Nā Manaʻo: Kākau ʻia ma 2008, ma mua o kekahi mau noiʻi i hōʻoia i ka loli o ka lolo i ka Pūnaewele / pāʻani pāʻani i nā loli like i ʻike ʻia i ka lolo o nā mea hōʻāpau lāʻau.
Lunahooponopono | Poakū 01, 2008
Nā pilikia no ka DSM-V: Hoʻohui pūnaewele
Jerald J. Block
Am J Psychiatry 2008; 165: 306-307. doi: 10.1176 / appi.ajp.2007.07101556
Ma ke kīwī he ʻike ʻia he hana maʻamau ka mea e pono ai ke komo ʻana ma DSM-V. ʻO ka manaʻo noʻonoʻo, ʻo ka maʻi ka maʻi he compulsive-impulsive spectric disorder e pili ana i ka pūnaewele a / a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka kamepiula kamepiula (1, 2) a he ʻekolu o nā subtypes: ke pāʻani nui ʻana, ka hana moe kolohe, a me nā leka uila / 3). Hoʻolaha nā ʻanoʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe i ʻehā mau māhele e like ai: 1) ka hoʻohana nui ʻana, e pili pinepine ana i ka nalowale ʻana o ka manaʻo i ka manawa a i ʻole waiho ʻole i nā papa kumu, hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka 2), me ka manaʻo o ka huhū, ka ʻāʻī ʻana, a / a i ʻole ke kaumaha i ka wā o ka kamepiula. ka hiki ʻole ʻana, 3) ke hoʻomanawanui, me ka pono o nā lako kamepiula maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka polokalamu, a i ʻole nā manawa i hoʻohana ʻia, a me 4) mau kīnā hewa, e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa, wahaheʻe, hoʻokō maikaʻi ʻole, kaʻawale ʻana o ka nohona, a me ka momona (3, 4).
ʻO kekahi o nā noiʻi hoihoi maikaʻi loa i ka pili ʻana i ka Pūnaewele i paʻi ʻia ma South Korea. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka make ʻo 10 cardiopulmonary i loko o ka pūnaewele Pūnaewele (5) a me kahi pepehi kanaka e pili ana i ka pāʻani (6), ke manaʻo nei ʻo South Korea i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka Pūnaewele ʻo kekahi o kāna mau pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi (7). Ke hoʻohana nei i ka ʻikepili mai 2006, ke manaʻo nei ke aupuni o South Korea e like me ka 210,000 South Korea keiki (2.1%; nā makahiki 6-19) e ʻeha a koi aku i ka mālama ʻana (5). Ma kahi o 80% o kēlā mau mea e pono ai ka lāʻau e pono ai ka lāʻau psychotropic, a hiki paha 20% a 24% e koi i ka hoʻokipa (7).
Mai ka hoʻāliʻi ʻana o ka haumāna kula kula kiʻekiʻe ma South Korea e pili ana i nā hola 23 i kēlā me kēia pule (8), e manaʻoʻiʻo kekahi 1.2 miliona e lilo ana i ka pilikia no ka mea pili i ke koi a koi aku i nā ʻōlelo aʻo. Ma keʻano like, hopohopo nā poʻe lapaʻau i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka nui o nā mea e kū ana mai ke kula a hana paha e hoʻolilo manawa i nā kamepiula (5). I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iune 2007, ua aʻo ʻo South Korea i nā mea kōkua o 1,043 i ka mālamaʻana i ka hoʻohui i ka pūnaewele a kākau ʻia ma luna o nā haukapila 190 a me nā keʻena mālama (7). Ke kau ʻia nei nā hana kūpono i loko o nā kula (9).
Ua hopohopo nui hoʻi ʻo Kina e pili i ka maʻiʻino. I ka hālāwai kūkākūkā i kēia manawa, ua hōʻike ʻo Tao Ran, Ph.D., Luna Hoʻomaopopo o ka Hoʻomaka ʻo Beijing ma Military Region Central Hospital, ua hōʻike ʻo 13.7% o nā mea hoʻohana pūnaewele ʻōpio Kina e hui me nā ʻōlelo hoʻokūkū pili pūnaewele-e pili ana iā 10 miliona mau makahiki opio. A ʻo ka hopena, ua hoʻomaka ʻo 2007 i hoʻopaʻa ʻole i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pāʻani o ka kamepiula; Ua hūnā nā kānāwai i kēia manawa i mua o nā hola 3 o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā (10).
MaʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, nā koho loiloi o ka prevalence o ka maʻi i nele i ʻole (11, 12). ʻAʻole i like me ʻAsia, kahi i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai nā cafe pūnaewele, i nā pāʻani a me nā pāʻani wahine ʻAmelika mai ka home. Ke hoʻāʻo nei e ana i ke ʻano o ka hanana e ka hilahila, hōʻole, a me ka hōʻemi ʻana (3). E ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka pilikia ma ka comorbidity. E pili ana i 86% o nā hihia pili i ka Pūnaewele ua loaʻa kekahi mau maʻi maʻi DSM-IV i kēia manawa. I loko o hoʻokahi noiʻi, ʻo ka maʻi maʻi maʻamau ua loaʻa iā 1.5 nā maʻi ʻē aʻe (7). MaʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā mea maʻi no ka kūlana comorbid wale nō. No laila, ke ʻole ʻimi pono nei ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻohui ʻana ma ka pūnaewele, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia (3). Aia ma Asia, akā ua aʻo ʻia nā mea lapaʻau e pale no ia.
ʻOiai ʻo nā ʻokoʻa moʻomeheu, like a me kā mākou wehewehe wehewehe i ka mea like me kā mākou mau mea hana ma Asia (8, 13-15), a ʻike mākou e pili ana i ka pilikia pili. Eia nō naʻe, kūpaʻa ka addiction pūnaewele i ka mālama ʻana, e hoʻopiʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi (16), a he piʻi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, hana ia i nā maʻi comorbid e emi iki ka hōʻemi i ka therapy (3).
E hoʻomaopopo '
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4.
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11.
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Lee HC: He hana hoʻohālikelike o ka hana hoʻohui ʻāʻulu pūnaewele: cognitive a me ke ʻano, i loko o 2007 International Symposium ma ka ʻ thelelo Hoʻohālikelike a me ka Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka Hoʻomaʻa Pūnaewele ʻApiopio. Seoul, Korea, Commission National Youth, 2007, p 138
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15.
Ko CH: ʻO ka hihia o ka pāʻani pāʻani pūnaewele me ka ʻole o nā maʻi psychiatric e pili ana i ka maʻi, ma 2007 International Symposium e pili ana i ka ʻinglelo aʻoaʻo a me ka mālama ʻana i nā Hoʻomaʻina ʻApiopio ʻAmelika, Seoul, Korea, Komisina ʻ Youthlelo ʻIpiopio, 2007, p 401
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Palapala leka uila a kākau hou i nā noi iā Dr. Block, 1314 Northwest Irving St., Suite 508, Portland, a me 97209; [pale ʻia ka leka uila] (leka uila). Ua ʻae ʻia ka Lunahooponopono no ka hoʻopuka Nupepa 2007 (doi: 10.1176 / appi.ajp.2007.07101556).
Loaʻa iā Kauka Bloke i kahi patent i kaʻenehana i hiki ke hoʻohana pono e hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻike kamepiula. Ua nānā ʻo Kauka Freedman i kēia mea hoʻoponopono a ua loaʻa ʻole nā hōʻike no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana mai kēia pili.
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