ngu-Alain de Botton
Wonke amaqembu, ngakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla, akholelwa inkululeko. Umbuzo wukuthi kunezindlela zokuba nazo kakhulu inkululeko, noma ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela engalungile, ukuze iqale ukulimaza ezinye izinto esizikhathalelayo, njengokuchuma, ukuphepha nenjabulo.
Inkinga ifika ekhanda ngezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi. Umbono ojwayelekile ukuthi abantu kufanele bashiywe ukubheka izithombe ezingcolile, njengoba nje kufanele bashiye ukuthenga izibhamu, badle ukudla okungenampilo, ukuhlukanisa futhi baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde benze lutho ngamakhono abo: yizwe elikhululekile, ngemva kwakho konke.
Kodwa yini inkululeko? Uma ulalela isazi semfundiso yenkolo nesazi sefilosofi uSt Augustine, inkululeko yangempela ayisho ilungelo lokwenza noma yini. Kusho ukunikezwa ukufinyelela konke okudingekayo ekuphileni okuchuma - futhi, kulandela, ukuvikelwa ezintweni eziningi ezichitha impilo.
Cabangela izithombe zobulili ezingcolile. Ingxenye yenkinga ukuthi kuyalimaza kakhulu kwabanye abantu, njengoba utshwala nokuqothula i-cocaine. Ama-commentators angaphenyi ngalolu daba kakhulu, okungenzeka ukuthi ube ne-Playboy ngaphakathi noma wabamba ukubuka kuqala kwefilimu engenangqondo esiteshini sethelevishini sehhotela elula kakhulu kangangokuba akukho nkinga. Kodwa kukhona. Ukubambisana okungaqondakali okwakhiwa uCisco, Dell, et al futhi izinkulungwane zabahlinzeki bezithombe zobulili ezingcolile manje bathole indlela yokuxhaphaza iphutha lokuklama ngobulili besilisa. Ubuchopho ekuqaleni oklanyelwe ukubhekana nesilingo esingaphezu kwesilingo esithile esithile sokuthi u-tribe of the savannah ulahlekelwa yilokho okunikezwa manje enetheni ngokuchofoza kwenkinobho: lapho ubhekene nokunikezwa kokubamba iqhaza ukuze uhlanganyele ngokuqhubekayo ezimweni ezivela ngaphandle ukuphoswa yingqondo enesifo seMarquis de Sade. Akukho lutho olwanele ngokwanele ekwenzeni kwethu kwengqondo ukukhokhela ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono ethu kwezobuchwepheshe.
Sithinteka kulokho esikufundayo nokukubona. Izinto azihambi nje kuphela. Sithandekayo futhi ikakhulukazi izidalwa ezingenangqondo ezihlushwa yi-hormone ezibhubhisayo nezifiso, okusho ukuthi asisoze sasilahlekelwa yimibono yethu yangempela yesikhathi eside. Yize lokhu kusengozini kungase kuthukise isithombe sethu, izithombe ezingalungile zingasithumela phansi ithrekhi embi. Ukuthintana nohlobo oluthile lwevidyo kliphu engathandeki kungadlala ingxabano nezinkampani zethu zokuziphatha. Lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele sigweme yonke inkululeko yethu ekugunyazeni okungaqondakali, kodwa siphakamisa ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi singayamukela umkhawulo wokuzikhethela inkululeko yethu kwezinye izimo ezithile, ngenxa yenhlalakahle yethu futhi amandla ethu okukhula. Ngezikhathi zobuncwane, kufanele sikwazi ukuziqonda thina ngokwethu ukuthi ukukhululeka okungenakuphikiswa kungasikhathalela, futhi-uma kuziwa ezingcolile zobulili-inthanethi - singase senze ngokwabo umusa omkhulu uma sithatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa lokho esikudlayo.
Kungenzeka ukuthi yibo kuphela abantu abangazange bazizwe benamandla okulala ocansini ngaphezu kobuhlakani babo abangakwazi ukuhlala bengabonakali futhi bekhululekile "banamuhla" ngale ndaba. I-Philosophies yokukhululwa ngokobulili ikakhulukazi kubantu abangenawo okulimazayo noma okumangalisayo okufisa ukukwenza uma bekhululiwe.
