- I-athikili yilokhu okuphathelene nalolu cwaningo: Ukucubungula Ukuguqulwa Kwamabonakaliso Omabili Okungalungile Nokungalungi Ngama-VTA Dopamine Neuronal
Ngo-Tom Corwin, ngeSonto, ngo-Feb. 20, i-2011
UFredrick no-Antonio Jackson noLaura Rodriguez basine ngemuva kokujaha ama-karts e-Adventure Crossing. Bavuma ukuthi bathanda injabulo encane nobungozi - ngemuva kwakho konke, bangamaMarines. U-Antonio, 27, uthanda ama-roller coasters.
“Kwesinye isikhathi uthola umuzwa wokuthi, 'Angikholwa ukuthi ngenze nje lokho,'” kusho yena. “Uma usukile kuyo, ufana nokuthi, 'O, kufanele ngibuyele kulokhu. Bekumnandi.' ”
Njengoba kuvela, ubuchopho babanye abantu bungajabulela ukwesaba okuncane, ngokusho kocwaningo oluvela eGeorgia Health Sciences University naseShanghai Institute of Brain Functional Genomics eChina. Ucwaningo lwabo, olushicilelwe ngesonto eledlule kumagazini i-PLoSOne, wagxila kwi-neurons eveza i-dopamine endaweni yokuvimbela indawo, noma i-VTA, ebuchosheni.
"Embhalweni wezincwadi, i-VTA iyisikhungo semiklomelo noma ihileleke kakhulu ekuluthweni yizidakamizwa," kusho omunye wababhali uDkt. Joe Z. Tsien, ongumqondisi obambisene weBrain and Behavior Discovery Institute e-GHSU. Phambilini bekucatshangwa ukuthi konke ebikwenza kuphendula futhi kuqinisa impendulo ezintweni ezinhle.
"Lokho iphepha lethu elizokukhombisa ukuthi akunjalo," kusho uTsien.
Abacwaningi basebenze ngamagundane abanobuchopho babo babhekwa ngama-electrode ukurekhoda ukudubula kwangempela kwe-neurons. Ngaleso sikhathi babeshukunyiswa kahle, njengokuthola i-pellet yeshukela, nesisindo sokwenza ukwesaba, njengokuthungatha ibhokisi igundane lingaphakathi. Cishe wonke ama-neuron akhiqiza i-dopamine kule ndawo yobuchopho asabela ezenzakalweni zesaba, kusho uTsien.
Lezo zinzwa aziphenduli "emvuzweni kuphela kepha futhi, ziqine kakhulu emicimbini engemihle," esho. Yize iningi lama-neurons lalicindezelwe noma livaliwe ngenxa yokwesaba, "lalinokubuyiswa" okukhulu ekuzijabuliseni ngemuva kokuphela komcimbi, kusho uTsien.
"La ma-neuron anganikeza uhlobo oluthile lwencazelo yemishini yokushayela isimilo sokufuna ukuzijabulisa," esho. “Lezo yizigameko ezesabekayo, kepha singabona ukuthokozela okukhulu okungaholela ekukhishweni kwe-dopamine, okungahle kuchaze ukuthi kungani abanye abantu - hhayi bonke abantu, abanye abantu beyigwema - bezizwa behehwa yile ndlela yokuziphatha eyingozi kakhulu . ”
Eqinisweni, abacwaningi bakwazile ukuthola iqoqo lezinzwa, cishe amaphesenti angama-25 kuleyo ndawo yobuchopho, abebeneme ngemicimbi yokwesaba, kusho uTsien. Ngenxa yemfundiso yangaphambilini yokuthi indawo yobuchopho yayikhetha izikhuthazo ezinomvuzo, lokho "kwakumangalisa kakhulu," esho.
"Lokho futhi kungaba yingxenye yalokhu kulungiswa noma ukuqhutshwa kokuziphatha okufuna injabulo," esho.
Ukuvuswa kwakuvamise ukuhlanganiswa ngethoni ngaphambili, futhi lezo zimpawu nazo zenza impendulo, kodwa ngokuvamile hhayi lapho isilwane sabekwa ebhokisini elihlukile, kubonisa ukuthi izimpendulo zazingezansi.
Lokho "kungasiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani izindawo zidlala indima ebusa kangaka ekuvuseleleni ukuhahela noma ukuqinisa imikhuba," kusho ucwaningo.
Iphinde ikhombise ukuthi ubuhlobo phakathi komvuzo nokujeziswa akusiyo inqunywe-futhi-yomisiwe, kusho uTsien.
"Bayizihlobo," esho. “Uma uthola ibhonasi zonke izinsuku, emva kwesikhashana awuboni ukuthi lo ngumvuzo ngoba kulindelekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma nsuku zonke uthola isijeziso futhi ngelinye ilanga ungasitholi, uzizwa ukuthi lowo ngumvuzo. Yingakho ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kuzosisiza ukuthi siqonde ukuthi kungani ubuchopho bethu buqhubeka nokuba nale ndlela yokuziguqula ikwazi ukubhekana nolwazi olubanzi kakhulu, ”okuhle nokubi.
KuDodriguez, kuchaza ukuthi kungani ehlala ebuka ama-movie asabekayo nokugijima.
“Ufuna ibuye futhi,” kusho yena. “Ufuna ukugijima ubuyele emuva bese ugibela ku-roller coaster. Uthola ukuphakama okuncane ngakho. Kuzwakala kumnandi. ”
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