XUSUUS: Daraasad cusub oo maskaxda lagu sameeyo isbarbardhiga arrimaha cad ee galmada / galmada galmada (CSBD) kontaroolada la soo sheegay faraqa u dhexeeya farqiga u dhexeeya kontaroolada iyo maaddooyinka CSB:
Tani waa mid ka mid ah daraasadihii ugu horreeyay ee DTI ee lagu qiimeeyo kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya bukaanada leh Qalalaasaha Dabeecadaha Isku Galmoodka ee Isku qasbay iyo kantaroolka caafimaadka leh. Falanqeynteena waxay daaha ka rogtay hoos u dhigida FA-da ee lix gobol oo maskaxda ah maadooyinka CSBD, marka la barbar dhigo kontaroolada. Wadooyinka kala duwanaanta waxaa laga helay cerebellum (waxaa suuragal ah inay qaybo ka mid ah isla mareenka ku jiraan maskaxda), qaybta dib u noqoshada ee kaabsoolka gudaha, koritaanka sare ee corona iyo dhexda ama dhinaca dambe ee dhinaca dambe.
Natiijooyinka daraasaddeenna waxay soo jeedinayaan in CSBD ay wadaagaan qaab isku mid ah cilladaha leh OCD iyo qabatinka labadaba.
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- 1 Machadka Cilmi-nafsiga, Machadka Sayniska ee Sayniska, Warsaw, Poland
- 2 Kulliyadda cilmu-nafsiga, Jaamacadda SWPS ee Cilmiga Bulshada iyo Dadnimada, Warsaw, Poland
- 3 Shaybaarka Sawirka Maskaxda, Xarunta Neurobiology, Machadka Nencki ee Bayolojiga Tijaabada, Akadamiyada Sayniska ee Polish, Warsaw, Poland
- 4 Machadka Cilmi-baarista Sawirka Biomedical, Xarunta Caafimaadka ee Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, USA
- 5 Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Machadka Xisaabinta Neural, Jaamacadda California San Diego, San Diego, USA
aan la taaban karin
Taariikhda iyo ujeeddooyinka
In kasta oo Ciladda Dabeecadda Isku-qasnaanta Galmada (CSBD) lagu daray ICD-11 iyada oo hoos timaad qaybta xakamaynta kicinta ee 2019, farsamooyinkeeda neerfaha weli waa laga doodayaa. Cilmi-baarayaashu waxay xuseen isku mid ahaanshaha qabatinka iyo Qalalaasaha Isku-buuqa (OCD). Ujeeddada daraasaddeennu waxay ahayd in wax laga qabto su'aashan iyada oo la baarayo qaabka cilladaha maskaxda ee cilladaha maskaxda ee bukaannada CSBD.
Dariiqooyinka
Dib-u-eegista 39 daabacaadood oo ku saabsan Sawirka Sawirka 'Diffusion Tensor Imaging' (DTI) waxaan ogaanay cilladaha ugu waaweyn ee u gaarka ah balwadaha iyo OCD. Intii aan ka soo uruurinnay xogta DTI ee ragga ragga ah ee ragga iyo dumarka ah ee laga helay CSBD iyo 36 waxay la mid yihiin kontoroollo caafimaad qaba. Natiijooyinkan ayaa markaa la barbardhigay qabatinka iyo qaababka OCD.
Natiijooyinka
Marka loo barbardhigo xakamaynta, shakhsiyaadka CSBD waxay muujiyeen hoos u dhac anisotropy ah (FA) oo ku saabsan marinka sare ee loo yaqaan 'corona radiata tract', marinka kaabsoolka gudaha, marinnada 'cerebellar tract' iyo 'occipital gyrus white'. Waxa xiisaha lihi, dhammaan gobolladan waxaa sidoo kale lagu aqoonsaday daraasadihii hore sida loo wadaago DTI isku xirnaanta OCD iyo qabatinka labadaba.
Wadahadal iyo gabagabo
Natiijooyinka daraasaddeenna waxay soo jeedinayaan in CSBD ay wadaagaan qaab isku mid ah cilladaha leh OCD iyo qabatinka labadaba. Sida mid ka mid ah daraasadii ugu horreysay ee DTI marka la barbardhigo kala duwanaanshaha maskaxda ee qaabdhismeedka u dhexeeya CSBD, balwadaha iyo OCD, in kasta oo ay muujineyso dhinacyada cusub ee CSBD, kuma filna in la go'aamiyo in CSBD u egtahay balwad badan ama OCD. Cilmi-baaris dheeri ah, gaar ahaan isbarbardhiga tooska ah ee shakhsiyaadka leh dhammaan saddexda cudur ayaa laga yaabaa inay bixiyaan natiijooyin badan
Hordhac
Cilladaha Dabeecadaha Isku Galmoodka ah ee Isku-qasnaanta (CSBD) oo ay soo bandhigtay Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO) ee daabacaadda 11-aad ee Qeybinta Cudurrada Caalamiga ah (ICD-11) waa cilad maskaxeed oo lagu garto ku-celis soo noqnoqosho ah oo looga hortago dhiirrigelinta howlaha galmada. Ugu horreyntii, waxqabadyadan ayaa abaalmarin u leh bukaanka, laakiin in yar ka dib waxay noqdaan kuwo waxyeello leh oo aan shaqeynin, taasoo keenta heer sare oo culeys shaqsiyeed. Si loo buuxiyo shuruudaha lagu ogaanayo CSBD, bukaanku waa inuu muujiyaa astaamaha kor lagu soo sheegay ugu yaraan 6 bilood, baaritaanna lama sameyn karo haddii aan la soo sheegin wax dhibaato ah oo noloshiisa gaarka ah ama haddii dhibaatadu ay la xiriirto kaliya xukunka anshaxa iyo diidmada dhaqanka galmada, waayo tusaale ahaan, oo ku saleysan diin / caqiido caqiido (Kraus et al., 2018; YAA, 2019). Shuruudaha CSBD ee ay soo bandhigtay WHO ee fidinta balaaran waxay ku saleysneyd shuruudaha xanuunka 'hypersexual disorder' (HD) oo ay soo jeediyeen Kafka (2010) tixgelinta qaybta ciladaha galmada ee DSM-V. Sidoo kale HD, CSBD waxaa loo fahmay inuu yahay cilad rabitaan galmo oo aan qasab ahayn oo leh dareen diidmo, oo u eg qabatin, laakiin si ka duwan HD, CSBD waxay ka tagtaa shuruudaha cadaadiska iyo xakamaynta shucuurta (u eg OCD) (falanqaynta faahfaahsan eeg: Gola iyo al., 2020).
