Dadka ka socda bulshada ee raadsanaya daweynta qaab dhismeedka sida Sexaholics Anonymous (SA) iyo dembiilayaasha galmada waxay ku mashquulsan yihiin galmo, khiyaali galmo, iyo dabeecado. Heerarka ahmiyad darrada galmada qasabka ah (CSBD), si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa lagu soo waramayaa inay si aad ah uga hooseeyaan kuwa xadgudbaha galmada ka badan kuwa SAs. Daraasaddan, waxaan baarnay kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya SAs iyo dembiilayaasha galmada ee CSBD iyo geedi socodyada laga yaabo inay udub dhexaadka u ah CSBD - barnaamijyada maladaptive ee ku saabsan nafta iyo dadka kale, jahwareerka, iyo raadinta dareenka.
Daraasaddu waxay ka kooban tahay 103 dembiileyaal jinsi, 68 SAs, iyo 81 dambiilayaal gacan ka hadal ah oo u shaqeeyey xakameyn da'doodu u dhaxayso 18-74 sano, kuwaas oo dhammaystiray tallaabooyinka is-sheegidda ee ku saabsan CSBD, nidaamyada maladaptive, jiidashada, iyo raadinta dareenka.
SAs way ka sarreeyeen CSBD, nidaamyada malaynta, isku-buuqa, iyo raadinimada marka loo eego dambiilayaasha galmada. Dembiilayaasha galmada waxay ka sareeyaan CSBD iyo indho sarcaad marka loo eego dambiilayaasha rabshadaha. Kooxaha oo dhan, nidaamyada maladarect ayaa lala xiriiriyay CSBD sareeya.
Qiimaha sare ee CSBD ee SAs ayaa qayb ahaan lagu xisaabtami karaa kala duwanaanshaha barnaamijyada maladaptive. Waxaan ka wada hadalnay saameynta daraasadda fahamka CSBD, dembiyada galmada, iyo daweynta CSBD iyo galmada.
Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunku (WHO), ee daabacaaddii 11-aad ee Cudurrada Caalamiga ah ee Cudurrada (ICD-11), waxaa ku jira Isku-qasab Galmo Dhaqameed (CSB) inay tahay cilad-darro (hadda loo yaqaan CSBD; lambarka kala-saarista 6C72). CSBD waa cillad xakameyn xakameysan oo lagu garto soo noqnoqosho iyo mashquul daran oo ku saabsan riyooyinka galmada, damacyada, iyo dabeecadaha, taasoo horseedda dhibaato caafimaad ama culeys xagga shaqada bulshada iyo shaqada iyo cawaaqib xumada kale (ICD-11; Gola & Potenza, 2018; Kafka, 2010; WHO, 2018). Cilladaan waxaa sidoo kale loo arkaa inay tahay dabeecad la qabatimo oo aan paraphilic ahayn (ie, qabatin aan jinsi ahayn oo qabatin ah; Efrati, Gerber, & Tolmacz, 2019) dadka in ay aqbalaan cudurka waxay leeyihiin isku mid cajiib ah shanta wajiyood ee waaweyn ee shaqsiyadda (neuroticism, niyada, isdhaafsiga, ogolaashaha, iyo furfurnaanta khibrada) iyo dhiirigelinta kuwa lagu sumoobayo maandooriyaha firfircoon ee dabiiciga ah (Zilberman, Yadid, Efrati, Neumark, & Rassovsky, 2018). Qeexitaannada galmada ee sinji-darka ah (tusaale ahaan, Carnes, 2000; Goodman, 1998) iyo CSBD (tus., Kafka, 2010) sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin waxyaalo badan oo la mid ah. Dhawaan, daraasad lagu sameeyay CSBD ayaa muujisay, in dhinac ka mid ah, dadka ka socda bulshada ee raadinaya daweynta qaab dhismeedka sida Sexaholics Anonymous (SA) inay door weyn ka qaataan CSBD (Efrati & Gola, 2018; Efrati & Mikulincer, 2018) iyo hoos u dhaca dembiyada galmada (C. David, isgaarsiinta shaqsiyadeed ee adeegyada SA, 2017). Dhanka kale, dembiilayaasha galmada waxay leeyihiin dano hooseeya CSBD (Hanson, Harris, Scott, & Helmus, 2007; Kingston & Bradford, 2013). Farqiga noocan ahi waa wax la yaab leh marka la eego in labada qoomiyadoodba ay aad ugu mashquulsan yihiin galmada, riyooyinka galmada, iyo dhaqanka galmada. Daraasaddan, waxaan higsaneynaa inaanu si qoto dheer u eegno farqiga u dhexeeya labadan shacab (anagoo is barbar dhigaya dambiilayaasha rabshadaha) ee kutlada CSBD iyo geedi socodka laga yaabo inay udub dhexaad u ahaadaan CSBD - nidaamyada curyaaminta ee ku saabsan nafta iyo kuwa kale, jahwareerka, iyo dareenka raadinaya. Sahamintaan kaliya ma fududeyneyso fahamka wanaagsan ee labadan qofood laakiin waxay sidoo kale soo jeedineysaa habab cusub oo loogu talagalay wax ka qabashada daaweynta.
Dembiilayaasha galmada waa shakhsiyaad ama si rasmi ah loogu soo oogay dambi galmo (tusaale ahaan, bandhig, faraxumeyn cunug, ama kufsi), waxay sameeyeen ficil lagu soo afjari karo dacwad rasmi ah, ama ku kacay fal xadgudub galmo ah oo lid ku ah rabitaanka dhibanaha (Gerardin & Thibaut, 2004; Miner et al., 2006; Thibaut, 2015).
Waxaa jira baaritaano dhiiri gelin ah oo yaraada baaritaanka dambiyada galmada ee CSB ee ku saabsan dambiilayaasha galmada. Markii hore, Carnes (1989) wuxuu soo jeediyay in ku dhawaad 50% dambiilayaasha galmada ay soo bandhigaan astaamo aan macquul aheyn, in kasta oo uusan soo bandhigin cadeymo la taaban karo oo taageeraya tirooyinkaan. Daraasadihii xigay, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay taageereen sheegashada Carnes. Tusaale ahaan, Krueger, Kaplan, iyo First (2009) waxay ogaadeen in 33% ragga loo qabtay dambiyo la xiriira galmada Internetka ay leeyihiin CSBD (oo loogu yeeray daraasadda, dabeecada akhlaaqda). Blanchard (1990) isticmaalka talaabooyinka is-sheegida ayaa ogaatay in 55% muunadkiisa dembiilayaasha galmada (n = 107) wuxuu la kulmay shuruudo ku saabsan qabatinka galmada, in kasta oo shuruudihiisa aysan cadeyn isla markaana kalsoonida cudurka uu qabo lama soo sheegin. Marshall iyo asxaabta (Marshall, Marshall, Moulden, & Serran, 2008; Marshall, O'Brien, & Kingston, 2009) waxay baareen baahidooda akhlaaq xumada iyagoo adeegsanaya tillaabooyin warbixin is-sheegasho ah oo laga soo qaaday dadka dambiilayaasha ah ee galmada la isku haysto isla markaana la barbardhigi jiray heerarkan iyo kontroolada bulshada ee dhaqaalaha ku aaddan. Akhlaaqda suuxinta waxaa lagu go'aamiyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo dhibco goos goos goos goos ah iyadoo la adeegsanayo cabirka “qabatinka galmada” (Tijaabada Baaritaanka Tijaabada Galmoodka; Carnes, 1989). Natiijooyinka waxay guud ahaan la jaanqaadeen xogta ay soo warisay Krueger et al. (2009), Carnes (1989), iyo Blanchard (1990), sida in ku dhow 44% dembiilayaasha galmada loo tixgeliyo inay yihiin kuwa wada hadal ah, halka 18% ka mid ah kontaroolada dhaqan dhaqaale ahaan isbarbar dhiga bulshada ay buuxiyeen shuruudihii. Si kastaba ha noqotee, daraasad dhowaan la sameeyay iyada oo la adeegsanayo habab kala duwan oo casri ah oo lagu qiimeynayo CSBD waxay heshay heerar aad u hooseeya oo ah CSBD ee ku saabsan dambiilayaasha galmada.
