Hoʻomaopopo i ka moekolohe, compulsivity, a me ka impulsivity ma waena o kahi wahine nui o ka poʻe pākeke e hoʻohana nei i ka pūnaewele no ka wahine (2020)

Introduction

Hōʻaia ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka moe kolohe ke ʻike ʻia nei kahi ʻano hana hoʻomāino hoʻokūkū (CSBD) e ka ʻano o ka moekolohe a me ka holo maikaʻi ʻole e pale i ka moekolohe. He wahi kului i loaʻa i ka hoʻoikaika, cognitive a me nā hopena hopena (Karila et al., 2014; Weinstein, Zolek, Babkin, Cohen, & Lejoyeux, 2015).

Nui nā hoʻohālikelike o ka hoʻohui male ʻana. Aloha (1992) ua wehewehe i ka heleʻana i ka moekolohe ʻoiai he hiki ʻole ke pale aku i ka moʻo ʻana o ka moekolohe. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi loa kekahi o ia mau mea e like me kēlā mau hanana: ka hana maʻamau me ka hana pilikino i makemake ʻia i nā hana ʻē aʻe, ka hoʻomaha ʻole inā hiki ʻole ke hana i ka hana moekolohe a me ke kūpaʻa i kēia hana. Pono kēia mau hōʻailona no ka malama a hōʻoia paha iā lākou iho ma hope o ka lōʻihi (Zapf, Greiner, & Carroll, 2008). ʻO Mick lāua ʻo Hollander (2006) ua wehewehe i ka moekolohe ʻoiai i ka moekolohe ʻoiai he ʻano hana paʻa i ka hana kolohe Kafka (2010) ua wehewehe ka moekolohe male wahine i ka moeʻuhane a ʻo ka wahine ka moʻo ʻana ma mua o ka nui o ka ʻokoʻa e hōʻike ʻia i ka hopena ʻole e hoʻōki i ke ʻano moeʻuhane ʻoiai ʻo nā hopena weliweli a me ka hana. I ka ʻike ʻana i kekahi mau wehewehe ʻana o ka male ʻana i ka moʻo ʻana ʻo kekahi o nā pōpilikia ke hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka moekolohe. He pilikia nā huaʻōlelo hypersexuality no ka mea ʻaʻole i manaʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe maʻi ua ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou hana a i ʻole koi aku ai ma mua o ka nui. ʻO ka lua, he kuhi hewa ʻia ka ʻōlelo no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke ʻano he moemoeā a hōʻeuʻeu ʻole a ʻaʻole ia he makemake pilikino i ka moekolohe a hope loa, hiki i ke ʻano hana hoʻokalakupua ke hōʻike i nā ʻano like ʻole i kūpono ʻole i kēia wehewehe ʻana.Hall, 2011).

ʻO ka lima ʻelima o ka Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-IV) ua noʻonoʻo pono i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka maʻi pilikino i hana akā ua hōʻole ʻia iā ia (APA, 2013). I kēia manawa, he paio kūleʻa inā he hana hoʻoweliweli kaohi i ke ʻano he obs obsitive-compulsive a addiction.

E like me ka ICD-11 e ka Paikapu Ke Aloha Honua (2018) ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka moekolohe moekolohe e kahi ʻano hoʻomau o ka hana ʻole i ka kaohi ʻana i nā impulses moekolohe pinepine e hopena ai i ka moekolohe. No laila, ʻo nā ʻōuli o kēia maʻi pū me nā hana moekolohe repetitive e hoʻonāukiuki i ka noʻonoʻo nui a hōʻeha loa i ke olakino a me ke olakino olakino o kēlā me kēia me ka hana kūleʻa ʻole e hōʻemi i kēlā impulses a me nā lawena.

