ETSAHALA: 10.1016 / j.addbeh.2013.09.004
Keywords - Ho becha; Ts'ebeliso ea inthanete; Papali ea video; Eating / Lijo; Sex; Shopping
Poleloana ea bokhoba e na le bohlokoa ho bakuli, lingaka, bafuputsi, baetsi ba melao le lihlopha tse ling tsa batho. Kahoo, ho phehiloe khang ka hore na poleloana ena e sebelisoa joang (le hore na e ka sebetsa ho mang). Poleloana “temallo” e simolohile mehleng ea Roma mme qalong e ne e sa amanngoe le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (Maddux le Desmond, 2000). Leha ho le joalo, ha nako e ntse e ea, poleloana ea ho lemalla lithethefatsi e ile ea hokelloa le ho feta tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi hoo e ka bang nakong ea DSM-III-R (Mokhatlo oa Mahlale oa Amerika, 1987), komiti e sebetsanang le mathata a amanang le lithethefatsi e lumela hore bokhoba bo hlalosoa ka tšebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi (O'Brien, Volkow, & Li, 2006). Leha ho le joalo, poleloana ena e ne e tlohetsoe haholo ho DSM-III-R (Mokhatlo oa Mahlale oa Amerika, 1994), karolo e 'ngoe e fuoe sebopeho se qosoang sa poleloana (e nkuoang e le ho nyenyefatsa kapa ho khetholla) le ho rarahana ho amanang (O'Brien et al., 2006). Leha ho le joalo, ho DSM-5 (Mokhatlo oa Mahlale oa Amerika, 2013), Sehlopha sa "Mathata a amanang le Tlhekefetso" se nka sebaka sa sehlopha sa "Mathata a Amanang le Lithethefatsi" se fumanehang ho DSM-IV-TR (Mokhatlo oa Mahlale oa Amerika, 2000). Phapang ena e emela phetoho ea bohlokoa ka litsela tse ngata, joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe ka tlase.
Ts'ebetso ea DSM-5 e ne e kenyelletsa lihlopha tse ngata tsa lipatlisiso tse neng li bokane pele likomiti li sebetsa. Lihlopha tse peli tsa lihlopha tsa lipatlisiso, le leng le shebaneng le mathata a amanang le lithethefatsi / lithethefatsi 'me le leng le shebile mathata a ho qhekella le ho qobella, ho nahanoa hore na papali ea chelete e ka nkuoa joang ho latela maemo a sehlopha, ka libuka tse ngotsoeng ka letsoho tse tsoang sehlopheng ka seng sa sehlopha (Petry, 2006, Potenza et al., 2009 'me Potenza, 2006). Karolo ea bohlokoa ea ts'ebetso ea DSM e kenyelletsa ho sebelisa lintlha tse fumanehang ho tataisa liqeto tsa hore na ho hlalosoa le ho hlophisa maemo hantle joang. Ho tloha phatlalatso ea DSM-IV (Mokhatlo oa Mahlale oa Amerika, 1994), ho entsoe lipatlisiso tse ngata mabapi le papali ea chelete, mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi le maemo a mang a amanang le thuto. Motheong oa lipatlisiso tse bonts'ang ho tšoana ha bongaka, phenological, liphatsa tsa lefutso, neurobiological le tse ling tse tšoanang lipakeng tsa papali ea chelete le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi, ho ile ha etsoa qeto ea ho hlophisa papali ea chelete ea papali ea chelete (eo hona joale e leng bothata ba papali ea chelete) e nang le mathata a amanang le lithethefatsi ho DSM-5.