Kingston iyo Bradford (2013), tusaale ahaan, waxaa laga dhex helay 586 dembiileyaal galmada qaangaar ah oo iskucelcelis is-warbixiyay guud ahaan galmada (Kinsey, Pomeroy, & Martin, 1948) wuu hooseeyay oo kaliya 12% shakhsiyaadka ayaa la kulmay shuruudaha ku saabsan isu-tagsanaanta (taas oo lagu qeexay 7 ama in ka badan orgasms asbuucii). Hanson et al. (2007) ayaa soo sheegay in kaliya 11.3% muunaddooda ku saabsan dembiileyaasha galmada ee ragga waaweyn ee kormeerka bulshada ay la kulmeen shuruuda ka hor tagga galmada. Daraasad ku saabsan tusaale muunad ah oo ka kooban 244 dembiile rag ah oo galmada ka dhan ah dhibanayaasha carruurta, Briken (2012) ayaa soo sheegay in kaliya ku dhawaad 9% ay la kulmeen shuruudda baarista ee hyperexual disorder, sida ku qeexan shuruudaha la soo jeediyey ee DSM-5. Sidaa daraadeed, in kasta oo dembiilayaasha galmada ay ka welwelsan yihiin galmada, tiro yar oo keliya ayaa gaarta baaritaanka caafimaad ee CSBD.
Taas bedelkeeda, dadka ka socda bulshada ee raadsanaya daweynta qaab dhismeedka sida SA waxay leeyihiin wax aad uga sareeya CSBD (Efrati & Gola, 2018; Efrati & Mikulincer, 2018). Gaar ahaan, Efrati iyo Mikulincer (2018) waxaa laga helay heerka CSBD oo ah 87.7% ka mid ah SAs (marka la barbar dhigo heerka guud ee bulshada oo ah 4.3%), iyo muunad kale, Efrati iyo Gola (2018) waxaa lagu muujiyey heerka CSBD ee 82.6%. Heerarkan waxaa lagu qiyaasey iyadoo la adeegsanaayo qiyaasta dabeecada galmoodka ee qasabka ah (I-CSB)Efrati & Mikulincer, 2018), kaas oo qiimeeya afarta qaybood ee caanka ah ee CSBD: (a) cawaaqibyada aan loo baahnayn sababtoo ah riyooyin jinsiyeed - sida riyaduhu u gaystaan waxyeelo nafteeda iyadoo u keenaysa dhibaato jireed, maskaxeed, iyo mid ruuxi ah (Reid, Garos, & Fong, 2012) iyo qof ku dhow dadka kale sida xubnaha qoyska (Reid, Nijaar, Draper, & Manning, 2010), asxaabta, iyo asxaabta (Reid, Garos, & Nijaarka, 2011); (b) la'aanta xakamaynta akhlaaqda - ku lug lahaanshaha joogtada ah ee khiyaaliga galmada iyada oo aan la xakamayn fikradaha iyo soo-gaadhista sawir-gacmeedka; (c) saameyn taban - dareen taban oo ay weheliso dambi iyo ceeb sababtoo ah riyooyin galmo oo quudiya dareenka u qalmid la'aan; iyo (d) saameyn ku yeelashada habdhaqanka - u baxsashada khiyaaliga galmada iyo qaawanimada xanuunka, walbahaarka, iyo dhibaatada darteed. Waxyaabahahee ayaa xisaabtami kara faraqa u dhexeeya dambiilayaasha galmada iyo SA-yada CSBD? Daraasaddan, waxaan soo jeedinaynaa in qorshooyinka cillad-darrada ah ee ku saabsan naftaada iyo kuwa kale, kacsanaan, iyo dareenka raadinta ay door muhiim ah ka ciyaari karaan sharraxaadda kala duwanaanshahaas.
Dadka qaba CSBD badanaa waxay soo sheegaan istiraatiijiyad qalloocan iyo istiraatiijiyad xakameyn shucuureed (Kalichman et al., 1994; Kalichman & Rompa, 1995; Reid et al., 2011). Tusaale ahaan, Paunovic iyo Hallberg (2014) soo jeedisay in CSBD laga yaabo inay la xiriirto cluster qalloocan iyo aaminsanaan la rumeysan karo iyo fasiraado ku saabsan riyooyinka galmada, damac, iyo dhaqan sida qofka qaba CSBD uu ku soo gabagabeyn karo "Ma xakameyn karo dhaqankeyga galmada" sidaas darteedna "Waxaan ahay qof xun. ”Dadka qaba CSBD waxaa sidoo kale caan ku ah inay qabtaan fahamka galmada ee ku saabsan kor u qaadida baahidooda galmada, yareynta kartida is-xakameynta qofka xakameynaya dabeecadiisa galmada, iyadoo sidoo kale dhimaysa faa'iidooyinka galmada (Kraus, Rosenberg, & Tompsett, 2015; Pachankis, Redina, Ventuneac, Grov, & Parsons, 2014). Intaa waxaa sii dheer, dadka qaba CSBD waxay u badan tahay inay soo bandhigaan qaababka xanta iyo jahwareerka ku saabsan awooddooda inay beddelaan dhaqankooda galmada, iyagoo markaa ku xoojinaya dareenka guuldarrada, isku-soo-xadgudubka, iyo u-qalmitaan shakhsiyeed (Reid, 2010; Reid, Temko, Moghaddam, & Fong, 2014).
Dhawaan, Szumskia, Bartels, Beech, iyo Fisher (2018) waxay ku muujinayaan aragtidooda Mashiinada badan ee Farsamada Cognitive in qalalaasaha garashada loo tixgeliyo inay tahay cunsur muhiim u ah cilmiga etiology iyo dayactirka dabeecadda galmada ficil ahaan iyo suurta gal kasta oo dabeecad galmo xad dhaaf ah. Isbadallada garashada waa fikradaha iyo / ama fikradaha taariikh ahaan qeyb muhiim ah ka ah daaweynta dabeecadda garashada ee dambiilayaasha galmada (Maruna & Mann, 2006; Yates, 2013). Aqoon-is-weydaarsiga noocan oo kale ah wuxuu ka yimaadaa qorshooyinka garashada hoose ee cilmi baarista ay soo jeedisay inay tahay bartilmaameedka koowaad ee daaweynta dambiilayaasha galmada (Beech, Bartels, & Dixon, 2013; Maruna & Mann, 2006; Yates, 2013). Qorshahan ayaa lagu qeexi karaa qaab-dhisme garasho oo ay kujirto aaminaad xasilloon iyo fikrado ku saabsan nafsadda, dadka kale iyo adduunka, iyo u shaqeynta sidii mabda 'abaabul ballaaran oo jiheysa garashada shaqsiyeedka dhacdooyinka nolosha (Beck, 1995; Yaryar, Klosko, & Weishaar, 2003). Tusaale ahaan, daaweynta garashada habdhaqanka ayaa ah nooca ugu ballaaran ee la aqbali karo isla markaana awood ahaan loogu taageeray daaweynta galmada dambiilaha marka loo eego yareynta fekerka (tusaale ahaan, Hanson et al., 2002; Lösel & Schmucker, 2005), iyada oo looga golleeyahay beddelaadda qaababka dabeecadda, garashada, iyo jawaab celinta saameynta leh ee ku saabsan dembiga galmada. Markii taas la dhaho, waxtarka daaweyntan ayaa si weyn ugu tiirsan awoodda ay ugu habboonaan lahayd daaweyntu garashada gaarka ah ee shakhsiyaadka (tusaale ahaan, Yates, 2013).