WHO ayaa ku sifeysay CSBD (ICD-11) inay tahay cilad xakameyn kicineed, laakiin qaabka qasabka ah ayaa lagu daray magaca cudurka. Nasiib darrose, nooca khalkhalka xakamaynta kicinta ayaa ah mid aad u ballaadhan xuduudihiisana aan si qayaxan loo qeexi karin, taas oo ka dhigaysa kala-soocidda CSBD mawduuca doodda sii socota, iyada oo xuddun u ah su'aasha ah in astaamaha CSBD ay yihiin kuwo qasab ah ama khasab ku ah dabeecadooda, ama haddii CSBD halkii loo tixgelin lahaa muujinta qabatinka dabeecadda (tusaale, Bőthe et al., 2019; Gola et al., 2017; Griffiths, 2016; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016; Kühn & Gallinat, 2016; Potenza, Gola, Voon, Kor, & Kraus, 2017; Yar, 2008) ama nooc kale oo jirro maskaxeed. Markaad ku doodeyso inay la mid tahay balwadda, cilmi baarayaashu badanaa waxay sheegaan habab rabitaan iyo damac firfircoonaan galmo (Gola & Draps, 2018; Gola et al., 2017; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Kowalewska et al., 2018; Voon et al., 2014), dulqaadka sii kordhaya iyo kor u qaadista astaamaha, sidaas awgeed waa nooc ku tiirsanaanta walaxda (Reid iyo al., 2012; Wordecha iyo al., 2018), iyo cilladda ka bixitaanka (Garcia & Thibaut, 2010). Dhinaca kale, CSBD sidoo kale waxaa lala barbardhigaa Cudurka Dabeecadda (OCD), maadaama ay soo bandhigi karto wareegyo fikrado taban, feker xumo leh oo ay weheliyaan qasab, sida cibaadooyinka, dabeecadaha soo noqnoqda ee yareeya xiisadda ka dhalata fikradaha xasaasiga ah, ku hawlan ka hortagga ama yaree walwalka ama walaaca (Deacon & Abramowitz, 2005; Fineberg et al. 2014). Dabeecadaha galmada waxaa laga yaabaa inay door ka ciyaaraan istiraatiijiyadaha la-qabsiga ee xakamaynta shucuurta (Lew-Starowicz, Lewczuk, Nowakowska, Kraus, & Gola, 2020) Sida laga soo xigtay Coleman iyo asxaabta (2003), Bukaannada CSBD waxay la kulmaan fikrado soo noqnoqda oo ku saabsan dabeecadda galmada oo sababa xiisad (waswaas), iyo ku lug leh dabeecado galmo oo qasab ah si loo yareeyo xiisaddan (Coleman, Raymond, & McBean, 2003). Sidan oo kale, dhaqanka galmada waxaa loo fahmi karaa inuu yahay muujinta qasabka (Mick & Hollander, 2006) iyo dhaqanka galmada wuxuu door ka ciyaaraa istiraatiijiyadda xeerarka shucuurta (Kafka, 2010; Macdanta, Dickenson, & Coleman, 2019; Reid & Kafka, 2014). Waqtigan xaadirka ah shaqadan la qabsiga waa mawduuc looga hadlayo macnaha guud ee CSBD, maadaama hadda lagu soo daray shuruudaha WHO (Gola iyo al., 2020).
