ʻO ke keʻokeʻo microstrukturural a me nā maʻi hōʻino kino kolohe - Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study (2021)

Introduction

ʻO ka Compulsive Sexual Behaviour Disorder (CSBD) i hoʻolauna ʻia e World Health Organization (WHO) ma ka puke 11th o International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) kahi maʻi psychiatric i hōʻike ʻia e ka hana hou ʻole ʻana e kūʻē i nā koi no ka hana moekolohe. I ka mua, ke uku nei kēia mau hana no ka mea hoʻomanawanui, akā ma hope o kekahi manawa ua lilo lākou i mea hōʻino a me nā hana ʻole, e hopena ana me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia pilikino. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ana hoʻohālikelike CSBD, pono e hōʻike ka mea maʻi ma luna i nā ʻōuli i ʻōlelo ʻia no 6 mau mahina, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana ʻia kahi ʻike inā ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia kahi pilikia nui i ke ola pilikino a i ʻole inā pili ka pilikia i ka hoʻokolokolo a me ka hōʻole ʻole i ka moekolohe. laʻana, hoʻokumu ʻia i nā manaʻo haipule / hoʻomana (Kraus et al., 2018; ʻO wai, 2019). ʻO nā pae hoʻohālikelike o ka CSBD i hāpai ʻia e WHO ma kahi ākea ākea e pili ana i nā ana no ka maʻi hypersexual (HD) i hāpai ʻia e Kafka (2010) no ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka ʻāpana maʻi kolohe o DSM-V. Pēlā nō me HD, ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻo CSBD ma ke ʻano he maʻi hōʻeuʻeu nonparaphilic koʻikoʻi me kahi mea impulsivity, e like me ka hoʻowalewale, akā ʻaʻole like me HD, CSBD ka waiho ʻana o ke koʻikoʻi a me nā rula o ka naʻau (e like me OCD) (no ke kūkākūkā kikoʻī e nānā: Gola et al., 2020).

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻo WHO iā CSBD (i ka ICD-11) ma ke ʻano he mana hoʻomalu impulse, akā ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o ka compulsiveness i loko o ka inoa o ka maʻi. Minamina, ākea loa ka maʻa kaohi maʻi impulse a ʻaʻole hiki ke wehewehe ākea i kona mau palena, kahi e wehewehe ai ka CSBD i ke kumuhana o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa mau, e kau ana i ka nīnau inā impulsive a koi ʻole paha nā hōʻailona o CSBD i ko lākou ʻano, a i ʻole inā CSBD pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia he hōʻike o ka hoʻohaunaele i ka lawena (eg, ʻO Bőthe et al., 2019; ʻO Gola et al., 2017; Griffiths, 2016; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016; Kühn & Gallinat, 2016; Potenza, Gola, Voon, Kor, & Kraus, 2017; ʻŌpio, 2008) a i ʻole kekahi ʻano ʻano maʻi psychiatric. Ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa nei no kona like me ka hoʻōla, haʻi pinepine nā mea noiʻi i nā ʻano hana leʻaleʻa a me ka ʻiʻini i ka moekolohe (ʻO Gola & Draps, 2018; ʻO Gola et al., 2017; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Kowalewska et al., 2018; Voon et al., 2014), ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana a me ka piʻi ʻana o nā ʻōuli, no laila ke ʻano o ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka mea (Reid et al., 2012; Wordecha et al., 2018), a me ka syndrome withdrawal (Garcia & Thibaut, 2010). Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo CSBD i ka Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), no ka mea hiki ke hōʻike i nā pōʻaiapili o nā manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole, pili pū me nā koi, e like me nā hana, nā hana repetitive e hoʻēmi i ka haunaele i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā manaʻo obsessive, komo i mea e pale a hoʻemi i ke koʻikoʻi a hopohopo paha (Diakono & Abramowitz, 2005; ʻO Fineberg et al. 2014). He mea nui paha ka moekolohe ʻana i ke kaʻina hana no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka naʻau (Lew-Starowicz, Lewczuk, Nowakowska, Kraus, & Gola, 2020) Wahi a Coleman a me nā hoapili (2003), CSBD nā mea maʻi e ʻike i nā manaʻo repetitive o ke ʻano moekolohe e hoʻonāukiuki ai (pulakaumaka), a komo i nā moekolohe kolohe e hōʻemi i kēia haunaele (Coleman, Raymond, & McBean, 2003). I kēia ala, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka moekolohe ma ke ʻano he hōʻike o ke koi ʻana (Mick & Hollander, 2006) a me ke ʻano moekolohe i ke ʻano o ka hoʻolālā hoʻokele manaʻo (Kafka, 2010; Miner, Dickenson, & Coleman, 2019; Reid & Kafka, 2014). I kēia manawa kēia hana kope i kumuhana o ke kūkākūkā i ka pōʻaiapili o CSBD, no ka mea, ua hoʻohui ʻia i loko o nā pae hoʻohālikelike o ka WHO (Gola et al., 2020).