Foomka Su'aalaha Yar-yar ee loo yaqaan 'Schema Planmaire (YSQ)' waa cabbir ka mid ah Qorshooyinka Hore ee Maladaptive Plan (EMSs) oo loo sameeyay fahamka iyo daaweynta dhibaatooyinka waarta ee caafimaadka dhimirka. Asal ahaan, YSQ waxaa soo saaray da 'yar (1990) loogu talagalay daaweynta dabiiciga ah (Schema Therapy), taas oo ah la-qabsashada CBT oo leh aragtiyo laga soo qaatay aragtida ku xirnaanta, qaababka khibradaha leh, iyo fikradaha baahiyaha aasaasiga ah ee shucuurta (Young, 1990). Qaabka salka u ah habka loo soo bandhigayo ayaa soo jeedinaya in qorshayaasha xumaanta loo qaybin karo shan meelood oo guud: (a) goynta / diidmada (shakhsiyaadka leh qorshayaasha degelkan awood uma yeelan karaan inay samaystaan dammaanad ay ku qancaan oo kuwa kale); (b) curyaaminta is-maamul / waxqabad (barnaamijyada ka imanaya degelkan ayaa lagu sifeeyaa shakhsiyaadka leh dhibaatooyinka la xiriira is-shaqsiyan iyo is-maamul); (c) cilladaha xaddidaadda (shakhsiyaadka leh barnaamijyadan degelkan ka jira oo ay ku jiraan dhibaatooyin la xiriira isu-soo-celinta dadka iyo is-edbinta); (d) domain kale oo toos ah (qorsheyaal ka socda aaggan oo lagu sifeeyo shakhsiyaadka si joogto ah u doonaya oggolaanshaha dadka kale); iyo (e) feejignaanta / xakamaynta (shakhsiyaadka leh barnaamijyada ka imanaya degelkan waxay xakameeyaan dareenka iyo kicinta, iyagoo had iyo jeer feejignaada oo feejignaada) Daraasad falanqeyn falanqeyn dhowaan iyo baaxad weyn leh ayaa ku xaqiijisay aagaggan muunad weyn oo isku dhafan (bukaan socod eegto iyo daaweyn aan caafimaad lahayn) (Bach, Lockwood, & Young, 2018). Ilaa hada, daraasad ayaa lagu ogaadey in nidaamyada maladhexaadka ah ee qaabkan la helay ay la xiriirto galmo galmo ragga labka ah ee kacsan ee kuleejku kacsan yahay (Sigre-Leirós, Carvalho, & Nobre, 2013) iyo dembiilayaasha galmada la xukumay (Chakhssi, Ruiter, & Bernstein, 2013). In kasta oo nidaamyadan laxiriira ee la xiriira galmada aan waligood lagu qiimeynin kuwa aan dambi lahayn, hadana waxaan ilaalinaa inay si aad ah ugu habboonaan karaan daraasadda CSBD iyo in dadka qaba CSBD sarreeya ay sidoo kale soo bandhigi doonaan barnaamijyo la xiriira hab-dhaqanno la-qalloocsan oo yar-yar. Marka laga soo tago qorshayaasha laga yaabo inay kula xisaabtamaan farqiga u dhexeeya dembiilayaasha galmada iyo SAs, dhismayaasha kale ee laga yaabo inay soo baxaan waa jihada iyo dareenka raadinta.
Qulqulatada waxaa lagu qeexaa sida ku guuldaraysiga adkeysiga wadista ama soo jiidashada iyada oo aan laga fiirsan natiijooyinka suurta galka ah.Moeller, Barratt, Dougherty, Schmitz, & Swann, 2001). Marka la barbardhigo, raadinta dareenku waa raadinta noocyo kala duwan, sheeko, isku dhafan, iyo waaya aragnimo iyo dareemo, iyo u diyaarsanaanta qaadashada khataraha jireed, bulsho, sharci, iyo dhaqaale dartiis waayo-aragnimadaas oo kale awgeed. Daraasad ayaa shaaca ka qaaday wareegyo isku mid ah oo laxiriira damaca raadinta kicinta iyo ficil ahaan sida ugu dhaqsaha badan (Holmes, Hollinshead, Roffman, Smoller, & Buckner, 2016).
Schiffer iyo Vonlaufen (2011) waxaay ogaatay in dambiilayaasha galmada (faraxumeeyayaasha caruurta) u muuqdeen kuwo si weyn u xamaasad galinaya imtixaanka Go / No-go (qiimeynta dareenka dabeecadda) kaliya marka la barbar dhigo kontaroolada caafimaadka qaba, laakiin sidoo kale in la barbardhigo kuwa geysta dambiyada galmada. Taas bedelkeeda, Ryan, Hus, iyo Scalora (2017) wuxuu helay kala duwanaansho u dhaxaysa 417 dembiileyaal lab ah (293 fal galmood) oo ka baxsan cabbiraadaha guud ee dareenka iyo dareenka raadinta ee aan ahayn mid aan rasmi ahaan ku dhisneyn. Soo jiidashada iyo / ama raadinta dareenka ayaa had iyo jeer xiriir joogta ah la leh CSBD bulshada dhexdeeda. Gaar ahaan, daraasado dhowr ah ayaa helay xiriirro ka dhexeeya CSBD iyo warbixin-is-sheegid ama tallaabooyin la xiriira hawl-karnimoAntons & Brand, 2018; Macdan qode, Raymond, Mueller, Lloyd, & Lim, 2009; Reid et al., 2011; Voon et al., 2014), iyo daraasado kale (Walton, Cantor, Bhullar, & Lykins, 2017, 2018) waxaay ogaadeen in sedex meelood hal meel oo shaqsiyaadka qaba CSBD in ay leeyihiin buundo aan caadi aheyn oo ka sareysa baaxadda caadiga ah. Sababta oo ah dareen soojiidashada iyo dareenka raadinta ayaa si aad ah ugu xidhan yihiin CSBD aadna way ugu yar yihiin dembiga galmada (taas oo keenaysa in aan waxba laga beddelin Ryan et al., 2017), waxaan rumeysanahay in SAs ay lahaan doonaan tiro aad u sareysa oo dareen galnimo iyo rabitaan ka badan kuwa xadgudubka galmada ku gala.
