COMMENTS: Delta-FosB ikemikari yeuropi (chinyorwa chinhu) chakakosha mukuumbwa kwezvinodhaka. Iyo inovaka mu "zvakasikwa kupindwa muropa," senge yakanyanya kudyiwa kwemafuta / kweshuga chikafu, uye akakwirira mazinga eerobic kurovedza muviri uye kuita zvepabonde (uye pasina mubvunzo, kupindwa muropa nezvinonyadzisira). Mamwe masosi anoratidza kuti inoderera kwakatenderedza 6-8th vhiki rekurega kubva kune zvinodhaka kana hunhu.
NaWilliam McCall
http://biopsychiatry.com/cocaine/index.htm
Cocaine inogona kuva imwe yemishonga yakaoma zvikuru yekurapa nokuti inokonzera chivako cheprotini chinoramba chichiri muuropi uye chinosimudzira majini anowedzera kuda kwechirwere, tsvakurudzo itsva inoratidza.
Masayendisiti paYale School of Medicine vakakwanisa kuparadzanisa mapuroteni anogara kwenguva refu, anonzi Delta-FosB, uye anoratidza kuti yakabvisa kusagadzikana apo yakasunungurwa kune imwe nzvimbo yeropa rwemagetsi anogadzirwa nemajini.
Protein (inonzi fawz-bee) haina kuburitswa muuropi kusvikira vakapindwa muropa vakashandisa cocaine kakawanda, kana kunyange kwemakore akati wandei. Asi kana iko kuvaka kwatanga, kudiwa kwemushonga kunowedzera uye hunhu hwemushandisi hunowedzera kumanikidza.
"Zvinenge sekuchinja kwema molekyulu," akadaro Eric Nestler, uyo akatungamira kutsvagurudza. "Kana yangopepetwa, inoramba iripo, uye haibve nyore."
Zvakawanikwa izvi, kuti zviburitswe neChina mumagazini reNature, zvakanzi "zvakaisvonaka" uye "zvinopenya" nevamwe vaongorori vakati zvakapa humbowo hwekutanga hwekongiri hwekuti kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka kunokonzeresa shanduko yakati rebei mukemikari yehuropi.
Chidzidzo chacho chinoratidza kuti genetics haisi chinhu chinokonzera kusvuta pane kushandiswa kwemishonga kwenguva yakareba, akadaro Alan Leshner, mutungamiriri weNational Institute on Drug Abuse, iyo yakabhadhara chikamu chekudzidza.
"Majini ako haatenderi iwe kupindwa muropa," akadaro Leshner.
"Ivo vanongoita kuti iwe uwedzere, kana kuti zvishoma, utore. Hatina kumbobvira tawana geni rimwe rinokutadzisa kuve munhu akapindwa muropa, kana iro rinonongedza kuti unozopindwa muropa. ”
Nestler nevamwe vake vaisanganisira kuongorora genetic uye biochemical kuti vaparadzanise neprotaine yeDelta-FosB uye nzvimbo yehuropi inobata, saka maitiro ekudzidzira pamakonzo.
Kana imwe nguva Delta-FosB inowedzera, inotanga kutonga majenesi anodzora nzvimbo yeuropi inonzi nucleus accumbens, nzvimbo inobatanidzwa mukunyadzisa uye mhinduro dzinofadza.
Vaifungidzira kuti Delta-FosB inobatsirawo mamwe majeni anounza biochemical compounds anonzi glutamates, anotakura mashoko mumakumbo europi. Vagashiri mumasero europi vanova nehanya zvikuru ne glutamate, kunyanya mu nucleus accumbens.
Kuti vaedze dzidziso, vakaisa geni inosanganisirwa ne glutamate muiyo nucleus yakaunganidzwa nemakonzo ekuyedza. Idzo mbeva dzakaratidza kuwedzera "kunoshamisa" kwekunzwa kwecocaine, vakashuma.
"Uku ndiko kufambira mberi kukuru mukunzwisisa kwedu kwekupindwa muropa," akadaro Francis White, sachigaro wecellular uye molecular pharmacology kuFinch University yeHutano Sayenzi muChicago.
Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vaive vakangwarira, vachicherechedza kuti kusvuta ndekugadzirwa kwakaoma kuvanhu nokuti kwakabatanidzwa nekudzidza uye akawanda makemikari nzira muuropi.
"Hazvisi pachena kwandiri kuti pane nzira yakasarudzika yemorekoreti inozoshandiswa mukushandisa zvinodhaka uye isingavhiringidze kumwe kudzidza," akadaro Gary Aston-Jones weUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.
Chido che cocaine chinogona kuva chakasimba kwazvo, chinodhakwa zvakare chinenge chakadzivirira mushonga kwemakore chingatanga kunzwa nhangemutange yemwoyo yake nekuona chimwe chinhu chinoshandiswa nekushandisa zvinodhaka, sekuda $ 100 bill kana imwe nzvimbo yemigwagwa, Aston- Jones akati.
"Iwe unoda kugogodza ndangariro dzechinodhaka asi iwe haudi kudzima ndangariro dzenzira yekumba," akadaro.
Steve Hyman, mutungamiri weNational Institute of Mental Health, akati chidzidzo chacho chakaratidzawo kuti chivako che Delta-FosB protein chinogona kuva chikonzero nemamwe madhiragi, kusanganisira amphetamine, morphine, heroin uye nicotine.
"Iri ibwe rinokosha rekutsika asi pane mugwagwa wakareba wekufamba," akadaro Hyman.
;