʻataʻitaʻiga o loʻo faʻamatalaina o le lithium ma le faʻaalia o togafitiga. Ae ui i lea, o le lithium e mafai ona faʻaitiitia ai le tele o taaloga faitupe i mea uma e ono tupu ona o lona aoga i le togafitia o faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi pipisi nai lo taaloga faʻapitoa. taʻitasi 7. Matou te ioe e mafai ona fesoasoani togafitiga fa'aalia e fa'aitiitia ai mana'oga o taaloga faitupe ile pathological gambling. Ae ui i lea, o lenei auala togafitiga ua faʻaaogaina lelei foi i faʻafitauli o le faʻaaogaina o vailaʻau ma e aoga i le faʻaitiitia o faʻamalosi e fesoʻotaʻi ma vailaʻau.8.

Ma le mea mulimuli, pe a mafaufau i le puipuiga, fa'avasegaina o taaloga faitupe pathological e mafai ona i ai se aafiaga taua. E ui o le amataga ma le faagasologa o vaisu e mafai ona matua aafia i faiga puipuia9, e leʻi faʻaalia lenei mea mo faʻalavelave faʻalavelave faʻamalosi.

I le aotelega, o finauga na tuuina atu e Grant ma al1 e le lava e faʻafetaui ai le faʻavasegaina o taaloga faitupe faʻapitoa e avea o se maʻi faʻamaʻi i le DSM-5 ma faʻamaonia ai se faʻavasegaga eseʻese i le lumanaʻi ICD-11. Nai lo o lea, e moni le faafeagai. O taaloga faitupe fa'aleaganu'u e mafai ona sili ona malamalama i ai o se vaisu "amio", lea e le o fai ma vaisu le tagata i se vaila'au tauia ae o se amio e tauia ai o ia.

Karl Mann1, Mira Fauth‐Bühler1, Susumu Higuchi2, Marc N. Potenza3, John B. Saunders4 1Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Siamani; 2National Hospital Organization Kurihama Medical and Addiction Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Iapani; 3Matagaluega o Psychiatry, Neurobiology and Child Study Center ma CASAColumbia, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, ISA; 4Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, Iunivesite o Kuiniselani, Brisbane, Ausetalia; A'oa'iga o Fa'afomai Fa'afomai ma Vaisu, Faculty of Medicine, Iunivesite o Sini, Sidney, Ausetalia

K. Mann ma JB Saunders o sui o le ICD-11 Working Group on Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders. O manatu o lo'o fa'aalia i lenei tusi e le'o fa'atusaina ai manatu o lea Vaega Galulue. K. Mann ma M. Fauth‐Bühler sa tutusa tutusa i lenei vaega.

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