Daraasaddan, waxaan higsaneynaa inaan si qoto dheer u baarno farqiga u dhexeeya dembiilayaasha galmada iyo SAs ee baahsanaanta CSBD, qorshooyinka maladaptive, impulsivity, iyo dareenka raadinta, iyo in qorshooyinka foosha xun, dareenka, iyo dareenka raadinta ay dhab ahaantii ku xiran yihiin CSBD sare. In sidaa la yeelo, waxaan soo qaadnay 103 dambiilayaal galmo ah iyo 69 SAs iyo cabbiraadaha is-sheegashada ee maamul ee CSBD, qorshooyinka la xiriira galmada ee hore ula kaca ah, kacsanaan, iyo dareen raadinta. Si loo barbardhigo sicirka dhismayaashan kaliya maahan labadaan koox, laakiin sidoo kale koox xakameyn ah, waxaan soo qaadnay koox ka kooban 81 dembiilayaal rabshad wata. Isbarbardhigga kooxda xakamaynta (iyo gaar ahaan dambiilayaasha rabshadaha) waa lagama maarmaan sababo dhowr ah awgood: marka hore, in la baaro kala duwanaanshaha CSBD, u janjeera garashada la xiriirta galmada (tusaale ahaan, qorshooyinka la xiriira galmada ee hore ee cillad la'aanta) iyo dhismayaasha la xiriira (dareen diidmo iyo dareen raadinta), waa lagama maarmaan in la ogaado heerka dhismayaashaan ka mid ah kooxda xakamaynta galmada aan la xiriirin. Marka labaad, jagada guud ee suugaanta dambiyada (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990; Lussier, Leclerc, Cale, & Proulx, 2007) waxay qabtaa inay jiraan isku xirnaan xoog leh oo u dhexeeya noocyada kala duwan ee dambiilayaasha (sida dambiilayaasha galmada iyo kuwa aan jinsiga ahayn), taasoo tilmaamaysa inaysan jirin astaamo gaar ah oo loogu talagalay dembiilayaasha galmada (sida ka soo horjeedda saadaashayada iyo astaamaha kale ee soo jeedinaya in galmada. Dembiilayaashu waa “takhasusayaal” waxayna aasaas ahaan ka duwan yihiin dembiileyaasha aan jinsi ahayn; Harris, Mazerolle, & Knight, 2009; Simon, 1997). Tusaale ahaan, taageerida booska guud, dib-u-eegis 10-sano ah oo ku saabsan suugaanta intii u dhaxeysay 1995 ilaa 2005 waxaa lagu ogaaday kala duwanaansho yar oo u dhaxeysa dambiilayaasha galmada iyo kuwa aan galmada aheyn kala duwanaansho aad u fara badan oo ay ka mid yihiin la kulanka rabshadaha qoyska, cilmi nafsiga, isticmaalka daroogada. , cilaaqaadka waalidka, iyo / ama dhibaatooyinka cilaaqaadka asxaabta (van Wijk et al., 2006). Sidaa darteed, waxaa muhiim ah in la baaro kala duwanaanta udhaxeysa galmada iyo kuwa aan galmada aheyn si loo hubiyo in doodahayadu ay si gaar ah ula xiriiraan dambiilayaasha galmada oo aan loo eegin dambiilayaasha gebi ahaanba.
Daraasaddan, waxaan baarnay afarta mala-awaal ee soo socda: (a) Iyadoo la raacayo cilmi-baaristii hore ee ku saabsan baahsanaanta CSBD, waxaan saadaalineynaa in baahsanaanta CSBD ay si weyn oo macno leh uga sarreyso SA marka loo eego galmada iyo dambiilayaasha rabshadaha wata; Heerarka CSBD ayaa la saadaalinayaa inay ka sarreeyaan dambiilayaasha galmada marka loo eego dambiilayaasha rabshadaha wata. (b) Mashruucyada dulqaad la'aanta ayaa si aad ah uga dhex muuqan doona SA marka loo eego kuwa ku xadgudbay galmada iyo rabshadaha; qorshooyinka la xiriira galmada waxaa la saadaalinayaa inay ka dhex muuqdaan dambiilayaasha galmada marka loo eego kuwa xadgudubka geysta. (c) Iyadoo la raacayo cilmi-baaristii hore, kacsanaan iyo dareen raadis ayaa ka sarreyn doona SA marka loo eego galmada iyo dambiilayaasha xadgudubka geysta; kala duwanaansho la'aanta iyo dareenka raadinta lagama filayo inta udhaxeysa galmada iyo dambiilayaasha rabshadaha. (d) Qorshayaasha la xiriira galmada, kacsi la’aanta, iyo dareenka raadinta waxay la xiriiri doonaan heerar sare oo CSBD ah, taasoo muujineysa ku-xirnaanshaha waxyaabahaas is fahamka ah ee fahamka CSBD, iyadoo aan loo eegin koox ahaanshaha.
Kooxda dembiilaha galmada, 106 maxaabiis ayaa lala soo xiriiray kulamada kooxeed si ay uga qeybgalaan cilmi baarista hadda socota, kuwaas oo 103 ka mid ah ay sifiican uga jawaabeen (heerka jawaabta 97%). Kooxda dambiilayaasha rabshadaha, 119 maxaabiis ah ayaa loo soo dhowaaday, kuwaas oo 81 ka mid ahi soo noqdeen hab-raaca imtixaanka oo dhammaystiran (68% heerka jawaabta). Kooxda SA, dhamaan kaqeybgalayaashu waxay soo dhawaadeen borotokool buuxa (68 kaqeybgale; 100% heerka jawaabta). Faahfaahinta sooyaal ahaaneed ee kaqeybgaleyaasha (da'da, tirada carruurta, iyo sannadaha waxbarashada) waxay ka muuqdaan Shaxda 1.
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Jadwalka 1. Macnaheedu, leexashada caadiga ah (SDs), tirakoobka aan kaladuwanayn, iyo cabbirada saamaynta canonical ee lagu baarayo kala duwanaanshaha cabirka asalka u dhexeeya kooxaha daraasadda
| Dembiilayaasha galmada | SA | Dembiilayaasha xadgudubka | F(2, 250) | η2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |||
| Age | 43.57a | 16.59 | 32.26b | 14.98 | 35.67b | 9.98 | 11.08 *** | 0.11 |
| Tirada carruurta | 2.48a | 2.45 | 2.22 | 2.55 | 1.54b | 1.66 | 3.94 * | 0.03 |
| Sanado waxbarasho | 11.78b | 2.47 | 13.58a | 4.04 | 10.76b | 3.06 | 8.11 ** | 0.10 |
Fiiro gaar ah. Waxaa loola jeedaa xarfaha kor ku xusan oo kala duwan aad ayey ugu kala duwan yihiin at p <.05 (tusaale, waxaa loola jeedaa xarafka sare ee "a" way ku kala duwan yihiin at p <.05 kuwa leh xarafka sare "b"). SA: Xubnaha Anonymous Sexaholic.
*p <.05. **p <.01. ***p <.001.
Foomka xogwaraysiga ayaa lagu daabacay nuqulo adag oo ay baarayaan cilmi baarayaasha. Foomka su'aalaha waxaa oggolaaday guddiyada anshax ee hay'adda (guddiyada cilmi-baarista iyo Adeegga Cilmi-baarista Xabsiyada Israel). Marka xigta, foomamka su'aalaha waxaa loo adeegsaday sedex unug oo lagu daaweeyo dembiilaha galmada meelo kala duwan oo juquraafi ah oo kuyaal Israel. Markii cilmi-baarayaashu ay yimaadeen cutubyada daweynta, waxaa la qabtay kulan ballaaran oo lagu soo bandhigayo fikradda cilmibaarista iyo oggolaanshaha guddiyada baarista, oo ay weheliso fursad ay ku weydiiyaan su'aalo, iyo mabaadi'da kaqeybgalka cilmi baarista, kuwaas oo ah magac-bixin la'aanta. iyo xaqa aad u leedahay inaad joojiso ka qaybqaadashada mar kasta adigoon bixin sabab. Daraasada waxaa loo soo bandhigay daraasad ku saabsan dhaqanka galmada. Sidoo kale, su'aalo waydiimaha ayaa sidoo kale loo siiyaa maxaabiista dambiyada dagaalka rabshadaha wata afar qaybood oo daaweyn kala duwan oo Adeegga Xabsiyeedka Israa'il ah, iyagoo raacaya nidaam la mid ah kii unugga dembiilaha galmada.