Ke ulu nei nā kino o nā hōʻike e ʻōlelo i ke aloha no nā like neurobiological ma waena o CSBD a me nā mea hōʻalo, e laʻa me ka hopena o ka ʻōnaehana uku (e nānā i ʻike: ʻO Gola & Draps, 2018 or Kowalewska et al., 2018). Ma waena o nā hopena hoihoi loa ka: hoʻonui ʻia o ka ventral striatal reactivity no nā kiʻi erotic i makemake ʻia (hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kiʻi makemake ʻole ʻia) e hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia me nā hopena o ka Internet Addiction Test Modified for Cybersex (Brand, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016), a i ʻole nā ​​hana i ʻoi aku i loko o: dorsolateral prefrontal Cortex, caudate, inferior supramarginal gyrus o ka loʻi parietal, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex a me thalamus, no nā erotic cues i waena o nā CSBD kanaka ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā kaohi (Seok & Sohn, 2015). Ua hōʻike pū kekahi poʻe CSBD i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka striatal reactivity (hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā kaohi) no nā wikiō moekolohe.Voon et al., 2014) a i ʻole erotic akā ʻaʻole ia nā kuhi kālā (Gola et al., 2017) a hoʻemi i ka pilina o ka hana ma waena o ka striatum ventral a me ka prefrontal cortex (Klucken et al., 2016), a me ka hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻole ma waena o ka paʻakikī o nā hōʻailona CSBD a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka hana ma waena o ka gyrus temporal kiʻekiʻe hema a me ka nucleus caudate ʻākau (Seok & Sohn, 2018). E pili ana i nā hopena o ka lolo e pili ana i ka CSBD, Kühn a me Gallinat (2014) ua loaʻa kahi pilina kūwaha ma waena o ka volumetry caudate pono a me ka pinepine o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ponokala kiʻi i waena o nā mea hoʻohana ponokala kiʻi ʻole. Nā noi hou mai kā mākou hui (Draps et al., 2020) hōʻike i kēlā me kēia kanaka me CSBD, ka hōʻona ʻana i ka waiʻona a me nā maʻi piliwaiwai e kaʻana i ka nui o ka hina hina i ka pou o ka alo hema (kikoʻī i ka orbitofrontal Cortex) ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā kumuhana olakino. Kākoʻo ka ʻikepili i luna aʻe nei i ke kuhiakau ma nā like ma waena o CSBD a me nā mea hōʻalo. Minamina, ʻaʻohe loaʻa nā noiʻi neurobiological e hoʻohālikelike ana iā CSBD i OCD.

