Amazwana we-YBOP: Amazinga aphansi ama-dopamine receptors (D2) ahlotshaniswa nenkinga yokukhathazeka komphakathi. Abasebenzisi abaningi be-porn abasindayo babhekana nokukhathazeka komphakathi. Abanye babika ukwanda kokukhathazeka komphakathi ngemuva kokuzitika ngocansi. Kwabaningi ukukhathazeka kuthuthukisa ukulandela ukuziyeka - kwabathile isikhashana, abanye isikhathi eside. Khumbula ukuthi ukukhuthaza ngokweqile (izidakamizwa) kuholela ekwehliseni ama-dopamine D2 receptors. Qaphela: Angisho ukuthi i-porn ibangela wonke amacala we-SAD.
Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Mar;157(3):457-9.
Schneier FR, Liebowitz MR, Abi-Dargham A, Zea-Ponce Y, Lin SH, Laruelle M. Anxcare Disways Clinic kanye ne-Brain Imaging Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York 10032, USA.
ISIHLOKO: Lolu cwaningo luqhathanise i-dopamine D (2) receptor ebopha amandla ezigulini ezine-phobia yomphakathi kanye nezifundo zokuqhathanisa ezinempilo.
INDLELA: I-Dopamine D (2) amandla okubopha i-receptor ihlolwe kwizifundo ze-10 ezingenazincwadi nge-phobia ejwayelekile yomphakathi futhi azikho izifundo ezibalulekile zempilo yengqondo kanye ne-10 yezifundo zokuqhathanisa ezinempilo ezihambisana nobudala nobulili. Ikhono lokuhlanganisa lilinganiswa ku-striatum ngokusebenzisa i-single photon emission computerised tomography kanye nokumiswa njalo kwe-D (2) receptor radiotracer [(123) I] iodobenzamide ([(123) I] IBZM).
IZIPHUMA: I-mean D (2) amandla okuhlanganisa ama-receptor ayephansi kakhulu ezifundweni nge-phobia yomphakathi kunezifundo zokuqhathanisa. Eqenjini le-phobia lezenhlalo, bekukhona ukuhlangana okungabalulekanga kokubopha okungenzeka nge-Liebowitz Social Anxcare Scale amaphuzu.
IMIBUZO: I-phobia yomphakathi ejwayelekile ingahlotshaniswa nokubopha okuphansi kwe- [(123) I] IBZM kuya ku-D (2) ama-receptors e-striatum.
INTRO
I-subtype ejwayelekile ye-phobia yenhlalo, ebonakala ngokwesaba kanye / noma ukugwema izimo eziningi zenhlalo, ingelapheki (1), iyakheka (2), futhi ingahlanganyela izici zokuziphatha ngesimo sezenhlalo esiphansi ezilwaneni (3), kepha i-biology of phobia yomphakathi ifundwe kancane. Ubufakazi bokuhlangana kwe-phobia yezenhlalo ngokudluliselwa okungajwayelekile ohlelweni lwe-dopamine kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa ngempumelelo kwama-inhibitors e-monoamine oxidase kepha hhayi ama-antidepressants (4), kwabantu be-dopamine transporter density in general phobia social (5), amazinga aphansi we-CSF we-Homovanillic acid phakathi kweziguli zokwethuka kokugula nge-comorbid phobia social (6), izinga eliphakeme le-phobia yomphakathi phakathi kweziguli ezinesifo sikaParkinson (7), futhi anda izimpawu ze-phobia zenhlalo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-haloperidol kweziguli ezinesifo sikaTourette's (8).
Kulolu cwaningo siqhathanise i-dopamine D2 i-receptor yokubopha okungenzeka kwiziguli ezine-phobia ejwayelekile yomphakathi kanye nezifundo zokuqhathanisa ezinempilo.
INDLELA
Izifundo eziyishumi ezine-phobia yezenhlalo zaqashwa ngokukhangiswa nokudluliselwa emtholampilo; iminyaka yobudala babo yayiyiminyaka ye-32.5 (SD = 10.4), futhi leli qembu lalinamadoda amahlanu nabesifazane abahlanu. Zonke izifundo zazinempilo ngokomzimba njengokunqunywa kokuhlola okuphelele kwezokwelapha, ngaphandle kokusebenza kwengqondo okukhona manje noma kwempilo yonke, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuphathelene nezinto eziphilayo, ukucindezelwa okukhulu, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuxakile, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwangemva kokugula, ukuphazamiseka kokudla, ukugula okuphathelene nokuntuleka kokunaka, ukubekezela ukuhlukumeza noma ukuncika, i-schizotypal noma umngcele wobuntu, noma umlando womndeni we-schizophrenia. Izihloko eziyishumi zokuqhathanisa okunempilo, ezifaniswa nobudala nezocansi futhi ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwanje noma kwangaphambilini, zaqashwa ngokukhangiswa. Ukuxilongwa kwaqinisekiswa ngokusebenzisa i-Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disriers (9).
Zonke izifundo zazingenamithi yokwelashwa kwengqondo okungenani unyaka, futhi kwenziwa isikrini sezidakamizwa ngaphambi kokuthwetshulwa. Ngemuva kwencazelo ephelele yocwaningo ezifundweni, imvume ebhaliwe ebhaliwe yatholakala.