Waxaa jira cadeymo sii kordhaya oo ka hadlaya doorka isku midka ah neerfaha ee u dhexeeya CSBD iyo balwadaha, tusaale ahaan, falcelinta la xiriirta erotic ee nidaamka abaalmarinta (dib u eegista eeg: Gola & Draps, 2018 or Kowalewska et al., 2018). Saameynta ugu xiisaha badan waxaa ka mid ah: ficil-celinta ficil-celinta ficil-celinta ee loogu talagalay sawirrada erotic-ka ah (marka la barbar dhigo sawirrada aan doorbideyn) waxay si wanaagsan ula xiriirtaa natiijooyinka Imtixaanka Maandooriyaha ee Internetka ee Wax laga beddelay ee CybersexSumadda, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016), ama waxqabadyo ka weyn gudaha: kiliyaha hore ee dorsolateral, caudate, gyrus supramarginal gyrus of the parietal lobe, dorsal anter cortex cortex iyo thalamus, ee loogu talagalay baaqyada erotic ee shakhsiyaadka CSBD marka la barbar dhigo kantaroolka (Seok & Sohn, 2015). Shakhsiyaadka CSBD waxay sidoo kale muujiyeen falcelin kacsan oo kordhay (marka la barbardhigo kontaroolada) fiidiyowyada galmada cad (Voon vd, 2014) ama erotic laakiin tilmaamo lacageed (Gola iyo al., 2017) iyo hoos udhaca isku xirnaanta shaqeynta ee udhaxeysa marinka mareenka iyo kiliyaha hore (Klucken et al., 2016), iyo sidoo kale isku xirnaan aan fiicnayn oo udhaxeysa darnaanta astaamaha CSBD iyo isku xirnaanta shaqeynta ee udhaxeysa bidix sare ee kore iyo midka saxda ah ee caudate (Seok & Sohn, 2018). Marka laga hadlayo saameynta maskaxda ee qaabdhismeedka la xiriira CSBD, Kühn iyo Gallinat (2014) waxay heshay xiriir qunyar-socod ah oo u dhexeeya mugga saxda ah iyo inta jeer ee isticmaalka qaawan ee dadka isticmaala filimada aan daaweynta ahayn. Daraasad dhowaan ka timid kooxdeena (Draps iyo al., 2020) wuxuu muujiyay in shakhsiyaadka qaba CSBD, qabatinka aalkolada iyo khalkhalka khamaarka ay wadaagaan mugga maadada yar ee cirifka hore ee bidix (gaar ahaan kiliyaha orbitofrontal) marka la barbardhigo maadooyinka caafimaadka qaba. Xogta kor ku xusan waxay taageertaa mala-awaalka isku midka ahaanshaha CSBD iyo balwadaha. Nasiib darrose, ma jiraan daraasado neurobiological ah oo la barbardhigayo CSBD iyo OCD.
Hal dariiqo oo lagu barto isku ekaanshaha u dhexeeya CSBD iyo qabatinka ama OCD waa in la fiiriyo qaab dhismeedka maskaxda ee maskaxda. Sawirka Tensor-yada 'Diffusion Tensor Imaging' (DTI) waa farsamo sawir-maskaxeed muuqaal leh oo xasaasi u ah sifooyinka unugyada microstructural-ka, taas oo u oggolaaneysa qiimeynta tayada ee mawduucyada arrimaha cad (Basser & Jones, 2002; Guevara, Guevara, Román, & Mangin, 2020; Le Bihan, 2003; Le Bihan et al., 2001). Waxaa jira farsamooyin badan oo DTI ah, tusaale ahaan habka loo yaqaan 'Tract-based Spatial Statistics (TBSSs') oo si ballaaran loo adeegsado in lagu ogaado cilladaha aan caadiga ahayn ee dadka ku dhaca (Smith et al., 2006), oo si gaar ah diiradda u saareysa kala duwanaanta anisotropy jajabka (FA). Falanqaynta TBSS falanqaynta aan tooska ahayn ee algorithm waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo bandhigo xogta shaqsiyeed iyadoo la adeegsanayo matalaad mareenka macnaheedu yahay lafaha celceliska FA. Waxaan ka helnay 39 daabacadood oo ku saabsan OCD (31) iyo qabatinka (8) iyadoo la adeegsanayo TBSS. Daraasaddan, qorayaashu waxay muujiyeen farqiga u dhexeeya FA-ga guud ahaan 1,050 kontaroolo caafimaad leh iyo 1,188 bukaanno qaan-gaar ah oo bukaan-socod eegis ah oo laga helay cudurka OCD ama cillad qabatinka. Kooxaha ugu yar ee kaqeybgalayaashu waxay ahaayeen siday u kala horreeyaan: 22 ee balwadda (Chumin et al., 2019) iyo siddeed kooxda OCD (Cannistraro iyo al., 2007). Labaatan iyo siddeed daraasadood ayaa soo sheegay natiijooyin wax ku ool ah oo leh P <0.05 ka dib sixitaanka isbarbardhigyo badan iyo 6 oo aan la sixin P <0.001, oo leh xajmiga cluster ee 20 ama ka badan voxels. Kala duwanaanta gobollada ayaa si aad ah loogu dhawaaqay OCD, natiijooyinka soo jeedinaya kala duwanaanshaha FA-ga ee dhowr marin sida corpus callosum, cingulum bundle, forceps small and corona radiata. Natiijooyinku waxay ahaayeen kuwo aan yareyn balwadaha, iyadoo gobollo yar ay kala soocayaan bukaanka iyo kooxaha xakamaynta. Arrinta xiisaha lihi waxay tahay, sagaal gobol (oo kala ah sare corona radiata, kaabsol gudaha, cerebellum, occipital iyo arrin cad oo hore, fasciculus ka sarreysa, thalamic radiata dambe, corpus callosum iyo thalamus) ayaa la muujiyay sida DTI labadaba isugu xirayo, OCD iyo balwadaha (eeg Berdihii. 1).