Hoʻopilikia ka mea pili i ke kahe kanaka no ka mea he nui i nā hoaaloha a ʻae i ke aloha, nā ʻohana a me ka hauʻoli o ke ola (Zapf, Greiner, & Carroll, 2008). ʻO ka poʻe pilikino me ka puʻupuʻu hoʻopilapiha manuahi (CSBD) e hoʻohana i kahi ʻano ʻano moeʻuhane kūwaho me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā kiʻi porno, nā kamaʻilio kūkākūkā a me nā cybersex ma ka Pūnaewele (ʻO Rosenberg, Carnes & O'Connor, 2014; Weinstein, et al., 2015). He ʻano kikowaena CSBD me ka hoʻomau, cognitive a me nā ʻanoʻuhane.Fattore, Melis, Fadda, & Fratta, 2014). Ke koi nei ka hana pono i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kaanalima, ʻoi loa ka ʻike o ka hālāwai kolohe, ka ʻāwili ʻana puʻuwai, hoʻohana maʻamau i ka nānā ʻana i nā kiʻi. ʻO ka pūnaehana noʻonoʻo-ka naʻau e pili i nā manaʻo noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka moekolohe, nā hewa hewa, pono e pale i nā manaʻo leʻaleʻa, ka noho wale ʻana, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻana, ka hilahila a me ka huna ʻole e pili ana i ka hana moekolohe, nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻomau i ka hana moekolohe, makemake nui no ka moe kuhi hewa, a me ka nele o ka. kāohi ma luna o kekahi mau ʻano o ke ola (Weinstein, et al., 2015).

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o CSBD a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau pilikia e kaʻana like i nā hana etiological, e like me nā neurobiological a me nā pona ʻona kūwili (e like me nā ʻano, ʻano ʻona, nā kūpaʻa cognitive, a i ʻole bias) ()Goodman, 2008). Carnes, Murray, a me Charpentier (2005) ua hōʻike ʻo ka hapa nui o kahi hoʻohālike o ka 1,603 me CSBD i hōʻike i ka hala o nā ola ʻē aʻe o nā ʻano hana hoʻohālikelike a me nā hōʻino maikaʻi e like me ka hōʻino kino ʻana, ka palaka, a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai ʻole. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua o nā mea pīpī pili i ka 19.6% o kā lākou kiʻi hoʻohālike i ʻike i nā koina no ka hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa (CSB).Grant & Steinberg, 2005). ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i hoʻokō i nā kūlike no nā maʻi ʻelua ua hōʻike mai ka mua o CSBD i kā lākou mau pilikia pili pāʻani.

E like me CSBD e like me nā hana hoʻohui ʻē aʻe e hāʻule ma luna o ka kiko o ke ʻano he obsitive-compulsive a me ka hana hoʻomāhuā (Grant, Potenza, Weinstein, & Gorelick, 2010; Raymond ma. 2003) ua hōʻike i ka manaʻo o ke ʻano o ka hana hoʻokūkū (CSB) a ua manaʻo lākou ua like ia me ka OCD. ʻO Mick lāua ʻo Hollander (2006) ua hōʻike nui i ka mea nui o ka co-morbidity ma waena o CSBD a me OCD a ua hoʻolālā aku i ka mālama ʻana me Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) me ka cognitive-behavior no kēia maʻi. Aia hou he mau manaʻo e pili ana ka CSBD me ka hopohopo a me ke kaumaha (ʻO Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004; Klontz, Garos, & Klontz, 2005; Weiss, 2004). Ua noiʻi ʻia kahi noiʻi hou i nā kuleana o ka impulsivity a me ka compulsivity ma CSBD i kahi nui kaiāulu nui (ʻO Bőthe, Koós, Tóth-Király, Orosz, & Demetrovics 2019a, b). ʻIke lākou he pili ʻole ka impulsivity a me ka hoʻopili ʻana e pili ana i ka pilikia kiʻi kino i waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine, kēlā. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka impulsivity me ka hypersexuality ma mua o ka hana paʻakikī i waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine, kēlā. Ua paio nā mea kākau e pili ana i kā lākou hopena no ka impulsivity a me ka hoʻokauʻana ʻaʻole paha i hāʻawi i ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi i kiʻi ʻia i ka porn, akā hiki i ka lawehala ke kuleana nui i ka hypersexuality ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka porno pilikia. Ua ʻike hou ʻia kahi haʻawina hou a pākuʻi ʻia o ka CSBD i kahi nui nui o nā mea maʻi me OCD (ʻO Fuss, Briken, Stein, & Lochner, 2019). Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia haʻawina ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke ola o CSBD he 5.6% i nā mea maʻi me ka OCD o kēia manawa a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO CSBD ma OCD ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka comorbid me nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe, nānā-compulsive, a me nā pilikia impulse-control, akā ʻaʻole me ka maʻi maʻi ma muli o ka hoʻohana lāʻau a me nā mea hoʻohālike. Loaʻa kēia loaʻa ʻike i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana o CSBD ma kahi o ka mea hoʻokūkū compulsive-impulsive.

