ʻDlelo ʻĀlelo ʻ Julylelo (Iulai 25, 2012) - Ke hoʻonui nei i nā pae o ka neurotransmitter dopamine ma mua o ka cortex mua o ka lolo i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui i ka impulsivity i nā pākeke olakino, ma kahi noiʻi i hana ʻia e nā mea noiʻi ma ka Haukapila Ernest Gallo a me ka Center Research ma ke Kulanui o Kaleponi, San Francisco.
"ʻO ka impulsivity kahi mea pilikia no ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā mea he nui, a ua ʻōlelo ʻia he poʻe impulsive ka poʻe me nā pae dopamine haʻahaʻa i mua o ka cortex o mua," i ʻōlelo ʻia e kahi mea kākau alakaʻi ʻo Andrew Kayser, PhD, kahi mea noiʻi ma Gallo a me kahi mea kōkua kōkua. o neurology ma UCSF. "Ua makemake mākou e ʻike inā hiki iā mākou ke hōʻemi i ka impulsivity ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka dopamine, a me he mea lā hiki iā mākou."
Ua paʻi ʻia ka aʻo ʻana ma Iulai 4 i ka Journal of Neuroscience.
I loko o kahi noiʻi makapō makapō, kahi hoʻomalu ʻia i kahi placebo, ua hāʻawi ʻia he 23 mau mea noiʻi noiʻi i tol tolone, kahi lāʻau i ʻae ʻia e ka Food and Drug Administration (FDA) e kāpae ai i kahi enzyme hoʻohaʻahaʻa dopamine, a i ʻole kahi placebo. A laila hāʻawi nā mea noiʻi i ka poʻe komo i kahi hana e ana i ka impulsivity, e noi ana iā lākou e hana i kahi koho hypothhetical ma waena o ka loaʻa koke ʻana o kahi kālā liʻiliʻi ("ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi") a i ʻole ka nui nui i ka manawa hope ("nui ma hope"). Ua hoʻāʻo ʻelua mau mea komo i hoʻokahi manawa, hoʻokahi me tolcapone a hoʻokahi me ka placebo.
ʻO nā mea komo - ʻoi aku paha ka poʻe i ʻoi aku ka impulsive ma ka laina palena - koho lākou i ke koho "nui ma hope" i emi iho ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i tolcapone ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka placebo.
Hana ʻia ka hoʻonaninani resonance hoʻohālikelike i ke kau ʻana o nā hōʻike e hōʻoia i nā loiloi o mua o ka cortex mua i pili me ka hoʻoholo ʻana.
"I ko mākou ʻike, ʻo kēia ka noiʻi mua e hoʻohana i tolcapone e nānā i kahi hopena i ka impulsivity," wahi a Kayser.
ʻAʻole i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka haʻawina e noiʻi i nā kumu i hōʻemi ʻia ai ka dopamine me ka impulsivity. Eia naʻe, wehewehe Kayser, ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema ʻo ka impulsivity e pili ana me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i ka dopamine ma waena o ka cortex frontal, e kāhea ana i nā hana o ka mana e like me ka mālama cognitive a me ka hoʻokāwī iho, a me ka striatum, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia i ka pili ʻana i ka hoʻolālā a hoʻololi ʻia. nā ʻanoʻano hou aʻe.
"ʻO ka hapa nui, inā ʻaʻole nā lāʻau āpau o ka hoʻomāinoino, e like me ka cocaine a me ka amphetamine, pili pololei a ʻole paha i ka ʻōnaehana dopamine, "wahi a Kayser. "Hoʻonui lākou e hoʻonui i ka dopamine i ka striatum, kahi e uku ai i ka lawehala impulsive. I kahi ʻano maʻalahi loa, e ʻōlelo ana ka striatum 'hele,' a ke ʻōlelo nei ka frontal cortex 'kū.' Inā ʻoe e lawe i ka cocaine, ke hoʻonui nei ʻoe i ka hōʻailona 'go', a ʻaʻole lawa ka hōʻailona 'stop' e pale aku ai iā ia. ”
Hoʻolālā ʻo Kayser a me kāna hui noiʻi i kahi noiʻi ukali o nā hopena o tolcapone i ka lawena inu. "Ke hoʻoholo mākou inā hiki i nā mea inu ke hoʻomanawanui i kēia lāʻau, ʻike mākou inā he hopena paha ia i ka nui o kā lākou inu ʻana i ka wā e lawe ana lākou," wahi a Kayser.