ʻO kekahi ala o ke aʻo ʻana i nā mea like i hiki i waena o CSBD a me nā mea hōʻalo a i ʻole ʻo OCD ke nānā aku i ka microstructure mea keʻokeʻo o ka lolo. ʻO Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) kahi ʻano kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki i ʻike ʻia i nā pono kikoola microstrukturural, e ʻae ana i ka loiloi kūpono o nā pepa keʻokeʻo (Basser & Jones, 2002; ʻO Guevara, Guevara, Román, & Mangin, 2020; Le Bihan, 2003; Le Bihan et al., 2001). Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano hana DTI, e laʻa me ka Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSSs) i hoʻohana nui ʻia e ʻike i nā mea keʻokeʻo o nā mea keʻokeʻo i loko o nā kānaka.Smith a me., 2006), e nānā kikoʻī ana i nā ʻokoʻa o ka anisotropy hakina (FA). Ma ka anamanaʻo TBSS hoʻohana ʻia ka algorithm inoa ʻole nonlinear e hoʻolālā i nā ʻikepili pākahi i ke ʻano o ka tract tract, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka skeleton FA maʻamau. Ua loaʻa iā mākou nā puke 39 ma OCD (31) a me nā mea hōʻalo (8) e hoʻohana ana iā TBSS. I kēia mau noiʻi, ua hōʻike nā mea kākau i nā ʻokoʻa FA ma waena o ka nui o nā mana olakino 1,050 a me 1,188 poʻe maʻi maʻi i hōʻoia ʻia me ka OCD a i ʻole ka maʻi hōʻino. ʻO nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi loa o nā mea komo i kēlā me kēia: 22 i ka mea hōʻalo (ʻO Chumin et al., 2019) a ʻewalu i ka hui OCD (Cannistraro et al., 2007). Iwakāluakūmāwalu mau noiʻi i hōʻike i nā hopena koʻikoʻi me P <0.05 ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono no nā hoʻohālikelike he nui a me 6 me ka hoʻoponopono ʻole P <0.001, me ka nui o 20 a ʻoi paha mau voxels. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ʻōlelo kūloko i ka OCD, me nā hopena e hōʻike ana i nā ʻokoʻa FA nui i nā ʻāpana e like me corpus callosum, cingulum bundle, forceps minor a me corona radiata. ʻO nā hopena he sparser i nā mea hōʻalo, me nā wahi liʻiliʻi i hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā hui hoʻomanawanui a me nā pūʻulu. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ʻeiwa mau ʻāina (ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo corona radiata ʻoi loa, capsule o loko, cerebellum, occipital a me frontal keʻokeʻo mea, fasc fascus superior, posterior thalamic radiata, corpus callosum a me thalamus) i hōʻike ʻia e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana o DTI i nā mea ʻelua, no ka OCD a me nā mea hōʻalo (ʻike. Laau. 1).

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Nā hopena o ka loiloi palapala. ʻO nā anisotropy Fractional (FA) hōʻemi kikoʻī no ka Hoʻohui (polū), FA hōʻemi kikoʻī no OCD (ʻōmaʻomaʻo), a me nā wahi e ʻokoʻa ana nā mea maʻi ʻApika a me OCD mai nā kaohi olakino (melemele)

Hōʻike: Ka Nūpepa o nā Hana Hoʻohā ʻĀina JBA 2021; 10.1556/2006.2021.00002

I kā mākou noiʻi ua kuhikuhi mākou e (1) ʻike i nā ʻano hewa ʻole o ka FA no ka OCD a me nā mea hōʻalo ma o ka loiloi puke, (2) e ʻohiʻohi i ka ʻike DTI mai nā maʻi CSBD a me nā kaohi olakino (e hoʻohana ana i ka hana TBSS e ʻike ai i nā ʻokoʻa ma FA), a me (3) hoʻohālikelike ko mākou mau hopena me nā hōʻike i hōʻike mua ʻia ma OCD a me nā mea hōʻalo, e ʻike ai i nā like a i ʻole / a me nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o OCD, nā mea hōʻalo a me CSBD.

Nā Papahana

Results

Nā hopena DTI

Ua ʻike mākou i nā ʻokoʻa hui nui i ʻeono mau pūʻulu anatomical (ʻaʻole i hoʻoponopono ʻia nā hopena āpau, me nā helu palena no P mai ka 0.05 a ka 0.01 a me ka nui o ka hōʻuluʻulu nui o 50 voxels ma ka liʻiliʻi). Wahi a ka White Matter Atlas (Oishi et al., 2010), loaʻa kēia mau pūʻulu i nā ʻāpana aʻe: ʻekolu mau ʻāpana i ka cerebellum, kahi retrolenticular o ka tract capsule i loko, kahi ʻāpana ʻoi loa o ka corona radiata tract a me kahi ʻāpana keʻokeʻo gyrus occipital (kikoʻī i 2 Pūnaewele a Laau. 2). ʻAʻohe pilina koʻikoʻi ma waena o kēlā me kēia manaʻo o FA ma nā ʻāpana anatomical ʻeono a me ke koʻikoʻi o nā hōʻailona CSBD, e like me ke ana ʻia e ka Testing Screening Screening Test (Gola et al., 2016) a me ka Pōkole ponokala kiʻi (Kraus et al., 2020). Kuhi ʻole ʻia kēia, ʻoiai, e like me nā puke e pili ana i nā maʻi psychiatric e like me ka hōʻalo a me ka OCD, hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka nui o nā ʻōuli me nā ʻokoʻa o ka FA (no ka mea hōʻalo, e nānā: Morales, Jones, Harman, Patching-Bunch, & Nagel, 2020; ʻO De Santis et al., 2019; a no OCD: de Salles Andrade et al., 2019; Fitzgerald, Liu, Reamer, Taylor, & Welsh, 2014; Koch et al., 2012; Saito et al., 2008; Wiki a me., 2018; Zhou et al., 2018).

