Lithuto tsa Bokooa ho Basebelisi ba Litšoantšo le Lithethefatsi Tsa Thobalano

lithuto tsa boko

Leqephe lena le na le manane a mabeli (1) litlhaloso le litlhahlobo tsa lingoliloeng tse thehiloeng ho neuroscience, hape, (2.Bothata ba ho Kopanela Liphate ka ho Kopanela Liphate).

Ho fihlela joale, lithuto tsohle tsa 62 tsa methapo ea kutlo tse hatisitsoeng li fana ka ts'ehetso bakeng sa mohlala oa bokhoba.ha ho liphuputso tse senyang mohlala oa ho lemalla lithethefatsi). Liphetho tsa tsena ~60 lithuto tsa methapo ea pelo (le lithuto tse tlang) li lumellana le makholo a mangata a ho lemalla Inthanete “Boko lithuto ”, tse ling tsa tsona tse kenyelletsang tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Tšehetso eohle e fana ka maikutlo a hore tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ka marang-rang e ka baka liphetoho tse amanang le lithethefatsi, joalo ka tsona lithuto tse fetang 60 tse tlalehang ho nyoloha / ho mamellana (ho lula maemong) le matšoao a ho tlohela.

Leqephe le qala ka 34 e latelang haufinyane neuroscience-e thehiloeng litlhaloso le litlhahlobo tsa lingoliloeng (tse thathamisitsoeng ka letsatsi la phatlalatso):

Litlhahlobo tsa Literature & Commentaries:

1) Litsebi tsa ho sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa Inthaneteng Ho lemalla: Tlhahlobo le Tlhahlobo (Love et al., 2015). Tlhahlobo e hlakileng ea lingoliloeng tsa methapo ea kutlo tse amanang le lithethefatsi tse nyenyane tsa Inthanete, tse nang le tsepamiso e ikhethang ho lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi tsa inthanete. Puisano e boetse e hlahloba tse peli EEG ea lihlooho tsa thuto-hlooho ka lihlopha tse tsamaisoang ke Nicole Prause (mang ho bua ka bohata lintho tse fumanoeng li hlahisa lipelaelo mabapi le bokhoba ba ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Lintlha:

Ba bangata ba hlokomela hore mekhoa e 'maloa e ka amang moputso oa potoloho ea boko ba batho e lebisa tahlehelo ea taolo le matšoao a mang a ho lemalla bonyane batho ba bang. Mabapi le lithethefatsi tsa Inthaneteng, lipatlisiso tsa kelello li tšehetsa maikutlo a hore mekhoa e metle ea li-neural e tšoana le ho lemalla lithethefatsi tse ngata ... Khatisong ena, re fana ka kakaretso ea likhopolo tse hlophisitsoeng ho lemalla ho lemalla lithethefatsi le ho fana ka kakaretso ka lipatlisiso tsa sauroscientific ho lemalla lithethefatsi le ts'oaetso ea lipapali tsa Inthanete. Ho feta moo, re ile ra hlahloba lingoliloeng tse fumanehang ka mahlaseli a kotsi litabeng tsa bootsoa tsa Inthaneteng 'me ra kopanya liphello ho mokhoa oa ho lemala. Tlhahlobo ena e lebisa qetong ea hore ho lemalla litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tsa Inthanete ho lumellana le moralo oa lithethefatsi 'me o arolelana mekhoa e ts'oanang ea lithethefatsi.

2) Bothata ba ho Kopanela Liphate e le Boloetse: Bopaki ba Tlhahlobo, Tlhahlobo le Karabo ho bahlahlobisisi (Phillips le al., 2015), e fanang ka chate e nkang liphoso tse tobileng tsa ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa / thobalano, ho fana ka litemana tse ba khahlanong le tsona. Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Joalo ka ha ho bonoa sengoloa sena kaofela, linyatso tse tloaelehileng tsa thobalano e le bokhoba bo molaong ha li eme ha li bapisoa le mokhatlo oa sechaba sa bongaka le saense lilemong tse mashome a seng makae tse fetileng. Ho na le bopaki bo bongata ba saense le ts'ehetso ea thobalano hammoho6 le mekhoa e meng e lokelang ho amoheloa e le bokhoba. Ts'ehetso ena e tsoa likarolong tse ngata tsa boikoetliso 'me e fana ka tšepo e kholo ea ho amohela phetoho ha re ntse re utloisisa bothata hamolemo. Lilemo tse mashome tsa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele lefapheng la bongaka bo lemalloang le neuroscience li senola mekhoa ea boko e amehang bothateng. Bo-rasaense ba khethile litsela tse tloaelehileng tse angoang ke boitšoaro bo hlephileng hammoho le liphapang pakeng tsa boko ba batho ba lemaletseng le bao e seng makhoba, ho senola likarolo tse tloaelehileng tsa bokhoba, ho sa natsoe ntho kapa boitšoaro. Leha ho le joalo, ho ntse ho na le lekhalo lipakeng tsa tsoelopele ea mahlale le kutloisiso ea sechaba ka kakaretso, leano la sechaba, le tsoelopele ea kalafo.

3) Lithethefatsi tsa Cybersex (Moetso & Laier, 2015). Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Batho ba bangata ba sebelisa li-cybersex, haholo-holo litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa Inthanete. Batho ba bang ba lahleheloa ke taolo ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea bona ea Inthanete 'me ba tlaleha hore ba ke ke ba laola mokhoa oa bona oa ho sebelisa li-inthanete le haeba ba ka ba le liphello tse mpe. Lihloohong tsa morao-rao, lithethefatsi tsa ho kopanela liphate Inthaneteng li nkoa e le mofuta o tobileng oa ho lemalla Inthanete. Liphuputso tse ling tsa morao-rao li batlisitse ho tšoana ho teng pakeng tsa ho lemalla li-cybersex le lithethefatsi tse ling tsa boitšoaro, tse kang Internet Gaming Disorder. Ho nahanoa hore ho na le mokhoa oa bohlokoa oa ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate le batho ba bang le ba bang. Hape, mekhoa e metle ea tsoelo-pele ea ho ntlafatsa le ho lokisa lithethefatsi tsa cybersex e kenyeletsa ho holofala ha ho etsa liqeto le mesebetsi ea tsamaiso. Liphuputso tse nang le mekhoa e metle ea tšehetso ea tšehetso ea tšebelisano-'moho le eona li tšehetsa hore ho na le litloaelano tse nang le moelelo pakeng tsa lithethefatsi tsa li-cybersex le tse ling tsa boitšoaro bo hlephileng hammoho le botšepehi.

4) Mokhoa oa ho phekola liketso tsa ho kopanela liphate ka mokhoa o qobelloang: Setsebi se hlahisang (Kraus et al., 2016). Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Le hoja e sa kenyelelitsoe DSM-5, boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate (CSB) bo ka fumanoa ka ICD-10 e le lefu la ho laola maikutlo. Leha ho le joalo, moqoqo o teng ka sehlopha sa CSB. Lipatlisiso tse ling li hlokahala ho utloisisa hore na likarolo tsa neurobiological li amana joang le litekanyetso tse hlokahalang joaloka liphello tsa kalafo bakeng sa CSB. Ho khetholla CSB e le 'ho lemalla boitšoaro' ho tla ba le liphello tse kholo bakeng sa boiteko ba lipolotiki, thibelo le kalafo ... .. Ho fanoa ka ho tšoana ho teng pakeng tsa lik'homphieutha tsa CSB le lithethefatsi, mehato e sebetsang ea ho lemalla e ka ba le tšepiso bakeng sa CSB, kahoo e fana ka temohisiso mabapi le lipatlisiso tsa nakong e tlang tse tla etsoa lipatlisiso monyetla ona ka ho toba.

5) Na boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate bo lokela ho nkoa e le lithethefatsi? (Kraus et al., 2016). Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Ka ho lokolloa ha DSM-5, bothata ba ho becha bo ile ba hlophisoa hape ka mathata a ho sebelisa lithethefatsi. Phetoho ena e ile ea phephetsa litumelo tseo ho lemalla lithethefatsi ho entsoeng ka ho kenngoa ha lisebelisoa tse fetohang kelello 'me ho na le maikutlo a bohlokoa bakeng sa mekhoa ea tsamaiso, thibelo le kalafo. Lintlha li bontša hore ho kopanela ka mokhoa o feteletseng litabeng tse ling (mohlala, ho bapala, ho kopanela liphate, ho reka ka thata) ho ka 'na ha arolelana likliniki, liphatsa tsa lefutso, neurobiological le liketsahalo tse ts'oanang le lithethefatsi.

Sebaka se seng se hlokang lipatlisiso tse ngata ho kenyeletsa kamoo liphetoho tsa theknoloji li ka bang le tšusumetso ea boitšoaro ba batho ba thobalano. Ho fanoe ka hore data e bontša hore boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate bo fanoa ka marang-rang a marang-rang le li-smartphone, lipatlisiso tse eketsehileng li lokela ho nahana ka hore na theknoloji ea digital e amana joang le CSB (mohlala, ho ipholla litho tsa botona kapa botšehali ka ho kopanela liphate) ketsahalong e 'ngoe).

Ho na le litšobotsi tse holimo ho pakeng tsa CSB le mathata a ho sebelisa lithethefatsi. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea methapo ea meriana e ka 'na ea kenya letsoho ho CSB le mathata a ho sebelisoa ha lithethefatsi,' me lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao tsa mahlaseli a meholo li totobatsa ho tšoana ho amanang le takatso le litakatso tsa tlhokomelo. Meriana e joalo ea meriana le ea psychotherapeutic e ka sebetsa ho CSB le lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi.

6) Motheo oa lefu la bosodoma (Neurobiological)Kuhn le Gallinat, 2016). Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Boitšoaro bo bobe ba boitšoaro le bosodoma bo itseng bo lokela ho re hopotsa hore boitšoaro bo hlephileng bo itšetleha ka mokhoa oa rona oa ho iphelisa. Ho kopanela liphate ke motsoako oa bohlokoa ho pholosa mefuta ea liphoofolo kaha ke tsela ea ho ikatisa. Ka hona ke habohlokoa haholo hore thobalano e nkoa e le monate 'me e na le litšenyehelo tse babatsehang,' me le hoja e ka fetoha lekhoba la ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ho ka etsoa ka tsela e kotsi le e se nang phello, mokokotlo oa ho lemala o ka ba le merero ea bohlokoa haholo sepheo se setle sa ho phehella batho .... Ho kopanngoa, bopaki bo bonahala bo bolela hore liphetoho tse ka pele ho li-lobe, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, septum, le boko ba libaka tse etsang hore moputso o phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho ts'ebetsong ea bosodoma. Liphuputso tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso le mekhoa e meng ea phekolo ea neuropharmacological e bontšang hore karolo ea dopaminergic e sebelisoa.

7) Boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho Kopanela Liphate e le Boits'oaro ba Boits'oaro: Tšusumetso ea Inthanete le Litaba Tse Ling (Griffiths, 2016). Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Ke entse lipatlisiso tsa mekhoa e mengata ea ho lemalla boitšoaro bo hlephileng (ho becha, ho bapala livideo, ho sebelisa marang-rang, ho ikoetlisa, ho kopanela liphate, mosebetsi, joalo-joalo) 'me ke phehile khang ea hore mekhoa e meng ea bothata ba ho kopanela liphate e ka behoa e le ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate, ho itšetlehile ka tlhaloso ea tahi e sebelisoang ....

Ho sa tsotellehe hore na boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate bo hlalosoa e le boits'oaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate (CSB), ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate le / kapa lefu la hypersexual, ho na le ba nang le likete tsa litsebi tsa kelello lefatšeng ho pota ba sebetsanang le mathata a joalo. Ka lebaka leo, bopaki ba bongaka bo tsoang ho ba thusang le ho tšoara batho ba joalo ba lokela ho fuoa matla a ho feta ho sechaba sa mafu a kelello ....

Ha ho pelaelo hore nts'etsopele ea bohlokoahali lebaleng la CSB le bokhoba ba thobalano ke kamoo marang-rang a fetohang le ho tsamaisa CSB. Sena ha sea ka sa boleloa ho fihlela serapa se phethelang, leha ho le joalo lipatlisiso tsa bokhoba ba thobalano inthaneteng (ha li ntse li na le motheo o monyane) li bile teng ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1990, ho kenyeletsoa le boholo ba mehlala ea batho ba ka bang 10 000. Ebile, ho bile le litlhahlobo tsa morao-rao mabapi le tlhaiso-leseling e mabapi le bokhoba ba thobalano le kalafo inthaneteng. Tsena li hlalositse likarolo tse ngata tse ikhethang tsa inthanete tse ka nolofalletsang le ho susumetsa litloaelo tse lemalloang kamanong le boits'oaro ba thobalano (phihlello, theko e tlase, ho se tsejoe, bonolo, ho baleha, thibelo ea meriana, jj.).

8) Ho Batlisisa Tlhaloso Metsing a Metsing: Tlhahlobo ea nakong e tlang bakeng sa ho khetholla boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate e le lithethefatsi (Kraus et al., 2016). Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Re sa tsoa hlahloba bopaki ba ho khetholla boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate (CSB) e le ho lemalla boitšoaro. Tlhahlobo ea rona e fumane hore CSB e kopane le lits'ebeletso tsa meriana, li-neurobiological le liketsahalo tse ts'oanang le tse nang le mathata a ho sebelisa lithethefatsi ....

Le hoja Mokhatlo oa American Psychiatric o hanne boloetse ba hypersexual ho tloha DSM-5, ho hlahlojoa ha CSB (ho feteletseng ho kopanela liphate) ho ka etsoa ho sebelisa ICD-10. CSB e boetse e nkoa ke ICD-11, le hoja ts'ebetso ea eona ea ho qetela e sa tiisehe. Lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao li lokela ho tsoelapele ho matlafatsa tsebo le ho matlafatsa moralo oa kutloisiso ea CSB e ntlafetseng le ho fetolela tlhahisoleseding ena ho ntlafatsa leano, ho thibela, ho hlahlojoa, le boiteko ba kalafo ho fokotsa liphello tse mpe tsa CSB.

9) Na Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Tsa Inthanete li baka Mathata a Kopanela Liphate? Tlhahlobo le Litlaleho tsa Meriana ea Bophelo (Park et al., 2016). Tlhahlobo e pharaletseng ea lingoliloeng tse amanang le mathata a ho kopanela liphate a bakoang ke ho kopanela liphate. Ho kenyeletsa lingaka tsa 7 tsa US Navy le Gary Wilson, tlhahlobo ena e fana ka lintlha tsa morao-rao tse senola tsoho e kholo ea mathata a bocha ba thobalano. E boetse e hlahloba lithuto tsa kelello tse amanang le ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate le boitšoaro ba ho kopanela liphate ka ho sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Lingaka li fana ka litlaleho tsa lingaka tsa 3 tsa banna ba ileng ba qapa likotsi tsa ho kopanela liphate tse hlephisang boitšoaro. Koranta ea bobeli ea 2016 ea Gary Wilson e bua ka bohlokoa ba ho ithuta liphello tsa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ka ho ba le bafo ba itšetlehileng ka tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa: Qoba Lintho Tse sa Lebelloang Tsa Inthanete Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Sebelisa ho Senola Liketso Tsa Bona (2016). Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Lintho tse tloaelehileng tse kileng tsa hlalosetsa mathata a thobalano tsa banna li bonahala li sa lekaneng ho ikarabella bakeng sa ho nyoloha ka matla ho erectile ho se sebetse, ho lieha ho khutla, ho fokotsa khotsofalo ea thobalano, le ho fokotsa libido nakong ea thobalano e kopanetsoeng ho banna ba tlas'a 40. Tlhaloso ena (1) e na le maikutlo a tsoang libakeng tse ngata, mohlala, litsebi tsa bongaka, likokoana-hloko (lithethefatsi / urology), kelello (maemo a thobalano), sechaba; le (2) li fana ka litlaleho tsa litlaleho tsa bophelo bo botle, bohle ba ikemiselitse ho fana ka tataiso ea ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa mohlolo ona nakong e tlang. Liphetoho tsamaisong ea ts'ebetso ea boko li hlahlojoa e le mokhoa o ka khonehang oa ho etsa lintho tse amanang le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.

Tlhahlobo ena e boetse e nka bopaki ba hore thepa e ikhethang ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa Inthaneteng (e sa lekanyetsoang, e ka hlahisoang habonolo ke lintho tse fetelletseng, sebopeho sa video, joalo-joalo) e ka ba matla ho lekana ho tsosa takatso ea thobalano ho likarolo tse ling tsa ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa Inthaneteng tse sa fetoheng habonolo feela. -Balekane ba bophelo, joalo ka hore thobalano le balekane ba lakatsehang e ka se ngolise joalo ka litebello tsa kopano le litheko tse nyarosang. Litlaleho tsa kliniki li fana ka maikutlo a hore ho emisa ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso inthaneteng ka linako tse ling ho lekane ho fetola maemo a mabe, ho hatisa tlhokahalo ea lipatlisiso tse ngata ka ho sebelisa mekhoa e nang le lithuto tse tlosang phapang e teng ts'ebelisong ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa Inthaneteng.

3.4. Matšoenyeho a amanang le Internet-Mathata a Inthaneteng-Mathata a Kopanela Liphate: Re nahana hore litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro-tse susumelitseng mathata a ho kopanela liphate li akarelletsa ho se tsitsisehe le ho hloka boikemisetso tsamaisong ea ho susumetsa boko [72, 129] le li-neural correlates tsa e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, kapa tse peli, li fumanoe liphuputsong tsa morao-rao ho basebelisi ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba Internet [31, 48, 52, 53, 54, 86, 113, 114, 115, 120, 121, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134].

10) Ho hokahanya ho nahanisisa ka maikutlo le kelello mabapi le tsoelo-pele le tlhokomelo ea mathata a khethehileng a ho sebelisa marang-rang: ho sebelisana ha motho-ho ama moqapi-mokhoa oa ho etsa (Brand et al., 2016). Tlhahlobo ea lits'ebetso tse hlohlelletsang nts'etsopele le tlhokomelo ea mathata a khethehileng a ho sebelisa Inthanete, ho kenyelletsa le "Inthanete-litšoantšo tsa bootsoa-ho shebella bothata". Bangoli ba fana ka maikutlo a hore ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (le ho lemalla lithethefatsi tsa thelevishene) ho khetholloa e le mathata a sebelisoang ke inthanete 'me ba behoa ka meriana e meng ea boitšoaro tlas'a mathata a sebelisoang ke lithethefatsi e le boitšoaro bo hlephileng. Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Le hoja DSM-5 e lebisa tlhokomelo papaling ea Inthanete, mongoli o nang le moelelo o bontšang hore batho ba batlang kalafo ba ka boela ba sebelisa lik'homphieutha tse ling kapa libaka tsa marang-rang.

Ho tswa ho boemo ba hona joale ba lipatlisiso, re fana ka maikutlo a ho kenyelletsa mathata a ho sebelisa Inthanete ho ICD-11 e tlang. Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ka ntle ho bothata ba ho bapala Inthaneteng, mefuta e meng ea likopo e boetse e sebelisoa ka thata. Tsela e 'ngoe e ka akarelletsa ho kenyelletsa nako e tloaelehileng ea bothata ba ho sebelisa Inthaneteng, e leng ho ka boleloang ka ho hlahloba ts'ebetso ea pele ea khetho e sebelisoang (mohlala, bothata ba ho bapala lipapali tsa Inthanete, bothata ba papali ea papali ea Inthanete, Inthaneteng-bothata ba puisano, le bothata ba ho reka Inthaneteng).

11) Neurobiology ea Bokhoba ba ho Kopanela Liphate: Khaolo ea ho "Neurobiology of Addictions", Oxford Press (Hilton et al., 2016) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Re hlahloba motheo oa boloetse ba ho lemala, ho kenyeletsa ho lemalloa ke tlhaho kapa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi, ebe re tšohla kamoo sena se amanang kateng le kutloisiso ea rona ea ho kopanela liphate e le moputso oa tlhaho o ka sebetsang "o sa tsitsang" bophelong ba motho ka mong ....

Ho totobetse hore tlhaloso ea hona joale le kutloisiso ea ho lemala li fetohile ho thehiloe ke ho phalloa ha tsebo mabapi le kamoo boko bo ithutang le litakatso kateng. Le hoja ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ho ne ho hlalositsoe ka mokhoa o itšetlehileng ka melao ea boitšoaro, hona joale ho bonahala hape ka lens of neuromodulation. Ba ke keng ba utloisisa kapa ba sa utloisise lintlha tsena ba ka 'na ba tsoela pele ho khomarela pono ea kelello e mengata ea kelello, empa ba khonang ho utloisisa boitšoaro boemong ba biology, paradigm ena e ncha e fana ka tlhaloso e kenyelletsang le e sebetsang ea ho lemalla thobalano e tsebang bo-rasaense le ngaka.

12) Ho Etsa Litsebi Tsa Boea-kelello ho Etsa Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Bo InthanetengStark & ​​Klucken, 2017) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Boteng ba boitsebiso ba bootsoa bo eketsehile haholo ka nts'etsopele ea Inthanete. Ka lebaka la sena, banna ba kopa phekolo ka makhetlo a mangata kahobane litšoantšo tsa bona tsa bootsoa li le matla haholo; ke hore, ha ba khone ho emisa kapa ho fokotsa boitšoaro ba bona bo bothata le hoja ba talimane le liphello tse mpe .... Lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng, lithuto tse 'maloa tse nang le litsebi tsa ho sebelisa litsebi tsa mokokotlo, haholo-holo litšoantšo tse sebetsang tsa motlakase (fMRI), li ile tsa etsoa ho hlahloba li-neural correlates tsa ho shebella litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tlas'a maemo a liteko,' me li-neural correlates tsa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro li sebelisa. Ho fanoe ka liphello tsa nakong e fetileng, tšebeliso e feteletseng ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e ka amahanngoa le mekhoa e seng e tsebahala ea neurobiological e bakang ho hlahisoa ha lithethefatsi tse amanang le lithethefatsi.