Kodwa-ke, noma ubani oye wabona amandla ezocansi ezithombeni eziningi ezingcolile kanye ne-intanethi ikakhulukazi ukuvuselela izinto eziza kuqala, akunakwenzeka ukuthi abe namandla kakhulu ngokukhululeka. Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, njengotshwala nezidakamizwa, buthaka amandla ethu okukhuthazelela izinhlobo zokuhlupheka okudingekayo ukuba siqondise izimpilo zethu ngokufanele. Ngokuyinhloko, kuncipha amandla ethu okubekezelela lezo zimpahla ezimbili ezingamangalisa, ukukhathazeka nokukhungatheka. Imizwa yethu yokukhathazeka ingokoqobo kodwa ididekile ukuthi kukhona into enhle, ngakho-ke idinga ukulalelwa futhi isichazwe ngesineke-okungenakwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke uma kufanele sinikeze elinye lamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu okuphazamiseka okwakusungulwa. I-intanethi yonke inomqondo ongcolile, ingumkhululi wenjabulo yansuku zonke esingenayo ikhono elingenasisekelo lokumelana nalo, uhlelo oluholela endleleni engezansi eziningi eziningi ezingahlangene nezidingo zethu zangempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zinciphisa ukubekezelelana kwethu ngohlobo lwesithukuthezi okubalulekile ukunikeza izingqondo zethu isikhala lapho imibono emihle ingavela khona, uhlobo lokuzikhandla okudala esikuhlangenwe nakho ekugeza noma kuhambo olude.
Izinkolo kuphela ezithatha ubulili ngokungathí sina, ngomqondo wokubonga amandla ocansi ukusikhumbuza ezintweni eziza kuqala. Izinkolo kuphela ezibona ubulili njengengozi engozini kanye nento esiyidingayo ukuze siqashwe. Singase singahawukeli yiziphi izinkolo ezingasifisa ukuba sigxilise kuzo esikhundleni sezocansi, singase singathandi indlela abacabangela ngayo, kodwa bayaqaphela ukuthi izithombe zobulili zingabhekana namakhono ethu aphakeme angokwengqondo ngokukhululeka okukhulu.
Izwe elingokwenyama lihlambalaza ngokukhethekile ukugqugquzelwa kwamaSulumane we-hijab kanye ne-burka. Umqondo umuntu angase adinge ukuzifihla kusuka ekhanda kuya enzwaneni, ngoba amakholwa angase alahlekelwe ukugxila ku-Allah emva kokubona othile eboshiwe ngokucacile, kubonakala sengathi uyazikhukhumeza kulabo abagcinayo. Ingabe umuntu omdala onengqondo angashintsha empilweni yakhe ngenxa yokubukwa kwamabili amadolokazi noma amacilongo amancane? Kungabe kungadingeki ukuthi umuntu abe yingqondo ebuthakathaka ukuze ahlushwe kabi yiqembu lezingane ezisenqenqemeni-zezinyawo ezihamba ngezingubo ezivusa amadlingozi phansi kwebala lolwandle?
Izwe elingenalo izwe alikho izinkinga nge-bikinis nokukhukhumeza ngokocansi kwazo zonke izinhlobo ngoba, phakathi kwezinye izizathu, akakholelwa ukuthi ubulili nobuhle banamandla okuba namandla angaphezu kwethu. Omunye uhloselwe ukukwazi ukubona ubuhle, inthanethi noma empeleni - futhi uqhubeke nokuphila komuntu njengokungathi akukho okwenzile okwenzekile.
Akusilo ukuhlambalaza ubuhle besintu ukuphakamisa ukuthi le ndaba ingase ingabi lula kakhulu. Ngempela, kuyisiko emandleni obuhle ukucabanga ngenye indlela. Izinkolo zingase zihlekwa usulu ngenxa yokuqapha, kodwa kude nayo. Kuze kube manje izinkolo zisixwayisa ngokumelene nobulili, akuveli ekuqaphelweni okusebenzayo mayelana nezintelezi namandla okufisa. Babengeke bacabange ukuthi ubulili bububi kakhulu, uma bebengasazi ukuthi kungaba kuhle kakhulu - futhi uma bengenasibindi ngokwanele ukuvuma ukuthi lokhu kusho ukuthi kuyophinde ifinyelele endleleni yabanye izinto ezibalulekile futhi eziyigugu, njengoNkulunkulu noma impilo yakho.
Ngisho noma singasazikholelwa kuNkulunkulu, ukucindezeleka okubonakala kubalulekile ezilwaneni zethu nasekusebenzeni okwanele komphakathi olalelwe futhi onothando. Ingxenye ye-libido yethu kumele iphoqelelwe ngaphansi komhlaba, ukucindezelwa kwakungekhona nje kumaKatolika, amaSulumane namaVictoria, kufanele abe nathi kuze kube phakade. Ngenxa yokuthi kufanele sisebenze, sizinikezele ebuhlotsheni, sinakekele izingane zethu futhi sihlole izingqondo zethu, asikwazi ukuvumela izifiso zethu zobulili ukuziveza ngaphandle komkhawulo, ku-intanethi noma ngenye indlela; bekuzosibhubhisa. Ubulili bungamandla okungafanele sibheke noma ukuthi sifuna ukuba "sikhululiwe" ngokuphelele.
U-Alain de Botton ungumbhali wencwadi entsha, "Indlela Yokucabangela Ngayo Ngezocansi, "Enyatheliswa yi-Picador futhi ingxenye yochungechunge lwezincwadi zokuzisiza. Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi, iya ku- www.theschooloflife.com
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