ZVIMBVUNZO: Kuneta pabonde makonzo anoonekwa neakawanda shanduko dzehuropi dzinotora kana mazuva mana kudzoka. Panguva imwecheteyo, kudzoreredza kuita bonde (huwandu hwekuteedzera uye ejaculations) kunotora mazuva gumi nemashanu. Uyu muongorori anotenda, sezvatinoita, kuti kugutsa pabonde inzira dzekudzivirira pamusoro-kukurudzira kweiyo mibairo yedunhu.
Kubva pakudzidza: Zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti kukanganisa kwenguva refu kwepabonde kunokonzerwa nekukwirirana nekuita satiation kunosanganisira nzira yekudzivirira inopesana nekusimudzirwa kwemakwikwi europi anobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kwayo. Mazisolimbic system inobatanidzwa mukugadziriswa kwezvipo zvepanyama zvinosanganisira tsika dzepabonde [2]. Kugadziriswa kwechiitiko ichi nguva dzose kuburikidza nekugadziriswa kwekutengesa kwezvinodhaka zvekushungurudza kunounza hutano hwekuita hukama [16] hunofanana nehutachiona hwemishonga hunoratidzwa nemakumbo aneta zvepabonde mushure mekudzokorora kuwedzerwa kwenguva pfupi, iyo inoramba ichikurudzira mesolimbic system
Behav Brain Res. 2011 Mar 1; 217 (2): 253-60. doi: 10.1016 / j.bbr.2010.09.014. Epub 2010 Sep 25.
Rodríguez-Manzo G1, Guadarrama-Bazante IL, Morales-Calderón A.
mabviro
Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, IPN-Sede Sur, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Delegación Tlalpan, México 14330 DF, Mexico. [email inodzivirirwa]
ngovepo
Nharo dzevarume dzinobvumira kubhadhara pasina kubvumidzwa neyemunhu mumwechete wevakadzi ejaculate kakawanda kusvikira asvika pakuneta kwepabonde. Maawa makumi mana nemana mushure mekuita izvi, varume vanopererwa zvepabonde vanoratidzira mararamiro ekuchinja kwepanyama kana vachienzaniswa nevarume vasina kupera. Pakati pavo, inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyekugara kwenguva refu kwekuita zvepabonde nekudzivirira uye huwandu hwehutachiona hwehutano kune zviito zvezvinodhaka. Chinangwa chebasa iripo ndechekusimbisa kana pakanga pane kuwirirana pakati pezvinhu izvi zviviri zvekuita zvepabonde maererano nekusvika kwekutaura kwayo. Kune chinangwa ichocho, takaratidza nzira yekudzivirira kwepabonde yekuita zvepabonde kubva pakuita zvepabonde, pamwe chete nekureba kwechirwere chemishonga chinokanganisa. Iyo yekupedzisira yakaongororwa kuburikidza nekuonekwa kwechiratidzo che serotonergic syndrome: chimiro chemuviri wepamuviri. Zvigumisiro zvakaratidza kuti mishonga inonzi hypersensitivity phenomenon uye kuvhara kwepabonde kunokonzerwa nekugadzirisa nekuita satiation kunotevera nguva yakafanana yekudzoka, uye kuderera kukuru mukutaura kwavo 96 h mushure mekuita satiation yekuita zvepabonde. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvinhu izvi zvinogona kureva mazwi maviri ehupfungwa hwehuputi hwepurasitiki, sezvinoratidzwa nehupenyu hunogara huripo hwezviitiko zvose, izvo zvinonakidza zvichiita sezviri kuchinjwa.
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier BV Kodzero dzose dzakachengetedzwa.
MIMWE MIKOKO YOKUDZIDZA KUNYAYA:
Kuita zvepabonde kunorondedzerwa sehurefu hwepabonde hwekuita zvepabonde nguva inowanikwa mushure mekudzokorora kuwedzerwa mukati mekutengeserana kwechikwata [2,12]. Maawa makumi mana nemana mushure mekuneta, meno ehurume anozvibata nenzira mbiri dzakasiyana muhupo hwevakadzi vanogamuchira: zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvavo hazviratidze chero zvepabonde uye chikamu chechitatu chiri kukwanisa kugadzirisa kamwechete, pasina kudzoka zvepabonde shure kweizvozvo Ejaculation [18]. Nokudaro, vanhu vaviri vemakonzo anokonzerwa nekuita zvepabonde vanogona kusiyaniswa 24 h mushure mekunyorwa kwekuita satiation, anoteerera uye asingateereri. Pano nheyo imwechete yekuongorora (24 h), nharo dzepabonde dzevarume dzinoratidzira mararamiro ekuchinja kwepanyama paanoenzaniswa nevarume vasina kupera.
