ʻO ke komoʻana o ka pāhana hana hoʻohui i ka'ōpiopio i ka'ōpiopio me ka maʻi pūnaewele pūnaewele (2014)

• ¹Ke Kulanui o Melbourne Neuropsychiatry, Keʻena o Psychiatry, Ke Kulanui o Melbourne a me Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Māhele o ka Psychiatry keiki a me nā ʻōpio, ke Keʻena o Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
• ²Ke Kulanui o Melbourne Neuropsychiatry, Keʻena o Psychiatry, Ke Kulanui o Melbourne a me Melbourne Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
• ³Ke Keʻena ʻOihana Hoʻohālikua a me nā ʻIno ʻImi ʻOihana, Kolamu o Kāleka Kūloa, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
• ⁴Ke Kino Lapaʻau Seoul-Top Kila, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
• ⁵Interdisciplinary Program (Kōkua Maikaʻi moʻoolelo keiki), Kolona Hoʻonaʻauao, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
• ⁶Keʻena ʻOihana Hoʻonaʻauao (Hoʻonaʻauao Hoʻonaʻauao Hoʻonaʻauao), Kolepa Hoʻonaʻauao, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
• ⁷Māhele o ka Psychiatry keiki a me nā ʻōpio, ke Keʻena o Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
• ⁸Ke Keʻena ʻOihana Hoʻohālikua a me nā ʻIno ʻImi ʻOihana, Kolamu o Kāleka Kūloa, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Pūnaewele uila: [pale ʻia ka leka uila].

Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pōkole cortico-striatal i loko o ke ala o nā pilikia pili i ke kauʻana. Ua noi mākou i kahi loina e pili ana i ka loiloi e pili ana i ka hana hoʻōla o ka ʻāina hoʻomaha i ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana i nā kahe o ka hoʻohui striatal lawelawe i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ka papa pāʻani ʻoihana pūnaewele. Ma waena o nā ʻumikūmālua kāne ʻelua ʻōpio hakakā i ka pāʻani pāʻani pūnaewele a ʻo 11 ʻoluʻolu a me nā mana kūpono i ke kāne, a ua ʻike mākou i nāʻokoʻa o ka hui o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā moʻomeheu dorsal a me ka hoʻokaʻawale o ka caudate inti a me nā putamen, a me ka hui pū ʻana o kēia mau mea. hoʻohui konupili me nā ʻano hana e pili ana i ka hoʻohana pūnaewele. ʻO ka poʻe'ōpiopio me ka maʻi pūnaewele pāʻani e hōʻike i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui i ka pilina dorsal putamen i hoʻopili ʻia me ka posterculula insula-parietal. ʻOi aku ka manawa o ka pāʻani ʻana i nā pāʻani pūnaewele i wānana nui loa i ka hoʻohui ʻana ma waena o nā putamen dorsal a me ka bilateral primatosensory cortice i ka poʻe ʻōpio me ka punaewele pāʻani, a ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui loa i ka pilina ma waena o nā putamen dorsal a me nā cortices bilateral sensorimotor i loko o nā hanana palekana. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻohui pūnaewele dorsal putamen kūikawā a ʻokoʻa maoli i nā ʻōpio a me nā pilikia ʻoi pūnaewele. Hōʻike nā mea i loaʻa i ka biomarker hiki ke hoʻomehana honua.