Qetellong, re akaretsa lipatlisiso tsena, tse ileng tsa batlisisa likamano tsa ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ka mokhoa oa neural. Ho sa tsotellehe ho haelloa ke lithuto tsa longitudinal, hoa utloahala hore litšoaneleho tse hlokometsoeng ho banna ba nang le bothata ba ho kopanela liphate ke liphello tse sa bakoang ke ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso. Boholo ba lipatlisiso bo tlaleha ho matlafatsa ts'ebetsong ea potoloho ho potoloho ea litšebeletso tsa thobalano ho basebelisi ba litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso ho feta litabeng tse laolang, tse bonts'ang ho fumanoa ha lithethefatsi tse amanang le lithethefatsi. Liphello tse amanang le ho fokotseha ha li-prefrontal-ho hlasela-lihlahisoa litabeng tse nang le lithethefatsi tse litšila tse tsosang takatso li ka hlalosoa e le letšoao la ho laola mokhoa oa ho lemoha ho tsebahalang ka boitšoaro bo hlephileng.

13) Na boitšoaro bo feteletseng ba ho kopanela liphate ke lefu la ho lemala? (Potenza et al., 2017) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Ho kula ha boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate (ts'ebetsong e le lefu la hypersexual) ho ne ho nkoa e le ho kenngoa DSM-5 empa qetellong ha e kenyeletsoe, ho sa tsotellehe ho ba le litekanyetso tsa molao le tlhahlobo ea liteko tsa tšimo. Ho kenyelletsoa hona ho sitisitse boiteko ba ho thibela, ho etsa lipatlisiso, le ho phekola, 'me ba siea lingaka ntle le ho hlahlojoa ka molao bakeng sa khatello ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate.

Patlisiso mabapi le neurobiology ea khatello ea boitšoaro bo tlamang ea thobalano e hlahisitse liphetho tse amanang le khethollo ea kelello, makhabane a tšusumetso, le ts'ebetso ea kelello ea kelello e bontsanang ho ts'oanang le ho lemalla. Tlhatlhobo ea boitšoaro bo kopaneng ea thobalano e ntse e khothalletsoa e le bothata ba taolo ea tšusumetso ho ICD-11, e lumellanang le maikutlo a khothalletsoang hore ho lakatsa, boitlamo bo tsoelang pele le ha ho na le litlamorao tse mpe, ho kopanela ka thata, le taolo e fokotsehileng e bonts'a likarolo tsa mantlha tsa mathata a taolo ea ts'usumetso.

Pono ena e kanna ea ba ea nepahala bakeng sa mathata a itseng a taolo ea tšusumetso ea DSM-IV, haholo papali ea papali ea chelete. Leha ho le joalo, lintho tsena li 'nile tsa nkuoa e le sehloho sa litheko,' me molemong oa phetoho ho tloha DSM-IV ho ea DSM-5, sehlopha sa Liphetoho tsa Taolo ea Ts'usumetso Ha se Sebakeng se seng sa Classified se ile sa hlophisoa bocha, 'me papali ea motjeko ea methapo ea maoto ea qalisoa' me ea hlalosoa hape e le bothata ba ho lemalla. Hajoale, sebaka sa "inthanete" sa beta se thathamisang mathata a taolo ea ts'usumetso, mme se kenyeletsa khatello ea boitšoaro bo amanang le thobalano, pyromania, kleptomania, le ho phatloha ho sa feleng.

Ho kula ha boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate ho bonahala ho lumellana hantle le mathata a sa lemaleng a ho lemalla lithethefatsi a hlophisitsoeng bakeng sa ICD-11, e lumellanang le nako e fokolang ea ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate hona joale e hlophisitsoeng bakeng sa khatello ea boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate Websaeteng ea maqephe a ICD-11. Re lumela hore likarolo tsa khatello ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate e le bothata ba ho lemalla ho lemalla lits'oaetso li lumellana le lintlha tsa morao-rao 'me li ka' na tsa rua lingaka, bafuputsi le batho ba nang le khatello ea lefu lena.

14) Tlhaloso ea "Neurobiology" ea Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Ho lemalla - Tlhahlobo ea bongaka (De Sousa & Lodha, 2017) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Tlhahlobo ea pele e sheba lits'ebeletso tsa mantlha tsa methapo ea meriana ea lithethefatsi le metheo ea motheo ea moputso le mehaho e amehang ka kakaretso ho lemalla leha e le efe. Sepheo se fetotsoe ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le lithuto tse entsoeng ka neurobiology ea boemo bo hlahlojoa. Karolo ea dopamine ho lemalla ho sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e hlahlojoa hammoho le karolo ea mekhoa e meng ea boko joalokaha e bonoa lithutong tsa MRI. Liphuputso tsa fMRI tse amanang le tšusumetso ea ho kopanela liphate tse tsosang takatso li sebelisitsoe ka ho pharaletseng hore li ithute mokhoa oa ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso ea boitšoaro bo hlephileng ' Phello ea ho lemalla litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso ea ho sheba litšoantšo tse ts'oanang le litšoantšo tse ts'oanang le tsebo ea ts'ebetso e phahameng e boetse e hatisoa.

Ka kakaretso, lihlooho tsa 59 li ile tsa khetholloa tse kenyelletsang litlhaloso, tlhahlobo ea mini le litokomane tsa lipatlisiso tsa pele litabeng tsa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro, ho lemalla lithethefatsi le methapo ea maikutlo. Litokomane tsa lipatlisiso tse hlahlobisitsoeng mona li ne li lebisitsoe ho tse hlalosang motheo oa neurobiological oa ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Re kenyelelitse lithuto tse neng li e-na le boholo bo hlakileng ba litekanyetso le mokhoa o nepahetseng oa tlhahlobo ea lipalo. Ho ne ho e-na le liphuputso tse ling le ba fokolang, barupeluoa, litlaleho tsa litaba le lithuto tsa boleng tse ileng tsa hlahlojoa hape bakeng sa pampiri ena. Bangoli bao ba ile ba hlahloba lipampiri tsohle le tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tse khethiloeng bakeng sa tlhahlobo ena. Sena se ile sa eketsoa ka ho eketsehileng le phihlelo ea botho ea bakuli ba sebetsang khafetsa le bakuli moo ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le ho shebella litlhaku ke letšoao le sithabetsang. Bangoli le bona ba na le phihlelo ea kelello ea lefu lena le bakuli bana ba nang le bohlokoa bo eketsehileng ho kutloisiso ea neurobiological.

15) Bopaki ba Pudding boa latsoa: Ditaba di hlokeha ho leka lits'oants'o le likhopolo tse amanang le likhatello tsa ho kopanela liphate ka ho kopanela liphate (Gola le Potenza, 2018) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Joalokaha ho hlalositsoe libakeng tse ling (Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016a), ho na le palo e ntseng e eketseha ea lingoliloeng ho CSB, e fihletseng ho feta 11,400 ka 2015. Leha ho le joalo, lipotso tsa mantlha mabapi le mohopolo oa CSB li lula li sa arajoa (Potenza, Gola, Voon, Kor, & Kraus, 2017). E ka ba hoa bohlokoa ho hlahloba hore na DSM le Kemiso ea Machaba ea Maloetse (ICD) e sebetsana le mekhoa ea tlhaloso le ea lihlopha. Ha re etsa joalo, re nahana hore ho bohlokoa ho tsepamisa mohopolo tabeng ea papali ea papali ea chelete (eo hape e tsejoang e le papali ea papali ea chelete) le kamoo e neng e nkoa kateng DSM-IV le DSM-5 (hammoho le ICD-10 le ICD-11 e tlang). Ho DSM-IV, papali ea papali ea papali ea mali e ne e arotsoe e le "Bothata ba ho Laola-Tšusumetso e sa Bitseng." Ka DSM-5, e ile ea hlophisoa hape e le "Mathata a amanang le 'mele le Matšoenyeho a" Addictive Disorder ". Tsela e tšoanang e lokela ho sebelisoa ho CSB, e ntseng e nkoa e le hona joale e le lefu la ho laola maikutlo ho ICD-11 (Grant et al., 2014;; Kraus et al., 2018) ....

Har'a libaka tse ka 'nang tsa fana ka maikutlo a ho tšoana pakeng tsa CSB le mathata a ho lemalla ke lithuto tsa mahlaseli, ka lipatlisiso tse' maloa tsa morao-rao tse sa lumelloeng ke Walton et al. (2017). Liphuputso tsa mantlha li ne li hlahloba CSB mabapi le mefuta ea bokhoba ba tahi (e hlahlojoang Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016b; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016b). Moetso o hlahelletseng-khopolo ea khothatso ea botsitso (Robinson & Berridge, 1993) -E bolela hore ho batho ba nang le lithethefatsi, maikutlo a amanang le lintho tse mpe tsa tlhekefetso a ka ba le litekanyetso tse matla tsa khothatso mme a tsosa takatso. Liketso tse joalo li kanna tsa amana le ts'ebetso ea libaka tsa boko tse amehang ho sebetsaneng le moputso, ho kenyeletsoa le ventral striatum. Mesebetsi e lekolang ho ts'oaroa ha cue le ts'ebetso ea meputso e ka fetoloa ho batlisisa lintlha tse ikhethang (mohlala, chelete khahlanong le maikutlo) ho lihlopha tse itseng (Sescousse, Barbalat, Domenech, & Dreher, 2013), 'me re sa tsoa sebelisa kopo ena ho ithuta sampula ea bongaka (Gola et al., 2017).

Re fumane hore batho ba batlang kalafo bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e litšila ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le ho ipholla litho tsa botona kapa botšehali ha ba bapisoa le lilemo (bong, bong, chelete, tumelo, palo ea likhokahano tsa thobalano le baratuoa meputso, empa eseng bakeng sa moputso o amanang le ona eseng bakeng sa meputso ea chelete le meputso. Mokhoa ona oa ho sebetsa hape oa boko o tsamaisana le mohopolo oa tšusumetso 'me o fana ka maikutlo a hore karolo ea bohlokoa ea CSB e ka kenyelletsa ho etsa ntho e ncha kapa ho lakatsa ho susumetsoa ke litakatso tsa pejana tse amanang le ts'ebetso ea thobalano le takatso ea thobalano.

Lintlha tse ling li fana ka maikutlo a hore lipotoloho tse ling tsa boko le mekgwa e meng li ka ameha ho CSB, mme tsena li ka kenyelletsa cingulate ea ka ntle, hippocampus le amygdala (Banca et al., 2016; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016;; Voon et al., 2014). Har'a tsena, re nahanne hore potoloho e atolositsoeng ea amygdala e amanang le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ts'ebeliso ea lits'oso le matšoenyeho e ka sebetsa haholo litabeng tsa bongaka (Gola, Miyakoshi, & Sescousse, 2015; Gola le Potenza, 2016) ho itšetlehile ka tlhaloso ea hore batho ba bang ba CSB ba na le matšoenyeho a phahameng (Gola et al., 2017) 'Me matšoao a CSB a ka fokotsoa hammoho le phokotso ea meriana ea matšoenyeho (Gola & Potenza, 2016)…

16) Ho ntšetsa pele litsebo tsa thuto, lihlopha, mekhoa ea phekolo le mekhoa ea lipolotiki Litlhaloso mabapi le: Mathata a boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate ICD-11 (Kraus et al., 2018) - Phetolelo ea bongaka e sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, Selemo sa Machaba sa Mafu (ICD-11), e na le tšoaetso e ncha e loketseng ho lemalla lit soant so tsa bootsoa "Bothata ba ho Kopanela Liphate ka ho Kopanela Liphate. "Litemana tse qaqileng:

Bakeng sa batho ba bangata ba nang le mekhoa e phehellang ea ho thatafalloa kapa ho hloleha ho laola litabatabelo tse matla, tse pheta-phetoang tsa thobalano kapa litakatso tse hlahisang boits'oaro ba thobalano tse amanang le matšoenyeho kapa bofokoli bo ikhethang ho motho ka mong, lelapa, sechaba, thuto, mosebetsi, kapa likarolo tse ling tsa bohlokoa tsa tšebetso, ho bohlokoa haholo ho tseba ho reha bothata le ho tseba bothata ba bona. Ho bohlokoa hape hore bafani ba tlhokomelo (ke hore, lingaka le baeletsi) bao batho ba ka batlang thuso ho bona ba tloaelaneng le li-CSB. Nakong ea lithuto tsa rona tse amang litaba tse fetang 3,000 tse batlang kalafo bakeng sa CSB, re utloile khafetsa hore batho ba nang le CSB ba kopana le litšitiso tse ngata nakong ea ha ba batla thuso kapa ba kopana le lingaka (Dhuffar le Griffiths, 2016).

Bakuli ba tlaleha hore lingaka li ka qoba sehlooho, ba bolela hore mathata a joalo ha a eo, kapa ba fana ka maikutlo a hore motho o na le ts'ebetso e kholo ea thobalano, mme ba lokela ho e amohela ho e-na le ho e phekola (leha e le hore bakeng sa batho bana, CSBs e ka ikutloa e le lefu la botala le ho etella pele. ho litlamorao tse ngata tse mpe). Re lumela hore mekhoa e hlalositsoeng hantle bakeng sa pherekano ea CSB e tla khothaletsa liteko tsa thuto ho kenyelletsa nts'etsopele ea lithupelo tsa ho ithuta le ho alafa batho ba nang le matšoao a lefu la CSB. Re tšepa hore mananeo a joalo e tla ba karolo ea thupelo ea bongaka bakeng sa litsebi tsa kelello, lingaka tsa mafu a kelello, le ba fanang ka lits'ebeletso tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ba kelello, hammoho le bahlokomeli ba bang ba kenyelletsang ba fanang ka tlhokomelo ea mantlha, joalo ka lingaka tse akaretsang.

Lipotso tsa motheo mabapi le hore na ho ka ba molemo ho nahana joang ka lefu la CSB le ho fana ka phekolo e nepahetseng e lokela ho rarolloa. Tlhaloso ea morao-rao ea ho khetholla boloetse ba CSB e le lefu la ho laola maikutlo ke ho phehisana khang ha mefuta e meng e hlahisitsoe (Kor, Fogel, Reid, & Potenza, 2013). Ho na le litlaleho tse bontšang hore CSB e arolelana likarolo tse ngata le lithethefatsi (Kraus et al., 2016), ho kenyeletsa le morao-rao boitsebiso bo bontšang ho eketseha ha reactivity ea libaka tsa bokooa tse amanang le moputso ka lebaka la likarolo tse amanang le tšusumetso ea bohata (Moetso, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Gola, Wordecha, Marchewka, & Sescousse, 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Voon et al., 2014).

Ho feta moo, tlhaiso-leseling e bonts'a hore naltrexone, moriana o nang le matšoao a ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea lino tse tahang le opioid, o ka ba molemo bakeng sa ho phekola li-CSB (Kraus, Meshberg-Cohen, Martino, Quinones, & Potenza, 2015; Raymond, Grant, le Coleman, 2010). Mabapi le tlhahlobo ea morero oa ts'oaetso ea CSB e le lefu la ho laola maikutlo, ho na le dintlha tse bontšang hore batho ba batlang phekolo bakeng sa mofuta o le mong oa boloetse ba CSB, bothata ba ho sheba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ba sebelisa, ha ba fapane ka mokhoa oa ho hloka boithati ho batho bohle. Ho e-na le hoo ba hlahisa ho tšoenyeha ho eketsehileng (Gola, Miyakoshi, & Sescousse, 2015; Gola et al., 2017), le phekolo ea meriana e lebisang matšoao a matšoenyeho e ka thusa ho fokotsa matšoao a mang a CSB (Gola le Potenza, 2016). Le hoja e ka 'na eaba ha e e-s'o khonehe ho fumana liqeto tse hlakileng mabapi le likarolo tsa tlhahlobo, lintlha tse ngata li bonahala li tšehetsa likarolo tse lekaneng e le lefu la ho lemala ha le bapisoa le boloetse ba ho laola maikutlo (Kraus et al., 2016), mme lipatlisiso tse ling li hlokahala ho hlahloba likamano le maemo a mang a kelello (Potenza et al., 2017).

17) Boitšoaro bo Kopanetsoeng ba ho Kopanela Liphate ho Batho le Mekhoa ea Boipiletso (2018) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate (CSB) bo atile ka ho fetisisa e le "ho lemalla boitšoaro," 'me ke tšoso e khōlō ho boleng ba bophelo le bophelo bo botle ba' meleng le kelellong. Leha ho le joalo, CSB e lieha ho tsejoa e le setsi sa bophelo bo botle joaloka lefu la ho hlahlojoa. CSB e na le mathata a fokolang le mathata a ho sebelisa lithethefatsi, le lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao tsa bokooa li bontšitse mathata a arolelanoang kapa a fetohang mafu a neural pathologies, haholo-holo libakeng tsa bokooa tse laolang boikutlo ba ho susumetsa le ho thibela tšireletso. Liphuputso tsa methapo ea meriana ea lipilisi li hlahlojoa li fumaneha liphetoho tsa moralo le / kapa mosebetsi ho prefrontal cortex, amygdala, striatum le thalamus ho batho ba nang le bothata ba CSB. Mohlala o totobetseng oa ho ithuta mekhoa e meholo ea CSB ho likhoto tsa banna e buisanoa e e-na le mekhoa ea ho ts'oaea ha maemo ho hlahloba ho batla boitšoaro ba thobalano ho sa tsotellehe liphello tse sa tsejoeng tse mpe.

Hobane CSB e arolelana litšoaneleho le mathata a mang a qobelloang, e leng, ho lemalla lithethefatsi, ho bapisoa le sepheo sa CSB le lihlooho tse lemalloang lithethefatsi, e ka 'na ea e-ba tsa bohlokoa ho khetholla maloetse a tloaelehileng a nang le mathata a macha. Ha e le hantle, lipatlisiso tse ngata li bontšitse mekhoa e tšoanang ea mekhoa ea methapo le khokahanyo ka har'a mekhahlelo ea li-CSB le ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse sa foleng [87-89].

Qetellong, tlhaloso ena e akaretsitse lithuto tsa boitšoaro le tsa mahlaseli ho CSB ea batho le ho nyenyefatsoa ka mathata a mang, ho kopanyelletsa le tšebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi. Ka kakaretso, lipatlisiso tsena li bontša hore CSB e amahanngoa le liphetoho tse sebetsanang le liphetoho tse sebetsanang le likarolo tse ling tsa mahlakoreng a marang-rang le a prefrontal cortex, amygdala, striatum le thalamus, ho phaella ho fokotsa khokahanyo pakeng tsa amygdala le prefrontal cortex. Ho feta moo, mohlala o tobileng oa CSB oa likhoto tsa banna o ile oa hlalosoa, ho kenyelletsa le bopaki bo bocha ba liphetoho tsa neural mPFC le OFC tse amanang le ho lahleheloa ke taolo ea ho thibela ho kopanela liphate. Mohlala ona o totobetseng o fana ka monyetla o ikhethang oa ho hlahloba maikutlo a bohlokoa a ho khetholla maemo a qalang le lisosa tsa CSB le bothata ba mathata a mang.

18) Dysfunctions tsa thobalano Inthaneteng Era (2018) - Excerpt:

Takatso e tlase ea thobalano, khotsofalo e fokotsehileng likamanong tsa botona le botšehali, le dysfunction ea erectile (ED) li atile haholo bathong ba bacha. Phuputsong ea Mataliana ho tloha ka 2013, ho fihla ho 25% ea lithuto tse tšoeroeng ke ED li ne li le ka tlase ho lilemo tse 40 [1], mme phuputsong e ts'oanang e phatlalalitsoeng ka 2014, ba fetang halofo ea banna ba Canada ba nang le thobalano ba pakeng tsa lilemo tse 16 le 21. a tšoeroe ke mofuta o mong oa khatello ea botona kapa botšehali. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ts'oaetso ea mekhoa e seng kotsi ea bophelo bo botle e amanang le organic ED ha e so fetohe haholo kapa e fokotsehile lilemong tse mashome tse fetileng, ho fana ka maikutlo a hore psychogenic ED e ntse e eketseha [2].

DSM-IV-TR e hlalosa boitšoaro bo bong bo nang le litšobotsi tse kang ho becha, ho ea mabenkeleng, boitšoaro ba thobalano, tšebeliso ea marang-rang, le tšebeliso ea lipapali tsa video, e le "mathata a ho susumetsa a sa laoloang libakeng tse ling ntle le tšebeliso ea bona" ]. Patlisiso ea morao tjena e khothalelitse karolo ea tlhekefetso ea boitšoaro litabeng tsa thobalano: liphetoho litseleng tsa methapo e amanang le karabo ea thobalano e kanna ea ba sephetho sa tšusumetso e pheta-phetoang ea tšimoloho e fapaneng.

Har'a mekhoa ea boitšoaro bo hlephileng, ho sebelisoa ha Inthanete ka bothata le ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephileng tsa bootsoa hangata ho boleloa ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang lisosa tsa kotsi bakeng sa ho se sebetse ka thobalano, hangata ho se na moeli o tiileng pakeng tsa lintho tse peli tse etsahalang. Basebelisi ba Inthanete ba khahloa ke litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tsa Inthanete ka lebaka la ho se tsejoe ha tsona, ho khoneha, le ho fumaneha habonolo, 'me maemong a mangata tšebeliso ea eona e ka lebisa basebelisi ka ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate le ba bang Inthaneteng: maemong ana, basebelisi ba ka lebala karolo ea "ho iphetola" ha thobalano, ho fumana thabo e eketsehileng ea lintho tse hlalosang thobalano ka boithatelo ho feta ho kopanela liphate.

