Heano maitiro mashomanana anowanzobatwa nemishonga, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa kune zvimwe zvinhu kana maitiro ekuita zvinodhaka. Mu 2011, the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) yakataura kuti zvimwe zviratidzo, zviratidzo uye maitiro zvinoratidza boka renyeredzi rehutano hwehutano hwehutano.
Kupindwa muropa nemibvunzo - American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV)
Pindura hungu kana kwete kumibvunzo minomwe inotevera. Mibvunzo yakawanda inowedzera chikamu chimwe chete, nokuti munhu wose anoita zvisiyane zvakasiyana mukudhakwa. Iwe unongoda kupindura hongu kune chimwe chikamu chemuti iwoyo kuti uverenge semhinduro yakanaka.
- Kushivirira. Ko kushandiswa kwako kwakanyanya kudarika nguva (kuwedzera) here?
- Kubvisa. Paunomira kushandisa, wakambosangana nekugadzikana kwepanyama kana kwepfungwa here? Wakambove nechimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera: kusagadzikana, kushungurudzika, kunyunyutika, musoro, kusuruvara, kushungurudza, kana kurutsa?
- Dambudziko rokudzora kushandisa kwako. Iwe dzimwe nguva unoshandisa zvimwe kana kwenguva yakareba kupfuura iwe waunoda here?
- Zvakaipa zvinoguma. Wakaenderera mberi kushandisa kunyange zvazvo pave nemigumisiro yakaipa pamanzwiro ako, kuzviremekedza, utano, basa, kana mhuri?
- Kunyanya kuchengetedza kana kushandura mabasa. Wati wambobvisa kana kuderedza hutano hwevanhu, zvekunakidza, basa, kana mabasa emhuri nekuda kwekushandisa kwako here?
- Kutora nguva yakawanda kana simba rekunetseka. Wakambopedza nguva yakawandisa yekuwana, kushandisa, kuvanza, kuronga, kana kuwanazve kubva pakushandisa kwako here? Wakapedza nguva yakawanda uchifunga nezvekushandisa here? Wakambovanza here kana kuderedza kushandiswa kwako? Wakambofunga nezvezvirongwa zvekudzivisa kubatwa here?
- Chido chokuderedza. Wakambofunga nezvekuchera kana kudzora kushandiswa kwako here? Wakamboita here kubudirira kwekuedza kuderedza kana kudzora kushandisa kwako?
Kana wakapindura hungu kune zvishoma 3 yemibvunzo iyi, iwe unosangana nemashoko ekurapa ekudhakwa. Iyi tsanangudzo inobva kuAmerica Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV) uye World Health Organization (ICD-10). (1)
Imwe mienzaniso iri nyore yeku kunzwisisa kusagadzikana ndeyokushandisa maC C mana:
- Kumanikidza kushandisa
- Yakapfuurira shandisa pasinei nemigumisiro yakaipa
- Kusakwanisa masimba shandisa
- Kuda - zvepfungwa kana zvepanyama
Zvinodhaka zvinogona kuendeswa nekuzvidzivirira kwepanyama uye zviratidzo zvekusiya.
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