Le ha bothata ba papali ea chelete hajoale e le bona feela boemo bo karolwaneng ea "Mathata a sa amaneng le lithethefatsi" sehlopheng sa "Litaba tse amanang le Lithethefatsi le Matšoenyeho", ho ile ha nahanoa ka maemo a mang. Haholo-holo, bothata ba lipapali tsa inthanete bo kentsoe ho DSM-5 e le boemo bo hlokang ho ithuta ho eketsehilengPetry & O'Brien, 2013). Ho kenyelletsoa ha litekanyetso tse ikhethileng tsa tlhahlobo ea lefu lena ho lokela ho thusa ho ntšetsa pele boiteko ba kliniki le lipatlisiso ho ateng le kamehong ea eona, ka hona ho kenyeletsoa ho DSM-5 ho emela tsoelo-pele e kholo. Leha ho le joalo, papali ea inthanete e ka emela karolo e le 'ngoe feela ea bothata ba ts'ebeliso ea Marang-rang le litlamorao tse ka bang teng tsa boits'oaro bo bong bo amanang le inthanete (mohlala, liwebosaete tsa marang-rang, mabenkeleng, ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ho becha)Yau, Crowley, Mayes, & Potenza, 2012). Ntle le moo, ts'ebeliso e thata ea mefuta e sa sebetseng ea inthanete ea theknoloji (mohlala, lipapali tsa video tse seng inthaneteng, ho shebella thelevishene) e fana ka tumello ea hore e nkuoe e ka lemalla (Sussman le Moran, 2013 'me Yau et al., 2012). Tumellanong le mohopolo oa hore mathata a ho bapala lipapali tsa video a kanna a se be teng hara mathata a ts'ebeliso ea inthanete, lithuto li fumane liphapang tse amanang le ts'ebeliso e kotsi / e nang le mathata ea inthanete khahlanong le papali ea video e kotsi / e thata ho mehlala ea bacha (Desai et al., 2010 'me Liu et al., 2011le batho ba baholo (Yau, Potenza, le White, 2013). Leha ho le joalo, mekhatlo e lipakeng tsa mehato e fosahetseng ea bophelo bo botle le ts'ebetso le ts'ebeliso e thata ea mahlale lithutong tsena, hammoho le boholo ba batho ba ananelang maemo a kotsi kapa a mathata a boits'oaro bona, bo totobatsa bohlokoa ba lipatlisiso tse ling tsa boitšoaro bona le tlhoko ea tlhokomeliso e eketsehileng ea le kalafo le maano a thibelo ea boits'oaro bona.
Le ha e sa kenyelletsoa ho DSM-5, ho ile ha nahanoa ka tse ling tse 'maloa tseo e seng lithethefatsi kapa boits'oaro. Haholo-holo, lihlooho tsa bokhoba bo amanang le thobalano, boikoetliso le mabenkele li ile tsa tšohloa empa ha li kenyelelitsoe joalo ka ha ho phethetsoe hore (leq. 481 (Mokhatlo oa Mahlale oa Amerika, 2013)), "Nakong ena ha ho na bopaki bo lekaneng bo hlahlojoang ke lithaka ho tiisa litekanyetso tsa tlhahlobo le litlhaloso tsa lithuto tse hlokahalang ho supa boits'oaro bona e le mathata a bophelo bo botle ba kelello." Leha ho le joalo, joalo ka ha batho ba bangata ba batla thuso bakeng sa maemo ana, ho bohlokoa ho bokella tlhaiso-leseling ka boits'oaro bona le likonteraka tsa bona tsa bongaka hore ba tsoelepele ho ntlafatsa merero ea bophelo bo botle ba sechaba.
Nakong ea millennium ena, ho se ho entsoe tsoelo-pele e kholo tikolohong ea lithethefatsi tse seng tahi, leha ho na le khatelo-pele e kholo. Qalong ea lilemo tse sekete, Constance Holden o ile a belaella hore na lithethefatsi tsa boitšoaro li teng, mme qetellong ea lilemo tse leshome tsa pele, o ile a bua ka tlhahiso ea sehlopha sa papali ea chelete e nang le mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ho DSM-5 (Holden, 2001 'me Holden, 2010). Khang ea hore na ho molemo ho hlalosa hore na ke mathata afe a bakoang ke ho lemalla. Mohlala, ho na le ngangisano e kholo mabapi le hore na lijo li ka lemalla motho joang le hore na ho lemalla lijo e ka ba ntho ea bohlokoa (Avena et al., 2012, Ziauddeen et al., 2012a 'me Ziauddeen et al., 2012b). Ho sa tsotelehe sephetho sa ngangisano, ho bonahala e le nako ea ho leleka setheo se lemaletseng lijo, haholoholo se fuoang litlamorao tsa thibelo, kalafo le leano (Gearhardt, Grilo, DiLeone, Brownell, & Potenza, 2011). Ha ho fanoa ka seoa sa botenya sa hajoale, kutloisiso e ntlafalitsoeng ea hore na mokhoa oa ho lemalla lijo o ka amana joang le botenya kapa maemo a mang a amanang le ho ja ho ka thusa ho lebisa ho ntlafatseng thibelo, kalafo le maano a leano (Potenza, ka khatiso). Kaha ho ts'oana ha methapo ea pelo ho ne ho emela mohopolo o le mong oa bohlokoa qetong ea ho arola ho becha le mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ho DSM-5, ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore likarolo tse tšoanang tsa neurobiological li tlalehiloe lipakeng tsa papali ea chelete, ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi le mathata a ho ja. Mohlala, ts'ebetso e fokotsehileng ea "ventral striatal" nakong ea tebello ea ts'ebetso ea moputso e bonoe ho papali ea chelete, ho lemalla joala, ho tsuba koae le bothata ba ho ja joala (Balodis et al., 2012, Balodis et al., 2013, Beck et al., 2009, Choi et al., 2012, Peters et al., 2011 'me Hlakola et al., 2007), ea hoqetela e bonts'a ho ts'oana ho matla haholo le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa bokhoba ba lijo (Gearhardt, White, & Potenza, 2011). Monyetla oa hore ho fokotsehe ha tšebetso ea nakoana nakong ea tebello ea ts'ebetso ea moputso e ka emela biomarker ea bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse lemalloang e lumellang tlhahlobo e ngoe.