Libukeng, bafuputsi ha ba lumellane le mosebetsi o motle le o fosahetseng oa litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso. Ho tloha ponong e fosahetseng, e emela sesosa se ka sehloohong sa boitšoaro bo qobelloang ba masturbatory, lithethefatsi tsa ho kopanela liphate le inthaneteng, esita le ho se sebetse ha erectile.

19) Mekhoa ea ho ba le tšebetso ea kelello ea khatello ea boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate (2018) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Ho tla fihlela joale, lipatlisiso tse ngata tsa ho kopanela liphate ka boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate li fane ka bopaki ba mekhoa e feteletseng ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate le lithethefatsi tse seng tsa thobalano. Boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate bo amahanngoa le ho sebetsa ho fetotsoeng libakeng tsa boko le marang-rang a amehang tabeng ea ho khothaletsa, ho tloaela, ho tsitsisa maikutlo, le ho fumana moputso oa lipapali tse kang lintho, ho becha le lithethefatsi tsa lipapali. Libaka tse kholo tsa boko tse amanang le likarolo tsa CSB li kenyelletsa li-cortices tse ka pele le tsa nakoana, amygdala le striatum, ho kenyeletsa le nucleus accumbens.

CSBD e kenyelelitsoe phetolelong ea hona joale eaICD-11 e le lefu la ho laola maikutlo [39]. Joalokaha ho hlalositsoe ke WHO, 'Matšoao a ho laola mohopolo a khetholloa ka ho hlōleha ho hanela ho susumetsa, ho khanna, kapa ho khothalletsa ho etsa ketso e putsang motho, bonyane ka nako e khutšoanyane, ho sa tsotellehe liphello tse kang nako e telele -a ntša kotsi ho motho ka mong kapa ho ba bang, ho tšoenyeha ho hlakileng mabapi le boitšoaro, kapa ho senyeha ho hoholo ho motho ka mong, malapeng, sechabeng, thuto, mosebetsing, kapa libakeng tse ling tsa bohlokoa "[39]. Liphuputso tsa morao-rao li hlahisa lipotso tsa bohlokoa mabapi le lihlopha tsa CSBD. Mathata a mangata a khetholloang ke ho laoloa ke maikutlo a mangata a khetholloa libakeng tse ling ICD-11 (mohlala, ho bapala papali ea chelete, papali, le mathata a sebelisoang ke lithethefatsi ho khetholloa e le ho ba le mathata a ho lemalla lithethefatsi) [123].

20) Tlhahlobo ea Hona Joale ea Boits'oaro bo Botle ba ho Kopanela Liphate le Bothata ba Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Ho Sebelisa (2018) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Liphuputso tsa morao-rao tsa theo ea likokoana-hloko li senoletse hore boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate bo amahanngoa le ho fetoloa ho sebetsanoang le lisebelisoa tsa thobalano le ho fapana ha sebopeho sa boko le mosebetsi

Liphuputso tse hlalositsoeng ka bokhutšoanyane ka kakaretso ea rona li fana ka ts'ebetso e fapaneng le mekhoa e amanang le boitšoaro le lithethefatsi, e arolelanang mefuta e mengata e sa tloaelehang e fumanehang bakeng sa CSBD (joalokaha e hlahlojoe ka [127]). Le hoja ho feta tlaleho ea hona joale, lithethefatsi le lits'ebeletso tsa boitšoaro li khetholloa ka mokhoa o fetotsoeng oa reactivity o hlophisitsoeng ka mehato e ikemetseng, ea boitšoaro le ea methapo ea maikutlo (ho shebella litlhahlobo le litlhahlobo: [128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133]; joala: [134, 135]; cocaine: [136, 137]; koae: [138, 139]; papali ea chelete: [140, 141]; papali: [142, 143]). Liphetho mabapi le ho ikopanya ha basebetsi boemong bo phomolo bo bontša ho tšoana pakeng tsa CSBD le lithethefatsi tse ling [144, 145].

Le hoja liphuputso tse seng kae tsa leano la boloetse ba boloetse ba boloetse ba CSBD li 'nile tsa khannoa ho fihlela joale, boitsebiso bo teng bo bontša hore ho na le lintho tse sa tloaelehang tse amanang le likarolo tse ling tse kang ho sebelisoa ha lithethefatsi le ho becha. Ka hona, data e teng e fana ka maikutlo a hore mekhahlelo ea eona e ka ba e loketseng e le ho lemalla boitšoaro ho e-na le bothata ba ho laola maikutlo.

21) Ventral Striatal Reactivity In Compulsive Sexual Behaviors (2018) - Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Likhatello tsa ho kopanela liphate ho qobella (CSB) ke lebaka la ho batla phekolo. Ho latela 'nete ena, palo ea lithuto tsa CSB e eketsehile haholo lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng le Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) o kenyeletsa CSB ka tlhahiso ea eona bakeng sa ICD-11 e tlang ...... Ho tloha ponong ea rona, ho hlokahala hore re batlisise hore na CSB e ka khetholla likarolo tse peli tse tsejoang ke: (1) boitšoaro bo bobe ba likamano tsa botona le botšehali, le (2) boitšoaro bo bobe bo kopanetsoeng ba ho kopanela liphate le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li shebile (48, 49).

Palo ea liphuputso tse fumanehang ho CSB (le mekhoa e mengata ea meriana ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa hangata) e ntse e eketseha. Har'a lipatlisiso tse fumanehang hona joale, re fumane libuka tse robong (Letlapa 1) e sebelisoang litšoantšong tse sebetsang tsa matla a motlakase. Ke tse 'nè feela ho tsena (36-39) ho batlisisitsoe ka ho hlaka ho sebetsana le litlhahiso tsa boets'oaro le / kapa meputso le ho tlaleha liphuputso tse amanang le ts'ebetso ea ventral striatum. Liphuputso tse tharo li bontša ho eketseha ha maikutlo ho hlaselang batho ba nang le tšusumetso e matla bakeng sa tšusumetso e mpe ea tlhaho (36-39) kapa ho bolela hore ho na le ntho e joalo e ka hlalosang (36-39). Liphuputso tsena li lumellana le Khopolo ea Sentience ea Khothaletso (IST) (28), e 'ngoe ea mekhoa e hlaheletseng e hlalosang bokhoni ba boko bo lemalla. Tšehetso feela ea moralo o mong oa theknoloji o bolelang esale pele boikaketsi ba thibelo ea ventral e lemalla, khopolo ea RDS (29, 30), e tsoa karolong e itseng ea thuto (37), moo batho ba nang le CSB ba hlahisitseng ts'ebetso e tlaase ea ventral e hlaselang ha e bapisoa le litaelo.

22) Bootsoa bo Inthaneteng: Seo re se Tsebang le Seo re sa se Tsebeng - Tlhahlobo ea Ts'ebetso (2019)- Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng, ho bile le leqhubu la lingoliloeng tse amanang le bokhoba ba boitšoaro; tse ling tsa tsona li shebile ho lemalla lithethefatsi tsa bootsoa inthaneteng. Leha ho le joalo, ho sa natse boiteko bohle, re ntse re sa khone ho hlahisa maikutlo ha ho etsa boitšoaro bona ho fetoha ho ts'oaroang. Mathata a tloaelehileng a kenyelletsa: mohlala oa leeme, ho batla lisebelisoa tsa tlhahlobo ea mali, ho hanana le taba, le taba ea hore karolo ena e ka akaretsoa kahare ho psychology e kholo haholo (ke hore, tlhekefetso ea thobalano) e ka iponahatsang ka matšoao a fapaneng haholo. Ho lemalla boitšoaro bo bobe ho theha sebaka se sa ithutoang haholo, 'me hangata se bontša mofuta oa tšebeliso ea mathata: tahlehelo ea taolo, ho senyeha le ts'ebeliso e kotsi.

Hypersexual disorder e tšoanela mohlala ona mme e kanna ea etsoa ka boitsoaro bo fapaneng ba thobalano, joalo ka ts'ebeliso e mpe ea ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa inthaneteng (POPU). Ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa inthaneteng e ntse e eketseha, 'me monyetla oa ho lemalla ho nahana ka tšusumetso ea "makhetlo a mararo" (ho fumaneha, ho ba bonolo, ho se tsejoe). Ts'ebeliso ena e nang le mathata e kanna ea ba le litlamorao tse matla kholisong ea thobalano le ts'ebetso ea thobalano, haholoholo hara bacha.

Ho latela seo re se tsebang, lipatlisiso tse 'maloa tsa morao-rao li tšehetsa mokhatlo ona e le lithethefatsi le lits'oants'o tsa bohlokoa tsa kliniki tse kang ho se sebetse ka thobalano le khotsofalo ea kelello. Boholo ba mosebetsi o teng o thehiloe lipatlisisong tse tšoanang tse entsoeng ka lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi, ho itšetlehile ka khopolo-taba ea litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro e le 'boipheliso bo phahameng' ho ea ho ntho e le 'ngoe eo ka eona ho sebelisoang ho sebelisoang, ho ka hlahisang boloetse ba ho lemalla. Leha ho le joalo, likhopolo tse kang ho mamellana le ho ipolaea ha li e-s'o behoe ka ho lekaneng hore li tšoanelehe ho khetholla lithethefatsi, 'me kahoo li etsa karolo ea bohlokoa ea lipatlisiso tsa nakong e tlang. Ka motsotso ona, mokhatlo oa lefu lena o akarelletsang boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate o kenyelelitsoe ICD-11 ka lebaka la bohlokoa ba hona joale ba kliniki, 'me ka sebele o tla sebelisoa ho rarolla bakuli ba nang le matšoao ana a kenyang lingaka thuso.

23) Boemo le nts'etsopele ea lithethefatsi tse ts'oanang le lithethefatsi tsa Inthanete: maemo a ho ikemela ka bomong, mekhoa e matlafatsang le mekhoa ea methapo (2019) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Ho qala le nts'etsopele ea temallo ea cybersex e na le mekhahlelo e 'meli e nang le maemo a boemo ba maemo le boemo bo sebetsang. Taba ea mantlha, batho ka bomong ba sebelisa cybersex ka linako tse ling ka lebaka la boithabiso le bohelehele. Boemong bona, ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa marang-rang e na le litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso ea ho kopanela likobo 'me liphetho tsa maemo a boemo bo holimo, li lebisa tlhokomelong ea likhakanyo tse amanang le cybersex tse tsosang takatso e matla. Ho ba kotsing ea motho ka mong ho boetse ho nolofalletsa maikutlo a amanang le cybersex. Boemong ba bobeli, batho ka bomong ba sebelisa cybersex khafetsa ho khotsofatsa litakatso tsa bona tsa thobalano kapa Nakong ea ts'ebetso ena, ts'ebeliso ea kelello e amanang le cybersex joalo ka tebello e ntle ea cybersex le ts'ebetso ea ho sebetsana le eona joalo ka ho e sebelisa ho sebetsana le maikutlo a mabe e matlafatsoa. ka ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea cybersex joalo ka narcissism, takatso ea thobalano, thabo ea thobalano, ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea botona le botšehali le eona e matlafatsoa, ​​ha litšitiso tse tloaelehileng tsa botho joalo ka letsoalo, boitšepo bo tlase le psychopathologies joalo ka khatello ea maikutlo, ho tšoenyeha ho matlafatsoa.

Lits'oants'o tsa mosebetsi oa Executive li etsahala ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea nako e telele ea cybersex. Ho sebelisana le bofokoli ba mesebetsi e phahameng le ho lakatsa ka matla ho etsa hore ho be le nts'etsopele le ho e hlokomela. Bafuputsi ba sebelisang lisebelisoa tse sebelisang matla a ho nahana ka matla a boloi le bokong haholo ha ba ithuta ho lemalla tahi ea cybersex ba fumane hore batho ba lemaletseng cybersex ba ka ba le takatso e matla le ho feta ea ho batla cybersex ha ba tobane le lintho tse amanang le cybersex, empa ba ikutloa ba sa ratehe ebile ba sa li rate ha ba li sebelisa. Boithuto bo fana ka bopaki ba takatso e matla e bakoang ke lithahasello tse amanang le cybersex le ts'ebetso e mpe ea botsamaisi.

Qetellong, batho ba kotsing ea ho lemalla ho sebelisa li-cybersex ba ke ke ba emisa ts'ebeliso e matla ea takatso ea ho etsa thobalano le batho ba holofetseng, empa ba ikutloa ba sa khotsofala ha ba e sebelisa, 'me ba batla lisebelisoa tse ling tsa bootsoa tsa mantlha Marang-rang ka litšenyehelo tsa nako le chelete e ngata. Hang ha ba fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea cybersex kapa ba e tlohela feela, ba tla ba le mathata a mangata a kang khatello ea maikutlo, ho tšoenyeha, ho se sebetse hantle, ho hloka takatso ea thobalano.

24) Likhopolo, thibelo, le kalafo ea ts'ebeliso e mpe ea tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (2019)- Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Boloetse bo qobelloang ba boitšoaro ba thobalano, bo kenyelletsang tšebeliso e mpe ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ​​bo kenyellelitsoe ho ICD-11 e le khatello ea taolo ea tšusumetso. Mekhoa ea tlhahlobo ea bokhopo bona, leha ho le joalo, e tšoana haholo le litekanyetso tsa lits'oaetso ka lebaka la boits'oaro bo bobebe, mohlala, ho pheta-pheta liketso tsa thobalano e le sepheo sa mantlha bophelong ba motho, boiteko bo sa atleheng ba ho fokotsa boits'oaro bo botle ba thobalano le boitšoaro bo tsoelang pele ba boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalano le leha e le bofe. e ba le litlamorao tse mpe (WHO, 2019). Bafuputsi ba bangata le baoki ba boetse ba pheha khang ea hore tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso e ka nkoa e le lemallo la boitšoaro.

Ho etsa lintho tse ncha hape ho lakatsa ho kopants'oa le taolo e fokotsang taolo ea bokhoni, ho lemoha lintho tse senotsoeng (mohlala: mekhoa e atamelaneng) le ho fumana khotsofalo le matšeliso a amanang le tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ho bontšitsoe ho batho ba nang le matšoao a ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse ts'oereng litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Lithuto tsa Neurosciology li tiisa ho kenella ha lipotoloho tse amanang le bokhoba ba tahi, ho kenyelletsa le "ventri striatum" le likarolo tse ling tsa loonto e kholo ea nts'etsopele, ho nts'etsopele le ho boloka ts'ebeliso ea mathata a ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Litlaleho tsa nyeoe le lithuto tse netefatsang taba li bonts'a katleho ea ts'ebetso ea meriana, mohlala, ts'oaetso ea opioid antagonist naltrexone, bakeng sa ho phekola batho ba nang le ts'ebeliso e mpe ea ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le tlhekefetso ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalano.

Boithuto ba maikutlo le bopaki bo matla li fana ka maikutlo a hore mekhoa le ts'ebeliso ea maikutlo le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea likamano tsa botona le botšehali le tsona li nepahetse bakeng sa bothata ba tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.

25) Ts'ebeliso ea Mathata a Litšoantšo tsa Bootsoa e Ikutloisang: Moetso o Hloekileng o tsoang ho Patlisiso ea Domain Criteria le pono ea tikoloho (2019) - Litemana tse qotsitsoeng

Ts'ebeliso ea bothata ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tse ipitsang e bonahala e amana le likarolo tse ngata tsa tlhahlobo le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng nthong ea setho. Ho latela liphumano kahare ho paro ea RDoC e hlalositsoeng ka holimo, hoa khonahala ho etsa mofuta o kopaneng oo likarolo tse fapaneng tsa tekolo li amang e mong le e mong (sa feiga. 1). Ho bonahala eka maemo a phahameng a dopamine, a teng ts'ebetsong ea tlhaho ea moputso e amanang le ts'ebetso ea thobalano le li-orgasm, e kena-kenana le tsamaiso ea tsamaiso ea VTA-NAc ho batho ba tlalehang SPPPU. Ts'isinyeho ena e lebisa ts'ebetsong e kholo ea sistimi ea moputso le maemo a eketsehang a amanang le ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso, e hlohlelletsang boitšoaro ba mokhoa oa ho sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ka lebaka la keketseho ea dopamine ho li-nucleus tsa nucleus.

Ho tsoela pele ho pepesehela litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro kapele le habonolo ho bonahala ho baka ho se leka-lekane tsamaisong ea mesolimbic dopaminergic. Dopamine ena e fetelletseng e kenya tšebetsong litsela tsa tlhahiso ea GABA, e hlahisang dynorphin e le sehlahisoa, se thibelang li-dopamine neurons. Ha dopamine e fokotseha, acetylcholine e ea lokolloa mme e ka hlahisa boemo bo fetohelang (Hoebel et al. 2007), e theha sistimi e mpe ea moputso e fumanoang mokhahlelong oa bobeli oa mefuta ea tahi. Ho se leka-lekane hona ho boetse ho amana le ho fetoha ho tloha mokhoeng oa ho qoba boitšoaro, bo bonoang ho batho ba tlalehang mathata a ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa…. Liphetoho tsena mekhoeng ea kahare le boits'oaro har'a batho ba nang le SPPPU li ts'oana le tse bonoang ho batho ba nang le lithethefatsi, le 'mapa ho mefuta ea tahi (Love et al. 2015).

26) Tlhahiso ea ts'ebetso ea cybersex: kakaretso ea nts'etsopele le kalafo ea bokuli bo sa tsoa hlaha (2020) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Bokhoba ba cybersex ke bokhoba bo sa amaneng le lintho tse amanang le thobalano e fumanehang marang-rang. Matsatsing ana, mefuta e fapaneng ea lintho tse amanang le thobalano kapa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e fumaneha habonolo ka mecha ea phatlalatso ea inthanete. Indonesia, likamano tsa botona le botšehali hangata li nkoa li le bohlasoa empa bacha ba bangata ba pepesitsoe litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso. Ho ka lebisa ho lemeneng le litlamorao tse ngata tse mpe ho basebelisi, joalo ka likamano, chelete le mathata a kelello joalo ka khatello e kholo ea maikutlo le mathata a ho tšoenyeha.

27) Ke Maemo Afe A Lokelang ho Nkoa E le Litšitiso Khethong ea Machaba ea Maloetse (ICD-11) Tlhaloso ea "Mathata a Mang a Ikhethileng Ka lebaka la Boitšoaro bo Ts'oanang"? (2020) - Tlhahlobo e entsoeng ke litsebi tsa bokhoba ba lithethefatsi e fihlela qeto ea hore ts'ebeliso e mpe ea tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ke boemo bo lokelang ho fumanoa ka sehlopha sa ICD-11 "mathata a mang a boletsoeng ka lebaka la boits'oaro bo bobebe". Ka mantsoe a mang, tšebeliso ea thobalano e qobelloang e shebahala joaloka lithethefatsi tse ling tse amoheloang. Lintlha:

Tlokotsi e kopanetsoeng ea boitšoaro ba thobalano, joalo ka ha e kentsoe sehlopheng sa ICD-11 ea mathata a laoloang ke tšusumetso, e ka kenyelletsa boitšoaro bo bongata bo amanang le thobalano ho kenyelletsa ho shebella litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso tse nang le ketsahalo e loketseng (Moetso, Blycker, & Potenza, 2019; Kraus et al., 2018). Phatlalatso ea karohano ea khatello ea boitšoaro bo tiileng ba thobalano e tšoeroe (Derbyshire & Grant, 2015), ha bangoli ba bang ba fana ka maikutlo a hore sebopeho sa tšebeliso ea litheko se nepahetse (Gola le Potenza, 2018), e ka bang boemo bo khethehileng ho batho ba nang le mathata a amanang le tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso eseng tse tsoang liketsong tse ling tsa thobalano kapa tse susumetsang.Gola, Lewczuk, & Skorko, 2016; Kraus, Martino, & Potenza, 2016).

Tataiso ea tlhahlobo ea boloetse ba lipapali e arolelana likarolo tse 'maloa le ba nang le khatello ea boitšoaro bo khothalletsoang ba thobalano mme e ka amoheloa ka ho fetola "papali" ho "ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa." Likarolo tsena tse tharo tsa mantlha li nkuoe e le karolo ea ts'ebeliso e mpe ea ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.Moetso, Blycker, et al., 2019) mme e hlahelle e lekana ka nepo mehopolo ea mantlha (Feie. 1). Boithuto bo 'maloa bo bontšitse bohlokoa ba tleliniki (litekanyetso 1) tsa ts'ebeliso e mpe ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ​​tse lebisang ho senyeha hoa ts'ebetso bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi ho kenyelletsa ho senya mosebetsi le likamano tsa motho, le ho lokafatsa kalafo (Gola le Potenza, 2016; Kraus, Meshberg-Cohen, Martino, Quinones, & Potenza, 2015; Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016). Liphuputsong tse 'maloa le lingoloa tsa tlhahlobo, mehlala e tsoang lipatlisisong tsa bokhoba ba litekanyetso (2) e sebelisitsoe ho fumana litlatsetso le ho hlalosa sephetho (Moetso, Antons, Wegmann, & Potenza, 2019; Khoebo, Wegmann, et al., 2019; Brand, Young, et al., 2016; Stark et al., 2017; Wéry, Deleuze, Kanale, & Billieux, 2018). Tlhahiso-leseling e tsoang tlalehong ea boits'oaro, boits'oaro, electrophysiological, le neuroimaging e bonts'a ho kenya letsoho ha lits'ebetso tsa kelello le lithuto tsa motheo tsa neural tse fumanoeng lipatlisiso le ho theoleloa maemong a fapaneng a likhathatso tsa tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi le mathata a papali ea chelete (temana ea 3). Lits'oants'o tsa lihlahisoa tse hlokometsoeng lithutong tsa pejana li kenyelletsa ho etsa mosebetsi o mongata le ho lakatsa ho tsamaea le ts'ebetso e eketsehileng libakeng tsa boko tse amanang le moputso, khethollo ea kelello, ho etsa liqeto tse kotsi, le (taolo e tobileng) taolo ea thibelo (mohlala, Antons & Brand, 2018; Antons, Mueller, et al., 2019; Antons, Trotzke, Wegmann, & Brand, 2019; Bothe et al., 2019; Moetso, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Klucken, Wehrum-Osinsky, Schweckendiek, Kruse, & Stark, 2016; Kowalewska le al., 2018; Mechelmans et al., 2014; Stark, Klucken, Potenza, Brand, & Strahler, 2018; Voon et al., 2014).