Isikali se-Liebowitz Social Anxcare Scale (10) yayisetshenziselwa ukukala ubulukhuni be-phobia yomphakathi. D2 amandla wokubopha we-receptor akalwa ngokusebenzisa i-radiotracer [123I] iodobenzamide ([123I] IBZM) nge-single Photon ekhishwe ngekhompiyutha, ngendlela ye-bolus plus infusion indlela, njengoba kuchaziwe phambilini (11). Iphrofayili yesifunda ejwayelekile yokuthola isisindo nobukhulu obujwayelekile isetshenzisiwe ukuhlaziya izifundo. Izifunda zesifunda sangakwesobunxele kanye nezifunda ngokuzimela zazimi ngezithombe ezifingqiwe. Ukubopha okucacisiwe kwabalwa njengomehluko phakathi kokusebenza kwe-striatal nomsebenzi we-occipital ngokulinganayo. [123I] I-IBZM engabopha engaba khona (ku-ml / g), ehambelana nomkhiqizo wobuningi be-receptor density (Bmax, ku-nM noma ama-picomoles gramu ngayinye yezicubu zobuchopho) nobudlelwano (1 / KD, ku-1 / nM noma ngo-milliliters we-plasma nge-picomole ngayinye ye- [123I] IBZM), yabalwa njengesilinganiso sokubopha okuqondile kwe-striatal (ngamakhompiyutha ngegremu ngalinye lezicubu zobuchopho) ukuya esimeni samahhala we-plasma tracer (stateconomy per milliliter per plasma) (12).
Ukuqhathanisa kweqembu kusetshenziswe izivivinyo ze-t ezingalayitwanga ezimbili ezinomsila nge-alpha ye-0.05. Amandla okubopha ahlobene nobunzima bemitholampilo ngemininingwane eshintshiwe isikhundla (i-Spearman simo uxhumano).
IZIPHUMA
Kwakungekho mehluko obalulekile weqembu ngokobudala, ubulili, ubuhlanga, imfundo, isimo somshado, noma ukuzalwa.
Kube nomehluko omkhulu ku- [123I] IBZM yokubopha engaba khona phakathi kwamaqembu (t = 2.6, df = 18, p = 0.02), ngekhono eliphansi lokubopha ezigulini ezine-phobia ejwayelekile yomphakathi (chaza = 93.6 ml / g, SD = 29.8) kunasezifundweni zokuqhathanisa ( kusho = 133.5 ml / g, SD = 38.2) (F1). Eqenjini le-phobia lezenhlalo, bekukhona ukuhlangana okungakhi okungekuhle kokuzibopha okungenzeka ngesibalo esiphelele ku-Liebowitz Social Anxcare Scale (rs= –0.59, N = 10, p = 0.07).
UKUKHULUMA
Lokhu okutholakele kusikisela ukuthi i-phobia ejwayelekile yomphakathi ingahle ihlotshaniswe ne-D ephansi2 i-receptor yokubopha engaba khona ku-striatum. Phansi D2 amandla wokubopha we-receptor angavumelana nokutholakele kohlelo lwe-dopamine low in phobia social.
Lolu cwaningo lukhawulelwe inani elincane lezihloko. Futhi, ngoba munye kuphela umsebenzi wokuhlola owenziwe ngokuqondile okwenziwe ngesifundo ngasinye, D2 Ubuningi be-receptor nobulungu abukwazanga ukukalwa.
Lokhu okutholakele kubonakala kufana nalokhu okuvela kwizifundo zezilwane zesimo senhlalo esiphansi, okuphakanyisiwe ukuthi kuhlanganyele izici zokuziphatha ne-phobia yabantu (3). Isibonelo, ucwaningo lwamuva nje lwe-positron emission tomography lezinkawu zabesifazane be-cynomolgus (13) ukhombise i-striatal D ephansi2 ukubopha ngaphansi kwabangaphansi, okufanayo nokuthola kwethu ku-phobia yomphakathi ejwayelekile. Izilwane zesimo esiphansi sezenhlalo zingaba yimodeli elusizo yokuqonda umsebenzi wobuchopho obukhona ngaphansi kobuntu bomuntu.
Phansi D2 I-receptor binding ibukeka okungenani icacele okuthile ku-phobia yenhlalo, kunokuba imele i-correlate engathandeki yokuxineka noma ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. D2 ukubopha akutholakalanga kuphansi ku-schizophrenia (14) noma ukucindezelwa okukhulu (15). Kubikwa ukuthi liphansi ekuphazamiseni izidakamizwa (16), okuvame ukuhlanganiswa nge-phobia yomphakathi (17).
Le mininingwane iphakamisa ukuthi low D2 amandla wokubopha we-receptor angahlanganiswa ne-phobia yomphakathi. Kuhlanganiswe nemiphumela evela kwezinye izikhungo, le datha ingeza kubufakazi obukhulayo bokuthi D2 umsebenzi we-receptor ulingisa ukusebenza kwezenhlalo kubantu.
Yamukelwe ngoFeb. 23, 1999; Ukubuyekezwa kutholwe ngoJulayi 13 no-Aug. 27, 1999; yamukelwe ngo-Sept. 2, 1999. Kusuka eMtholampilo Wezifo Zokukhathazeka kanye neBrain Imaging Division, eNew York State Psychiatric Institute; kanye noMnyango Wezifo Zengqondo, iColumbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, eNew York. Akukho okuphrintiwe okutholakalayo. Ukubhalelwa kwekheli kuDkt Schneier, Anxcare Disways Clinic, Unit 69, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Dr., New York, NY 10032; [i-imeyili ivikelwe] (i-imeyili). Ixhaswe izibonelelo ezivela eSycamore Foundation nakuSolvay Pharmaceuticals nakuNIMH Independent Scientist Award MH-01603 kuya kuDkt Laruelle. Ababhali babonga uKathy Rivera, Tami Edward, Janine Rodenhiser, Ph.D., Suehee Chung, Mali Pratap, Ted Pozniakoff, Richard Weiss, Dan Schneider, no-Analea Arevalo ngosizo lwezobuchwepheshe.
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I-Dopamine D2 I-Receptor Binding Potential in Patients With Generalized Social Phobia kanye Nezempilo Zokuqhathanisa Okunempilo
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