Semuenzaniso, kukurudzira magetsi emagariro europi kunobatanidzwa mukudzora kwemuitiro wepoporatory sezvinoitwa munharaunda yepakati pekutanga [23], ventral tegmental nzvimbo [20] uye nucleus accumbens [21] inobatsira kuratidza zvepabonde kutaura mune zvepabonde varume vane ruzivo rwepabonde, asi zvechiitiko munyaya imwe chete apo dambudziko repabonde rakaneta.
Imwe shanduko inoreva kushungurudzika-kufanana nekugadzirisa kwekugadziriswa kunotsanangurwa mune zvepabonde varume vane ruzivo rwepabonde [9]. Iyi dzimba yekujaira inoratidzika mushure mekunge imwechete, maviri kana matanhatu inotevera ejaculations, zvisinei, 24 h mushure mekuita satiation, kana kukanganiswa kwepabonde kuchigadziriswa, ejaculation inoratidzwa nehuwandu hwevanhu vemhuka dzinopererwa nepabonde, hazvive nechinotyisa chinokonzerwa nemagariro [22 ].
Pakupedzisira, kugona kusingagumi pakuronga mishonga yemaparamende kumakumbo aneta zvepabonde ndiko kuratidzwa kwezvinodhaka zvinotapira.
Nokudaro, pamakonzo ane zvepabonde zvinonzi serotonergic 5-HT1A receptor agonist, 8-hydroxy-di-propil amino tetraline (8-OH-DPAT), kunze kwekudzosa unhu hwepabonde hwekudzivirira hutano hwevarume vakaneta, zvinoita kuti zviratidzo zve iyo serotonergic syndrome (5-HT syndrome) [18], mushure mekusaita chirwere mumhuka dzisina simba [24]. Yohimbine, anonzi _2-adrenergic anozivikanwa kuti ane biphasic, maitiro-based effect pamakiratiro ekudzidzira mafungiro evanhu vanoita zvepabonde [6], ane firimu shomanana yezvinoita kuti zvive nemigumisiro mumakonzo anokonzerwa nekuita zvepabonde pane vasina kupera [18], uye mamiriro akafanana anowanikwa neapioids vatsanangudzo naloxone uye naltrexone [19]. Pakupedzisira, anopikisa dopaminergic, haloperidol, inobatanidza kutenderera mumitambo yepabonde inopera simba pamitambo isingabatsiri zvakadai mumakonzo ane hupombwe [17]. Pamwe chete, idzi data dzinoratidza kuti hutachiona hwemishonga yezvinodhaka ndechimwe chinhu chinowanzoitika chemakumbo anokonzerwa nekuita zvepabonde, sezvo ichionekwa mushure mekugadzirwa kwe systemic yevashambadziri vakasiyana-siyana vanoita nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzeurotransmitter
Nokudaro, mushure mokunge 24 isati yanyora zvinyorwa, apo kusina kana mumwe wevanhu vakagadzikana zvepabonde vanoita zvekuita zvekare vanogadzirisa kuwirirana, kuwedzerwa kwekuwedzera kwekugadzirisa kwemaitiro emakumbo evanhu vakaneta.
Nokudaro, 40% yemakati anogadziriswa akaratidzwa kusvika ku 3 ejaculations 72 h inotevera mushure mekutsvaira. Ichi chikamu chakanga chakawanda zvikuru kupfuura icho chakawanikwa pa 24 h uye chakanyanya kuderera kana ichienzaniswa nekushanda kwemakonzo ane ruzivo rwepabonde munguva yekuita satiation. Mazana e4 anotevera ejaculations akawanikwa nemakumbo satiated 96 h mushure mekuita satiation, uye nhamba iyi yakasimuka ku5 mushure mezuva re7-zuva rokuzorora pabonde.