Natiijooyinka dib u eegista suugaanta. Hoosudhaca Anisotropy (FA) ee qaaska u ah Maandooriyaha (buluug), FA dhimista gaarka ah ee OCD (cagaaran), iyo gobollada kala duwida qabatinka iyo bukaanka OCD labadaba kontaroolada caafimaadka qaba (jaalle)
Sharax: Joornaalka Daroogada Habdhaqanka JBA 2021; 10.1556/2006.2021.00002
Daraasaddeenna waxaan ugu talagalay (1) in aan ogaano cilladaha FA-ga ee gaarka u ah OCD iyo balwadaha iyada oo loo marayo dib u eegista suugaanta, (2) in laga soo ururiyo xogta DTI bukaanka CSBD iyo kontaroolada caafimaadka qaba (iyadoo la adeegsanayo habka TBSS si loo aqoonsado kala duwanaanshaha FA), iyo (3) isbarbardhig natiijooyinkayaga natiijooyinka horey loo soo sheegey ee ku saabsan OCD iyo balwadaha, si loo aqoonsado isku midka ama / iyo kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya OCD, balwadaha iyo CSBD.
Dariiqooyinka
Daraasadda DTI
Mawduucyada iyo qorista
Muunadani waxay ka koobnayd 67 rag iyo dumar oo loo kala qaybiyey laba kooxood: 36 bukaan oo CSBD ah iyo 31 kantarool caafimaad leh (HCs). Mawduucyada waxaa isku aaday da'da iyo dakhliga (fiiri faahfaahinta ku jirta Shaxda 1). Maaddooyinka CSBD waxaa laga qorey ragga raadinaya daaweynta xarumaha caafimaadka ee Warsaw, Poland. Waxaa wareystay dhakhaatiirta cilminafsiyeedka iyo cilmu-nafsiga si loo xaqiijiyo in cudurka la helay iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha HD ee Kafka (Kafka, 2010). Dhammaantood waxay la kulmeen afar ka mid ah shantii shuruudood ee A, waxayna sidoo kale buuxiyeen shuruudaha B iyo C (Kafka, 2014). HC waxaa lagu qoray iyada oo loo marayo ogeysiisyada khadka tooska ah, mana soo bandhigin astaamo cilmu-nafsiyeed waxayna ku jireen caafimaad wanaagsan. Shuruudaha ka-saarista ee labada koox waxay ahaayeen taariikh xanuunno kale oo maskaxda ah, neerfaha ama arrimo caafimaad oo halis ah, iyo ka-hor-imaad hababka sawir-maskaxeed ee magnetic (MRI). Dhammaan kaqeybgalayaashu waxay dhameystireen su'aalo weydiinta lagu cabirayo astaamaha CSBD: Imtixaanka Baaritaanka Cudurrada Galmada (Nooca Polish: SAST-PL-M: Gola iyo al., 2016) iyo Shaashadda Muuqaalka Muuqaalka Kooban (Kraus et al., 2020). Intii lagu gudajiray kaqeybgalayaasha shaqaalaynta sidoo kale waxaa laga baaray jihaynta galmada, taariikhda ku xadgudubka khamriga iyo dhibaatooyinka khamaarka. Shuruudaha ka mid noqoshada ee labada koox waxay ahaayeen: gaar ahaan ama u badan heterosexual oo ku saabsan Miisaanka Kinsey (La qabsashada Polish: Wierzba iyo al., 2015); buundooyinka <10 ee Imtixaanka Aqoonsiga Cudurka Isticmaalka Aalkolada (Babor, de la Fuente, Saunders, & Grant, 1989); iyo dhibcaha <4 shaashadda Khamaarka South Oaks (Stinchfield, 2002). Kaqeybgalayaasha uqalma ayaa lagu casuumay inay booqdaan Sheybaarka Sawirka Maskaxda ee Machadka Nencki, PAS (Warsaw, Poland) si ay u soo ururiyaan xogta.
Jadwalka 1.Kaqeybgalayaashu waxay ku sifoobeen
| CSBD (macnaheedu waa [sd]); n = 36 | HC (macnaheedu waa [sd]); n = 31 | P-qiimaha | |
| Da'da sanadaha | 31.11 [6.018] | 31.84 [7.142] | NS |
| Imtixaanka baaritaanka mukhaadaraadka galmada - dib loo eegay | 11.63 [4.664] | 2.67 [1.918] | P <0.001 |
| Shaashad kooban oo muuqaal ah | 6 [2.854] | 1.73 [1.929] | P <0.001 |
| Shaashadda khamaarka Koonfurta | 0.33 [0.816] | 0 | NS |
| Imtixaanka aqoonsiga isticmaalka aalkolada | 7.5 [2.07] | 4 [1.414] | P = 0.013 |
| Alaab-qasab ah oo qasab ah - dib loo eegay | 17.18 [10.825] | 13.1 [8.786] | NS |
| Su'aalaha Xulashada Lacagta - guud ahaan K qiimaha | 0.0249 [0.0429] | 0.0307 [0.0481] | NS |
Borotokoolka Sawirka DTI
Dhammaan sawirrada DTI waxaa lagu soo ururiyey skaanka 3-Tesla MRI (Siemens Magnetom Trio TIM, Erlangen, Jarmalka) oo lagu qalabeeyey 12-kanaal weji madax isku xigxiga ah. Isku-darka 'Spin-echo' ee loo yaqaan 'echo planar imaging imaging (DW_EPI) ayaa lagu sameeyay iyadoo la raacayo xuduudaha soo socda: TR = 8,300 ms; TE = 87 ms; GRAPPA; xagalka rogmada 90 °, cabirka voxel = 2 × 2 × 2 mm3, 64 tilmaamaha wejiyada leh b-qiyaasta 1,000 s / mm2, oo ay weheliyaan laba sawir oo aan lahayn wejiga faafintab-qiime = 0). Tixraaca 'DW_EPI' waxaa laguceliyay jihada kahoreynta tilmaamaha jihada hore-dambe (AP) iyo gadaal-dambe (PA).