Ua ʻae ʻia ʻo Tolcapone ma ke ʻano he lāʻau no ka maʻi o Parkinson, kahi i loaʻa ai ka deficit mau o ka dopamine i ka neʻe.
ʻO nā mea kākau ʻōlelo i ka pepa, ʻo Daicia C. Allen, BS, Ana Navarro-Cebrian, PhD, Jennifer M. Mitchell, PhD a me ka mea kākau kahiko ʻo Howard L. Fields, MD, PhD, o ke Gallo Center a me UCSF.
Ua kākoʻo ʻia ke aʻo ʻana e nā kālā mai ka Wheeler Center no ka Neurobiology of Addiction, ka pūʻali koa US Telemedicine a me Advanced Technology Research Center, ka Alcoholic Beverage Medical Research Foundation / The Foundation for Alcohol Research a me ka mokuʻāina o Kaleponi.
Ka Palapala Moʻolelo:
Andrew S. Kayser, Daicia C. Allen, Ana Navarro-Cebrian, Jennifer M. Mitchell, a me Howard L. Fields. Ka Hoʻopau o Dopamine, ʻo Corticostriatal hono, a me ke koho Intertemporal. Ka Nūpepa o Neuroscience, 4 Iulai 2012, 32 (27): 9402-9409 DOI: 10.1523 / JNEUROSCI.1180-12.2012
KA LAWO
ʻO ka Dopamine, ka pilina corticostriatal, a me ke koho intertemporal.
J Neurosci. 2012 Jul 4; 32 (27): 9402-9.
Kayser AS, Allen DC, Navarro-Cebrian A, Mitchell JM, Fields HL.
kahi
Ke Keʻena Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Kalepona 94143, Hanaʻeha ʻo Ernest Gallo a me ka Center Research, Emeryville, Kaleponi 94608, a me ke Keʻena Neurology, Veterans Affairs Northern California Health Care System, Martinez, Kalepona 94553.
Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo
Hoʻoholo ka hoʻoholo i nā waiwai i ka hopena o ka hopena. No ka mea ua hōʻole ʻia nā uku, hiki i ke koina ke koho i nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, hiki i ka uku koke ke alakaʻi i ka koho suboptimal. ʻO ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka uku no ka uku lohi (impulsivity) e hōʻike i nā kumuhana me ka pale mua o ka lobe a me nā pilikia hoʻi e pili ana i ka hana hōʻino. Kūlike, nā haʻawina holoholona a me nā hōʻike kūlohelohe i nā kānaka e hōʻike ana i ka dopamine haʻahaʻa i ka cortex mua e hāʻawi i ka uku hōʻemi ma o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hana corticostriatal. No ka hoʻāʻo wale i kēia hypothesis, ua hana mākou i kahi randomized, double-blind, counterbalanced, placebo-control study in mākou i hana ai i ka lolo penetrant catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor tolcapone a placebo i nā kumuhana olakino e hoʻokō nei i kahi hana hōʻemi. Hoʻonui nui ʻia ʻo Tolcapone i nā koho kālā i hoʻopiʻi ʻia, a me kēia hoʻonui ʻana i ka tolcapone-covaried i hoʻonui ʻia me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hana BOLD i loko o ka betalope makeamen a me nā insula anterior. Ua hoʻololi hou ʻo Tolcapone i ka pilina corticostriatal: i ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka pilina ma waena o ka putuna ventral a me ka cortex pregenual cingulate. Hōʻike kēia mau hopena i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pae copical dopamine e hoʻopili ai i ka koho impulsive ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hana corticostriatal.
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