KUKURUKURA
Nhoroondo pamusoro penguva yechirwere chekuita zvepabonde mushure mekugadziriswa kwekuita satiation inoratidza kuti nzira yekuzvidzivirira yakangodaro inofanira kuteverwa kunyanya kuburikidza nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana: yezana yezana rati dzakagadziriswa kusvika pakugadziriswa, chikamu chemhuka idzi dzinotangazve kuwirirana mushure mekugadzirisa uye ejaculatory kukwanisa kunoratidzwa nemarati satiated mushure mekusiyana kwenguva dzekuita zvepabonde. Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti munguva yekutanga 48 h ichitevera kugadzirisa pakuneta kwechikamu, mhuka zviri pachena kuti dzinorambidzwa zvepabonde, uye kuwedzera kwekudzivirira simba (3 kutevera ejaculations) mune zvishoma zvishoma zvemakonzo.Uwandu hwevarume vachiratidzira izvi zvakanyanya kuwedzera kukwanisa kuwedzera 72 h mushure mekuita satiation. Mushure mokunge 96 nguva yekuzorora zvepabonde, mhuka dzose dzinokwanisa kubuda uye dzokazve kuwirirana mushure mekunyengera. Uku ndiko kuchinja kwehutano, sezvo chirevo chinoshandiswa kufunga kuti kuedza kushandura kunoderedza kupererwa kwepabonde ndiko kugadzirisa kukwanisa kwehairi dzakagadziriswa kuti dzigadzirise kuwirirana mushure mekushandiswa [18]. Nokudaro, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti panguva ino hutano hwepabonde hunoratidza satiation hunoderedzwa mumhuka dzose, iyo yose inokwanisa kuwana zvikamu zviviri zvakatevera zvinopikisa nyaya. Pashure pezuva re7-zororo rekuita zvepabonde ejaculatory simba rinenge mhuka dzose dzinowedzera kusvika 4 eecaculations inotevera, ku5 mushure mezuva 10 uye ku6 mushure mezuva 15 yekuzorora pabonde.
Nhamba inofanirwa yekutsanangurira ejaculations inoratidzwa nevarume vane ruzivo rwepabonde panguva yekugadzirisa satiation nzira (zvinomwe) inowanikwa nehafu yenguruve dzakagadzikana mushure memazuva 15 ekuzorora pabonde. Ichi chikamu chekupedzisira hachisi chakasiyana neicho chakawanikwa panguva yekugadzirisa kuita satiation session muvarume vasina kupera.
Gungwa uye kudzidza kwekutanga kweJorodhani kuneta kwepabonde [3] yakataura nguva yeZ15 mazuva okuzorora zvakakwana kubva pakuneta kwepabonde iyo yakatarwa nekucherechedza panguva shomanana dzenguva yakatarwa nguva inotevera satiation. Dhiyabhorosi, yakagadzirirwa kushandisa mazana evanhu (makumiririri) akawanda akazvimirira emakungu panguva imwechete yekudzorera, uye akaongororisa maitiro ejaculatory pane imwe neimwe yezvikamu zvinoshandisa satiation criterion (90 min pasina kujekesa mushure mekupedzisira kwejjulation). Zvinotarisirwa kuti pasinei nekuparara kwepabonde zvakasiyana-siyana zvepabonde zvinoshandiswa mune zvidzidzo zviviri uye nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakashandiswa pakugadzirisa nguva yekudzivirira nguva, nzvimbo imwechete yenguva yakawanikwa ichidikanwa kuti iwane zvakare. Izvi zvakangoerekana zvaitika, pamwe chete nekuti nhamba inorehwa ye7 inotevera ejaculatory series uye kuwedzera kwekujekesa munguva yakasara-ejaculatory nguva yakarongedzerwa nguva dzose mukupindura kwakasiyana-siyana kwepabonde remafirimu [3,12,18], inoratidza kuti idzi dzose dzinokosha zvikamu zvehutano hwepabonde hunoshamisa hunobuda, pasina chimiro cheparadigm chinoshandiswa kuita kuti izvi zvisakanganise hurumende.
Kuenzanisira kwekufambira mberi kwekugadziriswa kwekutanga kwekugadzirisa simba pano kunobudiswa nhoroondo yedhiyabhorosi iyo inogona kubatsira mukugadzwa kwehuwandu hwemigumisiro yekuedza kushandiswa kunoita kuti hutano hwekutaura huratidze rats, uye kuti uone dhigirii inhibitory reversal state inokonzerwa nemakonzo akaiswa pasi pedu patidigm satiety.