CSB waxaa lagu qiimeeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo nooca Cibraaniga ah ee I-CSB (Efrati & Mikulincer, 2018). I-CSB waxaa loo dhisay si loo qiimeeyo dhinacyada kala duwan ee CSB, sida khiyaaliga galmada, fikradaha galmada ee qaawan, iyo waqti badan oo aad ku qaadatid daawashada filimada. I-CSB waa su'aal is-weydiin ah oo is-sheegis ah oo leh 24 shey oo cabiraya qodobbada soo socda: cawaaqibyada aan loo baahnayn (tusaale, "Waxaan dareemayaa in riyadayda galmada ay dhaawacayso kuwa igu hareeraysan"), xakameyn la'aan (tusaale, "Waqti badan ayaan ku lumiyaa riyadayda galmada "), saamayn taban (tusaale," Waxaan dareemayaa wax xun markaan maareyn waayo hamigayga galmada)), iyo saameyn ku yeelashada qawaaniinta (tusaale, "Waxaan u jeestay khiyaaliga galmada si aan ula qabsado dhibaatooyinkeyga" ). Iyadoo la adeegsanayo miisaanka 7-dhibcood ee Likert, ka-qaybgalayaasha waxaa la weydiiyay inay qiimeeyaan heerka hadal kastaa u sharraxayo dareenkooda [laga bilaabo 1 (ma ahan) ilaa 7 (aad u badan)]. Foomka xogwaraysiga ayaa si guul leh loogu adeegsaday cilmi baaris hore oo ku saabsan dadyowga aan isbitaalada aheyn iyo dadka ku nool xarumaha bukaan socodka ee barnaamijka bukaan socodka barnaamijka 'Labo iyo toban-tallaabo'Efrati & Gola, 2018, 2019; Efrati & Mikulincer, 2018). Cronbach's αs waxay ahaayeen .93 cawaaqib xumo aan jirin, .94 xakamayn la'aan, .88 waxyeelada xun, iyo .91 ee xakameynta nidaamka. Waxaan sidoo kale isugeynay wadarta dhibcaha CSB annaga oo iskucelcelinay 24 aaladaha I-CSB (Cronbach's α = .97).
YSQ-S3 waa 90-shay is-warbixin oo qiimeynaya 18 EMS-yada. Tarjumaadda Cibraaniga waxaa lagu fuliyay oggolaanshaha Young, Sobel, Faust, Derby, iyo Rafaeli (2010). Qorshayaasha waxaa loo qeybiyay shan meelood oo guud: (a) kala-goynta iyo diidmada (oo ay ka mid yihiin ka tagid / xasillooni darro, kalsooni darro / xadgudub, niyad jab, cillad / ceeb, iyo go'doominta bulshada / shisheeyaha), (b) madaxbannaanida iyo waxqabadka (oo ay ku jirto ku tiirsanaanta) / karti la'aan, u nuglaanta waxyeellada- ama jirro, cadowtinimo / is-horumarin la'aan, iyo qorshooyinka fashilaadda), (c) xaddidaad liidata (oo ay ka mid tahay xaq u lahaanshaha / weynaanta iyo is-xakamaynta / is-edbinta aan ku filneyn), (d) tilmaamid kale (waxaa ka mid ah hoos-u-dhigid, is-hurid, iyo oggolaansho raadin / aqoonsi raadinta qorshooyin), iyo (e) feejignaan iyo xakameyn (oo ay ka mid yihiin diidmo / rajo xumo, xakameyn shucuur, heerar aan kala joogsi lahayn / sarbeebayn, iyo qorshooyin ciqaabeed). Cronbach α qiimayaasheeda hoose waxay u dhaxeeyaan .73 ilaa .88.
Zuckerman (1979) Dareenka Codsiga Su'aalaha waxaa loo dhisay in lagu cabiro heerka baahida loo qabo dareenka iyo kasbashada, baahida loo qabo dareenka iyo khibradaha cusub, xadka caajisnimada, rabitaanka qatarta, iyo ujeedka dabeecada aan la xakameyn. Noocan 40-ka qaybood ah, kaqeybgalayaasha waxaa laga codsanayaa inay calaamadeeyaan heerka ay ku raacsan yihiin shayga cabirkiisu 7-dhibic [oo ka bilaabmaya 1 (XNUMXha oggolaan gebi ahaanba) ilaa 7 (gabi ahaanba ku raacsanahay)]. Daraasaddan, waxaan adeegsannay 19 waxyaabood, kuwaas oo ka kooban miisaammada lagu cabiro dareenka iyo rabitaanka dareenka. Iskucelcelinta dhammaan walxaha cabbir kasta waa natiijada ka qeybqaataha, oo leh dhibco sare oo muujinaya heerar sare oo ah rabitaan iyo dareen raadis. Daraasaddan, Cronbach's α wuxuu ahaa .80 oo loogu talagalay cabbirka dareenka iyo .82 ee cabbirka dareenka-raadinta.
Habka daraasadda iyo qalabka (foomka su'aalaha iyo foomka oggolaanshaha ee la wargeliyey) waxaa loo gudbiyay guddiga dib-u-eegista Beit-Berl (IRB) iyo guddiga baaritaanka Adeegga Xabsiga ee Israel (lambarka go'aanka: 47683817), oo anshax ahaan ku oggolaaday daraasadda. Maxaabiistu waxay saxeexeen heshiisyada kaqeybgalka Adeegga Xabsiga ee Israel taasoo qayb ka ah shuruudaha guddiga anshaxa iyo foomka oggolaanshaha ee la wargeliyey. Marka laga hadlayo kooxda SA, su’aalo-waydiimaha ayaa loo maamulay si shaqsiyan ah, cilmibaadhistu sidoo kale waxay ku nuuxnuuxsatay astaan-gelinta nidaamka iyo xorriyadda lagu joojiyo ka-qaybgalka wakhti kasta.
Si loo baaro kala duwanaanshaha da'da, tirada carruurta, iyo sannadaha waxbarashada udhaxeeya kooxaha daraasadaha, waxaan sameynay taxane taxane ah oo ku saabsan kala duwanaanshaha kooxda (maxaabiista dambiilayaasha, xubnaha SA, maxaabiista rabshadaha maxaabiista) sida isbadal doonka ah. Tilmaamaha, leexashada heerka, tirakoobka, iyo cabirka saamaynta ayaa lagu soo bandhigay Jadwalka 1. Muhiimadda falanqeynta ka dambeysa hoc waxaa ku hagaajiyay sixitaanka Sidak.
Falanqayntu waxay muujisay kala duwanaansho muhiim ah dhammaan tallaabooyinka. Gaar ahaan, dembiilayaasha galmada waxay ka da 'weynaayeen SAs iyo dambiilayaasha rabshadaha, waxayna leeyihiin carruur ka badan kuwa xadgudubka gaystay (laakiin aan ahayn SAs). SAs waxay ka aqoon badnaayeen kuwa xadgudubka galmada iyo rabshadaha wata.
Marka xigta, waxaan baarnay farqiga u dhexeeya heerka qoyska ee u dhexeeya kooxaha daraasadda annaga oo adeegsanayna χ2 Tijaabinta madax-bannaanida tallaabooyinka leh imtixaanka saxda ah ee Fisher si loo qiyaaso muhiimadda. Waxaan ogaanay in furitaanka furiinka uu aad uga sarreeyay dambiilayaasha galmada (37.4%) marka loo eego SAs (4.5%) ama dambiilayaasha xadgudubka (11.1%), χ2(4) = 31.91, p <.001.