I ka ʻike ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana ma luna o ka papa helu CSBD he mea hōʻiliʻili pili maoli a i ʻole kahi hanana obsitive-compulsive ua lilo ia i mea nui e aʻo i ka comorbidity of CSBD me OCD, ʻeha a me ka hopohopo i loko o ka poʻe me CSBD ka mea e hoʻohana nei i ka punaewele kaulana o ka Pūnaewele e loaʻa ai. pili pilikino. ʻO ka mea hou nei, aia ke hoʻonui nei ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā noi pūnaewele ma ka pūnaewele kelepona i nā kelepona paʻa ʻana no ka moe kolohe, ʻo ia hoʻi he kahua no ka kiʻi ʻana i nā kāne moekolohe (Zlot, Goldstein, Cohen, & Weinstein, 2018). Ua hōʻike mākou ma kahi noiʻi mua i waena o ka poʻe e hoʻohana ana i nā noi pāʻani e kiʻi i nā hoa moe, i ka hopohopo ʻana ma mua o ka ʻimi ʻana a ʻimi ʻana paha i ka wahine he mea nui ia e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi pili pūnaewele no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoa moe (Zlot et al., 2018). Eia kekahi, ua noiʻi i ka impulsivity a me ka pilikia e pili ana i ka pūnaewele-kiʻi pūnaewele i ʻike ʻia i ke ʻano o ka lawena puʻuwai, ma waena o kēia heluna e loiloi ai i hiki iā CSBD ke manaʻo ʻia i kahi hui hoʻomohala.

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ke aʻo mua ʻana e nānā inā he compulsivity, kaumaha a me ke hopohopo nui (aupuni a i ʻole trait) e hāʻawi i ka ʻano o ka pae CSBD i waena o ka poʻe e hoʻohana i ka Pūnaewele no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoa pili. Koho ʻia ma nā noiʻi mua (ʻO Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004; Bőthe et al., 2019a, b; Mick & Hollander, 2006; Klontz, Garos, & Klontz, 2005; Weiss, 2004) ua hypothesized kēlā me ka hopohopo compulsivity a me ke kaumaha, e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia me nā ana o CSBD a ʻo ka nui o ka hopena. ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka lua aʻoi aku ʻo ia ke nānā aku inā he impulsivity, Hoʻopilikia ka pilikia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi i nā kiʻi e pili ana i ka ʻano o ka CSBD. Koho ʻia ma nā noiʻi mua (Bőthe et al., 2019a, b; Fattore, Melis, Fadda, & Fratta, 2014; ʻO Kraus, Martino, & Potenza 2016; ʻO Rosenberg, Carnes, & O'Connor, 2014; Weinstein et al., 2015) ua hypothesized ia ka impulsivity a me ka pilikia pilikia o ka hana pūnaewele pili pono e hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia me nā ana o CSBD a ʻo ka nui o ka hopena. ʻO ka mea hope loa, kahi hōʻike hypothesis i ʻimi ʻia e ʻO Stack, Wasserman, a me Kern (2004) ʻo ia ka poʻe me nā ikaika ikaika loa i ka ʻenehana hui maʻamau e ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka poʻe e hoʻohana i ka pilikia kūpono ma ka pūnaewele. No laila ua manaʻo ʻia he mea ʻoi aku ka pili o ka mea hoʻopili pūnaewele ma ka pilikia o ka hana a me ka moekolohe. No laila ua hypothesized e hōʻea i nā mea hoʻohana i ʻoi aku ʻoi aʻe ma mua o ka poʻe i mare i ka helu ʻana o nā hana pili i ka pilikia ma ka pūnaewele a me CSBD.