Motheong oa bopaki bo hlahlojoang mabapi le mekhoa e meraro ea meta e hlahisitsoeng, re fana ka maikutlo a hore ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso ke boemo bo ka fumanoang ka sehlopha sa ICD-11 "mathata a mang a boletsoeng ka lebaka la boits'oaro bo bobebe" bo thehiloeng moleng o meraro Mekhoa ea bothata ba lipapali, e fetotsoeng mabapi le ho sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (Moetso, Blycker, et al., 2019). E le 'ngoe conditio sine qua e seng bakeng sa ho nahana ka ts'ebeliso e mpe ea tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso ka har'a sehlopha sena e ka ba hore motho eo o hlokofatsoa ka ho khetheha taolong ea tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (matsatsing ana litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa inthaneteng maemong a mangata), tse sa tsamaelaneng le boits'oaro bo hatelletseng ba thobalano (Kraus et al., 2018). Ho feta moo, boitšoaro bo lokela ho nkuoa e le ts'ebetso ea ho lemalla ha feela e amana le ho senyeha hoa ts'ebetso le ho ba le litlamorao tse mpe bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi, joalo ka ha ho le joalo bakeng sa bokuli ba lipapali (Billieux et al., 2017; Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo, 2019). Leha ho le joalo, re boetse rea hlokomela hore bothata ba tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso hajoale bo ka tšoaetsoa lefu la hona joale la ICD-11 la ts'oaetso ea thobalano e qobelloang, ka lebaka la ho shebella litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso (hangata ho ipholla litho tsa botona kapa tsa botšehali empa ho ka etsahala hore ho be le thobalano e kopaneng). Finyella litekanyetso tsa tlhekefetso ea boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalanoKraus le Sweeney, 2019). Tlhahlobo ea bofebe e qobelloang ea boitšoaro ba thobalano e kanna ea lekana batho ba sa sebeliseng litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso feela, empa ba nang le bothata bo bong bo amanang le boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalano bo amanang le thobalano. Tlhahlobo ea bokhopo ba tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa joalo ka bokuli bo bong bo hlalositsoeng ka lebaka la boits'oaro bo bobebe e ka ba e lekaneng bakeng sa batho ba nang le bothata ba ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa feela (maemong a mangata a tsamaeang le thobalano). Hore na phapang pakeng tsa tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa inthaneteng le ntle le inthanete e ka ba molemo hajoale ho ntse ho ngangisanoa, ho joalo le ka papali ea marang-rang / ntle le inthanete (Király & Demetrovics, 2017).

28) Sebopeho sa ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka mokhoa o qobelloang le ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro Inthaneteng: Tlhahlobo (2020) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Liphuputso tse fumanehang li fana ka maikutlo a hore ho na le likarolo tse 'maloa tsa CSBD le POPU tse lumellanang le litšobotsi tsa bokhoba ba tahi, le hore mehato e thusang ho lebisa tlhokomelo litlamong tsa boitšoaro le lithethefatsi e fana ka tumello ea ho lekola le ho e sebelisa ho ts'ehetsa batho ba nang le CSBD le POPU. Le ha ho se na liteko tse sa sebetseng tsa kalafo bakeng sa CSBD kapa POPU, bahanyetsi ba opioid, kalafo ea boits'oaro ba boits'oaro, le ho kenella ka mohopolo ho bonahala ho bontša tšepiso motheong oa litlaleho tse ling.

Neurobiology ea POPU le CSBD e kenyelletsa likamano tse 'maloa tse arolelanoang tsa neuroanatomical tse nang le mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi, lits'ebetso tse tšoanang tsa neuropsychological, hammoho le liphetoho tse tloaelehileng tsa neurophysiological tsamaisong ea moputso oa dopamine.

Liphuputso tse 'maloa li bontšitse mekhoa e arolelanoang ea ho se sebetse hantle ha pelo lipakeng tsa bokhoba ba thobalano le mathata a lemalloang.

Ho shebella tšebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi, ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro e na le tšusumetso e mpe libakeng tse 'maloa tsa ts'ebetso, ho senyeha le khatello ea maikutlo.

29) Boitšoaro bo sa sebetseng ba thobalano: Tlhaloso, maemo a kliniki, profiles ea neurobiological le kalafo (2020) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

1. Ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro har'a bacha, ba e sebelisang haholo inthaneteng, e hokahane le ho fokotseha ha takatso ea thobalano le ho ntsha peo pele ho nako, hape maemong a mang le mathata a khatello ea maikutlo sechabeng, khatello ea maikutlo, DOC le ADHD [30-32] .

2. Ho na le phapang e hlakileng ea "neurobiological" lipakeng tsa "basebetsi ba thobalano" le "makhoba a litšoantšo tsa bootsoa": haeba motho oa pele a na le hypoactivity ea ventral, ba qetellang ba khetholloa ke ts'ebetso e kholo ea ts'ebetsong bakeng sa lipontšo tsa thobalano le meputso ntle le boikaketsi ba lipotoloho tsa moputso. Sena se ka fana ka maikutlo a hore basebetsi ba hloka ho ikopanya le batho ba bang, ha ba morao ba tloaetse ho etsa boinotšing [33,34]. Hape, ba lemaletseng lithethefatsi ba bonts'a ho se hlophisehe ho hoholo ha taba e tšoeu ea prefrontal cortex [35].

3. Ho lemalla lit soant so tsa bootsoa, ​​leha e le mokhoa o fapaneng oa ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate, e ntse e le mofuta oa boitšoaro bo hlephileng mme ho se sebetse hantle hona ho thusa ho mpefatsa boemo ba motho ba psychopathological, ka kotloloho le ka tsela e sa tobang e amanang le phetoho ea methapo ea kutlo boemong ba ho hloka ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea thobalano, hypersensitization ho ho hlohlelletsa ho se sebetse ka thobalano, boemo bo totobetseng ba khatello ea maikutlo bo ka amang boleng ba lihormone tsa axis ea pituitary-hypothalamic-adrenal le boikaketsi ba lipotoloho tsa pele [36].

4. Mamello e tlase ea ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e netefalitsoe ke phuputso ea fMRI e fumaneng boteng bo tlase ba taba e putsoa tsamaisong ea moputso (dorsal striatum) e amanang le bongata ba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tse jeoang. O boetse a fumana hore ts'ebeliso e ntseng e eketseha ea litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro e tsamaellana le ts'ebeliso e nyane ea potoloho ea moputso ha o ntse o shebile lifoto tsa thobalano hakhutšoane. Bafuputsi ba lumela hore liphetho tsa bona li bonts'itse ho hloka boithati le ho mamellana, e leng tlhoko ea ho hlasimoloha ho feta ho fihlela boemo bo ts'oanang ba tsoho. Ho feta moo, lipontšo tsa bokhoni bo tlase li fumanoe ho Putamen lithutong tse itšetlehileng ka litšoantšo tsa bootsoa [37].

5. Ho fapana le seo motho a ka se nahanang, makhoba a litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ha a na takatso e matla ea thobalano mme tloaelo ea ho ipholla litho tsa botona kapa botšehali e amanang le ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e fokotsa takatso hape e lumella ho tsoa peo pele ho nako, kaha taba e ikutloa e phutholohile haholo mesebetsing ea motho a le mong. Ka hona batho ba nang le ts'ebeliso e kholo ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba khetha ho etsa thobalano ba le bang ho fapana le motho oa nnete [38,39].

6. Ho emisoa ka tšohanyetso ha lithethefatsi tse hlephisang boitšoaro ho baka litlamorao tse mpe maikutlong, nyakallo, le khotsofalo ea likamano tsa botona le botšehali [40,41].

7. Tšebeliso e kholo ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e thusa ho qala ha mathata a kelello le mathata a kamano [42].

8. Marang-rang a amanang le boitšoaro ba thobalano a ts'oana le a amehang ho sebetsaneng le meputso e meng, ho kenyeletsoa le lithethefatsi.

30) Ke eng e lokelang ho kenyelletsoa maemong a tlhekefetso ea boits'oaro ba thobalano? (2020) - Pampiri ena ea bohlokoa e ipapisitseng le lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao, ka bonolo e lokisa tse ling tsa liqoso tsa lipatlisiso tsa bootsoa tse khelosang. Har'a tse hlahelletseng, bangoli ba nka mohopolo o sa hlompheng oa "boits'oaro bo bobe" o tummeng haholo ke bafuputsi ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Hape sheba chate e thusang ha e bapisoa Khaello ea Boitšoaro bo Qobelloang ba ho Kopanela Liphate le tlhahiso e fosahetseng ea DSM-5 Hypersexual Disorder. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Thabo e fokotsehileng e tsoang boitšoarong ba botona le botšehali e kanna ea bontša mamello e amanang le ho pheta-pheta le ho pepesehela maikutlo a feteletseng a thobalano, a kenyellelitsoeng mefuteng ea lithethefatsi ea CSBD (Kraus, Voon, & Potenza, 2016) mme e ts'ehetsoa ke liphuputso tsa methapoKe Tla Tseba Joang 2018). Karolo ea bohlokoa bakeng sa mamello e amanang le ts'ebeliso e mpe ea litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro e boetse e khothalelitsoe sechabeng le mehlala e meng e menyenyane (Chen le al., 2021). ...

Sehlopha sa CSBD e le bothata ba ho laola maikutlo le sona se hloka hore ho nahanoe. … Liphuputso tse ling li ka thusa ho ntlafatsa tlhophiso e nepahetseng ka ho fetesisa ea CSBD joalo ka ha ho etsahetse ka bothata ba papali ea chelete, e hlophisitsoeng bocha ho tloha sehlopheng sa mathata a taolo ea ts'usumetso ho litlamorao tse seng tsa lithethefatsi kapa tsa boitšoaro ho DSM-5 le ICD-11. … Ho se be le takatso e matla ea ho etsa lintho tse fosahetseng ho ka se tlatsetse ka matla ts'ebelisong e litšila ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa joalo ka ha ba bang ba hlahisitse (Bőthe et al., 2019).

… Maikutlo a boits'oaro bo sa lokang ha aa lokela ho etsa hore motho a se ke a tšoaneleha hore a se ke a fumana tlhatlhobo ea CSBD. Mohlala, ho shebella lintho tse amanang le thobalano tse sa tsamaellaneng le litumelo tsa hau tsa boitšoaro (mohlala, litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tse kenyelletsang pefo khahlano le ho hanyetsa basali (Bridges et al., 2010khethollo ea morabe (Fritz, Malic, Paul, & Zhou, 2020), lihlooho tsa peto le ho nyalana ka thobalano (Bőthe et al., 2021; Rothman, Kaczmarsky, Burke, Jansen, le Baughman, 2015) e ka tlalehoa e le boitšoaro bo sa lokang, 'me ho shebella lintho tse joalo ka mokhoa o fetelletseng ho ka baka tšenyo libakeng tse ngata (mohlala, tsa molao, tsa mosebetsi, tsa motho ka mong le tsa lelapa). Hape, motho a ka ikutloa a sa itšoare hantle mabapi le boits'oaro bo bong (mohlala, ho becha bothateng ba papali ea chelete kapa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi mathateng a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi), empa boits'oaro ba boits'oaro ha bo nkuoe maemong a maemo a amanang le boits'oaro bona, leha e ka fana ka tumello nakong ea kalafo (Lewczuk, Nowakowska, Lewandowska, Potenza, & Gola, 2020). ...

31) Ho etsa liqeto bothateng ba papali ea chelete, ho sebelisa bothata ba ho sheba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro le bothata ba ho itlopa joala: ho tšoana le phapang (2021) - Tlhatlhobo e fana ka kakaretso ea mekhoa ea methapo ea kutlo ea papali ea chelete (GD), ts'ebeliso e nang le bothata ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (PPU), le bothata ba ho itlopa joala (BED), e shebileng haholo lits'ebetso tsa ho etsa liqeto tse amanang le ts'ebetso ea phethahatso (preortal cortex). Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Mekhoa e tloaelehileng e bakang mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi (li-SUD tse joalo ka joala, k'hok'heine le li-opioid) le mathata a lemalloang kapa a maladaptative kapa boits'oaro (joalo ka GD le PPU)5,6,7,8, 9••]. Litlhaloso tse arolelanoeng lipakeng tsa lithethefatsi le li-ED le tsona li hlalositsoe, haholo-holo ho kenyelletsa taolo e holimo-tlase ea taolo ea kelello [10,11,12] le ho sebetsana le moputso ho ea tlase-tlase [13, 14] liphetoho. Batho ba nang le mathata ana hangata ba bontša ho holofala ha taolo ea kelello le ho nka liqeto tse seng ntle [12, 15,16,17]. Ho fumanoe likhaello mekhoeng ea ho etsa liqeto le ho ithuta ka sepheo sa sepheo ho feta mathata a mangata; ka hona, li ka nkuoa e le likarolo tsa bongaka tsa transdiagnostic18,19,20]. Haholo-holo ho filoe tlhahiso ea hore lits'ebetso tsena li fumanoa ho batho ba nang le litlolo tsa boitšoaro (mohlala, ka mekhoa e 'meli le mefuta e meng ea tahi) [21,22,23,24].

Ho tšoana lipakeng tsa CSBD le lithethefatsi ho hlalositsoe, le taolo e holofetseng, ts'ebeliso e phehellang leha ho na le litlamorao, mme litloaelo tsa ho etsa liqeto tse kotsi li ka arolelanoa likarolo (37••, 40).

Ho utloisisa ho etsa liqeto ho na le moelelo oa bohlokoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo le kalafo ea batho ba nang le GD, PPU le BED. Liphetoho tse tšoanang tsa ho etsa liqeto tlasa kotsi le ho se utloisisehe, hammoho le litheolelo tse kholo tsa ho lieha, li tlalehiloe ho GD, BED le PPU. Liphumano tsena li tšehetsa karolo ea transdiagnostic e ka bang teng ho kenella bakeng sa mathata.

32) Ke Maemo Afe A Lokelang ho Nkoa E le Litšitiso Khethong ea Machaba ea Maloetse (ICD-11) Tlhaloso ea "Mathata a Mang a Ikhethileng Ka lebaka la Boitšoaro bo Ts'oanang"? (2020) - Tlhahlobo ea litsebi tsa tahi e phethela ka hore ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ke boemo bo ka fumanoang bo ena le sehlopha sa ICD-11 "mathata a mang a boletsoeng ka lebaka la boits'oaro". Ka mantsoe a mang, tšebeliso e mpe ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e shebahala joalo ka tse ling tse lemalloang tsa boits'oaro, tse kenyeletsang ho becha le mathata a lipapali. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng -

Hlokomela hore ha re khothaletse ho kenyeletsoa ha mathata a macha ho ICD-11. Empa, re ikemiselitse ho totobatsa hore mekhoa e meng e ka lemalloang e tšohloa lingoliloeng, tseo hajoale li sa kenyellelitsoeng e le mathata a ikhethileng ho ICD-11, empa a ka lumellanang le "mathata a mang a boletsoeng ka lebaka la boits'oaro" mme ka lebaka leo e ka ngoloa ka lebitso la 6C5Y ts'ebetsong ea bongaka. (khatiso e fanoe)…

Motheong oa bopaki bo hlahlojoang mabapi le mekhoa e meraro ea meta e hlahisitsoeng, re fana ka maikutlo a hore ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso ke boemo bo ka fumanoang ka sehlopha sa ICD-11 "mathata a mang a boletsoeng ka lebaka la boits'oaro bo bobebe" bo thehiloeng moleng o meraro Mekhoa ea bothata ba lipapali, e fetotsoeng mabapi le ho sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (Moetso, Blycker, et al., 2019) ....

Ho fumanoa ha bothata ba tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa joalo ka bokuli bo bong bo boletsoeng ka lebaka la boits'oaro bo ka ba bo lekaneng ho batho ba nang le bothata ba ho shebella litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro (maemong a mangata a tsamaeang le ho ipholla litho tsa botona kapa botšehali).

33) Mekhoa ea ho nahanisisa e amanang le bothata ba ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro (PPU): Tlhahlobo e hlophisehileng ea lithuto tsa liteko (2021) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Batho ba bang ba ba le matšoao le liphetho tse mpe tse tsoang ho ts'ebetsong ea bona e sa khaotseng, e fetelletseng le e nang le bothata litšoantšong tsa bootsoa (ke hore, Sebelisa Mathata a Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa, ​​PPU) Mefuta ea morao-rao ea thuto e fetohile lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa kutloisiso (mohlala, taolo ea thibelo, ho etsa liqeto, leeme la ho ela hloko, jj.) Ho hlalosa nts'etsopele le tlhokomelo ea PPU.

Pampiring ea hajoale, re lekola le ho hlophisa bopaki bo fumanoeng liphuputsong tse 21 tse batlisisang lits'ebetso tsa ts'ebeliso ea maikutlo tse thehiloeng ho PPU. Ka bokhutšoanyane, PPU e amana le: (a) khethollo ea maikutlo ho tsa thobalano, (b) taolo e haelloang ea thibelo (haholoholo, ho mathata a thibelo ea makoloi le ho suthisetsa tlhokomelo hole le litšitiso tse sa amaneng), (c) ts'ebetso e mpe le ho feta mesebetsing. ho lekola mohopolo oa ho sebetsa, le (d) mathata a ho etsa liqeto (haholo-holo, likhetho tsa phaello e nyane ea nako e khuts'oane ho fapana le phaello e kholo ea nako e telele, mekhoa ea khetho e potlakileng ho feta basebelisi bao e seng ba erotica, mekhoa ea ho atamela litakatso tsa thobalano, le liphoso ha ho ahlola kgoneho le boholo ba diphetho tse ka bang teng ka tlhakantsuke). Tse ling tsa liphuputso tsena li tsoa lipatlisisong tsa bakuli ba nang le PPU kapa ba fumanoeng ke SA / HD / CSBD le PPU e le bothata ba bona ba mantlha ba thobalano (mohlala, Mulhauser et al., 2014, Sklenarik et al., 2019), Ho fana ka maikutlo a hore lits'ebetso tsena tse sothehileng tsa kutloisiso li kanna tsa etsa lits'oants'o tsa 'bonolo' tsa PPU.

Boemong ba khopolo-taba, liphetho tsa tlhahlobo ena li tšehetsa bohlokoa ba likarolo tsa mantlha tsa kutloisiso ea mofuta oa I-PACE (Brand et al., 2016, Sklenarik et al., 2019).

34) PDF ea tlhahlobo e felletseng: Mathata a ho Kopanela Liphate ka ho Kopanela Liphate - ho iphetola ha tlhahlobo e ncha e hlahisitsoeng ho ICD-11, bopaki ba hajoale le liphephetso tse tsoelang pele tsa lipatlisiso (2021) - Abstract:

Ho 2019 Compulsive Sexual Behaeve Disorder (CSBD) e kentsoe semolao ho 11 e tlangth khatiso ea Tlhophiso ea Machaba ea Maloetse e phatlalalitsoeng ke Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO). Ho beoa ha CSBD joalo ka setsi se secha sa maloetse ho ile ha etelloa pele ke puisano e bolelele ba lilemo tse leshome tse tharo mabapi le mohopolo oa boits'oaro bona. Leha ho na le melemo ea liqeto tsa WHO, likhang tse mabapi le taba ena ha li e-so fele. Lingaka le bo-rasaense ka bobeli ba ntse ba ngangisana ka likheo tsebong ea hajoale mabapi le setšoantšo sa bongaka sa batho ba nang le CSBD, le mekhoa ea methapo le kelello e bakang bothata bona. Sengoloa sena se fana ka kakaretso ea litaba tsa bohlokoahali tse amanang le ho theoa ha CSBD joalo ka karolo e arohaneng ea tlhahlobo ea mafu ea kelello (joalo ka DSM le ICD), hammoho le kakaretso ea likhang tse kholo tse amanang le tlhophiso ea hona joale ea CSBD.

35) Karabelo ea Moputso, Ho Ithuta, le Bohlokoa bo Kenyellelitsoeng Tšebelisong ea Lits'oants'o Tsa Bootsoa Mathata - Tebello ea Lintlha tsa Sebaka sa Lipatlisiso (2022) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Ka kakaretso, liphetho tse tsoang lithutong tse rutang tsa SID li supa lits'ebetso tsa tebello ea boits'oaro le li-neural tse matlafatsoang mabapi le ho kopanela liphate ka meputso ea chelete ho barupeluoa ba nang le PPU joalo ka ha khopolo e tsebahalang ea khothatso ea bokhoba e hlahisa [35]. Khopolo ena e fana ka maikutlo a hore tšebeliso e pheta-phetoang ea ntho e matlafatsa potoloho ea moputso ho maqheka a amanang le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi, 'me litšoaneleho li eketsa litlamorao tsa likhothaletso ho lintlha tsena. E fetiselitsoe ho PPU, potoloho ea moputso e tla fana ka maikutlo a khothatso e eketsehileng ho matšoao a bontšang tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.