2 Pūnaewele.Nā hualoaʻa mai ka noiʻi DTI e hoʻohālikelike ana i nā maʻi 36 CSBD me 31 i kūlike i nā kaohi olakino

Index	ʻO ka nui o nā pua	x	y	z	T-kana waiwai o ka piko	P waiwai o ka piko	Nui ʻāpanaa	Tract – inoa mai Atlas
1	61	30	-45	-28	5.3103	0.000027776	1.290118	ch, hemolele cerebellar
2	65	-17	-49	-20	5.1651	0.000046134	1.071367	ch, hemolele cerebellar
3	88	24	-51	-20	5.0823	0.000061393	1.015533	ch, hemolele cerebellar
4	64	33	-29	6	5.1738	0.000044763	1.125174	rlic, ʻāpana retrolenticular o ka capsule kūloko
5	52	-40	-62	20	4.9949	0.000082731	1.151454	ʻO2-WM, mea keʻokeʻo a waena a i ʻole hope
6	71	-25	14	28	4.1236	0.0013267	0.829666	scr, luna corona radiata

^aʻO Cohen's d ua helu ʻia ka nui o ka hopena ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā hui ʻelua i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka ʻokoʻa maʻamau i hui ʻia.

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Nā ʻokoʻa ma ka anisotropy hakina (FA) ma waena o nā maʻi a me nā kaohi CSBD. Hōʻike ʻia ka iwi skeleton ma waena o nā kumuhana āpau i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma luna o ke anakuhi FMRIB58_FA_1mm. Ua mānoanoa nā hualoaʻa no ka ʻike pono ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka tbss_fill FSL kauoha maʻamau. ʻO nā hui me nā koina kiʻekiʻe FA (P <0.02, ka nui o nā pūʻulu> 50) i ka pūʻulu kaohi i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā maʻi CSBD e hōʻike ʻia i ka ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻohe hualoaʻa nui no ka hoʻohālikelike kūʻē (nā maʻi CSBD> pūʻulu mālama)

Hōʻike: Ka Nūpepa o nā Hana Hoʻohā ʻĀina JBA 2021; 10.1556/2006.2021.00002

kūkākūkā

ʻO kēia kahi o nā noiʻi DTI mua e loiloi ana i nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea maʻi me ka Compulsive Sexual Behaviour Disorder a me nā kaohi olakino. Ua wehe kā mākou loiloi i nā hōʻemi FA ma nā ʻeono o ka lolo i nā kumuhana CSBD, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kaohi. Ua loaʻa nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa i ka cerebellum (aia nō paha nā ʻāpana o ka ʻāpana like i ka cerebellum), ka ʻāpana retrolenticular o ka capsule kūloko, ka radiona corona kiʻekiʻe a me ka mea keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻaoʻao keʻokeʻo occipital gyrus.