E aʻo i ka 1

Nā Papahana

Results

E aʻo i ka 2

Nā Papahana

Results

kūkākūkā

Aia ka ulu nui o ka noiʻi ma ka CSBD a me kona hiki ke komo i ka Diagnostic a Statistical 5th Manual (DSM-5) (AhahuiʻApelika Psychiatric Association, 2013) a i ka ICD 11 kahi i kau ʻia ai i kēia manawa he pilikia luhi.Kraus et al., 2018). No ka mea he koʻikoʻi ke kumuhana a pili pono i ka haukapila, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā noiʻi a hiki i ka hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi maʻi haukaʻi i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o ka DSM. Ke kākoʻo nei ke aʻo nei ma mua i nā ʻike mua o ka co-morbidity o CSBD me ka obsessive-compulsive, kaumaha, a me ke kaumaha (Klontz, Garos, & Klontz, 2005) ʻoiai ma kahi liʻiliʻi o ke maʻi me ka OCD ma kēia pūʻulu o nā maʻi (15% i loko Black, 2000; a i ʻO Shapira, Goldsmith, Keck, Khosla, & McElroy, 2000). Ke noi hou ʻana ma kahi cohort nui o nā mea maʻi me OCD (Fuss et al., 2019) ke hōʻike nei i kahi pālahalaha nui o CSBD i nā mea maʻi me ka OCD o nā manawa a me ka comorbidity me kekahiʻano ʻē aʻe, obsessive-compulsive, and impulse-control disorder.

E like me CSBD e like me nā hana hoʻohui ʻē aʻe e hāʻule ma luna o ka kiko o ke ʻano he obsitive-compulsive a me ka hana hoʻomāhuā (Grant a me., 2010). I ka nui o ka lehulehu ma ka hanana nui o ka maʻi obsitive-compulsive (OCD) ma waena o 1 a 3% (Leckman et al., 2010). Hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia nā maʻi OCD me ka hana hoʻomanawanui.Klontz et al., 2005). Raymond ma. (2003) ʻo lākou ka mea mua i hōʻike i ke kumumanaʻo i ka hana pilikino manuahi (CSB) i ka mea fenomenologically e like me OCD. Hōʻike ʻia ka CSB e ka hana pinepine a me ka wahine, a me nā hana a me nā kāne e alakaʻi i nā hana koʻikoʻi. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā manaʻo i loko o ka manaʻo a ua pili pinepine lākou i ka luhi a i ʻole ka hopohopo, no laila ke koi ʻana i ka moekolohe. ʻO Mick lāua ʻo Hollander (2006) ua hōʻike nui i ka mea nui o ka co-morbidity ma waena o CSB a me OCD a ua hoʻolālā lākou i ka mālama ʻana me Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) me ka mālama ʻana o ka cognitive-conduct no kēia maʻiʻino. Ua hōʻino ka DSM-IV i kēia ala mai ka mea nāna e launa ka hana i ka moekolohe ʻana e loaʻa pinepine ka leʻaleʻa ma kēia ʻano a e hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e pale aku i kēlā ʻano hana inā he ʻino wale nō kēlā ʻano (American Psychiatric Association, 2000, p. 422). ʻOiai nā mea maʻi me OCD manaʻo i loko o ka manaʻo noʻonoʻo me ka ʻike pilikino e aʻo pinepine ʻia e ka manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole me ka moekolohe. No laila ke manaʻo nei mākou e ʻike kēia mau mea maʻi i ka makemake o ka moekolohe i kēia manawa.

Aia hou he mau manaʻo e pili ana ka CSBD me ka hopohopo a me ke kaumaha (Klontz, Garos, & Klontz, 2005). Ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi ma waena o nā kāne me CSBD ka nui o ka 28% ʻoiai ma ka heluna lehulehu ua 12% (Weiss, 2004). Aia hou he mau manaʻo e makemake nui ana ka poʻe me CSBD i ka moe a i ke kaumaha a i ʻole ka hopohopo (ʻO Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004). ʻO ka hapanui o nā kāne a me nā heterosexual ka mea i hōʻike i ka emi ʻana o ke kaomi holo kino i ka wā o kaʻeha a i ʻole ka hopohopo akā he hapa ma waena (ma waena o 15 a 25%) e hōʻike nei i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka moekolohe, ʻoi aku ka hopohopo ma mua o ke kaumaha. ʻO ke ala o ke kaomi maluhia i ka wā o ke kaumaha he hopena ia mea he pono no kahi hoʻopā pilikino a mahalo paha paha e kekahi. ʻO ka poʻe i ʻike i ka emi ʻana o ka makemake i ka wahine i ka wā kaumaha e hana i kēlā no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana iā ʻoe iho.ʻO Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004). Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi ʻē aʻe ma waena o ka poʻe me CSBD 42–46% e pilikia ana i ka hopohopo a me 33-80% mai ka maʻi ʻeha (Mick & Hollander, 2006). Hoʻokahi hui o nā mea maʻi i mālama ʻia no CSBD ma kahi hui kulana i hōʻike i ka hōʻemi o ka naʻau noʻonoʻo, ke kaumaha, nā hōʻailona obsitive-compulsive, preoccupation with sex and sexual arousal, depression and depression and the modities were have at 6 months follow-up (Klontz, Garos, & Klontz, 2005).

