I-ScienceDaily (Julayi 25, 2012) - Ukukhuphula amazinga we-dotamine ye-neurotransmitter ku-cortex yobuchopho kwehle kakhulu kunciphise ukufakwa kwabadala abanempilo, ocwaningweni olwenziwe ngabacwaningi e-Ernest Gallo Clinic kanye neCwaningo Center eYunivesithi yaseCalifornia.
"Ukungabi nomdlandla kuyimbangela yobungozi bokulutha ezintweni eziningi, futhi kuphakanyisiwe ukuthi abantu abanamazinga aphansi e-dopamine ku-cortex engaphambili bavame ukuba nomfutho," kusho umbhali oholayo u-Andrew Kayser, PhD, umphenyi eGallo kanye noprofesa osizayo ye-neurology e-UCSF. "Besifuna ukubona ukuthi singakunciphisa yini ukungafisi ngokunyusa i-dopamine, futhi kubonakala sengathi singakwazi."
Ucwaningo lushicilelwe ngoJulayi 4 ku-Journal of Neuroscience.
Ocwaningweni olulawulwa kabili, olulawulwa yi-placebo, ababambiqhaza abadala abangama-23 banikezwa i-tolcapone, umuthi ovunywe yi-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ovimbela i-enzyme ehlambalaza i-dopamine, noma i-placebo. Abaphenyi babe sebenikeza ababambiqhaza umsebenzi owawulinganisa ukungabi namdlandla, ebacela ukuba benze inkolelo-mbono phakathi kokuthola inani elincane lemali ngokushesha (“okuncane masinyane”) noma inani elikhulu kamuva (“elikhudlwana kamuva”). Umbambiqhaza ngamunye wahlolwa kabili, kanye nge-tolcapone kanye kanye nge-placebo.
Ababambiqhaza - ikakhulukazi labo ababetatazela ngokwengeziwe lapho beqala khona - babenamathuba amaningi okuthi bakhethe inketho ethi "enkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi" ngemuva kokuthatha i-tolcapone kunalokho ababeyikho ngemuva kokuthatha i-placebo.
Ukucatshangelwa kweMagnetic resonance kwenziwa ngenkathi ababambiqhaza bethatha isivivinyo kuqinisekisile ukuthi izifunda zomgwaqo ongaphambili ezihlobene nokwenza izinqumo zazisebenza kakhulu phambi kwe-tolcapone kunaphambi kwe-placebo.
"Ngokwazi kwethu, lesi yisifundo sokuqala ukusebenzisa i-tolcapone ukubheka umthelela wokungafisi," kusho uKayser.
Ucwaningo aludalelwanga ukuphenya izizathu zokuthi kunciphisa i-dopamine kuhlangene nokuxoshwa. Kodwa-ke, wachaza u-Kayser, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ukufakwa kuhambisana nokungalingani ku-dopamine phakathi kwe-cortex yangaphambili, ebusa imisebenzi yezokuphatha njengokulawula kwengqondo nokuzilawula, kanye ne-striatum, okucatshangwa ukuthi iyabandakanyeka ekuhlelweni nasekuguqulweni kwe imikhuba ejwayelekile.
"Iningi, uma kungewona wonke, izidakamizwa zokuhlukumeza, njenge-cocaine ne-amphetamine, zibandakanya ngqo noma ngokungaqondile uhlelo lwe-dopamine, ”kusho uKayser. “Bavame ukukhuphula i-dopamine ku-striatum, nayo engavuza isimilo sokujaha. Ngendlela elula kakhulu, i-striatum ithi 'hamba,' futhi i-cortex engaphambili ithi 'yeka.' Uma uphuza i-cocaine, wandisa isignali ethi 'go' futhi isignali ethi 'stop' ayenele ukuyiphikisa. ”
UKayser nethimba lakhe locwaningo bahlela ucwaningo olulandelayo ngemiphumela ye-tolcapone ekuziphatheni kokuphuza. “Uma sesitholile ukuthi abaphuzayo bangayivumela yini le mithi ngokuphepha, sizobona ukuthi ngabe kunomthelela ekutheni baphuza kangakanani ngenkathi beyiphuza,” kusho uKayser.