Joalo ka mohopolo oa bokhoba ba lijo, ho na le ngangisano e kholo mabapi le hore na boits'oaro bo bong (mohlala, thobalano e feteletseng / e qobelloang (Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013); bona hape http://healthland.time.com/2013/07/23/my-name-is-john-and-i-am-a-sex-addict-or-maybe-not/?iid=hl-main-lead) e kanna ea emela ho lemalla. Ho khahlisang ke hore bongata ba boits'oaro bona (papali ea chelete e fetelletseng / e qobelloang, thobalano, ho ja le ho ea mabenkeleng) li amahanngoa le lefu la Parkinson le kalafo ea lona (Weintraub et al., 2010), Ho tswela pele ho fana ka maikutlo a tsela e tloaelehileng ea bioloji ho pholletsa le maemo ana. Kahoo, ha ho hlophisoa bocha ha bothata ba papali ea chelete ho DSM-5 ho emela kholo ea bohlokoa, ho lebelletsoe hore liphetoho tse ling li kanna tsa etsahala nakong e tlang ha tsebo e ngata e ntse e fumaneha. Ho bokella tlhaiso-leseling ho fana ka ts'ehetso ea matla bakeng sa liphetoho tse joalo ho bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ena, mme kutloisiso e hlahisoang e lokela ho fana ka motheo oa ho hlahisa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba ka mekhoa e metle ea leano, thibelo le kalafo.
Lithuso le ho tsebahatsa
Phuputso ena e tšehelitsoe ka karolo e 'ngoe ke lithuso tsa NIH tse tsoang NIDA (P20 DA027844, NIAAA (RL1 AA017539), Lefapha la Naha la Connecticut la Bophelo bo Botle ba kelello le Litšebeletso tsa Lithethefatsi, Setsi sa Bophelo sa Kelello sa Connecticut, mpho e sa thibeloeng e tsoang ho Mohegan Sun le Setsi sa Boipheliso ho Patlisiso ea Papali e tsoang Setsing sa Naha sa Papali e Ikarabellang. Mekhatlo ea lichelete ha ea ka ea fana ka maikutlo kapa litlhaloso ka se ngotsoeng, 'me litaba tse ngotsoeng ka letsoho li bontša menehelo le menahano ea mongoli eseng maikutlo a mekhatlo ea lichelete. Dr. Potenza o rerile bakeng sa meriana ea Lundbeck le Ironwood; o bile le lithahasello tsa lichelete ho Somaxon meriana; ba fumane tšehetso ea lipatlisiso ho tsoa Mohegan Sun Casino, Psyadon Pharmaceuticals, Setsi sa Naha sa Papali e Ikarabellang, Mekhatlo ea Naha ea Bophelo (NIH), Tsamaiso ea Veterans; o nkile karolo lipatlisisong, posong, kapa lipuisanong tsa mohala tse amanang le bokhoba ba lithethefatsi, mathata a ho laola maikutlo, kapa litaba tse ling tsa bophelo bo botle; e rerile bakeng sa papali ea chelete, mekhatlo ea molao le ea mmuso litabeng tse amanang le lithethefatsi kapa mathata a ho laola maikutlo; e fane ka tlhokomelo ea bongaka Lefapheng la Connecticut la Bophelo bo Botle ba kelello le Lits'ebeletso tsa Lithethefatsi Lits'ebeletso Lenaneo la Litšebeletso tsa Ho becha; e phethile litlhahlobo tsa lithuso bakeng sa NIH le mekhatlo e meng; e na le likarolo tsa likoranta tse hlophisitsoeng ke baeti; o fane ka lipuo tsa thuto maemong a maholo, liketsahalo tse tsoelang pele tsa thuto ea bongaka, le libaka tse ling tsa bongaka kapa tsa mahlale; mme e hlahisitse libuka kapa likhaolo tsa libuka bakeng sa baphatlalatsi ba litemana tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello.
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