Ho tloha pheletsong:

Boemo ba hajoale ba lingoliloeng bo bontša hore litsamaiso tsa valence tsa RDoC ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa ho PPU. Bakeng sa tebello ea moputso, bopaki bo bonts'a khothatso ea khothatso mabapi le tšusumetso e phatlalatsang meputso ea thobalano ho bakuli ba nang le PPU ...

36) Na boitšoaro bo nang le mathata ba thobalano bo lokela ho talingoa tlas'a maemo a bokhoba? Tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng e thehiloeng ho mekhoa ea DSM-5 ea ho sebelisa lithethefatsi (2023)

Mekhoa ea DSM-5 ea mathata a ho lemalla e fumanoe e atile haholo har'a basebelisi ba thobalano ba nang le mathata, haholo-holo takatso, tahlehelo ea taolo holim'a tšebeliso ea thobalano, le litlamorao tse mpe tse amanang le boitšoaro ba thobalano…. Lithuto tse ling li lokela ho etsoa [ho sebelisoa] mekhoa ea DSM-5 [ho lekola] likarolo tse kang bokhoba ba boits'oaro bo nang le mathata ba thobalano bathong ba bongaka le bao e seng ba tleliniki.

Sheba Lithuto tse belaetsang le tse khelosang bakeng sa pampiri e phatlalalitsoeng haholo e seng seo ba ipolelang hore ke sona (pampiri ena ea letsatsi - Ley et al., 2014 - e ne e se tlhahlobo ea lingoliloeng mme a bua hampe ka maqhepe ao ao entseng). Bona leqepheng lena bakeng sa lithuto tse ngata tse hokahanyang tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le mathata a thobalano le ho fokotsa khotsofalo ea thobalano le kamano.

Lithuto tsa kelello (fMRI, MRI, EEG, Neuro-endocrine, Neuro-pyschological) ho ba sebelisang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate:

Lithuto tsa methapo ea kutlo tse ka tlase li arotsoe ka mekhoa e 'meli: (1) ke likamano tse amanang le bokhoba bo fetotseng ngoe le e ngoe e tlalehiloeng (2) ka letsatsi la phatlalatso.

1) E thathamisitsoe ke Phetoho ea Bolo e amanang le bokhoba: Liphetoho tse 'nè tse khōlō tsa boko tse bakoang ke ho lemala li hlalositsoe ke George F. Koob 'me Nora D. Volkow ka tlhahlobo ea bona e ikhethang. Koob ke Mookameli oa Setsi sa Sechaba ka Tlhekefetso ea Joala le Tahi (NIAAA), 'me Volkow ke mookameli oa Setsi sa Sechaba sa Tlhekefetso ea Meriana (NIDA). E ile ea hatisoa New England Journal of Medicine: Tsoelo-pele ea Neurobiologic ho tswa ho Bothata ba Bokooa Tlhahlobo ea Boitšoaro (2016). Leqephe lena le hlalosa liphetoho tse kholo tsa boko li amehang ka lithethefatsi le litloaelo tsa boitšoaro, ha li bua serapeng sa eona sa ho qala hore ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ho teng:

"Re etsa qeto ea hore li-neuroscience li tsoela pele ho tšehetsa mohlala oa lefu la bokooa. Lipatlisiso tsa kelello sebakeng sena ha li fane feela ka menyetla e mecha ea ho thibela le ho phekola lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi le mekhoa e amanang le boitšoaro (mohlala, ho lijo, ho kopanela liphate, le papali ea chelete) .... "

Pampiri ea Volkow & Koob e hlalositse liphetoho tse 'ne tsa mantlha tse bakiloeng ke ho lemalla bokhoba, e leng: 1) Sensitization, 2) Ho hlaseloa ha maikutlo, 3) Libaka tse sa sebetsaneng tsa lipotoloho (boikaketsi), 4) Tsamaiso ea khatello ea kelello e sa sebetseng. Bohle ba 4 ba liphetoho tsena tsa boko bo fumanoe har'a lithuto tse ngata tsa kelello tse thathamisitsoeng leqepheng lena:

  • Litlaleho tsa liphuputso ho hlohlelletsa (cue-reactivity & cravings) ho basebelisi ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa / ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.
  • Litlaleho tsa liphuputso ho hloka boithati kapa tloaelo (e leng ho fella ka ho mamelleha) bathong ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa / ho kopanela liphate: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
  • Liphuputso tse tlalehoang boemong bo bobebe bo sebetsang (boikaketsi) kapa ts'ebetsong ea li-prefrontal ho ba sebelisang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa / ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19.
  • Liphuputso tse bontšang a khatello ea maikutlo e sa sebetseng ho basebelisi ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa / ho kopanela liphate: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

2) E thathamisitsoe ke Letsatsi la Phatlalatso: Lenane le latelang le na le liphuputso tsohle tsa manonyeletso tse hatisitsoeng ho basebelisi ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate. Thuto ka 'ngoe e thathamisitsoeng ka tlase e tsamaisana le tlhaloso kapa excerpt, mme e bontša hore na liphetoho tsa bokooa ba 4 tse amanang le lithethefatsi li sa tsoa tšohla liphihlelo tsa tsona li lumella:

1) Phuputso ea pele ea liketso tsa Impulsive le Neuroanatomical tsa boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate (Miner et al., 2009) - [lipotoloho tse sa sebetseng tsa khethollo / mosebetsi o moholo oa bofutsana] - Phuputso e nyane ea fMRI e amang haholo-holo ba lemaletseng thobalano (Compulsive Sexual Behaeve). Boithuto bo tlaleha boits'oaro bo fetelletseng mosebetsing oa Go-NoGo lithutong tsa CSB ha o bapisoa le ho nka karolo ho bankakarolo. Litekanyetso tsa bong li senotse hore batho ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate ba ne ba sa hlophisa taba e tšoeu ea "prefrontal" ea "cortex" ha e bapisoa le taolo. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Lintlha tse hlahisitsoeng pampiring ena li tsamaisana le mohopolo oa hore CSB e tšoana haholo le mathata a ho laola maikutlo, joalo ka kleptomania, papali ea chelete e qobelloang le mathata a ho ja. Haholo-holo, re fumane hore batho ba fihlellang litekanyetso tsa ho hlahloba boits'oaro bo qobelloang ba thobalano ba ipapisitse le mehato ea ho itlhahisa, ho kenyelletsa le mehato ea ho se ts'oanehe le sebopeho sa botho, Thibelo …… .. Ho tlatselletsa le mehato e boletsoeng kaholimo, bakuli ba CSB hape e bontšitse ho se ts'oenyehe ho hoholo mosebetsing oa boits'oaro, ts'ebetso ea Go-No Go.

Liphello li boetse li bonts'a hore bakuli ba CSB ba bontšitse ka holimo haholo boemo bo phahameng ba sebaka se ka pele se bolela ho fapana hoa (MD) ho feta taolo. Tlhahlobo e kopanetsoeng e bontšitse likamano tse bohlokoa pakeng tsa mekhoa ea ho se nke boikutlo le mekhoa e tlase ea tšireletso ea li-anisotrophy (FA) le MD, empa ha ho mekhatlo e nang le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa naha. Liphuputso tse joalo li bontšitse botsoalle bo bobe bo teng pakeng tsa MD le litekanyetso tse kholo tsa boitšoaro ba ho kopanela liphate.

Kahoo, litlhahlobo tsena tsa pele-pele lia ts'episa ebile li fana ka sesupo sa hore mohlomong ho na le mabaka a neuroanatomical le / kapa a neurologicalsiological a amanang le boits'oaro bo matla ba thobalano. Lintlha tsena li boetse li bonts'a hore CSB e kanna ea bonts'oa ka ho qobelloa, empa e boetse e kenyelletsa likarolo tse ling, tse ka amanang le ho phahama ha maikutlo le matšoenyeho a OCD.

2) Ho se tšoane ho tlalehiloeng ka boithati ka mekhoa ea boits'oaro ba tsamaiso le boitšoaro ba ho kopanela liphate ho batho ba nang le mehlala ea mokuli le sechabeng (Reid et al., 2010) - [mosebetsi o bobebe oa bolaoli] - Ntho e hlalosang:

Bakuli ba batlang thuso bakeng sa boits'oaro ba bosodoma hangata ba bonts'a likarolo tsa ho se ts'oenyehe, ho ba le kutloisiso e thata, kahlolo e fosahetseng, khaello ea taolo ea maikutlo, le ho ameha haholo ka thobalano. Tse ling tsa litšoaneleho tsena li boetse li atile har'a bakuli ba hlahisang mafu a methapo a amanang le ho se sebetse ha phethahatso. Litemoso tsena li lebisitse lipatlisisong tsa hajoale tsa phapang lipakeng tsa sehlopha sa bakuli ba hypersexual (n = 87) le sampole ea sechaba se seng sa hypersexual (n = 92) ea banna ba sebelisang Behaeve Rating Inventory ea Executive Function-Adult Version Boitšoaro ba Hypersexual bo ne bo amana hantle ka li-indices tsa lefats'e tsa ho se sebetse hantle le li-subscales tse 'maloa tsa BRIEF-A. Liphuputso tsena li fana ka bopaki ba pele bo tšehetsang khopolo-taba ea hore ho se sebetse hoa phethahatso ho ka ameha boitšoarong ba bosodoma.

3) Ho sheba Litšoantšo tsa Litšoantšo Tsa Porn Porn Inthaneteng: Karolo ea Litlhahlobo Tsa ho Kopanela Liphate Tsa ho Kopanela Liphate le Matšoao a Maiketsetso-Matšoao a Maiketsetso Bakeng sa ho Sebelisa Litšebelisano Tsa ho Kopanela Liphate Tsa Inthanete ka ho Fetisisa (Brand et al., 2011) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'ebeliso e matla le bolaoli bo futsanehileng] - Ntho e hlalosang:

Liphello li bontša hore mathata a boits'oaro ba bophelo ba letsatsi le leng le le leng a amanang le liketso tsa ho kopanela liphate ka marang-rang a ne a boleloa ka likamano tsa ho kopanela liphate tse tsosang takatso ea boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate, ha nako eo e sebelisitsoeng ho libaka tsa ho kopanela liphate Inthaneteng (metsotso ka letsatsi) ha ea ka ea kenya letsoho ho hlalosang phapang pakeng tsa likarolo tsa IATsex. Re bona ho tšoana ho teng pakeng tsa mekhoa ea kutloisiso ea bokooa le ea boko e ka tlatsetsang ho boloka li-cybersex tse feteletseng le tse hlalosoang ho batho ba nang le ts'oaetso ea lithethefatsi.

4) Litšoantšo tse litšila tse ts'oanang le litšoantšo tse sebetsanang le ho sebetsa ka mokhoa oa ho sebetsa (Laier et al., 2013) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'ebeliso e matla le bolaoli bo futsanehileng] - Ntho e hlalosang:

Batho ba bang ba tlaleha mathata nakong ea kamano ea thobalano le kamora 'marang-rang, joalo ka ho se robale le ho lebala likhetho, tse amanang le liphello tse mpe tsa bophelo. Mokhoa o mong o ka lebisang mefuteng ena ea mathata ke hore ho tsosoa ha thobalano nakong ea thobalano ea Inthanete ho ka kena-kenana le matla a ho boloka mohopolo (WM), e leng se fellang ka ho hlokomoloha tlhahisoleseding e nepahetseng ea tikoloho mme kahoo ho etsa liqeto tse mpe. Lipatlisiso li senola bobebe ba WM boemong ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba mosebetsi oa 4-khutla ha o bapisoa le maemo a mararo a setšoantšo. Liphuputso li tšohloa mabapi le lithethefatsi tsa Inthanete hobane ho kena-kenana ha WM le litsebi tse amanang le lithethefatsi li tsejoa haholo ho tsoa mekhatlong ea lithethefatsi.

5) Likamano tsa ho kopanya liphate tsa ho kopanela liphate ka ho etsa liqeto ka tlase-ntle (Laier et al., 2013) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'ebeliso e matla le bolaoli bo futsanehileng] - Ntho e hlalosang:

Mosebetsi oa ho etsa liqeto o ne o le bobebe ha litšoantšo tsa thobalano li ne li amahanngoa le likarolo tse kotsi tsa karete ha li bapisoa le ts'ebetso ea ha litšoantšo tsa thobalano li ne li amana le mekotla ea bohlokoa. Ho tsosoa ka thobalano ka thobalano ho lekanya kamano pakeng tsa maemo a mosebetsi le ho etsa liqeto. Phuputso ena e hatelitse hore ho tsosoa ha thobalano ho sitisa ho etsa liqeto, e leng se ka hlalosang hore na ke hobane'ng ha batho ba bang ba e-ba le liphello tse mpe ho latela taba ea ho sebelisa li-cybersex.

6) Lefu la Cybersex: Ho tsosoa takatso ea ho kopanela liphate ha motho a shebeletse litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro, eseng ho kopanela liphate le batho ba bang ho etsa phapang (Laier et al., 2013) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'ebeliso e matla le bolaoli bo futsanehileng] - Ntho e hlalosang:

Liphello li bontša hore lits'oants'o tsa ho kopanela liphate li tsosoa le ho lakatsa ho sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa Inthaneteng mekhoa e boletsoeng esale pele ea ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa thobalano nakong ea thuto ea pele. Ho feta moo, ho ile ha bontšoa hore basebelisi ba nang le bothata ba ho kopanela liphate ka Inthaneteng ba tlaleha ho tsosa takatso e matla ea ho kopanela liphate le ho labalabela ho itšoara ka lebaka la litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Liphuputsong tsena ka bobeli, palo le boleng bo nang le boits'oaro ba ho kopanela liphate bophelong ba sebele bo ne bo sa kopane le ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa thobalano. Liphello li tšehetsa khopolo ea ho khotsofatsa, e leng ho qalang ho matlafatsa, ho ithuta mekhoa, le ho lakatsa ho ba le mekhoa e nepahetseng ho nts'etsopele le ho lokisoa ha lithethefatsi tsa litaba tsa thobalano. Batho ba futsanehileng kapa ba sa khotsofatsang mabitso a bophelo ba ho kopanela liphate ba ke ke ba hlalosetsa ka mokhoa o lekaneng hore na lithethefatsi tsa Inthanete li lemalla hakae

7) Takatso ea ho kopanela liphate, eseng bosodoma, e amana le likarabo tsa li-neurophysiological tse hlalositsoeng ke litšoantšo tsa thobalano (Steele et al., 2013) - [ho tseba ho hongata ho hoholo-ts'ebetsong ho amanang le takatso e fokolang ea ho kopanela liphate: ts'ehetso le tloaelo] - Thuto ena ea EEG e fihlile mecheng ea litaba e le bopaki khahlanong le boteng ba ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate le ho kopanela liphate Ha ho joalo. Steele et al. 2013 ha e le hantle e fana ka ts'ehetso ea ho ba teng ha lithethefatsi tse hlephisang boitšoaro le litšoantšo tse hlephisang boitšoaro li sebelisa ho laola takatso ea thobalano. Joang joale? Phuputso e ile ea tlaleha litlaleho tse phahameng tsa EEG (ho amana le litšoantšo tse sa nke lehlakore) ha lihlooho li ne li pepesitsoe lifoto tsa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Liphuputso li bontša khafetsa hore P300 e phahameng e etsahala ha batho ba lemaletseng lithethefatsi ba pepesehela litšoantšo (tse kang litšoantšo) tse amanang le tahi ea bona.

Tumellanong le Boko ba Univesithi ea Cambridge bo hlahloba lithuto, thuto ena ea EEG e boetse e e tlalehile hore ho na le boitsebiso bo bongata ba ho shebella litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso Nyane takatso ea thobalano e kopaneng. Ho beha ka tsela e 'ngoe - batho ba nang le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba ka rata ho ipholla litho tsa botona kapa botšehali ho fapana le ho robala le motho oa nnete. Ka mokhoa o nyarosang, 'muelli oa thuto Nicole Prause a bolela hore ba sebelisang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba mpa ba e-na le "libido e phahameng," leha ho le joalo liphello tsa thuto li re e fapaneng ka ho toba (takatso ea lihlooho tsa thobalano e kopanetsoeng e ne e theoha ho amanang le tšebeliso ea bona ea litšoantšo).

Ka bobeli, tsena tse peli Steele et al. liphuputso li bonts'a tšebetso e kholo ea boko ho etsa litšoantšo (litšoantšo tsa bootsoa), leha ho le joalo e se e sa sebetse haholo ho meputso ea tlhaho (thobalano le motho). Ho hlohlelletsa le ho hlonamisa batho, e leng matšoao a ho lemala. Litokomane tse robeli tse hlahlojoang ke lithaka li hlalosa 'nete: Litlhaloso tse hlahlojoang ke lithaka tsa Steele et al., 2013. Hape sheba sena YBOP e batsi haholo.

Ntle le litlaleho tse ngata tse sa tšehetsoang mochine oa khatiso, hoa khathatsa hore thuto ea Practitioner ea 2013 EGG e fetisitse tlhahlobo ea lithaka, kaha e ne e e-na le mathata a tebileng a litsela: 1) lihlooho li ne li le teng ho sa tšoanehe (banna, basali, bao e seng litho tsa botona kapa botšehali);; 2) lihlooho li ne li le teng ha e hlahlojoe ke mathata a kelello kapa lithethefatsi;; Thuto ea 3) e ne e le ha ho sehlopha sa taolo sa ho bapisa;; 4) lipotso tsa lipotso li ne li le teng e sa tiisetsoe bakeng sa tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa kapa ho lemalla bokhoba. Steele at al. e na le phoso e kholo hoo ke tse 4 feela ho tse 24 tse boletsoeng kaholimo tse tekolo le lingoliloeng khathatseha ho e bolela: ba babeli ba e nyatsa e le saense e sa amoheleheng sa saense, ha ba babeli ba bolela hore ho na le takatso ea ho kopanela liphate le molekane (lipontšo tsa tahi).

8) Matla a Bokooa le ho Sebelisana ka Mosebetsi Ho Kopantsoe le Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Tšebeliso: Bokooa bo Hlahang (Kuhn le Gallinat, 2014) - [ts'oaetso, tloaelo, le lipotoloho tse se nang thuso]. Lenaneo lena la Max Planck Institute la fMRI le tlaleha hore litho tsa 3 tsa methapo ea kutlo li tsamaisana le maemo a phahameng a ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse hlephisang boitšoaro: (1) tlaase ho moputso o mongata (dorsal striatum), (2) e seng moputso oa potoloho ea potoloho ha ho sheba lifoto tsa thobalano, (3). pakeng tsa dorsal striatum le dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Bafuputsi ba hlalosa liphetoho tsa 3 e le pontšo ea liphello tsa nako e telele ea ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Phuputso eo e itse,

Sena se lumellana le khopolo-taba ea hore ho pepeseha ho hoholo litabeng tsa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ho fella ka ho theola-taolo ea moelelo oa tlhaho oa mahlahahlaha oa tlhaho ho sepheo sa thobalano.

Ha a hlalosa ho sebelisana ho futsanehileng pakeng tsa PFC le statum thuto eo e itse,

Ho se sebetse ha potoloho ena ho amana le khetho e sa nepahalang ea boitšoaro, e kang ho batla lithethefatsi, ho sa tsotellehe hore na ho ka ba le liphello tse mpe hakae

Mongoli oa Moeta-pele Simone Kühn o ile a bua ka puo ea phatlalatso ea Max Planck:

Re nka hore litaba tse nang le litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li hloka ho tsosolosoa ho eketsehileng ho amohela moputso o lekanang. Seo se ka bolela hore ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro kamehla e senya tsamaiso ea hau ea moputso. Seo se ne se tla lumellana hantle le khopolo ea hore mekhatlo ea bona ea moputso e hloka ho tsosolosoa.

9) Li-Neural Correlates tsa Liketso Tsa ho Kopanela Liphate Tsa Batho ba Kopanetsoeng ka ho Kopanela Liphate ho Batho ba nang le mekhoa ea ho kopanela liphate le ba se nang boikaketsi (Voon et al., 2014) - [sensitization / cue-reactivity le deensitization] Ea pele letotong la liphuputso tsa Univesithing ea Cambridge o fumane mokhoa o tšoanang oa boits'oaro ba bokooa bo hlephileng ba batho ba ts'oanang le bootsoa (lihlooho tsa CSB) joalokaha ho bonoa ke batho ba lemaletseng lithethefatsi le lino tse tahang - e leng ho ts'oaroa haholoanyane kapa ho matlafatsoa. Mofuputsi oa Moeta-pele Valerie Voon O itse:

Ho na le phapang e hlakileng ea liketso tsa boko pakeng tsa bakuli ba nang le boitšoaro ba ho kopanela liphate le baithaopi ba phetseng hantle. Phapang ena e tšoana le ea ba lemaletseng lithethefatsi.