Si loo baaro kala duwanaanshaha kooxaha CSB (cawaaqib xumada la xariirta galmada, saameyn xun, xakameyn la'aan, iyo saameyn ku yeelashada dysregulation), waxaan sameynay falanqeyn guud oo ku saabsan kala duwanaanshaha (MANOVA) koox (maxaabiista dambiilayaasha, xubnaha SA, maxaabiista rabshadaha maxaabiista) sida isbedelka madax-bannaan, oo ay ku xigto falanqaynta midab-kala-sooca (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan canonical regression) si loo baaro awooda qaraabo ee kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya kooxaha. Jidadka, leexashada heerka, tirakoobka aan kala sooca lahayn, iyo cabbirada saameynta isuganeed ayaa lagu soo bandhigay Jadwalka 2. Muhiimadda falanqeynta ka dambeysa hoc waxaa ku hagaajiyay sixitaanka Sidak.
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Jadwalka 2. Macnaheedu, leexashada caadiga ah (SDs), tirakoobka aan kaladuwanayn, iyo cabbirada saamaynta canonical ee lagu baaro kala duwanaanshaha dhaqanka qasabka ah ee galmada ee u dhexeeya kooxaha daraasadda
| Dembiilayaasha galmada | SA | Dembiilayaasha xadgudubka | F(2, 250) | β | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |||
| Cawaaqib aan la rabin | 2.19a | 1.20 | 5.18b | 1.34 | 1.63c | 0.98 | 195.11 *** | 0.89 |
| Saameyn taban | 3.06a | 2.00 | 5.88b | 1.27 | 2.41c | 1.60 | 86.67 *** | 0.59 |
| Xakameyn la'aan | 2.08a | 0.99 | 4.75b | 1.66 | 1.80a | 0.98 | 135.79 *** | 0.74 |
| Saamayn ku yeelashada disha | 2.03a | 1.17 | 4.99b | 1.59 | 1.53c | 0.68 | 185.41 *** | 0.86 |
Fiiro gaar ah. Waxaa loola jeedaa xarfaha kor ku xusan oo kala duwan aad ayey ugu kala duwan yihiin at p <.05 (tusaale, waxaa loola jeedaa xarafka sare ee "a" way ku kala duwan yihiin at p <.05 kuwa leh xarafka sare "b"). SA: Xubnaha Anonymous Sexaholic.
***p <.001.
Falanqayntu waxay muujisay in kooxda daraasadda sameysay ay si weyn ugu kala duwan yihiin qodobka 'CST', Pillai's t = 0.68, F(8, 496) = 31.65, p <.0001. Gaar ahaan, falanqaynta ayaa muujisay in xubnaha SA ay si aad ah oo macno leh uga sarreeyaan dhibcaha CSB marka loo eego galmada iyo / ama dembiilayaasha gardarrada ah. Dembiilayaasha galmada waxay si aad ah uga sarreeyaan cawaaqib xumo aan la rabin oo la xiriirta galmo, saameyn taban, waxayna saameyn ku yeelataa sicir-bararka marka loo eego dambiilayaasha rabshadaha wata. Jinsiga iyo dembiilayaasha gardarrada ah kuma kala duwanaan xakameyn la'aanta la xiriirta galmada. Guud ahaan, kala duwanaanshaha ugu xoogan ayaa ka soo ifbaxay cawaaqib xumo aan la rabin oo la xiriirta galmada waxayna saameyn ku yeelataa habdhaqanka.
Si loo baaro xasilloonida natiijooyinka, waxaan raacnay falanqeyntu annagoo falanqeyn ku sameynay isku-duubnaan isku-dhafan (MANCOVA) oo aan sidoo kale u xakameynay ku-biirinta da'da, tirada carruurta, sannadaha waxbarashada, iyo xaaladda qoyska. Natiijooyin lamid ah ayaa la helay.
Marka xigta, waxaan qabanay χ2 falanqaynta madax-bannaanida tallaabooyinka (oo leh imtixaanka saxda ah ee Fisher si loo qiyaaso muhiimadda) si loo baaro kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya kooxaha daraasadda ee ku baahsan CSB. Baadhitaannadii waxay muujiyeen in halka 81.2% SAs-ku ay haysteen xarun caafimaad (CSB), kaliya 5.8% dambiilayaasha galmada iyo 2.5% dambiilayaasha rabshadaha wata ayaa leh xarun caafimaad, χ2(2) = 156.95, psax <.0001.
Si loo baaro kala duwanaanshaha EMS-yada (xariga iyo diidmada, madax-bannaanida iyo karti-darrida, xaddidyo xaddidan, hagitaan kale, kormeer, iyo xaddidid), waxaan ku sameynay MANOVA koox (dembiileyaasha galmada, maxaabiista SA, iyo rabshadaha) Dembiilayaashu maxaabiista) ayaga oo ah isbadal madax-bannaan, waxaana ku xiga falanqaynta midabtakoorka si loo baaro awooda qaraabo ee kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya kooxaha. Jidadka, leexashada heerka, tirakoobka aan kala sooca lahayn, iyo cabbirada saameynta isuganeed ayaa lagu soo bandhigay Shaxda 3. Muhiimadda falanqeynta ka dambeysa hoc waxaa ku hagaajiyay sixitaanka Sidak.
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Jadwalka 3. Macnaheedu, leexashada caadiga ah (SDs), tirakoob aan kala go 'lahayn, iyo cabbirada saamaynta canonical ee lagu baarayo kala duwanaanshaha barnaamijyada maladaptive hore, raadinta dareenka, iyo soo jiidashada u dhaxaysa kooxaha daraasadda
| Dembiilayaasha galmada | SA | Dembiilayaasha xadgudubka | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | F(2, 250) | β | |
| Kala goynta iyo diidmada | 2.44a | 1.01 | 3.59b | 1.22 | 2.04a | 0.78 | 36.09 *** | 0.57 |
| Madax-bannaanida iyo waxqabadka | 1.97a | 0.87 | 2.98b | 1.18 | 1.81a | 0.69 | 27.35 *** | 0.49 |
| Xadka xaddidan | 2.61a | 0.87 | 4.14b | 1.02 | 2.47a | 0.95 | 56.76 *** | 0.71 |
| Jihayn kale | 2.84a | 0.87 | 3.91b | 0.93 | 2.61a | 0.95 | 33.40 *** | 0.55 |
| Kordhinta iyo xakamaynta | 2.94a | 0.86 | 3.78b | 1.02 | 2.84a | 1.02 | 16.82 *** | 0.39 |
| Dareenka raadinta | 4.74a | 3.42 | 6.07b | 3.72 | 4.18a | 2.93 | 4.76 * | 0.20 |
| Saameyn la'aan | 1.80a | 1.82 | 3.82b | 2.11 | 1.07c | 1.18 | 38.17 *** | 0.58 |
Fiiro gaar ah. Waxaa loola jeedaa xarfaha kor ku xusan oo kala duwan aad ayey ugu kala duwan yihiin at p <.05 [tusaale, waxaa loola jeedaa xarafka sare ee "a" way ku kala duwan yihiin at p <.05 kuwa leh xarafka sare (b) "b" iyo / ama "c"]. SA: Xubnaha Anonymous Sexaholic.
*p <.05. ***p <.001.
Falanqayntu waxay muujisay in xubnaha SA ay leeyihiin dhibco aad u sarreeya oo macno leh xagga EMS-yada (kala goynta iyo diidmada, madax-bannaanida liita iyo waxqabadka, xaddidaadda daciifka ah, jiheyn kale, ilaalin, iyo xakameyn) marka loo eego dembiilayaasha galmada iyo rabshadaha iyo sidoo kale heerar sare oo ah dareenka raadinta iyo khayaano. Dembiilayaasha galmada waxay si aad ah uga sarreeyaan kaamilnimada xadgudbaha. Kala duwanaanshaha kale muhiim ma ahayn. Si loo baaro xasilloonida natiijooyinka, waxaan raacnay falanqeyno la sameeyay oo ah MANCOVA kaas oo aan sidoo kale u xakameynay ku-biirinta da'da, tirada carruurta, sannadaha waxbarashada, iyo xaaladda qoyska. Natiijooyin lamid ah ayaa la helay.