Ma kēia noiʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi nui nā loiloi kaumaha i nā helu laʻana i ka male ʻana. ʻOiai i kekahi mau manawa, hoʻemi ka ʻōpū i ka moekolohe a i kekahi mau manawa ke hoʻonui ʻia ka ka moekolohe.ʻO Bancroft & Vukadinovic, 2004) ka pilina ma waena o ke kaumaha a me ke ʻano hana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā mea ʻē aʻe. No ka mea ua hāʻawi nui ka hopohopo i nā loiloi o ka male ʻana o ka moe kolohe, ua hiki ke hoʻololi i ka mea kaumaha ma waena o ka hopohopo a me CSBD.

ʻOiai kēia haʻawina he wahi kūʻokoʻa o ka wahine i ka poʻe me ka hapa nui o nā wahine, ʻo nā hopena o ka loiloi regression kaʻawale no nā kāne a me nā wahine i hōʻike i ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka OCD, ke kaumaha a me ka hopohopo i nā haʻahaʻa ʻana i ka ʻano o nā loiloi wahine. i nā kāne, a ua wehewehe pono iā ia i ka 40% o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i 20% i ka wahine, ʻoiai he ʻano nui, ʻaʻole i pili ka wahine i ka ulana ʻoiai ke ʻano hui ʻia nā kāne a me nā wahine, ma muli o kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā kāne. Loaʻa kēia ʻike i nā noiʻi o mua e hōʻike ana i nā hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kiʻi ma CSBD a me ka pili ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pūnaewele pona a me ke komo ʻana i ka cybersex (Weinstein et al., 2015). Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, ʻo kā mākou noi mua ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi pili ʻana, ʻaʻole i hōʻike i ka ʻokoʻa ʻana o nā moena.Zlot et al., 2018). No laila, ʻo ka hihia o nā kāne ka mea pili i ka wahine i hoʻohana i ka Pūnaewele no ka hana ʻikepili pūnaewele pono e nānā hou aku.

Hōʻuluʻulu ka hana kūlohelohe kekahi comorbidities psychiatric me ke hopohopo kanaka, dysthymia, nānā deficit hyperactivity maʻi (Bijlenga et al., 2018; Bőthe et al., 2019a, b; Garcia & Thibaut, 2010; Mick & Hollander, 2006; Semaille, 2009) pākuʻiʻO Samenow, 2010) a me ke kaumaha i post-traumaticCarnes, 1991). Ua ʻike kekahi mau noiʻi pili i ka pili ʻana i ka moekolohe i kāu pili a i ʻole e pane ana i ka dysphoric i pili a i ʻole ka luhi ʻana i nā hanana ola (Raymond, Coleman, & Miner, 2003; ʻO Reid, 2007; Reid & Kamana, 2009; ʻO Reid, Kamana, Spackman, & Willes, 2008).

ʻO ka hoʻohana kino ʻana i ka pili ma ka pūnaewele e wehewehe ʻia e nā kumumanaʻo o ka hana kolohe, ka wahine male ʻole a me ka CSBD (Wetterneck, Burgess, Pōkole, Smith, & Cervantes, 2012). Ua hoʻolako aʻe ka Pūnaewele i nā kiʻi i nā kiʻi a me ka nui a ua kōkua i nā pae o ka moekolohe kāne i hala ʻole ma mua.Kaumaha, 2010; Wetterneck et al., 2012). Ua manaʻo ʻia aia ke CSBD e pili ana i ka paʻikua o ka impulsive-compulsive (Grant a me., 2010). ʻO ka impulsivity, kahi e pili ana i kahi hana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ka noʻonoʻo mua ʻana, ua pili pū me ka leʻaleʻa, ka leʻaleʻa a me ka hauʻoli a hoʻomaka ʻo ia ka pōʻai haʻahaʻa akā ʻo ka ʻikepili ka mālama i ka CSBD mau loa (Karila et al., 2014; Wetterneck et al., 2012).