Falanqaynta sawirka DTI
Sawirada 'DTI' waxaa lagu farsameeyay xirmada FSL (3.2.0) oo laga keenay maktabada softiweerka FMRIB (FSL, www.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl) (Smith et al., 2004). Marka hore, amarka FSL ee fslroi waxaa loo adeegsaday soo saarista sawirada b0. Tallaabada xigta, xogta horay ayaa loo sii isticmaalay iyadoo la adeegsanayo sixitaanka u nuglaanta (topup) hawsha iyadoo lagu saleynayo laba sawir oo b0 ah oo laga helay jihooyinka ka soo horjeedka qaabeynta. La soo wareegida tilmaamaha AP iyo PA waxay ku midoobeen hal feylal afar-geesood ah. Iyadoo la adeegsanayo Qalabka FSL Maskaxda ee Soo-saarista Maskaxda (sharad), dhammaan fekels-yada aan maskaxda ka jirin iyo dhammaan fekeryada leh qayb yar oo mug mug leh ayaa laga reebay sawirka baaxadda leh. Dhaqdhaqaaqa caadiga ah iyo hagaajinta eddy-current ayaa lagu sameeyay qalabka FSL. Si aad ugu haboonaato qaab tensor faafid voxel kasta, sawirada FA-ga waxaa lagu xisaabiyay dtifit.
Dhuumaha TBSS waxay ka koobnaayeen talaabooyinka caadiga ah ee soo socda (Smith et al., 2006): (1) Sawirada FA-ga laga soo dheegtay DTI ayaa si wada jir ah loogu diiwaangaliyay shaybaar. Sawirka heerka caadiga ah ee 'FMRIB58_FA' waxaa loo adeegsaday bartilmaameedka TBSS. (2) Marka xigta, isbeddelada aan tooska ahayn ee lagu xisaabiyay tillaabadii hore ayaa lagu dabaqay maadooyinka oo dhan si ay xogtooda ugu keenaan heerka 1x1x1 MNI152. (3) Iskucelceliska FA-ga iyo qalfoofka maadooyinka kaqeyb galaya daraasadda waa laxisaabay. (4) Ku-xirnaanshaha celceliska sawirka qalfoofka FA ee heerka 0.2 ayaa loo adeegsaday si loo aqoonsado dariiqyada waaweyn ee arrimaha cad.
Falanqaynta tirakoobka ee xogta DTI
TBSS, falanqaynta qaabka tooska ah ee loo yaqaan 'voxelwise' qumman ee guud ayaa lagu sameeyay xogta maskaxda oo dhan, iyadoo la adeegsanayo 1,000 xayiraad aan kala sooc lahayn si loo helo fekelska qalfoofka FA oo leh farqi weyn oo u dhexeeya kontaroolada caafimaadka qaba iyo kooxda CSBD. Naqshad laba kooxeed ah oo lagu hagaajiyay da'da (celcelis udub dhexaad u ah kooxda) ayaa la isticmaalay. Ma jiraan wax xaraf ah oo ka badbaaday FDR (heerka helitaanka beenta ah) sixitaanka isbarbardhiga badan. Falanqeyn aan la saxin ayaa sidoo kale la sameeyay, iyada oo qiimaha marinka P ee u dhexeeya 0.05 ilaa 0.01 iyo cabir kooxeed aad u weyn> 50 voxels. Xisaabinta heerka sixitaanka been abuurka ah (FDR) sixitaanka waxaa lagu sameeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo qoraalka Matlab Genovese, Lazar, & Nichols, (2002). Meelaha farqi weyn u dhexeeyo marka laga hadlayo marinka aan la sixin P <0.02 oo leh xaddiga 50-voxel ayaa hoos lagu soo bandhigay. Gobollada anatomical ee qalfoofka oo muujinaya kala duwanaansho kooxeed oo muhiim ah oo ku saabsan cabbirka tensor-ka (macnaheedu yahay FA) ayaa markaa la aqoonsaday laguna calaamadeeyay qaab dhismeedka lagu qeexay arrinta cad (WM) Atlas (Oishi, Faria, Van Zijl, & Mori, 2010). Gobolladaas anatomical-ka ah waxaa loo adeegsaday in lagu socodsiiyo falanqaynta isku xirnaanta astaamaha lagu cabiray Imtixaanka Baaritaanka Cudurrada Galmada (Gola iyo al., 2016) iyo Shaashadda Muuqaalka Muuqaalka Kooban (Kraus et al., 2020) ee kooxda CSBD.