Nezvechirwere chemishonga chinonzi hypersensitivity phenomenon, kuongororwa kwezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zveHNUMX-HT-syndrome kwakaratidza kuti FBP ndiyo chiratidzo chakanyatsogadziriswa mushure me ip injection inoderedza madhirwe e5-OH-DPAT mumakonzo. Ichi ndichowo chiratidzo chinonyatsoratidza kupesana kwekushushikana kwemakonzo evanhu vane mhando dzakasiyana dzepabonde.
Sezvambotaurwa, FBP pamwe nekufambisa mberi kwepachipiri ndiyo zviratidzo zviviri zvakambofananidzirwa neipi ip ye 8-OH-DPAT mumakumbo asina kukonzerwa nekuita zvepabonde, kunyange zvazvo paine nhamba dzakakwirira [10]. Zvisinei, muzvidzidzo zvedu, chiratidzo chekunyora kwepamberi chakaonekwa kamwe chete mumhuka, pasina hutano hwavo hwepabonde. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowanzoita kuti tive netariro yepamusoro yezvikamu zvemuti we5-HT1A agonist inoshandiswa mukuedza kwedu. Zvinotoshamisa kuti pazvikamu izvi zvakaderera zviratidzo zvekunyora kwechirwere che 5-HT, zvisati zvambotaurwa kare zvichikonzerwa nekupirisa ip ye8-OH-DPAT, yakaratidzwa munenge mhuka dzose dzehutano hwepabonde uye chikonzero chinogona kuva zvakafanana, kureva kuti inongowanikwa padziviriro shoma, kwete kuedzwa mune mamwe mabasa. Kusiyana kwechirevo chekushushikana kwezvinodhaka pakati pepabonde nevepabonde uye zvakagadzirisa zvepabonde zvakaratidzwa zvakajeka nechiratidzo cheFBP, asi zvinofadza, kuvapo kwekusiyana kwekunzwisisana pakati pezvirwere zvepabonde uye ratsva zvepabonde zvinogonawo kusimbiswa.
Misiyano muhutano hwezvinodhaka pakati pepabonde naïve uye mhuka dzinopera zvepabonde zvinosvika pane imwe nzira yehukuru. Kuziva kwedu iyi ndiyo yekutanga kuudza basa kuti zvepabonde zvinotadzisa kunzwisisika kwemakonzo kune zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Iyi data inoshevedza zvatinoona nezvemigumisiro yehutano hwehupombwe muuropi hunoita mhuka dzevanhu vakuru. Mumakore ekupedzisira nhamba inowedzera yemabasa yakatarisa nyaya iyi. Nokudaro, tinogona kuwana mabasa anotaura kuti chiitiko chepabonde chinokonzera steroid hormone secretion [8,29], inowedzera miviri yekare inonzi nitric oxide synthase [7], inogadzirisa mafungiro uye inogadzirisa nekuderedza kuzvidya mwoyo- [8] uye kuora mwoyo kwakafanana nemafungiro [14]; inowedzera munhu mukuru neurogenisis mukutarisana nemhepo inopisa zvinotyisa [25] uye inokurudzira kuchinja kwemazwi emagetsi mune dorsal uye ventral striatum [5]. Maererano nemigumisiro yebasa iripo, kuwedzerwa kwekushungurudzwa kwezvinodhaka kunogona kuwedzerwa kune runyora rwekushanduka kwenguva refu muuropi kushanda kunobudiswa nehutano hwepabonde.