Voon et al., 2014 le eona e fumane hore batho ba lemaletseng lit soant so tsa bootsoa ba tšoaneloa mohlala o amohelehang oa lithethefatsi ea ho batla "eona" ho feta, empa e sa rate "eona" hape. Tlhaloso:

Ha li bapisoa le baithaopi ba phetseng hantle, lihlooho tsa CSB li ne li e-na le takatso e matla ea ho kopanela liphate kapa e batlang ho hlahisa lipolelo tse hlakileng le ho ba le likarolo tse kholo ka ho fetisisa ho likarolo tse tsosang takatso, e leng se bontšang ho khetholla pakeng tsa ho batla le ho rata

Bafuputsi ba boetse ba tlaleha hore litaba tsa 60% (batho ba lilemo li lekanang: 25) li na le bothata ba ho finyella litšebeletso / ho tsosoa le balekane ba sebele, leha ho le joalo li ka finyella litlhaloso tse amanang le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Sena se bontša ho hlohlelletsa kapa ho tloaela. Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Lihlooho tsa CSB li tlalehile hore ka lebaka la tšebeliso e feteletseng ea thepa ea ho kopanela liphate ... .. e nang le phihlelo e fokotsehileng ea libido kapa mosebetsi oa erectile haholo-holo kamanong ea bona le basali (le hoja e se kamano le lintho tse hlalosang thobalano) ...

Lihlooho tsa CSB ha li bapisoa le baithaopi ba phetseng hantle li bile le bothata bo tebileng ka ho tsosoa ha thobalano le ho ba le mathata a mangata a erectile likamano tsa botona le botšehali tse atamelaneng empa eseng lihlahisoa tse hlalosang thobalano.

10) Ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea ho ela hloko likamano tsa ho kopanela liphate ho Batho ba nang le mekhoa ea ho kopanela liphate le ba se nang boikaketsi (Mechelmans et al., 2014) - [sensitization / cue-reactivity] - Thuto ea bobeli ea Univesithi ea Cambridge. Tlhaloso:

Lintho tsa rona tse fumanoang ka ho hlaka ho hohelang ... ho fana ka maikutlo a ho khoneha ho tlōla mekhoa e tsitsitseng ea tlhokomelo e fumanoang liphuputsong tsa lithethefatsi litabeng tsa lithethefatsi. Liphuputso tsena li lumellana le liphuputso tsa morao-rao tsa mekhoa e metle ea liketso tsa ho kopanela liphate ho batho ba [ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate] inthaneteng e tšoanang le e amehang lithutong tsa lithethefatsi-reactivity le ho fana ka ts'ehetso bakeng sa khothatso ea khopolo ea ho lemala e thehiloeng karabong ea thobalano [ litlolo tsa bootsoa]. Tlhaloso ena e bua ka litlaleho tsa rona tsa morao-rao hore livideo tse hlalosang thobalano li amana le mosebetsi o moholoanyane marangrang a neural e tšoanang le a fumanoang lithutong tsa lithethefatsi-cec-reactivity. Takatso e kholo kapa ho batla ho e-na le ho e rata e ne e kopanyelitsoe ho feta le ts'ebetsong ea marang-rang ana a neural. Lithuto tsena hammoho li fana ka ts'ehetso bakeng sa khothatso ea khothatso ea ho lemalla ho lemalla likamano tsa thobalano ho CSB.

11) Bokhoba ba Cybersex ba sebelisang basali ba bong bo fapaneng ba ho sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li ka hlalosoa ka ho khotsofatsa maikutlo (Laier et al., 2014) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'oaetso] - Ntho e hlahang:

Re hlahlobile basali ba 51 ba IPU le basali ba 51 bao e seng basebeletsi ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa inthanete (NIPU). Re sebelisa lipotso, re ile ra lekola ho teba ha bokhoba ba cybersex ka kakaretso, le hore na re ka rata thobalano hakae, ho ba le mathata a tebileng a thobalano le ho teba ha matšoao a kelello. Ntle le moo, ho entsoe paradigm ea liteko, ho kenyeletsoa le litekanyetso tse tsosang tsa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tse 100, hammoho le matšoao a ho lakatsa. Liphetho li bonts'itse hore litšoantšo tsa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa IPU li tsosa takatso mme li tlaleha takatso e kholo ka lebaka la tlhahiso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ha e bapisoa le NIPU. Ho feta moo, litakatso, litakatso tsa botona le botšehali tsa litšoantšo, maikutlo a ho ts'oara takatso ea thobalano, mathata a thobalano a nang le mathata, le ho teba ha matšoao a kelello a boletseng tšekamelo ea ho lemalla ts'ebeliso ea cybersex ho IPU.

Ho ba kamanong, palo ea likhokahano tsa thobalano, khotsofalo ka likhokahano tsa thobalano, le ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea cybersex li ne li sa amane le tšebeliso ea tahi ea cybersex. Liphetho tsena li tsamaellana le tse tlalehiloeng bakeng sa banna ba bong bo fapaneng lithutong tse fetileng. Liphumano tse mabapi le mofuta o matlafatsang oa ho tsosa takatso ea botona kapa botšehali, mekhoa ea ho ithuta, le karolo ea boithuto ba cue le ho lakatsa nts'etsopele ea bokhoba ba cybersex ho IPU li hloka ho buisanoa.

12) Boikarabello ba Bopaki le Tlhahlobo ea Theory ka Lintlha Tse Etsang Hore ho be le Tšebeliso ea ho Kopanela Liphate ka Tšebelisano le Boikutlo ba ho Kopanela Liphate ka Tšebelisano le Maikutlo a Maikutlo a Maikutlo (Laier et al., 2014) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'oaetso] - Ntho e hlahang:

Mofuta oa ntho e tloaelehileng eo hangata e bitsoang ho lemalla ho lemalla li-cybersex (CA) le mekhoa ea eona ea tsoelo-pele e tšohloa. Mosebetsi o fetileng o fana ka maikutlo a hore batho ba bang ba ka ba kotsing ea CA, athe ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho matlafatsa le ho tseba-ts'ebetso e nkoa e le mekhoa ea motheo ea nts'etsopele ea CA. Phuputsong ena, banna ba 155 ba bong bo fapaneng ba ile ba lekanya litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba 100 'me ba bontša tsoelo-pele ea bona ea ho kopanela liphate. Ho feta moo, litloaelo tsa CA, ho utloahala ho tsitsitseng thobalano, le tšebeliso e sa sebetsang ea thobalano ka kakaretso li ile tsa hlahlojoa. Liphello tsa lipatlisiso li bontša hore ho na le lisosa tsa ts'oaetso ea CA le ho fana ka bopaki ba karolo ea ho khotsofatsa thobalano le ho sebetsana ka tsela e sa sebetseng ho nts'etsopele ea CA.

13) Mokhoa o sa tloaelehang, ho sebetsana le maemo le ho ela hloko meputso ea thobalano (Banca et al., 2015) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'ehetso e tloaelehileng / tloaelo / ts'oaetso] - Tlhahlobo e 'ngoe ea Cambridge University fMRI. Ho bapisoa le taolo ea bohloeki ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ​​ba khetha mokhoa o motle oa ho kopanela liphate le litšoantšo tse amanang le bootsoa. Leha ho le joalo, boko ba litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso ea ho kopanela liphate bo lemalla ho tloaela ho etsa litšoantšo tsa thobalano. Kaha ho rata lintho tse sa tloaelehang ha hoa ka ha e-ba teng pele, ho lumeloa hore lithethefatsi tsa bootsoa li khanna motho ea batlang mokhoa o mocha ka boiteko ba ho hlōla tloaelo le ho fokotsa ts'oaetso.

Boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate (CSB) bo ne bo amahanngoa le khethollo e tsitsitseng ea thobalano, ha e bapisoa le ho laola litšoantšo, le ho rata maemo a tloaelehileng bakeng sa litlhahiso tse amanang le likamano tsa botona le botšehali le lichelete ha li bapisoa le baithaopi ba phetseng hantle. Batho ba CSB ba ne ba boetse ba e-na le litlhoko tse ngata tsa ho kopanela litabeng tsa ho kopanela liphate le tsa chelete ka tekanyo ea tloaelo e amanang le likamano tse ntlafetseng tsa thobalano. Ho atamela mekhoa ea boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate ho ferekanngoa le litakatso tsa ho kopanela liphate ho ne ho amahanngoa le litšoantšo tsa thobalano. Phuputso ena e bonts'a hore batho ba CSB ba na le khetho e sa sebetsaneng ea ts'ebetso ea ho kopanela liphate e ka 'nang ea kopanngoa le kholo e kholo ea tloaelo ea ho kopanela liphate hammoho le ho ntlafatsoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa boemo ba ho fumana meputso. Tlhaloso:

Tlhaloso ho tsoa tokomaneng e amanang le eona:

Ba fumane hore ha ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate ba ne ba sheba setšoantšo se tšoanang sa thobalano hangata, ha ba bapisoa le baithaopi ba phetseng hantle ba kileng ba fokotseha haholoanyane sebakeng sa boko bo tsejoang e le ho qeta mekhoa e metle ea lik'hemik'hale, tse tsejoang hore li ameha ka ho lebella meputso le ho arabela liketsahalo tse ncha. Sena se lumellana le 'habituation', moo meriana e fumanoang e le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang le e nyane - ka mohlala, senoa sa kofi a ka fumana k'hafeine 'buzz' senoelong sa bona sa pele, empa ha nako e ntse e feta ba noa haholo kofi, e nyenyane buzz e fetoha.

Ts'ebetso ena e tloaelehileng e etsahala ho banna ba phetseng hantle ba bontšoang khafetsa video e le 'ngoe ea bootsoa. Empa ha ba sheba video e ncha, boemo ba thahasello le ho tsosoa bo khutlela moemong oa pele. Sena se bolela hore, ho thibela tloaelo, motho ea lemaletseng thobalano o tla hloka ho fumana litšoantšo tse ncha khafetsa. Ka mantsoe a mang, tloaelo e ka etsa hore ho batloe litšoantšo tse ncha.

"Lintho tseo re li fumaneng li bohlokoa haholo tabeng ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa inthaneteng," a phaella ka Dr Voon. "Ha ho hlakile hore na ke eng e etsang hore motho a be le bothata ba ho kopanela liphate pele ho batho ba bang, mme ho ka etsahala hore batho ba bang ba be le lithethefatsi tse ngata ho feta tse ling, ho thata haholo ho baleha. "

14) Mekhoa ea Neural ea Takatso ea Thobalano ho Batho ba nang le Bothata ba ho Kopanela Liphate (Hypersexual Behavior)Seok & Sohn, 2015) - [ts'ebetso e kholo ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso / ts'ebetso ea maqhubu le li-circuits tse sa sebetseng]. - Phuputso ena ea Korea ea fMRI e hlalosang lithuto tse ling tsa bokooa ho ba sebelisang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Joalo ea Univesithi ea Cambridge e fumanoe e fumane mekhoa ea bokooa ba bokooa ba ho kopanela liphate, e neng e tšoantšetsa mekhoa ea batho ba lemaletseng lithethefatsi. Tumellanong le lipatlisiso tse 'maloa tsa Sejeremane li fumane liphetoho karolong ea prefrontal cortex e lumellanang le liphetoho tse boletsoeng lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi. Ntho e ncha ke hore lintho tse fumanoeng li fapane le mekhoa ea ts'ebetso ea prefrontal cortex e hlokometsoeng lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi: Ho tsebahala ho hoholo-ho etsa litšoantšo ho kopanela liphate ho ntse ho thibela likarabo tse ling tse sa tloaelehang. Tlhaloso:

Thuto ea rona e ne e ikemiselitse ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa li-neural correlates tsa takatso ea ho kopanela liphate le litšoantšo tse amanang le liketsahalo tse amanang le khanya ea matla a motlakase (fMRI). Batho ba mashome a mabeli a metso e meraro ba nang le lisebelisoa tse phelisang tsa bophelo ba PHB le 22 ba ile ba hlahlojoa ha ba ntse ba sheba maikutlo a ho kopanela liphate le ba bong bo fokolang. Litlhoko tsa litakatso tsa thobalano li ile tsa hlahlojoa ha li arabela tšusumetsong e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea thobalano. Mabapi le taolo, batho ba nang le PHB ba ne ba e-na le takatso ea ho kopanela liphate khafetsa le ho ntlafatsoa nakong ea ho pepeseha tšusumetso ea thobalano. Ts'ebetso e kholo e ne e bonoa ka nucleus e ka tlaase, e nang le litebelisoa tse fokolang tsa parietal, tse kentsoeng ka pele ho tse ling tsa cingulate gyrus, thalamus le dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ho sehlopha sa PHB ho feta sehlopha sa taolo. Ho phaella moo, mekhoa ea tlhaho ea tlhaho ea libaka libakeng tse ts'oetsitsoeng e fapane pakeng tsa lihlopha. Tumellanong le liphuputso tsa lithuto tsa ho nahana ka bokooa tsa lithethefatsi le boitšoaro bo hlephileng, batho ba nang le litšoaneleho tsa boitšoaro ba PHB le takatso e matlafalitsoeng e bonts'itsoe ho etsoa lichabeng tsa prefrontal cortex le subcortical

15) Ho feto-fetoha ha maikutlo a nako e khutšoanyane ea bokhoni bo botle ka litšoantšo tsa thobalano ka bothata ba basebetsi le litsamaiso tse sa lumellaneng le "lithethefatsi tsa bootsoa" (Prause et al., 2015) - [tloaelo] - Ketsahalo ea bobeli ea EEG ho tloha Sehlopha sa Nicole Prause. Phuputso ena e bapisitse litaba tsa 2013 ho tloha Steele et al., 2013 ho sehlopha sa sebele sa taolo (leha ho le joalo se ile sa e-ba le mekhoa e tšoanang ea litsela tse boletsoeng ka holimo). Liphello: Ha li bapisoa le litsamaiso "batho ba nang le mathata a laolang ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bona tsa bootsoa" ba ne ba e-na le likarabo tse fokolang tsa bokooa ka nako e le 'ngoe ho lifoto tsa vanilla tsa bootsoa. The mongoli oa pele e bolela liphetho tsena "debunk bootsoa bo hlephileng." Eng rasaense ea tummeng ba ne ba tla bolela hore thuto ea bona e se nang boits'oaro e kentse a tšimo e tsitsitseng ea thuto?

Ha e le hantle, liphuputso tsa Prause et al. 2015 lumellana ka ho phethahetseng le Kühn & GallinaT (2014), e leng ho fumanoang hore litšoantšo tse ling tsa litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso li tsamaisana hantle le ho sebelisoa ha boko bo fokolang ho latela litšoantšo tsa litšoantšo tsa vanilla Prause et al. Liphuputso li boetse li lumellana le Banca et al. 2015 e leng #13 lenaneng lena. Ho feta moo, thuto e 'ngoe ea EEG e fumane hore tšebeliso e mpe ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ho basali e tsamaellanang le ts'ebeliso e nyane ea boko ho litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Lipalo tse tlase tsa EEG li bolela hore lihlooho ha li ele hloko litšoantšo. Ka mantsoe a bonolo, basebelisi ba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro khafetsa ba ne ba sa rate litšoantšo tse litšila tsa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa vanilla. Ba ne ba jeoa ke bolutu (ba tloaetse kapa ba sa rate). Bona sena YBOP e batsi haholo. Lipampiri tse leshome tse hlahlobetsoeng ke lithaka lia lumela hore thuto ena e hlile e fumane boikemisetso / bolulo ho batho ba sebelisang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa khafetsa (bo lumellanang le temallo): Litlhaloso tse hlahlojoang ke lithaka tsa Prause et al., 2015

Prause e phatlalatsa hore litemana tsa EEG li hlahlojoa "cue-reactivity" (ho hlohlelletsa), ho e-na le tloaelo. Esita le haeba Prause e ne e nepahetse, o hlokomoloha lesoba la ho bua "leshano": Esita le haeba Prause et al. 2015 ba ne ba fumane mokhoa o fokolang oa ho sebelisana le ba bang ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa khafetsa, lithuto tse ling tsa bokooa ba 24 li tlalehile boikutlo ba maikutlo kapa litakatso (ts'ebetsong) ho batlatsi ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. Mahlale ha a tsamaisane le thuto e le 'ngoe e makatsang sitisoa ke mefokolo e tebileng ea mokhoa; mahlale a tsamaea le bopaki ba pele (ntle le uena li tsamaisoa).

16) HPA Axis Dysregulation ho Banna ba Nang le Mathata a Hypersexual (Chatzittofis, 2015) - [ho se sebetsane le khatello ea kelello e sa sebetseng] - Phuputso e nang le ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate le banna ba 67 le litaelo tsa 39 tsa lilemo. Motsoako oa Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) ke setha se seholo karolong ea rona ea khatello ea maikutlo. Litšitiso fetola lipotoloho tsa khatello ea boko e leng se lebisang ho axisisi e sa sebetseng ea HPA. Phuputso ena mabapi le ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate (ho kopanela liphate) e fumanoe e fetotsoe likarabo tsa khatello tse bontšang liphuputso tse nang le lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi. Litlhaloso tse qalang tsa khatiso ea khatiso:

Thuto e ne e amana le banna ba 67 ba nang le lefu la hypersexual le 39 tse laolehileng hantle. Barupeluoa ba ne ba fumanoa ka hloko hore ba na le bothata ba ho tšoaetsanoa ke lefu la ho tšoaetsoa ke lefu le ho tšoaroa ke ho tepella maikutlong kapa ho tsieleha ha bana. Bafuputsi ba ile ba ba fa tekanyo e tlase ea dexamethasone mantsiboeeng a pele ho teko ho thibela phekolo ea bona ea khatello ea maikutlo, 'me hoseng ba lekanya likarolo tsa bona tsa li-hormone tsa khatello ea kelello cortisol le ACTH. Ba fumane hore bakuli ba nang le bothata ba hypersexual ba ne ba e-na le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa lihomone tse joalo ho feta ho laola bophelo bo botle, phapang e setseng esita le ka mor'a ho laola ho tepella maikutlong le ho tsieleha ha bana.

Moprofesa Jokinen o re: "Mookameli oa khatello ea kelello o 'nile oa bonoa pele ho bakuli ba tepeletseng maikutlo le ba ipolaeang hammoho le batho ba sebelisang hampe hampe." "Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho tsepamisitse maikutlo ho 'nile ha e-ba hore na ho sithabela ha bana ho ka lebisa tlhokomelong ea mekhoa ea khatello ea' mele ka mokhoa oo ho thoeng ke mekhoa ea epigenetic, ka mantsoe a mang kamoo libaka tsa bona tsa kelello li ka susumetsang liphatsa tsa lefutso tse laolang tsamaiso ena." Ho ea ka bafuputsi, liphello li bontša hore tsamaiso e tšoanang ea neurobiological e amehang ka mofuta o mong oa tlhekefetso e ka sebetsa ho batho ba nang le bothata ba ho hlekefetsoa.

17) Tlhokomelo ea Prefrontal le ho lemalla li-intanete: mokhoa oa thuto ea ho ruta le ho hlahloba liphuputso tsa maikutlo a methapo ea pelo (Brand et al., 2015) - [lipotoloho tse sa sebetsaneng tsa boipheliso / bohloki bo bobebe le ts'ebetso] - Ntho e hlakileng:

Tumellanong le sena, liphetho tsa ts'ebetso e sebetsang ea neuroimaging le lithuto tse ling tsa methapo ea kutlo li bontša hore ho ts'oaroa, ho lakatsa le ho etsa liqeto ke mehopolo ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho utloisisa ho lemalla ha marang-rang. Liphuputso mabapi le phokotso ea taolo ea phethahatso li tsamaellana le litloaelo tse ling tsa boits'oaro, joalo ka papali ea chelete. Ba boetse ba totobatsa tlhophiso ea ketsahalo ena e le bokhoba ba tahi, hobane ho boetse ho na le ho tšoana ho hongata ka liphumano tse itšetlehileng ka lithethefatsi. Ho feta moo, liphetho tsa boithuto ba hajoale li tšoana le liphuputso tse tsoang lipatlisisong tsa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi 'me li totobatsa lipapiso lipakeng tsa bokhoba ba ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi kapa litloaelo tse ling tsa boitšoaro.

18) Mekhatlo e tobileng ea ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate le batho ba ts'oaetsanang le litaba tsa ho kopanela liphate le li-sex-tholloSnagkowski et al., 2015) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'oaetso] - Ntho e hlakileng:

Liphuputso tsa morao-rao li bonts'a ho tšoana lipakeng tsa bokhoba ba ts'ebeliso ea inthanete le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi 'me li pheha khang ea ho khetholla bokhoba ba ts'ebeliso ea inthanete e le bokhoba ba boitšoaro. Ka ho itšetleha ka lithethefatsi, mekhatlo e ikemetseng e tsejoa hore e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa, 'me mekhatlo e joalo e ikemetseng ha e so ka e ithutoa ka bokhoba ba cybersex ho fihlela joale. Thutong ena ea liteko, banna le barupeluoa ba 128 ba batona le ba batšehali ba phethileng Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) e fetotsoeng ka litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Ho feta moo, boits'oaro bo bothateng ba thobalano, maikutlo a ho khahlisa thobalano, litabatabelo tsa ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ka thobalano, le takatso e ikemetseng ka lebaka la ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li ile tsa hlahlojoa.

Liphetho li bonts'a likamano tse ntle lipakeng tsa litloaelano tse mpe tsa litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso tse nang le maikutlo a nepahetseng le tšekamelo ea ho lemalla ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea thobalano, boits'oaro bo bobe ba thobalano, tlhalohanyo ea takatso ea thobalano le litakatso tse ts'oanang. Ho feta moo, tlhahlobo e lekanyelitsoeng ea khatello ea kelello e bontšitse hore batho ba tlalehileng litakatso tse phahameng tsa boithati le ba bonts'ang likamano tse ntle tsa litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso ka maikutlo a matle, haholoholo tšebelisong ea lithethefatsi tsa cybersex. Liphumano li bonts'a karolo e ka bapalang karolo ea likamano tse ntle le litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso ho nts'etsopele le ho boloka bokhoba ba ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang. Ntle le moo, liphetho tsa boithuto ba hona joale li ka bapisoa le liphetho tsa lipatlisiso tsa ho itšetleha ka lintho le ho hatisa li-analogies lipakeng tsa ho lemalla tahi le cybersex kapa lithahasello tsa boitšoaro bo bong.