Ethics
Kaqeybgalayaasha ogolaanshahooda la wargeliyay waxaa la helay bilowgii daraasadda. Si loo hubiyo in aan la aqoonsan, waxaa la shaqeeyay nidaam laba-indhoole ah, sidaa darteed xubnaha kooxda cilmi-baarista ee mas'uulka ka ah helitaanka xogta DTI ma aysan marin marin diiwaanada shaqaalaynta mana aysan ogeyn in shaqsi la siiyay uu ku jiro CSBD ama kooxda HC. Nidaamyada oo dhan waxaa lagu fuliyay si waafaqsan bayaanka Helsinki. Daraasadda waxaa ansixiyay guddiga anshaxa deegaanka ee Machadka cilmu-nafsiga, PAS.
Natiijooyinka
Kaqeybgalayaashii
Shaxda 1 waxaa ku jira macluumaad ku saabsan shakhsiyaadka 36 ee leh CSBD iyo 31 kontaroolada la isku daray, oo xogtooda DTI lagu falanqeeyay daraasaddan. Ma jirin farqi u dhexeeya koox-koox da'da celceliska. Bukaannada CSBD waxay heleen dhibco aad uga sarreeya miisaanka lagu cabirayo darnaanta CSBD (SAST-R: t = 9.738 P <0.001; DDB: t = 6.623 P<0.001). Dhammaan kaqeybgalayaasha, dhibcaha lagu cabiro astaamaha balwadda waxay ka hooseeyeen marinka (AUDIT: t = 3.012 P = 0.013, SOGS: t = 0.81 P <0.001). Bukaannada CSBD waxay si aad ah uga sarreeyaan kantaroolka baaritaanka Aqoonsiga Dhibaatada Aalkolada (Babor et al., 1989), laakiin midkoodna kama dhaafin xadka khalkhalka isticmaalka khamriga (16 dhibcood). Kooxuhu kuma kala duwanaanin Qeyb-soo-saarista qasabka-Dib-loo-eegay (t = 1.580, P = 0.12; OCI-R, Foa et al., 2002) iyo Su'aalaha Xulashada Lacagta (t = -0.482, P = 0.632; - MCQ, Kirby & Marakovic, 1996) cabbiraadda dareen diidmo iyo dhimis (Marcowski et al., Saxaafadda).
Natiijooyinka DTI
Waxaan ka helnay kala duwanaansho kooxeed oo muhiim ah lixda qaybood ee anatomical (natiijooyinka oo dhan lama saxo, oo leh qiime marinno P laga bilaabo 0.05 ilaa 0.01 iyo cabirka koox kooxeed aad u muhiim ah ugu yaraan 50 voxels). Sida laga soo xigtay White Matter Atlas (Oishi et al., 2010), kooxahaani waxay ka kooban yihiin gobollada soo socda: saddex qaybood oo ku yaal cerebellum, qayb ka mid ah retrolenticular ee mareenka kaabsalka gudaha, qaybta sare ee marinka loo yaqaan 'corona radiata tract' iyo qayb ka mid ah mawduucyada cad ee 'occipital gyrus' (faahfaahinta ku jirta Shaxda 2 iyo Berdihii. 2). Ma jirin xiriir weyn oo u dhexeeya shakhsiga macnaha FA ee lixda gobol ee anatomical iyo darnaanta calaamadaha CSBD, sida lagu cabiray Imtixaanka Baaritaanka Cudurrada Galmada (Gola iyo al., 2016) iyo Shaashadda Filimada ee Kooban (Kraus et al., 2020). Tani waxay ahayd mid lama filaan ah, maadaama, sida ku xusan suugaanta ku saabsan cudurada maskaxda sida qabatinka iyo OCD, darnaanta astaamaha badanaa waxay la xiriirtaa kala duwanaanshaha FA (balwadda, eeg: Morales, Jones, Harman, Patching-Bunch, & Nagel, 2020; De Santis iyo al., 2019; iyo OCD: de Salles Andrade iyo al., 2019; Fitzgerald, Liu, Reamer, Taylor, & Welsh, 2014; Koch iyo al., 2012; Saito et al., 2008; Wang et al., 2018; Zhou et al., 2018).
Jadwalka 2.Natiijooyinka ka soo baxay daraasadda DTI ee la barbardhigay bukaanada 36 CSBD oo leh 31 iswaafajin kontaroolo caafimaad leh
| Index | Cabbirka kooxda | x | y | z | T-xaalada qiimaha ugu sarreysa | P qiimaha sare | Cabbirka saamayntaa | Tilmaam - magaca Atlas |
| 1 | 61 | 30 | -45 | -28 | 5.3103 | 0.000027776 | 1.290118 | ch, goos gooska cerebellar |
| 2 | 65 | -17 | -49 | -20 | 5.1651 | 0.000046134 | 1.071367 | ch, goos gooska cerebellar |
| 3 | 88 | 24 | -51 | -20 | 5.0823 | 0.000061393 | 1.015533 | ch, goos gooska cerebellar |
| 4 | 64 | 33 | -29 | 6 | 5.1738 | 0.000044763 | 1.125174 | rlic, qayb ka mid ah retrolenticular ee kaabsoolka gudaha |
| 5 | 52 | -40 | -62 | 20 | 4.9949 | 0.000082731 | 1.151454 | O2-WM, arrin cad oo dhexdhexaad ah ama dhinaca dambe ah |
| 6 | 71 | -25 | 14 | 28 | 4.1236 | 0.0013267 | 0.829666 | scr, radiata corona sare |
Cohen's d Saamaynta saamiga waxaa loo xisaabiyay inay tahay farqiga celceliska u dhexeeya laba koox oo loo qaybiyay iskudhaf heerka caadiga ah.