E nānā i kēia mau hopena i ka pōʻaiapili ākea o ka laulā holoʻokoʻa o nā maʻi psychiatric impulsive a me compulsive, mai ka hōʻalo ma kahi o OCD i kekahi, ua alakaʻi mākou i kahi loiloi piha o nā puke e pili ana iā DTI i nā mea olakino i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna. ʻO nā haʻawina he kanakolukūmāiwa (ʻewalu e pili ana i ka hoʻohuihui a me 31 ma OCD) i loaʻa i loko o nā puke i hōʻike ʻia, e pili ana i ka DTI, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka neuronal like ʻole i ka hoʻopili ma mua o ka OCD. I ka palapala OCD, ka hopena nui a hōʻike pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka FA i nā wahi e like me ke kupapaʻu callosum a me ka pūʻulu cingulum (Benedetti et al., 2013; Bora et al., 2011; Cannistraro et al., 2007; de Salles Andrade et al., 2019; Fan et al., 2016; Gan et al., 2017; Garibotto et al., 2010; Li et al., 2011; Nakamae et al., 2011; Oh et al., 2012; Saito et al., 2008; Spalletta, Piras, Fagioli, Caltagirone, & Piras, 2014; Versace et al., 2019; Yoo et al., 2007; Zhou et al., 2018). I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ua ʻōlelo nā puke i nā mea mai loko mai o ka corona radiata o ka hope, ka capsule o waho, fornix, insula a me ka hippocampus ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa nā mea maʻi a me nā kaohi ma nā ʻano FA maʻamau (Chumin et al., 2019; De Santis et al., 2019; Pandey et al., 2018; Yip et al., 2017; Zou et al., 2017), a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ma OCD, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka corona radiata ʻoi loa, capsule o loko, cerebellum, frontal a me nā mea keʻokeʻo mua, fasc fascus kiʻekiʻe, radiata thalamic radiata, corpus callosum a me thalamus (Benedetti et al., 2013; Cannistraro et al., 2007; Chumin et al., 2019; Fan et al., 2012; Fontenelle et al., 2011; Gan et al., 2017; Hartmann, Vandborg, Rosenberg, Sørensen, & Videbech, 2016; Kim, Jung, Kim, Jang, & Kwon, 2015; Lochner et al., 2012; Pandey et al., 2018; Segobin et al., 2019; Szeszko et al., 2005; Yip et al., 2017; Yoo et al., 2007; Zhong et al., 2019; Zou et al., 2017). ʻO nā wahi ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i nā ʻoihana OCD i ka wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma Fiku. 1 a me 3 (Glahn, Prell, Grosskreutz, Peschel, & Müller-Vahl, 2015; He et al., 2018; Li, Ji, Li, Li, & Feng, 2014; Menzies et al., 2008; Nakamae et al., 2008; Segobin et al., 2019).

Hōʻike kā mākou ʻikepili DTI i ka hoʻopili o nā neural o CSBD i nā wahi i hōʻike mua ʻia i nā puke e pili ana i nā mea ʻelua, i ka hōʻalo a me ka OCD (ʻike i ka ʻulaʻula i Laau. 3). No laila, ua hōʻike ka noiʻi o kēia manawa i kahi like nui i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi FA i waena o CSBD a me nā OCD a me nā mea ʻāpiki. Minamina, ʻaʻole hōʻike kēia mau hopena i kahi o kēia mau mea ʻona ʻelua e kokoke ana i ka CSBD e pili ana i nā pilina DTI.

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Nā hopena i haki ʻia mai ka loiloi puke e pili ana i ka anisotropy haʻihaʻi (FA) ma Addiction a me OCD, a me nā hopena o kā mākou noi DTI ma nā maʻi CSBD. Kūpono ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi FA no ka Hoʻohui (polū), hoʻoliʻiliʻi FA no ka OCD (ʻōmaʻomaʻo), nā ʻāpana e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā maʻi o ka Hoʻohō a me ka OCD mai nā kaohi olakino (melemele), a me nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa i nā maʻi CSBD mai nā kaohi olakino (ʻulaʻula) 3 mau ʻāpana i ka cerebellum, ʻāpana retrolenticular o ka tract capsule i loko, kahi ʻāpana poʻokela o ka corona radiata tract a me kahi ʻāpana o ke keʻokeʻo gyrus keʻokeʻo.

Hōʻike: Ka Nūpepa o nā Hana Hoʻohā ʻĀina JBA 2021; 10.1556/2006.2021.00002

hopena a

Hōʻike nā hopena o kā mākou noi e kaʻana like ʻo CSBD i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā abnormalities me nā OCD a me nā mea hōʻalo. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā kaohi, hōʻike nā poʻe CSBD i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi FA nui i ka tract corona radiata ʻoi aku, ka tractule capsule i loko, nā tract cerebellar a me nā mea keʻokeʻo gypus occipital. Ma ke ʻano he noiʻi DTI mua i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa o ka lolo ma waena o CSBD, nā mea hōʻalo a me OCD, ʻoiai e hōʻike ana i nā ʻaoʻao hou o CSBD, ʻaʻole lawa ia e ʻike ai inā like ka CSBD i kahi mea hōʻalo a i ʻole OCD. ʻO ka noiʻi hou, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā poʻe me nā maʻi ʻekolu a pau e hāʻawi i nā hopena hope loa.