Ungakwazi yini ukuthola umlutha we-ayisikhilimu? Mhlawumbe, isifundo sibonisa
Impela, Iphupho laseMelika likaSt ukunambitha kuhle kakhulu kuyimilutha, kepha ingabe kunjalo, uyazi, umlutha? Kungenzeka yini ukuthi uBen noJerry, uHäagen Dazs, noma uBlue Bell babe ngama-pusher ento efana ne-nicotine? I-Baskin-Robbins-as-crack-house ingahle ibonakale ingenangqondo, futhi umbono wokuthi noma yikuphi ukudla kungamlutha ngomqondo wesayensi kusaphikiswana. Kepha, sikhuluma banzi, ngokuqondene nokujikeleza kobuchopho, injabulo yenjabulo. Amaphethini wokusebenza ngokuvamile abheka okufanayo.
Lapho abacwaningi uKyle S. Burger no-Eric Stice, be Isikhungo Sokucwaninga sase-Oregon, ondle izingane izigaxa zikashokholethi zangempela (ezenziwe ngeHäagen Dazs) ngenkathi izingqondo zezingane ziskenwa, zathola umphumela ofanayo.
Esifundweni esishicilelwe online ngesonto eledlule yi-American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, uBurger noStice baqale ukuhlola intsha ye151, bonke Enempilo isisindo, ngemikhuba yabo yokudla yakamuva nokuthi babekufisa kangakanani ukudla okuthile. Ngemuva kwalokho babaskena emshinini we-fMRI ngenkathi bebakhombisa ukhathuni obisi, ukulinganisa ukunxanela, kulandelwa ukushaqeka kwangempela.
Zonke izingane zazifuna ukushushuluzwa, kepha labo abadla ukhilimu omningi kakhulu emasontweni ambalwa edlule bakujabulele lokho, njengoba kuboniswa emsebenzini wehliselwa ezikhungweni zemivuzo.
Kunjengokungathi izingqondo zabantu abadla u-ayisikhilimu ezinkulu sezishintshiwe, kusho uBurger. "Ngokusebenzisa kakhulu lokhu kudla phansi kulawula izinqubo zomvuzo," echaza. “Lokho-ke kungakwenza udle kakhulu,” ngomzamo wokuzwa injabulo efanayo owake wayijabulela. "Ungahlala uhlanganisa ukufanisa isipiliyoni sangaphambilini," esho, ethatha izingxenye ezinkulu nezinkulu, futhi uzuza isisindo esengeziwe.
Okusemqoka ukuthi, lezi zingane zazinganonile. Lokho kusho ukuthi ubuchopho buyashintsha uBurger akholelwa ukuthi emsebenzini zenzeka ngaphambi kokuba ukukhuluphala kuqale. “Ukudla okuzuzisa kakhulu kudala ushintsho ebuchosheni ngokufana nalokho esikubona ngogwayi notshwala. ... Lokho wukulutha ngokudla, ”kugcizelela u-Ashley Gearhardt, obhekele izifundo ze-Yale psychology PhD naye owenza ucwaningo esebenzisa ubisi. (U-ayisikhilimu oqinile ngeke ondliwe endabeni ethile kwi-fMRI.) Uvumile ukuthi icala lokulutha ukudla "alivuliwe futhi alivaliwe," kepha, uthe, "indawo yethu yokudla idla abantu" ngokwenza ukudla "okwenzelwe ukukhulisa umvuzo ”futhi abantu abasengozini bangaba yimilutha.
IBurger ayiqiniseki kangako. “Ngokwami angisho ukuthi ukudla kuyalutha. Ngithi ukudla okunamandla, ukudla okunoshukela omningi, kungakhipha izimpendulo ze-neural ngesikhathi sokudla okufana nalokho okubonwa ukulutha kwezidakamizwa. Ngakho-ke inezinto ezifana nokulutha. ”
Lokho kungabonakala umehluko ngaphandle kwenhloso, kepha ukulutha ngokweqiniso kuyinkimbinkimbi kunokuncipha komvuzo lapho ubhekene nokulangazelela okukhulu. Kuze kufundwe okuningi, jabulela - okuncane - kwaleyo Super Fudge Chunk.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ayisikhilimu okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuphendula okuncishisiwe kokutholwa kokuthola i-milkshake eyenziwe ngo-ayisikhilimu
February 15, 2012, doi: I-10.3945 / ajcn.111.027003
NginguJ Clin Nutr April 2012 ajcn.027003
Kyle S Burger futhi Eric Stice
abstract
Ingemuva: Ukutholwa kwesisindo kuholela ekuphenduleni kokuphendula kwesifunda somvuzo ekutholakaleni kokudla okune-dense, kanye nokusetshenziswa kokudla okunamandla komoya kuqhathaniswa ne-isocaloric, i-low-energy-density yokudla kuholela ekunciphiseni kwama-dopamine receptors. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-phasic dopamine ekhombisa ukutholwa kokudla okutholakalayo iyancipha ngemuva kokudla okuphindaphindiwe kwalokho kudla, okubonisa ukuthi ukuhlangana njalo kokudla okune-energy dense kunganciphisa ukuphendula okutholayo kokuthola lokho kudla.
Injongo: Sivivinye i-hypothesis yokuthi ukuvame ukusetshenziswa kwe-ayisikhilimu kuzohlanganiswa nokuncishiswa okuncishisiwe ezindaweni ezihlobene nobuchopho ezihlobene nomvuzo (isib. I-striatum) ukuphendula ukuthathwa kobisi olususelwa ku-ayisikhilimu futhi kuhlolwe ithonya lezicubu ze-adipose nokucaciswa kwalokhu kuhlobana. .
Idizayini: Intsha enesisindo (n = 151) behlelwe yi-fMRI ngesikhathi bethola i-milkshake nangesikhathi bethola isixazululo esingenamiphumela. Amaphesenti omzimba wamaphesenti, okubikwa kokudla, kanye nokunxanela ukudla nokuthanda kwahlolwa.
Ezenye: Ukutholwa kweMilkshake kusebenze kahle izifunda zesifunda, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwe-ayisikhilimu okuvame kakhulu kuhlotshaniswa nokuphendula okuncane kokutholwa kokutholwe ubisi kulezi zindawo ezihlobene nobuchopho. Amaphesenti omzimba wamaphesenti, amandla aphelele wamandla, amaphesenti wamandla avela kumanoni noshukela, nokudla okunye ukudla okune-energy dense bekungahambisani nempendulo ye-neural ekutholweni kwe-milkshake irisidi.
Iziphetho: Imiphumela yethu ihlinzeka ngobufakazi obusha bokuthi ukusetshenziswa okwenziwa njalo kwe-ayisikhilimu, okuzimele kwamafutha omzimba, kuhlobene nokuncishiswa kokuphendula kwesifunda somvuzo kubantu, okuhambisana nokubekezelela okubonwa kumlutha wezidakamizwa. Idatha futhi isho ukuthi ukudla okuthile okuphathelene namandla-dense kuphumela ekutholakaleni kwesifunda somvuzo ngokuqondile kulokho kudla, okuphakamisa ukuthi izici zokudla nokufunda ngomvuzo kungashayela ukucaciswa.
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