Zvakakosha kuratidza kuti mishonga inonzi hypersensitivity inowanikwa mumakumbo ane ruzivo rwepabonde kana ichienzaniswa nemhando dzepabonde neaive inofanira kunge iri mugumisiro wehutano hwakasiyana kupfuura iyo inotangira hutachiona hwehutano hunoonekwa mumakonzo epabonde. Izvi ndizvo, nokuti yekare haina kufambidzana nemabasa ekuita zvepabonde achangobva kuitika (idzi rats dzaive dzakatarisana nepabonde kwekupedzisira kwemazuva 5 isati yaitika mujeri 8-OH-DPAT), nechokupedzisira ichi chichiita sechinyatsoenderana nekugadzirisa kusangana kwepabonde (vide infra). Kusiyana kwekunzwisisika kwa8-OH-DPAT yemhuka dzepabonde uye dzakagwinya zvepabonde kunogona kuonekwawo mumabasa ekufambisa emuitiro uyu unogadziriswa. Nokudaro, nepo 8-OH-DPAT inenge isisina kukonzerwa nemakonzo ane ruzivo rwepabonde, iyo yakaita kuti zvose zviito zvepabonde zvigadziriswe zvemakonzo zvakagadziriswa kuburikidza nekudzikisa zvakanyanya, kunyanya kuyerwa, uye kuwedzera zvakanyanya zviyero zvezvipfuwo zvakaneta izvo zvakatangazve kugadziriswa mushure mekugadzirisa. Kunyange zvazvo kukwanisa kwe8-OH-DPAT kushandura kugadzirisa zvepabonde kwakanga kwatosimbiswa [18], mubasa remugadziriro iyi iyi yakawanika pamitambo yakadzika zvikuru kudarika iyo yakashandiswa pakutanga, kusimbisa hutachiona hwehupombwe hwemakwenzi kune zvinodhaka zvinodhaka. Kunyange zvakadaro, inofanira kuchengetwa mupfungwa kuti hutano hwepabonde hwehupombwe hunogona kunge hwakaita basa rinokurudzira zvinoita kuti 8-OH-DPAT ishandiswe. Kuita zvepabonde zvinokonzerwa nekuongororwa kwekuedza kunoonekwa zvakanyanya mumhuka dzine hutano hwakanaka hwekuita zvepabonde. Chero zvazvingaitika, kana uchitarisa maitiro ekugadzirisa, hazvibviri kusiyanisa pakati pezvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nemishonga inokonzerwa nehutachiona uye chinokonzerwa nehutano hwepabonde hwekuita zvepabonde.
Kuongororwa kwehuwandu hwehutachiona huri ku8-OHDPAT sezvakaenzaniswa nekutaura kweFBP inoratidza kuti ichi chinotora 72 h inotevera nzira yekuita satiation, uye inowanzopera 96 h mushure mekunyorwa kwekuita satiation. Kusiyana neizvi, maitiro ekufambisa e8-OH-DPAT pamararamiro ekufambisa evanhurume vanoparara mune zvepabonde achiripo mumitemo yose yehupombwe 96 h mushure mekuita satiation. Zvakare, mupiro wechirwere chekuita zvepabonde kune zviito zvinokurudzira zvemuti uyu wepasi we8-OH-DPAT mumakonzo anokonzerwa nepabonde hazvigoni kurasikirwa. Kusiyana neizvi, chiratidzo cheFBP cheA5-HT chirwere hachigoni kunyadziswa nehutano hwehutano hwehutano hwehutano pachahwo uye hunowanikwa, saka, sechimwe chinhu chiri nani kuisa maitiro ekugadzirisa kubva kune zvinodhaka zvinonzi hypersensitivity phenomenon.
Kuongororwa kwehutano hwekuzvidzivirira kwehutano hwehupombwe hunokonzerwa nokupererwa kwepabonde uye kwehutachiona hwehutano ku8-OH-DPAT, hunongororwa kuburikidza nekutaura kweFBP, inoratidza kuti zvinhu zviviri izvi zvinotevera nguva imwe chete. Nokudaro, mushure mokunge 96 h yekuzorora pabonde, hutano hwepabonde hunoderedzwa mumhuka dzose uye chikamu chemakumbo anogadzikana anoratidza FBP inowira ku 25%, kusiyana nekusvika 100% yevari kuratidza chiratidzo che 5-HT munguva yekutanga 72 h kutevera satiation. Iyi nguva yakafanana yekudzoka inoratidza kuti izvi zviitiko zviviri zvinogona kureva zviratidzo zvakasiyana zvehumwe hupfungwa hwepurasitiki. Ichokwadi kuti hutachiona hwemhando dzepabonde dzakanyangarika hunoitika mazuva e4 mushure mekupedzisira ruzivo rwepabonde rwekupedzisira hunosimbisa pfungwa yokuti iyo nzira inofanira kunge yakasiyana neyoyo inokonzera hypersensitivity mumakumbo ane ruzivo rwepabonde, iyo yakanga ichiripo kwemazuva 5 mushure mekuita kwavo zvepabonde pakupedzisira. Pitchers et al. munguva pfupi ichangobva kunyoresa kuti ruzivo rwepabonde hunoita kuti munhu ave nemafungiro ehutano mumakumbo evarume, mune ratsva rune ruzivo rwepabonde rinoratidza kuwedzera kwekugadzirisa mhinduro kumamfetamine kana ichienzaniswa nemhuka dzepabonde dzinokonzera zvepabonde [15]. Kufanana kwekutsvaga uku nehuwandu hwemashoko ikozvino pachena, nokuti hutano hwekuita hunoti kuwedzera kukundwa / kutengesa kune zvinodhaka zvekushungurudzwa. Maererano nemashoko aripo emhuka dzinogadzirisa zvepabonde, iyo yakashushikanwa yekushungurudza yakaitika yakanyorwa shure kwekugadziriswa kwepakati mukati; imwe nzira inofanana neyo inoshandiswa mubasa rekupa kupa rats ruchiita zvepabonde, uye vhiki imwe mushure mekupedzisira kwekugadzirisa kusangana; a latency kufanana nezuva re5 rakabvumira kusati raongororwa chirwere che 5-HT mubasa redu.