Si dib loogu eego mala-awaalka ah in EMS-yada, dareenka raadinta, iyo soo-jiidashada ay la xiriirto CSB, iyo in la baaro haddii ururada ka dhexeeya dhismooyinkan ay ku kala duwan yihiin kooxaha daraasadda (maxaabiista dambiilayaasha, xubnaha SA, iyo maxaabiista xadgudubka rabshadaha), waxaan ku qiyaasnay moodal isleegyo qaab-dhismeedka qaab-dhismeedka badan. isticmaalka MPlus (Muthén & Muthén, 1998–2010). Sababtoo ah isku xirnaanta sare ee udhaxeysa EMS-yada (rs> .75) iyo inta udhaxeysa dareenka raadinta iyo dareenka (r = .53), waxaan isticmaalnay seddex arrimood oo qarsoodi ah: mid afartii dhismo ee CSB ay ku rarnaayeen, mid shanta EMSs ay ku rarnaayeen, iyo mid dareen raadis iyo dareen diidmo ah lagu raray. Marka xigta, waxaan ku qiyaasnay laba nooc. Midka koowaad, waddooyinka udhaxeeya EMS-yada, dareenka raadinta, iyo shucuur la'aanta iyo CSB ayaa si xor ah loogu qiyaasay koox kasta, iyo tan labaad oo wadooyin la mid ah koox kasta lagu qasbay inay siman yihiin. Muhiim ah χ2 tijaabada farqiga u dhexeeya labadan moodel waxay muujineysaa habab kaladuwan koox kasta oo daraasad sameysa. Moodooyinka noocan ah ayaa noo oggolaanaya inaan xaqiijinno xiriirka mala-awaalka ee u dhexeeya barnaamijyada la xiriira galmada iyo CSBD, kaasoo aan laga baarin illaa iyo hadda kuwa aan dambiilayaasha ahayn, iyo inaan baarno haddii dareenka raadinta iyo soo jiidashadu ay la xiriirto CSBD weyn.
Qaabka bilaashka ah ee lagu qiyaasey inuu haysto mid kufiican, isbarbardhiga isbarbardhiga isbarbardhiga = 0.95, Tucker – Lewis index = 0.94, cillad isweydaarsiga labajibaaran ee isugeynta = 0.05 (Jaantus 1). Qaabku wuxuu shaaca ka qaaday in laxidhiidho koox kasta oo daraasad sameysa, inay aad u badantahay nidaamyada hore, CSB (β = 0.43) ee dambiileyaasha galmada, β = 0.49 ee SAs, iyo β = 0.45 ee dambiilayaasha xadgudubka, dhammaantood ps <.001). Ma jiro farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya kooxaha, Δχ2(2) = 0.5, p = .78. Taa bedelkeeda, qodobka dareenka raadinta iyo shucuur la'aanta lama xiriirin CSB mid ka mid ah kooxaha (β = 0.01 ee dembiilayaasha galmada, β = 0.11 ee SAs, iyo β = -0.23 ee dembiilayaasha rabshadaha, dhammaantood ps > .42) Guud ahaan, qaabku wuxuu sharraxay 18.5% ee kala duwanaanshaha CSB ee dambiilayaasha galmada, 30.6% SA, iyo 20.0% ee dambiilayaasha rabshadaha.
Jaantus 1. Xiriirinta udhaxeeya barnaamijyada hore ee maladaptive (EMSs), dareenka raadinta, iyo soo jiidashada iyo dhaqanka galmada qasabka ah (CSB) ee ku saabsan dambiilayaasha galmada (Gudiga a), SAs (Gudiga b), iyo dambiilayaasha xadgudbaha (Gudiga c). Natiijooyinka ayaa tilmaamaya iyada oo aan loo eegin koox ahaan, in ay sii badato hab-dhiska nidaamyada hore, ay ka sarreyso dabeecadda galmada ee khasabka ah
Daraasaddan, waxaan ugu talogalnay inaan si qoto dheer u baarno farqiyada u dhexeeya dembiilayaasha galmada iyo SAs ee CSBD iyo geedi socodka laga yaabo inay udub dhexaadka u yihiin barnaamijka 'CSBD' - maladaptive schemas, impulsivity, iyo dareenka raadinta. Natiijooyinka ayaa muujinaya natiijooyin dhowr ah oo leh saameyn toos ah oo xagga caafimaadka ah oo ku saabsan qiimeynta iyo daaweynta dambiilayaasha galmada. Marka hore, CSB ee ku saabsan dambiilayaasha galmada, in kasta oo ay si muuqata u muuqato, waxay umuuqataa inay saameyn ku yeelanayso oo keliya tiro yar, oo aad u yar, kaqaybgalayaasha tirada yar. Natiijadan oo kale waxay lamid tahay tii daraasadihii hore (Taariikhda, 2012; Hanson et al., 2007; Kingston & Bradford, 2013); in kasta oo muunadda hadda jirta, fiditaanku u muuqan lahaa xitaa inuu ka hooseeyo sidii hore lagu qiyaasay. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, qiimayaasha CSBD ee dembiilayaasha galmada waxay la mid ahaayeen kuwii xadgudubka rabshadaha muujinaya in dambiilayaasha galmada aaney aqbalin heerarka sare ee CSBD marka loo eego kontaroolada. In kasta oo ay taasi jirto, adeegsiga tirakoobka I-CSB wuxuu awood u siiyey isfaham qoto dheer oo ku saabsan qaybaha kala duwan ee CSB ee SAs, kuwa xadgudubka galmada, iyo dambiilayaasha xadgudubka. Gaar ahaan, kooxda dembiilaha galmada waxay muujiyeen dhibaatooyin dheeri ah sida loola tacaali karo cawaaqib xumada dhaqankooda, saameyn xun, iyo saameynta dysregulation marka loo eego dembiilayaasha rabshadaha (in kastoo heerarkan oo dhan ay yihiin kuwo hoosaad). Waa in la ogaadaa in kooxda dembiilaha galmada laga soo xulay saddex qaybood oo daaweyn kala duwan ah sidaas awgeedna laga yaabo in dembiga iyo ceebta hareeraha dabeecadaha galmada la fili karo. Si kastaba ha noqotee, mid ka mid ah magacyada horseedyada xadgudubka galmada (qaabka is-xakameynta ee Ward, Hudson, & Keenan, 1998) meelaha xun xun, saamaynayaan nabaad-guurka, iyo ceebta dambiga ee xudunta ah ee geedi socodka dembiga galmada laba ka mid ah afarta wadooyin ee kaladuwan, iyo natiijooyinka hada jira waxay taageeri doonaan sii wadista adeegsiga tusaalaha noocan ah ee sharaxaada iyo la shaqeynta dambiileyaasha galmada. .