19) Matšoao a ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate Inthaneteng a ka kopanngoa le bobeli ba atamela le ho qoba tšusumetso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso: liphello ho latela mohlala oa analog oa basebelisi ba kamehla ba inthanete ea Internet (Snagkowski, et al., 2015) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'oaetso] - Ntho e hlakileng:

Mekhoa e meng e bua ka ho ts'oana le mekhoa e metle eo mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa kapa ea ho qoba ho eona e leng mekhoa ea bohlokoa. Bafuputsi ba 'maloa ba' nile ba pheha khang ea hore nakong ea qeto e amanang le lithethefatsi, batho ba ka 'na ba bontša mekhoa ea ho atamela kapa ho qoba tšusumetso e amanang le lithethefatsi. Phuputsong ea morao-rao 123 banna ba bong bo fapaneng ba ile ba qeta mokhoa oa ho qoba-mosebetsi (AAT; Rinck le Becker, 2007) e fetotsoe ka litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Nakong ea baithaopi ba AAT ba ne ba tlameha ho sutumelletsa maikutlo a bootsoa kapa ba e hulele ho bona ka thabo. Ho lemoha litakatso tsa thobalano, boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate le mekhoa ea ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa thobalano ho ile ha hlahlojoa ka lipotso.

Liphello li bontšitse hore batho ba nang le litšekamelo tsa ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate le ba bang Inthaneteng ba ne ba tloaetse ho atamela kapa ho qoba tšusumetso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa Ho phaella moo, lipatlisiso tsa boipiletso bo itekanetseng li senoletse hore batho ba nang le litakatso tse phahameng tsa ho kopanela liphate le boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate ba bontšitseng mekhoa e metle ea ho itšireletsa / ho qoba, ba tlaleha matšoao a phahameng a ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka Inthanete Lintho tse amanang le ho itšetlehile ka lithethefatsi, liphello li bontša hore mekhoa ea bobeli le mekhoa ea ho qoba e ka 'na ea phetha karolo ea ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate le batho ba bang le ba bang. Ho feta moo, ho sebelisana le kutloisiso tabeng ea ho tsosoa ha thobalano le boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate ho ka ba le phello e matla holim'a boima ba litletlebo tse ikhethang bophelong ba letsatsi le leng le le leng ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea inthanete. Liphuputso tsena li fana ka bopaki bo bong bo hlakileng ba ho ts'oana ha lithethefatsi le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi. Ho tšoana ho joalo ho ka khutlisetsoa ho tšoana le mehaho e tšoanang ea lik'homphieutha le lithethefatsi tse amanang le lithethefatsi.

20) Ho khomarela litšoantšo tsa bootsoa? Ho hlokomoloha kapa ho hlokomoloha litaba tsa ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa thobalano le maemo a mangata ho amana le matšoao a lithethefatsi tsa ho kopanela liphate le ba bang ba libanese (Schiebener et al., 2015) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'ehetso le bolaoli ba bolaoli bo futsanehileng] - Ntho e hlakileng:

Batho ba bang ba ja litaba tsa ho kopanela liphate ka Inthanete, tse kang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ​​ka mokhoa o lemalloang, o lebisang liphellong tse mpe bophelong ba bona kapa mosebetsing. Mokhoa o mong o lebisang liphellong tse mpe o ka fokotsoa ts'ebetso ea taolo ea ts'ebetso holim'a ts'ebetso le boitšoaro bo ka 'nang ba hlokahala ho lemoha ho fetoha ha sepheo pakeng tsa tšebeliso ea cybersex le mesebetsi e meng le boikarabelo ba bophelo. E le hore re rarolle ntlha ena, re ile ra batlisisa barupeluoa ba 104 banna ba nang le paradigm e nang le litekanyetso tse kholo tse nang le lihlopha tse peli: Setho se seng se ne se e-na le litšoantšo tsa batho, setšoantšo se seng se ne se e-na le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Ka bobeli li beha litšoantšo hore li behoe ho latela maemo a itseng. Sepheo se hlakileng e ne e le ho sebetsa mesebetsing eohle ea likarolo ho likhakanyo tse lekanang, ka ho fetola lipakeng tsa mesebetsi le lihlopha ka mokhoa o leka-lekaneng.

Re fumane hore ts'ebetso e fokolang ka mokhoa o fokolang pondigm ena e mengata e ne e amahanngoa le mokhoa o phahameng oa ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate Inthaneteng. Batho ba nang le tšekamelo ena ba atisa ho sebelisa kapa ho hlokomolohuoa ba sebetsang litšoantšong tsa bootsoa. Liphello li bontša hore tsamaiso e fokolisitsoeng ea taolo ea ts'ebetso ea ho etsa mesebetsi e mengata, ha e tobane le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ​​e ka tlatsetsa boitšoarong bo sa sebetseng le liphello tse mpe tse bakoang ke lithethefatsi tsa litaba tsa thobalano. Leha ho le joalo, batho ba nang le mekhoa e metle ea ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa ho kopanela liphate ho bonahala eka ba na le tšekamelo ea ho qoba kapa ho atamela boitsebiso bo litšila ba ho kopanela liphate, joalokaha ho buuoe ka mekhoa e susumetsang ea ho lemala.

21) Tlhahiso-morao Hamorao Meputso ea Thabo ea Hona Joale: Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Li Sebelisoa le ho lieha Ho Fumana (Negash et al., 2015) - [taolo ea bolaoli bo futsanehileng: teko ea ho etsa lintho] - Litlhaku tse ling:

Thuto 1: Barupeluoa ba qetile litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba sebelisa lipotso tsa lipotso le mosebetsi oa ho fokotsa litheko nakong ea 1 ebe hape libeke tse 'ne hamorao. Barupeluoa ba tlalehang tšebeliso e phahameng ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba bonts'a sekhahla se phahameng sa litheolelo ho Time 2, ba laola ho fokotsa litheolelo tsa pele. Thuto 2: Barupeluoa ba neng ba qoba ho sheba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ba bonts'a litheolelo tse tlase ho feta tsa barupeluoa ba neng ba sa je lijo tseo ba li ratang.

Litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tsa Inthanete ke moputso oa thobalano o tlatsetsang ho fokotsa ho fokotsa ho fapana le meputso e meng ea tlhaho, esita le ha tšebeliso e sa tsitellehe kapa e lemalla. Patlisiso ena e etsa monehelo oa bohlokoa, ho bontša hore phello e feta ka nakoana e tsositseng.

Ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ho ka etsa hore motho a khotsofale ka potlako ka thobalano empa a ka ba le tšusumetso e fetisang le ho ama libaka tse ling tsa bophelo ba motho, haholo-holo likamano.

Seo se fumanang se bontša hore litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa Inthanete ke moputso oa thobalano o tlatsetsang ho fokotsa ho fokotsa ho fapana le meputso e meng ea tlhaho. Ka lebaka leo, ke habohlokoa ho tšoara litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro e le tšusumetso e ikhethang bakeng sa lithuto tsa boipheliso, ho hloka maikutlo, le ho lemalla lithethefatsi le ho sebelisa sena ka tsela e nepahetseng kalafo ka bomong hammoho le kamanong ea bona.

22) Ho khahloa ke thobalano le ho sebetsana ka katleho le ho se sebetse ho etsa hore ho be le ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka thobalano ho banna ba bong bo fapaneng (Laier et al., 2015) - [litakatso tse kholo / ts'oaetso] - Ntho e hlakileng:

Liphumano tsa morao-rao li bonts'itse kamano lipakeng tsa ho teba ha cyberSex Addiction (CA) le matšoao a thabo ea thobalano, le hore ho sebetsana ka katleho le boits'oaro ba thobalano ho kopantse kamano lipakeng tsa thabo ea thobalano le matšoao a CA. Morero oa thuto ena e ne e le ho leka poelano ena mohlaleng oa banna ba basodoma. Lipotso li ile tsa hlahloba matšoao a CA, kutloisiso ea maikutlo a thobalano, ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso, boitšoaro bo bobe ba thobalano, matšoao a kelello le boits'oaro ba thobalano bophelong ba 'nete le inthaneteng. Ho feta moo, barupeluoa ba ile ba shebella livideo tsa bootsoa 'me ba bontša maikutlo a bona a ho tsosa takatso ea botona le botšehali pele le kamora video.

Liphetho li bontšitse khokahano e matla lipakeng tsa matšoao a CA le matšoao a ho tsosa takatso ea botona kapa botšehali, ho sebetsana ka katleho le boitšoaro ba thobalano le matšoao a kelello. CA e ne e sa kopantsoe le boits'oaro bo bobe ba thobalano le beke le beke nako ea ts'ebeliso ea cybersex. Ho sebetsana le boits'oaro ba thobalano ho ne ho arolelane kamano lipakeng tsa thabo ea thobalano le CA. Liphetho li bapisoa le tse tlalehiloeng bakeng sa banna le basali ba basali lithutong tse fetileng mme li buisanoa khahlano le semelo sa likhopolo tsa CA, tse totobatsang karolo ea ntlafatso e ntle le e mpe ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso ea cybersex.

23) Karolo ea Phekolo ea Neuroinflammation ho Pathophysiology ea Hypersexual Disorder (Jokinen et al., 2016) - [ho se sebetse ha khatello ea kelello le ho foqoha ha pelo] - Phuputso ena e tlalehile maemo a phahameng a ho potoloha Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) ka ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ha e bapisoa le ho laola bophelo bo botle. Matšoao a phahameng a TNF (letšoao la ho ruruha) a fumanoe hape ho batho ba hlekefetsang haholo le liphoofolo tse nang le lithethefatsi (joala, heroin, meth). Ho ne ho e-na le likamano tse matla pakeng tsa litekanyetso tsa TNF le litekanyo tsa tekanyo ea ho kopanela bosodoma.

24) Boits'oaro ba ho kopanela liphate ka boomo: Prefrontal le Limbic Volume le Interactions (Schmidt et al., 2016) - [lipotoloho tse sa sebetseng tsa pele le ho hlohlelletsa] - Ena ke thuto ea fMRI. Ha li bapisoa le taolo e phetseng hantle ea lithuto tsa CSB (batho ba lemaletseng litšoantšo tsa bootsoa) e ne e eketsehile ka bongata ba amygdala mme e fokotsa khokahano e sebetsang lipakeng tsa amygdala le dorsolateral prefrontal cortex DLPFC. Khokahano e fokotsehileng ea ts'ebetso lipakeng tsa amygdala le prefrontal cortex e tsamaellanang le lithethefatsi. Ho nahanoa hore khokahano e futsanehileng e fokotsa taolo ea "prefrontal" ea "cortex" holima tšusumetso ea mosebelisi ea ho kenella boitšoarong bo hlephileng. Phuputso ena e fana ka maikutlo a hore chefo ea lithethefatsi e ka lebisa ho taba e se nang bohlooho mme ka hona ea fokotsa bophahamo ba amygdala ho makhoba a lithethefatsi. Amygdala e lula e le mafolofolo nakong ea ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ​​haholo-holo nakong ea ho pepesehela thobalano. Mohlomong mokhoa o sa khaotseng oa thobalano le ho o batla le ho o batla o lebisa ho phello e ikhethang ho amygdala ho basebelisi ba ts'oaetso ea bootsoa. Ntle le moo, lilemo tsa bokhoba ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le litlamorao tse mpe li bohloko haholo - mme cho imeloa kelellong kelellong ho amana le ho eketseha ha amygdala molumo. Thuto #16 ka holimo o fumane hore "batho ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate" ba na le khatello ea kelello e feteletseng. Na ho imeloa kelellong ho sa feleng ho amanang le ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate le ho kopanela liphate, hammoho le lisosa tse etsang hore ho kopanela liphate ho ikhethoe, ho na le molumo o moholo oa amygdala Tlhaloso:

Liphuputso tsa rona tsa morao-rao li totobatsa meqolo e phahameng sebakeng se kenyelletsoang ke botsitso bo susumetsang le boemo bo tlase ba ho phomola ho hokahanya ha li-prefrontal top-down control control control networks. Ho senyeha ha marang-rang a joalo ho ka 'na ha hlalosa mekhoa ea boits'oaro ea boitšoaro mabapi le moputso o sa tsitsitseng oa tikoloho kapa ts'ebeliso e matla ea ts'ebeliso e matla ho tse ling tse khothatsang. Le hoja lipatlisiso tsa rona tsa boipheliso li fapane le tsa SUD, liphuputso tsena li ka 'na tsa bontša phapang e le ho sebetsa ha liphello tsa meriana ea ho sebelisa lithethefatsi tse sa foleng. Bopaki bo hlahang bo bontša hore ho na le monyetla o moholo oa ho ts'oaetsoa ke ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ka ho khetheha ho tšehetsa likhopolo tsa khothatso. Re bonts'itse hore ts'ebetso ena ea marang-rang ea bokhoni e ntlafatsoa ka mor'a ho pepesehela li-cues tse matla kapa tse khethiloeng ka ho kopanela liphate [Brand et al., 2016;; Seok le Sohn, 2015;; Voon et al., 2014] hammoho le ho ba le mekhoa e metle ea ho ela hloko [Mechelmans et al., 2014] 'me u lakatse ka ho khetheha ka thobalano empa e se takatso ea ho kopanela liphate ka botlalo [Brand et al., 2016;; Voon et al., 2014].

Tlhokomeliso e ntlafalitsoeng ea litakatso tsa thobalano e boetse e amahanngoa le khethollo ea likamano tsa botona le botšehali ka tsela e joalo e tiisa kamano pakeng tsa maemo a amanang le thobalano le khethollo ea kelello [Banca et al., 2016]. Liphuputso tsena tsa mosebetsi o ntlafetseng tse amanang le likamano tsa ho kopanela liphate li fapane le tsa phello (kapa ts'ebetso e sa lumellaneng) eo ho eona mokhoa o ntlafetseng, mohlomong o lumellanang le khopolo ea ho mamella, ho eketsa khetho ea likhang tsa thobalano [Banca et al., 2016]. Hammoho tsena li fumanoa li thusa ho utloisisa hore na ho na le phekolo ea mofuta ofe ea motheo ea boloetse ba boloetse ba kokoana-hloko ea CSB e lebisang kutloisisong e kholo ea boloetse le ho tsebahatsa mekhoa ea phekolo ea meriana.

25) Ketsahalo ea Ventral Striatum Ha ho Shebella Litšoantšo Tsa Litšoantšo Tsa Litšoantšo Tsa Litšoantšo Tsa Litšoantšo Tsa Litšoantšo Tsa Litšoantšo Tsa Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Tse Ikhethang li Hlahlobisoa ke Matšoao a Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa ba Inthanete (Brand et al., 2016) - [ts'ebetso e kholo ea ts'ebetso / ts'oaetso] - Phuputso ea Jeremane ea fMRI. Ho fumana #1: Ketsahalo ea setsi sa moputso (ventral striatum) e ne e phahametse litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tse khethiloeng. Ho fumana #2: Ventral striatum reactivity e amanang le marang-rang a ho lemalla thobalano. Liphuputso tsena ka bobeli li bontša ho hlokomelisa le ho lumellana le mokhoa oa ho lemala. Bangoli ba bolela hore "Nako ea Neural ea ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ho Internet e tšoana le lithethefatsi tse ling." Tlhaloso ea sehlooho:

Mofuta o mong oa ho lemalla lithethefatsi ke ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso ea boitšoaro bo bobe, tseo hape ho thoeng ke ho lemalla boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ho Internet kapa ho Internet. Liphuputso tse entsoeng ka mahlaseli a maiketsetso li fumanoe lipapaling tsa baithaopi ha barupeluoa ba shebeletse maikutlo a hlakileng a ho kopanela liphate ha ba bapisoa le boitsebiso bo sa hlakileng ba ho kopanela liphate le litaba tsa bokooa Hona joale re na le maikutlo a hore lipapali tsa bootsoa li lokela ho arabela litšoantšong tsa bootsoa ha li bapisoa le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tse sa khethoeng le hore mosebetsi oa ventral striatum ka phapang ena o lokela ho amana le matšoao a ikhethileng a ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Re ile ra ithuta barupeluoa ba 19 ba bong bo fapaneng le setšoantšo sa paradigm ho akarelletsa le boitsebiso bo bong bo hlephileng ba bootsoa bo sa khethiloeng.

Litšoantšo tse tsoang mokhatlong o khethiloeng li ne li nkoa e le tse ling tse tsosang, tse sa thabiseng, le tse haufi le tse ntle. Karabo ea sekhahla sa Ventral e ne e le matla bakeng sa maemo a khethiloeng a bapisoa le litšoantšo tse sa khethoeng. Mesebetsi ea thibelo ea Ventral e fapaneng le eona e ne e amana le matšoao a boitsebiso ba ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa Inthaneteng. Boikokobetso bo ikhethang bo ne bo boetse e le boitsebiso bo bolelang feela bo hlakileng boemong ba ho hlahlojoa ka matla ka boipheliso bo lekaneng le ho ba le matšoao a itekanetseng a ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba Inthaneteng, boithabiso bo tloaelehileng ba ho kopanela liphate, boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate, ho tetebela maikutlong, kutloisiso ea batho ba bang, le boitšoaro ba thobalano matsatsing a ho qetela . Liphetho li tšehetsa karolo ea sebopeho sa ventral ha ho etsoa moputso tebello le ho khotsofatsoa ho kopantsoeng le boitsebiso bo hlephileng ba bootsoa bo ikhethang. Mekhoa ea moputso tebello ea tlhahiso ea li-ventral e ka tlatsetsa tlhaloso ea neural ea hore na ke hobane'ng ha batho ba nang le litakatso tse itseng le maikutlo a ho kopanela liphate ba kotsing ea ho lahleheloa ke taolo ea bona ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.

26) Boemo ba ho ba le takatso ea ho ba le takatso ea ho ba le takatso ea ho ba le takatso ea ho ba le takatso ea ho kopanela liphate (Neural Connectivity)Klucken et al., 2016) - [ts'ebetso e kholo ea ts'ebetso / ts'ebetso le li-circuits tse sa sebetseng] - Puisano ena ea Sejeremane ea fMRI e hlalositse lithuto tse peli tse kholo Voon et al., 2014 'me Ho tloha 2014. Liphuputso tse kholo: Li-correlate tsa neural tsa boemo ba ho khotsofatsa le ho hokahanya ha neural li fetotsoe sehlopheng sa CSB. Ho ea ka bafuputsi, phetoho ea pele - ts'ebetso e matlafalitsoeng ea amygdala - e kanna ea bonts'a maemo a nolofalitsoeng ("wiring" e kholo ho se neng se sa jele paate se neng se bolela litšoantšo tsa bootsoa). Phetoho ea bobeli - phokotso ea khokahano lipakeng tsa ventral striatum le preortal cortex - e ka ba sesupo sa ho holofala ha bokhoni ba ho laola maikutlo.

Bafuputsi ba itse, "Tsena [liphetoho] li tsamaellana le lithuto tse ling tse batlisisang li-neural correlates tsa mathata a ho lemalla lithethefatsi le likhaello tsa ho laola maikutlo." Liphuputso tsa ts'ebetso e kholo ea amygdalar ho li-cues (ho hlohlelletsa) le ho fokotsa ho hokahanya pakeng tsa setsi sa moputso le prefrontal cortex (boikaketsi) ke liphetoho tse peli tsa boko bo boholo bo bonoang ho lemalla lithethefatsi. Ho phaella moo, 3 ea basebelisi ba ts'oaetso ba bootsoa ba 20 ba na le bothata ba "bothata ba ho fokotsa" orgasmic-erection ". Tlhaloso:

Ka kakaretso, ho hlokometsoe mosebetsi oa amygdala o eketsehileng le ho fokotsa li-ventral-PFC ho fokotseha ka nako e tšoanang ho lumella likhopolo-taba mabapi le botumo le ho phekoloa ha CSB. Lihlooho tsa CSB li ne li bonahala li le bonolo haholo ho theha mekhatlo pakeng tsa likarolo tse sa nke lehlakore le likoetliso tse amanang le tikoloho. Ka hona, lihlooho tsena li ka 'na tsa kopana le maikutlo a etsang hore boitšoaro bo atamele. Ebang sena se lebisa ho CSB kapa ke phello ea CSB e tlameha ho arajoa ke lipatlisiso tse tlang. Ho phaella moo, mekhoa ea molao ea tsamaiso e sa sebetseng, e bontšoang ka ho fokotsa likamano tse fokolang tsa li-ventra-prefrontal, e ka tsoela pele ho ts'ehetsa ho boloka boitšoaro bo botle.

27) Ho qobelloa ho qobelloa ho sebelisoa hampe ha Meriana ea lithethefatsi le e sa sebeliseng lithethefatsi (Banca et al., 2016) - [ts'ebetso e kholo ea ts'ebetso / ts'ehetso, likhallelo tse ntlafalitsoeng] - Puisano ena ea Cambridge University fMRI e bapisa likarolo tsa ho qobelloa ke lino tse tahang, batho ba jang joala, libapali tsa lipapali tsa video le ba lemaletseng lithethefatsi (CSB). Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Ho fapana le mathata a mang, CSB ha e bapisoa le HV e bontšitse ka potlako tlatsetso bakeng sa liphello tsa moputso hammoho le mamello e kholo ho boemo ba moputso ho sa tsotellehe liphello. Lihlooho tsa CSB ha lia ka tsa bontša mathata leha e le afe a totobetseng a ho fetola kapa ho fetola ho ithuta. Liphuputso tsena li lumellana le liphuputso tsa rona tsa pele tsa khethollo e ntlafetseng bakeng sa mekhoa e amanang le thobalano kapa liphello tsa lichelete, ka kakaretso ho fana ka maikutlo a ho matlafatsa kutloisiso bakeng sa meputso (Banca et al., 2016). Liphuputso tse ling tse sebelisang meputso e babatsehang li bontšoa.