Farqiga u dhexeeya anisotropy jajabka ah (FA) ee u dhexeeya bukaanada CSBD iyo kontaroolada. Qalfoofka celceliska FA-ga ee maadooyinka oo dhan waxaa lagu muujiyaa cagaar ka kooban shaxanka FMRIB58_FA_1mm. Natiijooyinka waxaa loo adkeeyay ujeedooyinka muuqaalka iyadoo la adeegsanayo tbss_fill FSL amarka caadiga ah. Ururo leh qiimeyaal sare oo FA ah (P <0.02, xajmiga kooxaha> 50) ee kooxda xakamaynta marka la barbardhigo bukaanka CSBD waxaa lagu muujiyey casaan. Ma jirin natiijooyin wax ku ool ah oo ku saabsan kala duwanaanshaha (bukaanka CSBD> kooxda xakamaynta)
Sharax: Joornaalka Daroogada Habdhaqanka JBA 2021; 10.1556/2006.2021.00002
Dood
Tani waa mid ka mid ah daraasadihii ugu horreeyay ee DTI ee lagu qiimeeyo kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya bukaanada leh Qalalaasaha Dabeecadaha Isku Galmoodka ee Isku qasbay iyo kantaroolka caafimaadka leh. Falanqeynteena waxay daaha ka rogtay hoos u dhigida FA-da ee lix gobol oo maskaxda ah maadooyinka CSBD, marka la barbar dhigo kontaroolada. Wadooyinka kala duwanaanta waxaa laga helay cerebellum (waxaa suuragal ah inay qaybo ka mid ah isla mareenka ku jiraan maskaxda), qaybta dib u noqoshada ee kaabsoolka gudaha, koritaanka sare ee corona iyo dhexda ama dhinaca dambe ee dhinaca dambe.
Si loo fiiriyo natiijooyinkaan guud ahaan guud ahaan noocyada kala duwan ee dhibaatooyinka maskaxda ee qasabka ah, ee ka imanaya qabatinka hal darajo ilaa OCD ee dhinaca kale, waxaan ku sameynay dib u eegis dhameystiran ee suugaanta DTI labada hay'adood ee kor ku xusan. Soddon iyo sagaal daraasadood (sideed ku saabsan balwadda iyo 31 on OCD) oo laga heli karo suugaanta ayaa muujisay in, illaa iyo inta DTI ay ka walwalsan tahay, ay jiraan wax ka yar kala duwanaanta neerfaha ee balwadda marka loo eego OCD. Suugaanta OCD, natiijada ugu weyn uguna badan ee la soo sheego waxay ku saabsan tahay hoos u dhaca FA-ga ee gobollada sida killosus callosum iyo cingulum packBenedetti et al., 2013; Bora et al., 2011; Cannistraro et al., 2007; de Salles Andrade et al., 2019; Fan et al., 2016; Gan et al., 2017; Garibotto et al., 2010; Li et al., 2011; Nakamae et al., 2011; Oh et al., 2012; Saito et al., 2008; Spalletta, Piras, Fagioli, Caltagirone, & Piras, 2014; Versace et al., 2019; Yoo et al., 2007; Zhou et al., 2018). Taa bedelkeeda, suugaanta mukhadaraadka waxay sheegaysaa gadaalka dambe ee corona, kaabsulka dibedda, fornix, insula iyo hippocampus oo ah gobollada kala-sooca bukaannada iyo kontaroolada marka loo eego celceliska FA (Chumin et al., 2019; De Santis iyo al., 2019; Pandey iyo al., 2018; Yip iyo al., 2017; Zou et al., 2017.Benedetti et al., 2013; Cannistraro et al., 2007; Chumin et al., 2019; Fan et al., 2012; Fontenelle et al., 2011; Gan et al., 2017; Hartmann, Vandborg, Rosenberg, Sørensen, & Videbech, 2016; Kim, Jung, Kim, Jang, & Kwon, 2015; Lochner et al., 2012; Pandey et al., 2018; Segobin et al., 2019; Szeszko et al., 2005; Yip et al., 2017; Yoo et al., 2007; Zhong et al., 2019; Zou et al., 2017). Gobollada kale ee laga helo dacwadaha OCD waxay ku yaallaan aag cagaaran Berde 1 iyo 3 (Glahn, Prell, Grosskreutz, Peschel, & Müller-Vahl, 2015; Isaga iyo al., 2018; Li, Ji, Li, Li, & Feng, 2014; Menzies et al., 2008; Nakamae et al., 2008; Segobin et al., 2019).