Iyadoo taas la sheegayo, baahinta CSBD ee ku aaddan dambiilayaasha galmada ma ahan mid ka yar tan SAs. Mid ka mid ah sababaha suurta galka ah ee kala duwanaanshahan ayaa ah heerarka aadka u sarreeya ee geedi socodka ka hooseeya CSBD - nidaamyada maladaptive, jiidashada iyo dareenka raadinta - ka mid ah kuwa loo yaqaan 'SAs' marka loo eego dembiilayaasha galmada. Taageerida dooddan waa xiriirka cad ee ka dhexeeya EMS-yada iyo CSB dhammaan seddexda koox. Xiriirka noocan oo kale ah waxaa loo aasaasay kooxo aan-rugo caafimaad ahayn (tusaale ahaan, Roemmele & Messman-Moore, 2011 waxay heshay xiriir cad oo ka dhexeeya EMS-yada ee haweenka kulleejada ah iyo dabeecadaha galmada ee khatarta ah, iyo sidoo kale haweenka la halgama la qabsiga galmada (McKeague, 2014). Sidaa daraadeed, sababta oo ah nidaamyada iskuqasnaanta ayaa si weyn loola xiriiriyaa CSBD, iyo sababta oo ah waxay si aad ah ugu badan yihiin SAs, kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya kooxaha heerarka CSBD ma ahan wax la yaab leh. Waxaa xusid mudan, la'aanta kala duwanaanshaha weyn ee heerarka CSBD ee bukaannada xadgudubka galmada iyo rabshadaha ayaa loo aanayn karaa isla sababtan - la'aanta kala duwanaashaha barnaamijyada galmada la xiriira ee hore ee kooxaha - iyagoo taageeraya mowqifka guud ee suugaanta dambiga.Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990; Lussier et al., 2007) iyo ka soo horjeedda mowqifka "takhasusleyaasha", ugu yaraan laxiriira fahamka qalloocan ee galmada iyo dambiilayaasha aan jinsiga ahayn (Harris et al., 2009; Simon, 1997).
Marka la eego daaweynta, waxay noqon kartaa kiiska in isticmaalka daaweynta dabiiciga ah ay noqon karto xiriir muhiim ah daaweynta labada qof ee qaba CSBs iyo dambiilayaasha galmada. Cilmi baaristu waxay sheegaysaa in beegsashada qodobbada halista gaarka ah ee la yaqaan iyadoo la adeegsanayo qaababka garashada-habdhaqanka ay wax ku ool u tahay yaraynta soo-noqodka ka dhex dhaca dambiilayaasha galmada (tusaale ahaan, Yates, 2013). Habka cad ee ku saleysan xirfadaha ayaa lagu talinayaa si loogu oggolaado kaqeybgalayaashu daaweynta si ay u beddelaan garashada, saameynta, iyo dabeecadda taas oo ah kuwa ku xirnaa dhaqankooda dhaqancelinta. In kasta oo suugaanta ay tilmaamtay muhiimadda ay leedahay beegsashada barnaamijyada daaweynta galmada (Beech et al., 2013; Maruna & Mann, 2006; Yates, 2013), cilmi baarista hadda jirta waxay ku sii kordhineysaa aqoonta jirta iyadoo soo jeedineysa xiriir toos ah oo ka dhexeeya aaminsanaanta hore iyo dhinacyada CSBs. Fikradaha akhlaaqda xadgudubka galmada badiyaa waxay muujiyaan u janjeerida xadgudbaha inay "iska cafiyaan" dhibanayaashooda (tusaale ahaan, Knight & Prentky's, 1990 taxonomy ee dembiilayaasha galmada ilmaha) ama wadaagga xumaanta isqarxinta dhexdooda (Hanson & Morton-Bourgon, 2005). Daraasadda hadda socota waxay soo jeedin laheyd in daaweynta daaweyntu ay ka dhaceyso EMS-yada, gaar ahaan kuwa saameyn ku leh awoodda lagu raaxeysto xiriirada dhow, waxay noqon karaan qeyb muhiim ah oo daaweynta ah.
Tusaale ahaan, moodeel si aad ah loo isticmaalo oo ku saabsan habdhaqanka galmada oo leh daaweyn cad oo daaweyn ah, nooca Nolosha Wanaagsan (Ward & Gannon, 2006; Willis, Yates, Gannon, & Ward, 2013), macno u yeelan kara xiriirka noocan ah. Qaabka ayaa soo jeedinaya in galmada la sharxi karo marka ay jirto wax qalloocan oo ah raadinta alaabooyinka aasaasiga ah, alaabada ay bini aadamka oo dhami ay raadinayaan. Alaabtan waxaa ka mid ah isku xirnaanshaha, bulshada farxadda, heer sare, hay'ad, iyo nolosha (oo ay ku jiraan nolol caafimaad leh, firfircoonaanta jirka iyo qanacsanaanta galmada). Khaladaadka moodeelka ayaa ku jiri kara labada qaab ee loo adeegsado helitaanka badeecadaha aasaasiga ah, iyo sidoo kale diiradda la saarayo sidii loo heli lahaa xaddiga aad u kooban oo ah alaabooyinka aasaasiga ah. Tusaale ahaan baaxadda qalloocsan ee badeecadaha aasaasiga ah waxay noqon kartaa doorbidinta helitaanka farxad ama qanacsi galmo, iyada oo aan wax dan ah laga helin helitaanka alaabta la xiriirta ama hay'ad (taasoo sharxi karta u janjeerayaasha dhibka galmada). Qaabka Nolol Wanaagsan micnaheedu maahan inuu sharraxaad ka bixinayo curyaannimada noocaas ah, laakiin cilmi-baarista hadda jirta waxay ku dareyneysaa fahamkeenna horumarka iyo dayactirka alaabada noocan ah ee qalloocan. Gaar ahaan, qorshooyinka diidmada iyo kala goynta ayaa ka horjoogsanaya awoodda sameynta diiran, isku soo dhawaansho, iyo aaminaadda xiriirka dadka waaweyn, kordhinta suurtagalnimada sameynta diiradda kaliya ee qanacsanaanta galmada, iyada oo aan dan ka laheyn dhinacyada ballaaran ee xiriirka. Adigoo diirada la saarayo nidaamkan qaaska ah ee qorsheynta waxay bixin kartaa wax ka qabad daaweyn wax ku ool ah oo kordhinta baaxadda alaabta aasaasiga ah iyo kor u qaadista xirfadaha si loogu habeeyo iyaga.
In kasta oo fikradaheena ugu weyn la taageeray, daraasadda waxay leedahay dhowr xadidan oo u baahan in la qaddariyo. Daraasaddu waa mid isku xidhan, taas oo meesha ka saareysa awoodda lagu go’aamiyo sababaha keenaya kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya SAs, galmada, iyo dambiilayaasha xadgudubka, iyo isku xirka u dhexeeya barnaamijyada maladaptive, kicinta iyo dareenka raadinta, iyo CSB. Intaa waxaa u dheer, tirada cilmi baaristu waxay iskumid ahayd iyo dhaqan gaar ah - Israelis. Daraasadaha mustaqbalka waa inay baaraan dadyow kala duwan oo qowmiyadeed iyo dhaqan ah si loo hubiyo karti-u-yeelashada iyo guud-ahaanshaha natiijooyinka.
In kasta oo ay xadidan tahay daraasaddan, waxaan u aragnaa daraasaddan mid muhiim u ah fahamka dembiga galmada iyo kala sooca dadka qaba CSB. Daraasadda ayaa sidoo kale u furtay goobo cusub oo waxqabadyo daaweyn ah oo loogu talagalay labadaba SA iyo dambiilayaasha galmada.
YE iyo OS waxay gacan ka geysteen fikradda iyo naqshada. OS waxay gacan ka geysteen ururinta xogta. RE waxay soo jeedisay in lagu daro isugeynta aragtida sheekada. YE wuxuu gacan ka geystey falanqaynta tirakoobka, soojeedinta fikrada, aqriyay oo dib u eegtay qoraalka qoraalka kahor soo gudbinta.
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