J Addict kahu. 2020 Jan / Mar; 31 (1): 30-38. doi: 10.1097 / JAN.0000000000000322.
ʻO Karayağiz Muslu G1, ʻO Aygun O.
Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo
KEKAHI:
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pāʻani kamepiula i nā ʻenehana hou o kēia au i kēia ao i ʻike ʻia. He nani lākou i nā makahiki āpau, akā he mea kupaianaha ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pāʻani kamepiula i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio. Hoʻoholo kēia noi ʻana e hoʻoholo i ka ʻaʻa kamepiula kamepiula i nā keiki kula mua a me nā mea e hoʻopili ai.
KANAKA:
ʻO 476 mau haumāna ma waena o 952 mau haumāna i kākau inoa ʻia i ʻekolu mau kula kiʻekiʻe ma Fethiye, Muğla. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka ʻikepili mai nā haumāna e hoʻohana ana i ka "Pepa ʻIke ʻIke Kamaliʻi" a me ka "Pālākiō Pāʻani Pāʻani Pāʻaniʻi no nā Keiki." Ua kālailai ʻia nā ʻikepili me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā helu, nā pākēneka, nā laʻana kūʻokoʻa, ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi o ka ʻokoʻa, a me ka hoʻokalakupua regression.
Nā hopena:
Ua ʻike ʻia kēia noiʻi aia he ʻikepili helu nui ma waena o ke kāne, ka papa, ka pae o ka loaʻa kālā, ka pae aʻo a nā makuahine, ke kū ʻana o kahi console pāʻani / kamepiula ma ka home, a me nā helu pālākiō pāʻani pākī kamepiula (p <.05). Ua ʻike ʻia nō hoʻi nā haumāna e hoʻolōʻihi ana i ka manawa ma ka Pūnaewele a me ka pāʻani ʻana i nā pāʻani kamepiula ʻo ia ka hui i makaʻu nui ʻia no ka ʻaʻa pāʻani kamepiula (p <.05).
Ka Hopena:
Hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia kekahi mau wawao e hoʻoemi i ka hoʻoilo ʻana o ka pāʻani kamepiula i nā haumāna kāne, nā keiki a me nā ʻohana me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kula hoʻonaʻauao, a me nā haumāna e loaʻa nā kamepiula a me nā ʻoliʻoli pāʻani i ka home me ka lōʻihi o ka pāʻani ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pūnaewele me ka launa pū ʻana o nā kula, ke kula. kahu, kumu, a me na makua.
PMID: 32132422
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