ʻO ke kumu o ka noiʻi lua ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻana i ka pilina ma waena o ka impulsivity, pilikia pilikia o ka pūnaewele pūnaewele no ka hana moekolohe a me ka CSBD. Hiki i ke kolohe a me ka pilikia ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana moekolohe a hiki i nā mākaʻikaʻi i ka moekolohe. No laila he mea nui ke loiloi iā lākou i ka heluna kanaka e hoʻohana nei i ka Pūnaewele e loaʻa i nā hoa hana. Ua hoʻonohonoho pū ʻia me ka impulsivity e pili ana me ka pilikia pilikia o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi ma ka pūnaewele (Wetterneck et al., 2012) a me CSBD ()Karila et al., 2014; Weinstein, 2014; Weinstein, et al., 2015). ʻOiai ke piʻi ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi pūnaewele pūnaewele (Carroll a me., 2008; Kingston et al., 2009; Kaumaha, 2010; ʻO Stack et al., 2004; Wetterneck et al., 2012) nui nā noiʻi ua noiʻi i kēia hui (Wetterneck et al., 2012). Hōʻike nā hualoaʻa ma kēia noiʻi e pili ana i ka impulsivity a me ka pilikia ʻana o nā kiʻi kiʻi pūnaewele ma ka CSBD i kahi hōʻike hoʻohālike i ka wahine. No ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o nā haʻawina ma CSBD he hapa nui o nā kāne kāne e hana nei i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka moʻolelo no ka mea ʻo ia ka manaʻo o ka wahine wahine me CSBD Kuhi ʻia ia e nā ʻenekahana evolusion e ulu i nā wahine i hiki i ke kaha ke kāohi i ka hopena e hoʻonā a maikaʻi ʻole paha. Aia nā mea kākoʻo e hōʻike ana i ka maikaʻi o nā wahine i hana maikaʻi ʻia ma nā hana cognitive me ke ana i ka impulsivity e like me ka lohi i ka hōʻoluʻolu a hoʻolilo i ka hoʻemi ma ka nui o ka wā kamaliʻi. Weinstein & Dannon, 2015 no ka loiloi). He hiki paha ke hoʻohana nei nā mea he nui i ka wikiō pūnaewele ma ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ka ʻike pilikino a me nā pale ʻole e mālama i kēia ʻano hoʻokūkū a me ka hoʻohui.Wetterneck et al., 2012). Eia nō naʻe kekahi mau kūʻē kue i hōʻike ʻia e ka Bőthe et al. (2019a, b) ke hōʻike nei i ka lawaiʻa a me ka koi ʻana e pili pono ana i ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka porn me nā kāne a me nā wahine. Ua ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka impulsivity me ka hypersexuality ma mua o ka hana paʻakikī i waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine, kēlā. ʻO ka hopena, ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe kākau mea ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi i ka impulsivity a i ka koi ʻana i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi kiʻi porn e like me ka noi ʻana o kekahi mau loea. Ma kahi ʻē aʻe, loaʻa paha ka impulsivity i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi ma hypersexuality ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka porn e hoʻohālikelike ana.

Hōʻike ka puke o kēia mau puke i ka ʻokoʻa o ka moe ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi ma ka pūnaewele, impulsivity a me CSBD (Carroll a me., 2008; Poulsen et al., 2013; Weinstein et al., 2015; Zlot et al., 2018). Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia noiʻi like ʻole i nā ʻano like ʻole i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka pūnaewele kiʻi pūnaewele a me ka helu CSBD akā ʻaʻole ia ma ka impulsivity (ʻaʻole like me nā hopena i wehewehe ʻia. Wetterneck ma. (2012)) i loaʻa i nā puʻupuʻu kiʻekiʻe i nā kāne. Hiki ke hiki i ka honua ākea a me ka ulu ikaika o ka neʻe o ka wahine wahine, hāpai nā wahine i nā hoʻolālā i hana ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻano ʻano pilalike e like me ka hoʻohālikelike, ka lawe ʻana i ka hopohopo a me ka impulsivity.

E like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi ma ka pūnaewele a me nā kiʻekiʻe o CSBD i nā wahine hoʻokahi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā wahine i mare. I nā makahiki i hala aku nei, he mahuahua ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā kiʻi kiʻi pūnaewele ma waena o nā wahine i ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻae kanaka me kēia pūnaewele. Ma kahi haʻawina nui, ʻo ka hoʻohana kino ʻana i ka male me ka wahine a me ka wahine, ʻoiai ka pili wahine me ka wahine.Poulsen et al., 2013). ʻIke ʻia nā wahine e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia pāhana i ka maikaʻi inā pili ia me ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoikaika kino o kekahi.Tokunaga et al., 2017; Vaillancourt-Morel et al., 2019).