Xogtayada 'DTI' waxay muujineysaa in isku xirnaanta neerfaha ee CSBD ay la socdaan gobollada horey loogu soo sheegay suugaanta sida labadaba loola xiriiro, qabatinka iyo OCD (eeg aagga cas ee Berdihii. 3). Sidaa darteed, daraasadda hadda jirta waxay muujisay isku mid ahaansho muhiim ah oo ku saabsan dhimista FA-ga ee u dhexeeya CSBD iyo OCD iyo labadaba. Nasiib darrose, natiijooyinkani ma muujinayaan mid ka mid ah labadan hay'adood ee caafimaad ee ku dhow CSBD marka loo eego isku-xirnaanta DTI.
Natiijooyinka isku dhafan ee ka soo baxa dib-u-eegista suugaanta ee ku saabsan jajabka 'anisotropy' (FA) ee Maandooriyaha iyo OCD, iyo natiijooyinka daraasaddayada DTI ee bukaannada CSBD. Dhimista FA-ga ee khaaska u ah Maandooriyaha (buluug), FA-ga oo hoos u dhigaya OCD (cagaaran), gobollada kala soocaya Balwadaha iyo bukaanka OCD ee kantaroolada caafimaadka qaba (huruud), iyo gobollada ka soocaya bukaanada CSBD ee kontaroolada caafimaadka qaba (casaan): 3 qaybood oo ku jira cerebellum, qayb ka mid ah retrolenticular ee marinka kaabsoolka gudaha, qaybta sare ee maaddada 'corona radiata tract' iyo qayb ka mid ah 'occipital gyrus' arrinta cad
Sharax: Joornaalka Daroogada Habdhaqanka JBA 2021; 10.1556/2006.2021.00002
Xaddidaadda
In kasta oo daraasaddan la soo bandhigay ay soo bandhigtay xog cusub oo ku saabsan farqiga u dhexeeya arrimaha cad ee ku baahsanaanta maskaxda ee CSBD, natiijooyinkeeduna waxay leeyihiin xoogaa xaddidan. Xaddidaadda ugu weyn waxay caan ku tahay daraasaddan isku xirnaanta, waxayna ka walwalsan tahay xaqiiqda ah in hoos u dhaca ku yimid farqiga u dhexeeya celceliska FA ee u dhexeeya labada shaybaar ay noqon karto arrin horay u jirtay ama natiijada horumarka CSBD. Dhibaatadani waxay saameysaa daraasado kale oo badan oo ku saabsan anatomical ama kala duwanaanshaha maskaxda iyadoo la adeegsanayo naqshad qeybeed (Yuan et al., 2010). Naqshad joogto ah ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo qiimeeyo doorka isbeddelada maskaxda maadaama ay la xiriiraan horumarka iyo horumarka calaamadaha CSBD.
Xaddidaad kale waxay la xiriirtaa qorista kaqeybgalayaasha CSBD, taas oo ay ugu wacneyd Cillada 'Hypersexual Disorder' (HD; Kafka, 2010), maaha shuruudaha ICD-11, maadaama xogteenna la ururiyey kahor intaan la sii deyn buugga cusub ee WHO. Shuruudaha laxiriirta culeyska fekerka iyo qawaaniinta shucuur ayaa ka dhexjirta HD, laakiin ma ahan sharaxaadda CSBD (eeg Gola iyo al., 2020), sidaas awgeed tijaabadayada caafimaad ayaa laga yaabaa inay u egtahay dad OCD ah. Muhiimad ahaan, muunaddeennu way yara yaraayeen dhammaan kooxuhuna waxay kakoobanaayeen rag gaar ah oo isku jinsi ah oo isku da 'ah, dadka deggan Poland. Daraasadaha mustaqbalka ee aasaaska neerfaha ee CSBD, shaybaarro waaweyn oo kaladuwan ayaa loo baahan yahay in la qoro. Cabbirka yar ee tijaabada ah wuxuu noqon karaa sababta aysan natiijooyinkeennu uga badbaadin sixitaanka FWE ee caadiga ah, tanina waa weli xaddidaadda kale ee daraasadda. Sidoo kale, isbarbardhiga tooska ah ee shakhsiyaadka leh balwadda iyo OCD (halkii laga ahaan lahaa natiijooyinka lagu soo sheegay suugaanta) ayaa laga yaabaa inay taageerto gabagabada xooggan ee daraasadaha mustaqbalka.
Gabagabada
Natiijooyinka daraasaddeenna waxay soo jeedinayaan in CSBD ay wadaagaan qaab isku mid ah cilladaha leh OCD iyo qabatinka labadaba. Marka la barbardhigo xakamaynta, shakhsiyaadka CSBD waxay muujiyeen hoos u dhac fara badan oo FA-ga ah oo ku yimid marinka sare ee loo yaqaan 'corona radiata tract', marinka kaabsoolka gudaha, marinnada 'cerebellar' iyo 'occipital gyrus white'. Sida mid ka mid ah daraasadii ugu horreysay ee DTI marka la barbardhigo kala duwanaanshaha maskaxda ee qaabdhismeedka u dhexeeya CSBD, balwadaha iyo OCD, in kasta oo ay muujineyso dhinacyada cusub ee CSBD, kuma filna in la go'aamiyo in CSBD u egtahay balwad badan ama OCD. Cilmi-baaris dheeri ah, gaar ahaan isbarbardhiga tooska ah ee shakhsiyaadka leh dhammaan saddexda cudur ayaa laga yaabaa inay bixiyaan natiijooyin badan
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