Zvinofadza kuti Pitchers nevashandi pamwe chete vakaedzawo kuitika kwekudzokorora kwejjulisa pazuva re7 rinopfurikidza pamusana weAmphetamine-induced locomotor sensitization phenomenon uye havana kuwana misiyano nemhinduro yakapiwa mushure mekukwirirana kwepakati [15]. Iyi dhepano inopesana neyo yakanyanya kufanirwa uye shorter dura hypersensitivity kune 8-OH-DPAT pano inonzi yakarohwa nemakumbo ekurara kana ichienzaniswa nemhuka dzine ruzivo rwepabonde. Uku kukanganisika kunogona kuvimba nekuti muhutano hwekuita zvepabonde paradigm inowanzoitwa ejaculation (7 muvhareji) inowanikwa munguva shoma shoma (yakapoteredza 2.5 h) uye zvingadaro zvinokonzera nzira yakasiyana kupfuura iyo yakagadzirwa nejeri rimwe zuva pazuva 7 zuva rinotevera. Mhedzisiro huru mumugumisiro wemaparadimu maviri aya inowanikwa munguva yehutachiona hwehutachiona, iyo yakangotora mazuva 3 chete mumakonzo anopedza zvepabonde uye yakachengetwa zvishoma kwemazuva e28 mumakumbo akadzokidzwa kubatana panguva ye 7 mazuva akatevera muPitchers work.
Pamwe chete, nhoroondo pano inoratidzirwa inoratidza kuti basa rekugadzirisa munharaunda rinowanzobata huropi hunoita basa revarume, kuburikidza nekuchinja chivharo chezviito zvechirwere. Kuita satiation, kunyanya, kunokonzera zvose zvinodhaka zvinokonzerwa nemishonga uye hutano hwepabonde hunofanirwa kutevera nguva yakafanana yekugadzirisa, kuratidzira kuderera kukuru 96 h mushure mekuita zvepabonde. Iyo yakagara kwenguva refu yezviitiko zvose zvinongotsanangurwa chete nekuitika kwehurosi yeupolitiki plastiki iyo, inofadza, inonyangarika zvishoma nezvishoma munguva inoratidza kuchinja kwakasununguka. Zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti kukanganisa kwenguva refu kwepabonde kunokonzerwa nekukwirirana nekuita satiation kunosanganisira nzira yekudzivirira inopesana nekusimudzirwa kwemakwikwi europi anobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kwayo. Mazisolimbic system inobatanidzwa mukugadziriswa kwezvipo zvepanyama zvinosanganisira tsika dzepabonde [2]. Kugadziriswa kwechiitiko ichi nguva dzose kuburikidza nekugadziriswa kwekutengesa kwezvinodhaka zvekushungurudza kunounza hutano hwekuita hukama [16] hunofanana nehutachiona hwemishonga hunoratidzwa nemakumbo aneta zvepabonde mushure mekudzokorora kuwedzerwa kwenguva pfupi, iyo inoramba ichikurudzira mesolimbic system [2].
Izvozvo zvinokonzera madhigirii emadhora emishonga yekunyadzisira kwechirwere uye kuvhiringidza zvepabonde pano zvakataurwa zvinogona kududzirwa sehuchapupu hwekuitika kwavo pa mesolimbic system. Zvose zviitiko zvinogona kunge zvakasiyana-siyana zvechimwe chinhu, chinopedzisira, chepfungwa yeupolitiki inoparidzirwa chinangwa chekuchengetedza mesolimbic system kubva pakukurudzira zvakanyanya mukati mekukanganiswa kuneta.
Ongororo yeramangwana inofanira kuendeswa kunotarirwa nzira dzinogona kuitika mune imwe nzira inonakidza: kuiswa kwekugara kwenguva refu muuropi kushanda kunoita sekudzokeredzwa.
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