ʻO ka mea hope loa, hana pinepine ʻia nā hana lono wahine i ka mea huna a ma kahi hana kūʻokoʻa e hūnā ʻia e nā lālā o ka ʻohana. Nā nāwaliwali i nā ʻohana, nā hoaaloha a me ke kaiāulu i ka laulā no laila e alakaʻi ʻia i nā hana pilikino i loko o ka pūnaewele i waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine. Eia kekahi, aia kekahi hōʻike hōʻike haukapila e hōʻike ana ka poʻe i ka pilikia o nā hana moʻo pūnaewele ma ke ʻano o ka hōʻeha ʻana i kā lākou pilina aloha ma muli o kēia pilikia pilikia, no laila, e loaʻa i nā mea pākahi i nā helu kiʻekiʻe ma ka pae CSBD.

hoʻokau

Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā haʻawina ʻelua i nā nīnau nīnau lula hoʻohuʻina ma ka Pūnaewele a no laila aia kahi hiki ʻole ke pane mai i nā pane. Mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻikepili no nā noiʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana.Montgomery-Graham, 2017). ʻO ka lua, ua komo lākou i nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a aia paha he mau molikaʻuʻike o nā ʻike. Ma nā noiʻi ʻelua ua nui nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Ma ka papa aʻo 1, ʻoi aku ka male a i ʻole i kahi pilina ma mua o ke kū hoʻokahi ʻo ke aʻo ʻana ʻo ka hapa ka nui (2%) a ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi he male a i ʻole kahi pilina (73.7%). Aia nō kekahi ʻokoʻa i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā hana hana hapa i ʻOi aku 26.3 ka hapa nui o ka ʻāpana he hapa hana (he hapa 1%) ʻoiai ʻo Study 65 wale nō 2%. ʻO ke kolu, he mau huina pale lākou ma laila no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke kumu kumu. I ka hopena, ma nā haʻawina ʻelua he nui ka wahine i pili i ka helu o ka impulsivity.

ka hopena

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hōʻike mua ʻana i nā hōʻailona e koi ai i ka helu ʻana i nā helu CSB ma waena o ka poʻe e hoʻohana i ka Pūnaewele no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoa pili. Ua hōʻike ʻia ma ka noiʻi ʻelua ʻo ka impulsivity a me ka pilikia ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana moʻo pūnaewele pūnaewele i kōkua ʻia i nā helu CSB i waena o ka poʻe e hoʻohana i ka Pūnaewele no ka hana moekolohe. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka Pūnaewele a me kāna palapala noi no ke kiʻi ʻana i nā hoa pili no ka wahine a no ke nānā ʻana i nā kiʻi hoʻohālike i waena o nā kāne akā ke hōʻike nei mākou i kēia mea kaulana loa i waena o nā wahine. Pono e nānā nā haʻawina o ka wā e pili ana i nā mea i loko o ka lehulehu a me nā wahi e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka Pūnaewele e ʻike i nā hoa pili. Eia kekahi, e nānā lākou i ka hana a me ka impulsivity e pili ana i ka orient male ma o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana i nā kāne a me nā wahine. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohālikelike i nā nui o nā lehulehu me ka hana moekolohe i ke ʻano hoʻohālike no ka poʻe e hoʻohana i nā hana moekolohe online me ka poʻe e ʻimi nei i ka hana hoʻomāinoino.

ʻO nā kumuwaiwai kālā

Ua aʻo ʻia ke aʻo ʻana ma ke ʻano he papa hoʻonaʻauao i ka pili ʻana i nā ʻano ma ke Kulanui o Ariel, Ariel, ʻIseraʻela.

ʻO ka hāʻawiʻana o nā mea hoʻohana

ʻO nā mea āpau i hoʻoili ʻia e like me nā mea kākau o ka pepa ua hāʻawi nui i ka kaʻina ʻepekema e alakaʻi ana i ka palapala. Ua hāʻawi ka mea kākau i ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hoʻolālā o ka papahana, ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua, hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka wehewehe ʻana i nā hopena a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka kākau ʻana no ka paʻi.

Kōkua hihia

ʻAʻole manaʻo a nā mea kākau e ʻike ʻia nei i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ka noiʻi (e like me, nā manaʻo kālā i loko o kahi hōʻike a i ʻole kaʻina hana, nā kālā kālā e nā ʻoihana lapaʻau e noiʻi ai i ka noiʻi).