I-Tolcapone yamukelwa njengomuthi wesifo sika-Parkinson, lapho ukusilela okungapheli kwe-dopamine kuvimbela ukunyakaza.
Ababhali baleli phepha banguDaicia C. Allen, BS, Ana Navarro-Cebrian, PhD, Jennifer M. Mitchell, PhD kanye nomlobi ophezulu uHoward L. Fields, MD, PhD, waseGallo Center kanye ne-UCSF.
Lolu cwaningo lwalwesekelwa yizimali ezivela kwaWheeler Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, i-US Army Telemedicine ne-Advanced Technology Research Center, i-Alcoholic Beverage Medical Research Foundation / The Foundation for Alcohol Research kanye ne-State of California.
I-Journal Reference:
U-Andrew S. Kayser, uDaicia C. Allen, u-Ana Navarro-Cebrian, uJennifer M. Mitchell, noHoward L. Fields. I-Dopamine, Ukuxhuma kweCorticostriatal, kanye nenketho ye-Intertemporal. I-Journal of Neuroscience, 4 Julayi 2012, 32 (27): 9402-9409 DOI: 10.1523 / JNEUROSCI.1180-12.2012
ISIFUNDO
I-Dopamine, ukuxhumana kwe-corticostriatal, nokukhetha okuphakathi.
J Neurosci. I-2012 Jul 4; 32 (27): 9402-9.
IKayser AS, Allen DC, Navarro-Cebrian A, Mitchell JM, Fields HL.
Umthombo
UMnyango We-Neurology, Inyuvesi yaseCalifornia, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, Umtholampilo i-Ernest Gallo kanye neCwaningo Lwesikhungo, i-Emeryville, California 94608, kanye noMnyango we-Neurology, i-Veterans Affairs Northern California Health Care System, Martinez, California 94553.
abstract
Izinqumo ezenzelwe ukubaluleka zibonisa imiphumela yokuziphatha. Ngoba imivuzo ebambezelekile iyaphungulwa, ukuthambekela okukhulayo kokukhetha okuncane, imivuzo esheshayo ingaholela ekukhetheni okungaphezulu. Ukuncishiswa okuqinile kwemivuzo eyephuzile (impulsivity) kufaka phakathi izifundo ngokulimala kwe-lobe yangaphambili nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kubandakanya ukuhlukunyezwa kwezidakamizwa. Ngokulandelana, izifundo zezilwane kanye nobufakazi obuqondile kubantu buveza ukuthi i-dopamine ephansi ku-cortex yangaphambili inomthelela ekunciphiseni okuthe xaxa ngokwenza umsebenzi we-corticostriatal. Ukuhlola le mqondo ngokuqondile, senze ucwaningo olungahleliwe, olungaboni kabili, olwa ne-placebo lapho saphatha khona i-colechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor tolcapone noma i-placebo ngezifundo ezinempilo zenza umsebenzi wokunciphisa ukubambezeleka. I-Tolcapone inyuse kakhulu ukukhetha kwembuyiselo yemali ebambezelekile, futhi lokhu kukhuphuka okwenziwe nge-tolcapone kufakwe emisebenzini eyandisiwe ye-BOLD endaweni ye-ventral putamen ne-anterior insula. I-Tolcapone ibuye yashintsha ukuxhumeka kwe-corticostriatal: ngokuqondile, ngokunciphisa ukwehla kokuhlangana phakathi kwe-ventral putamen kanye ne-cortex ye-cortex yangaphambili. Le miphumela ikhombisa ukuthi ukukhuphula amazinga e-cortical dopamine kukhombisa ukukhetha okuguqukayo ngokuguqula umsebenzi we-corticostriatal.
;