28) Ho lakatsa ka ho toba litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso le ho ithuta ka ho kopanela liphate ho bolela esale pele mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa ka ho kopanela liphate ka thobalano ka mohlala oa batho ba tloaetseng ho sebelisa li-cybersex (Snagkowski et al., 2016) - [ts'ebetso e kholo ea ho ts'oaea / ho hlohlelletsa, ho arabela likarabo tse ntlafalitsoeng] - Thuto ena e ikhethang e ile ea etsa hore ho be le libopeho tse sa jeleng paate, tse neng li bolela esale pele ponahalo ea bootsoa. Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Ha ho lumellane mabapi le litekanyetso tsa ho hlahloba ho tsuba ha lithethefatsi. Ba bang ba atamela ho ngola lintho tse tšoanang le ho itšetlehile ka lits'ebetso tsa motsoako, tseo thuto ea ho kopanya le eona e leng mokhoa oa bohlokoa. Phuputsong ena, banna ba 86 banna ba bong bo fapaneng ba ile ba qeta Standard Pavlovian ho ea K'hamphieutheng ea Ts'ebetsong e fetotsoeng ka litšoantšo tsa bootsoa hore ba etse lipatlisiso tsa thuto ea ho kopanela liphate ka ho lemalla lithethefatsi tsa litaba tsa thobalano. Ho phaella moo, takatso ea ho ipeha tlas'a ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le mekhoa ea ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa ho kopanela liphate e ile ea hlahlojoa. Liphello li bontšitse phello ea ho lakatsa ho ipeha kotsing ka mekhoa ea ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate ka litaba tsa ho kopanela liphate, e itekanetseng ke thuto ea mahlahana

Ka kakaretso, liphumano tsena li supa karolo e kholo ea thuto e kopaneng bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea temallo ea cybersex, ha e ntse e fana ka bopaki bo matla ba ho tšoana lipakeng tsa ho ikemela ha lithethefatsi le ho lemalla tahi le cybersex. Ka kakaretso, sephetho sa thuto ea hona joale se fana ka maikutlo a hore thuto e kopaneng e ka bapala karolo ea bohlokoa mabapi le nts'etsopele ea bokhoba ba cybersex. Seo re se fumaneng se fana ka bopaki bo bong bo tšoanang lipakeng tsa bokhoba ba tahi le cybersex le litheko tsa thepa hobane litšusumetso tsa takatso e matla ea ho ithuta le ho ithuta li ne li bonts'oa.

29) Boikutlo bo fetohileng ka mor'a ho shebella litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro Inthaneteng bo amana le matšoao a Inthanete-litšoantšo tsa bootsoa-ho sheba bothata (Laier le Brand, 2016) - [litakatso tse kholo / tlhokomeliso, ho sa rate hakaalo] - Litlhaku tse ling:

Liphetho tsa mantlha tsa thuto ke hore litloaelo tsa ho sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa inthaneteng (IPD) li ne li amahanngoa hampe le ho ikutloa o le motle, o tsohile, o khobile matšoafo hape o na le khatello ea kelello bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi le sepheo sa ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tsa inthanete mabapi le ho batla nyakallo le ho qoba maikutlo. Ntle le moo, litloaelo tsa IPD li ne li amana hampe le maikutlo pele le kamora ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa inthaneteng le keketseho ea 'nete ea khutso le khutso.

Kamano pakeng tsa litloaelo tsa IPD le thabo e batlang ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso ea inthanete le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e ile ea lekanyetsoa ke tlhahlobo ea khotsofalo e nang le boiphihlelo. Ka kakaretso, liphetho tsa boithuto li tsamaellana le khopolo ea hore IPD e hokahane le tšusumetso ea ho fumana khotsofalo ea thobalano le ho qoba kapa ho sebetsana ka katleho le maikutlo a ferekanyang le mohopolo oa hore maikutlo a fetoha ka mor'a ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa a hokahane le IPD (Cooper et al., 1999 'me Laier le Brand, 2014).

30) Boits'oaro ba botona le botšehali bathong ba baholo: Mekhatlo ho pholletsa le mefuta e fapaneng ea lik'hamphani, mekhoa ea ho itšoara le ea maikutlo (2016) - [bofutsana bo sebetsang boemong bo botle] - Batho ba nang le bothata ba ho kopanela liphate ka bothata ba botona kapa botšehali (PSB) ba ile ba bontša mefokolo e mengata ea kutloisiso ea maikutlo. Liphuputso tsena li bontša bofutsana e sebetsang ka katleho (boikaketsi) e leng tšobotsi ea boko bo ka sehloohong e hlahelang lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi. Litlhaloso tse 'maloa:

E 'ngoe e ikhethang e bakoang ke tlhahlobo ena ke hore PSB e bonts'a mekhatlo e mengata e nang le lintlha tse ngata tse sa pheleng, tse kenyeletsang ho itšepa ho fokolang, boleng bo fokolang ba bophelo, bonyane ba BMI, le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa mathata a mangata ...

... hape ho ka etsahala hore likarolo tsa kliniki tse khethiloeng sehlopheng sa PSB li hlile li bakoa ke phapang ea thuto e phahameng e hlahisang PSB le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa kliniki. Ntho e ka 'nang ea e-ba eona e tlatsetsang karolo ena e ka ba litšenyehelo tsa tšohanyetso tse fumanoang sehlopheng sa PSB, haholo-holo tse amanang le ho sebetsa mohopolong, ho se ts'oanelehe / ho laola maikutlo le ho etsa liqeto. Ho latela litšoantšo tsena, hoa khoneha ho latisa mathata a hlahang ho PSB le likarolo tse eketsehileng tsa kliniki, tse kang ho senyeha maikutlo maikutlong, ho senyeha ho itseng ho tsebo ...

Haeba mathata a ho nahanisisa a hlalositsoeng tlhahisoleseding ena ke ha e le hantle karolo ea mantlha ea PSB, sena se ka 'na sa e-ba le litlhaloso tse kholo tsa kliniki.

31) Methylation ea HPA Axis Matšoao a amanang le banna ka Hypersexual Disorder (Jokinen et al., 2017) - [ho se sebetse ha khatello ea kelello, liphetoho tsa epigenetic] - Ena ke ho latela #16 ka holimo e leng ho fumanoang hore lithethefatsi tsa batho ba kopanelang liphate li na le mekhoa ea khatello ea kelello e sa sebetseng - phetoho e kholo ea phetoho e bakoang ke ho lemalla. Phuputso ea morao-rao e fumane liphetoho tsa epigenetic liphatseng tsa lefutso tse kenang mofuteng oa khatello ea motho le ho amana haufi le ho lemala. Ka liphetoho tsa epigenetic, ho latellana ha DNA ha ho fetoloe (joalokaha ho etsahala ka phetoho ea maikutlo). Ho e-na le hoo, liphatsa tsa lefutso li ngotsoe 'me polelo ea eona e nyoloha kapa e theoha (video e khutšoanyane e hlalosang epigenetics). Liphetoho tsa epigenetic tse tlalehiloeng thuputsong ena li entse hore ho fetoloe mosebetsi oa liphatsa tsa lefutso la CRF. CRF ke neurotransmitter le hormone e khanna boitšoaro bo hlephileng tse kang litakatso, 'me ke sebapali se seholo ka matšoao a mangata a ho tlohela a amanang le 'ona lisebelisoa 'me boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba boitšoaro, ho kenyelletswa le ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate.

32) Ho hlahloba kamano pakeng tsa ho qobelloa ho kopanela liphate le ho nyenyefatsoa ka litaba tsa thobalano ho sehlopha sa batho ba kopanelang liphate (Albery le al., 2017) - [ts'ebetso e kholo ea ts'ebetso / ts'ebetso, ts'oaetso] - Phatlalatso ena e hlalosa liphihlelo tsa thuto ena ea 2014 Cambridge University, e neng e bapisa leeme la tlhokomelo ea batho ba lemaletseng ho sheba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ka taolo e nepahetseng. Mona ke ntho e ncha: Phuputso e hokahantse "lilemo tsa thobalano" le 1) lintlha tsa bokhoba ba thobalano le 2) liphetho tsa mosebetsi oa ho ela hloko.

Har'a ba ipolelang bokhoba ba ho lemalla thobalano, lilemo tse fokolang tsa boithuto ba thobalano li ne li amana le khethollo e kholo ea kelello (tlhaloso ea khethollo). Ka lebaka leo ho qobella ho kopanela liphate ho phahameng ho feta lilemo tse 'maloa tsa phihlelo ea ho kopanela liphate = matšoao a maholo a ho lemala (ho ba le mekhoa e mengata ea ho tsuba kapa ho sitisa). Empa ho ba le mekhoa e meholo ho fokotseha ka matla ho basebelisi ba qobelloang, 'me ho nyamela ka palo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea lilemo tsa thobalano. Bangoli ba ile ba etsa qeto ea hore sephetho sena se ka bontša hore lilemo tse ngata tsa "ho kopanela liphate ka ho qobella" li etsa hore motho a tloaele ho phela kapa a ferekane ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho khahlisoa ke menyaka. Tlhaloso ea sephetho:

Tlhaloso e 'ngoe e ka bang teng bakeng sa liphetho tsena ke hore ha motho ea kenelletseng ho tsa thobalano a etsa boitšoaro bo qobelloang haholoanyane, template e tsosang takatso e amanang le eona e hlaha [36-38] le hore ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, ho hlokahala boitšoaro bo fetelletseng bakeng sa boemo bo tšoanang ba monyaka hore bo phethahale. Ho phehisanoa hape ka hore ha motho a kenella boits'ebetsong bo mamellehang haholoanyane, li-neuropathways li fetoha le takatso ea ho "tloaelo" e tsosang takatso ea thobalano kapa litšoantšo mme batho ka bomong ba fetohela mohopolong o fetelletseng oa "ho amohela" takatso e nyakallo. Sena se tsamaisana le mosebetsi o bonts'a hore banna ba 'phetseng hantle' ba lula ba hlasimolohile ka nako le hore moahi ona o tšoauoa ka likarabo tse fokotsehileng tsa karabo le takatso ea maikutlo [39].

Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore batho ba nkang karolo ho feta tekano, ba kopanelang thobalanong ba fetohile 'ba ferekane' kapa ba iphapanyetsa 'mantsoe a tloahelehileng' a amanang le thobalano a sebelisitsoeng thupelong ea hona joale mme joalo ka ha ho bonts'a ho fokotseha ha leihlo le nchocho, athe ba nang le khatello e matla le boiphihlelo bo fokolang ba ntse ba bonts'a tsitiso hobane tshusumetso e bonts'a tlhokomeliso e lemohileng haholoanyane.

33) Tšebeliso e sebetsang ea banna ba qobelloang ho kopanela liphate le ba sa kopaneleng liphate Pele le ka mor'a ho shebella video ea Erotic (Messina et al., 2017) - [bohloki bo bobebe bo sebetsang, litakatso tse matla / tlhokomeliso] - Ho pepesa maikutlo ho litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ho amme batsamaisi ba sebetsang ho banna ba nang le "boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate," empa ba sa laole bophelo bo botle. Mookameli ea futsanehileng ea sebetsang ha a pepesehetse lits'ebeletso tse amanang le lithethefatsi ke letšoao la mathata a litšila (ho bonts'a bobeli ho fetoloa lipotoloho tsa prefrontal 'me ho hlohlelletsa). Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Tlhaloso ena e bontša hore ho na le mekhoa e metle ea ho ba le tsebo ka mor'a ho kopanela liphate ka litekanyetso ho bapisoa le barupeluoa ba qobellang ho kopanela liphate. Ts'ehetso ea litaba tsena e tšehetsa khopolo ea hore banna ba kopanelang liphate ba se ke ba sebelisa monyetla oa ho ithuta ho tsoa phihlelo, e leng se ka etsang hore ho ntlafatsoe boitšoaro bo ntlafetseng. Hape sena se ka utloisisoa e le ho se be le phello ea thuto ka sehlopha sa likamano tsa botona le botšehali ha ba ne ba tsosoa ka thobalano, ho tšoana le se etsahalang nakong ea ts'oaetso ea thobalano, e qalang ka palo e ntseng e eketseha ea ho lemoha thobalano, e lateloa ke ts'ebetsong ea thobalano litokomane le ho hlahisa maikutlo, hangata ho amanang le ho hlaheloa ke maemo a kotsi.

34) Na Litšoantšo Tsa Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa li ka ba Tsa Lematsa? Thuto ea fMRI ea Batho ba Batlang Phekolo ea Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Tse Sebelisang Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa Sebelisa (Gola et al., 2017) - [ts'ebetso e kholo ea ts'ebetso / ts'ebetso, ho arabela likarabo tse matlafalitsoeng] - Tlhahlobo ea fMRI e amanang le sekhetho se ikhethileng sa mahlakore a se nang lehlakore se bolelang hore ho na le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Batho ba nang le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba bile ba se na mathata (PPU) ba fapane ka tsela eo ba bonang litšoantšo ka eona, empa ha ba itšoare ka litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso, ka tsela e lumellanang le ho khothalletsa khopolo ea ho hloka taolo. Ts'ebetso ena ea boko e ne e tsamaea le boikutlo bo eketsehileng ba boits'oaro ba ho sheba litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso (ho 'batla' holimo). Tlhahiso-pele ea ho hlasela ha li-ventral bakeng sa ho tseba litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso e ne e amana haholo le matla a PPU, palo ea litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tse sebelisoang beke le palo ea ho ipholla litho tsa beke le beke. Liphuputso tsa rona li fana ka maikutlo a hore joaloka tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi le papali ea chelete ho senyeha mekhoa ea neural le ea boitšoaro e amanang le ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea lits'ebeletso e amana le bohlokoa ho likarolo tse sebetsang tsa PPU. Liphuputso tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore PPU e ka 'na ea emela ho lemalla boitšoaro le hore mehato e thusang ho lebisa tlhokomelo ea boitšoaro le lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi ho nahana ka ho fetola le ho sebelisa ho thusa banna ba nang le PPU.

35) Mekhoa ea ho hlokomeleha le e sa hlokomelehang ea maikutlo: Na e khathatsa ka nako e telele ea bootsoa Sebelisa? (Kunaharan et al., 2017) - [Tloaelo kapa Tlholohelo ea maikutlo] - Boithuto bo ile ba lekoa likarabo tsa basebelisi ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (litemana tsa EEG le Karabo ea Startle) ho litšoantšo tse fapaneng tse susumetsang maikutlo - ho kenyeletsoa le maikutlo. Phuputso e fumane phapang e mengata ea methapo lipakeng tsa basebelisi ba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro le basebelisi ba litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Liphuputso li bontša hore ho eketseha ha litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ho bonahala eka ho na le tšusumetso ho likarabo tsa boko tse sa tsebeng ho ba le tšusumetso ea maikutlo e sa bontšoang ka tlaleho e hlakileng ea boipiletso.

4.1. Litlhaloso tse hlakileng: Ho thahasellisang, sehlopha se phahameng sa tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso ea boitšoaro bo bobe se ile sa lekanya litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e le tse sa thabiseng ho feta sehlopha se sebelisoang. Bangoli ba fana ka maikutlo a hore sena se ka 'na sa bakoa ke tlhaho e "bonolo" ea "litšoantšo" tse nang le setšoantšo sa IAPS se sa faneng ka mokhoa oa ho susumetsa seo ba ka se batlang, joalokaha o bontšitsoe ke Harper le Hodgins [58] hore ka ho shebella khafetsa litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso ea boitšoaro bo bobe, hangata batho ba bangata ba nyoloha ba shebella thepa e matla haholo ho boloka boemo bo tšoanang ba pherekano ea 'mele.

Sehlopha sa maikutlo a "monate" se bone litekanyetso tsa lihlopha tsohle tse tharo li tšoana hantle le sehlopha se phahameng se sebelisang litekanyetso tsa litšoantšo e le tse sa thabiseng ho feta ka lihlopha tse ling. Sena se kanna sa bakoa ke litšoantšo tse "ntle" tse hlahisitsoeng li sa khothaletse batho ba sehlopha se phahameng. Boithuto bo bontšitse khafetsa ho fokotseha hoa 'mele ho sebetsanang le litaba tsa takatso ea lijo ka lebaka la litlamorao tsa bolulo ho batho ba batlang khafetsa litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso [3, 7, 8]. Ke litsebi tsa bangoli hore sena se ka 'na sa ikarabella bakeng sa liphetho tse boletsoeng.

4.3. Setlexe Reflex Modulation (SRM): Lebelo le phahameng la amplitude startle effect le sebelisoang lihlopheng tse tlase le tse bohareng tsa tšebeliso ea bootsoa li ka hlalosoa ke ba sehlopheng ba ikemiselitseng ho qoba tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro, kaha ba ka fumana e le ntho e sa thabiseng. Ntle le moo, liphello tse fumanoang li ka 'na tsa e-ba teng ka lebaka la tloaelo ea ho tloaela batho, moo batho ba lihlopheng tsena ba shebelang litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso ho feta kamoo ba bo boletseng ka ho hlaka-mohlomong ka lebaka la ho hlajoa ke lihlong har'a batho ba bang,41, 42].

36) Ho ipapisa le thobalano ea ho kopanela liphate ho etsa hore ho be le likhaello tse eketsehileng tse lebisang tlhokomelo e ntseng e eketseha ha ho etsoa litlokotsi tsa Cyber ​​har'a batho (Cheng & Chiou, 2017) - ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o bobebe, ho hloka boithati - ho leka ho etsa lintho tse ling] - Liphuputso tse peli tse pepeneneng le ts'oaetso ea ho kopanela liphate e hlahisitsoeng ke: 1) ho lieha ho fokotsa ts'oaetso (ho sitoa ho lieha ho khotsofatsa), 2) kholo e kholo ea ho kenella ts'ebetsong ea bongata, 3) tšekamelo ea ho reka thepa ea maiketsetso le ho senya akhaonto ea motho ea Facebook. Ho kopanngoa sena ho bontša hore tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso e eketsa ts'oaetso 'me e ka fokotsa mesebetsi e meng ea bolaoli (boits'oaro, kahlolo, liphello tse bonang pele, ho laola maikutlo). Tlhaloso:

Batho ba atisa ho kopana le maikutlo a ho kopanela liphate nakong ea tšebeliso ea Inthanete. Lipatlisiso li bontšitse hore tšusumetso e matlafatsang takatso ea ho kopanela liphate e ka lebisa tlhokomelo e kholo ho banna, joalokaha e bonahalitsoe ka ho fokotsa nako ea nakoana (e leng, tloaelo ea ho khetha tse nyenyane, tse fumanoang ka potlako ho tse khōloanyane, nakong e tlang).

Qetellong, liphello tsa morao-rao li bonts'a setsoalle pakeng tsa litakatso tsa botona le botšehali (mohlala, ho pepesehela litšoantšo tsa basali ba ts'oarelo kapa liaparo tse tsosang takatso ea ho kopanela liphate) le ho kenya letsoho ha banna mokhoeng oa tlhekefetso ea cyber. Seo re se fumaneng se fana ka maikutlo a hore ho se tsitsisehe ha banna le boits'oaro, joalo ka ha bo bonahatsoa ka ho theoleloa ha nakoana, ho ka etsahala hore ba hlōlehe ho tobana le tšusumetso ea thobalano e tloaelehileng. Banna ba ka rua molemo ka ho hlahloba hore na ho pepeseha tšusumetso ea thobalano ho amahanngoa le khetho ea bona ea boitšoaro bo bobe. Seo re se fumaneng se fana ka maikutlo a hore ho kopanela litabeng tsa thobalano ho ka etsa hore banna ba theohe tseleng ea tlhekefetso ea cyber

Liphetho tsa morao-rao li bontša hore ho fumaneha ha maemo a ho kopanela liphate mocheng oa marang-rang ho ka ba le kamano e haufi haholo le boitšoaro ba banna ba tlōlo ea molao ho feta kamoo ho neng ho nahanoa kateng pele.

37) Li-predictors bakeng sa (Bothata) Tšebeliso ea Inthanete Tšusumetso ea ho kopanela liphate: Karolo ea Boits'oaro bo kopanetsoeng ka thobalano le Tsela e totobetseng Tendencies ho Litaba tsa ho Kopanela liphate (Stark et al., 2017) - [ho tseba ho hongata ho matlafatsa / ho hlohlelletsa / litakatso] - Litlhaku tse latelang:

Phuputso ea morao tjena e ile ea batlisisa hore na tšusumetso ea thobalano le mekhoa ea ho kopanela liphate ke mekhoa e metle ea hore na SEM e sebelisoe joang le hore na letsatsi le leng le le leng le qeta ho shebella SEM. Ka teko ea boitšoaro, re sebelisitse Tsela ea ho Qoba ho Abela (AAT) bakeng sa ho lekanya mekhoa e metle ea litloaelo tsa thobalano. Tšebelisano e ntle pakeng tsa mekhoa e metle ea SEM le letsatsi le leng le le leng le sebelisitsoeng ho shebella SEM li ka hlalosoa ka liphello tse lebisang tlhokomelo: Tloaelo e hlakileng ea mokhoa o ka hlalosoang e le khethollo ea bohlokoa ho SEM. Sehlooho se nang le khethollo ena e ka 'na ea khahloa ke ho kopanela liphate Inthaneteng se hlahisang nako e ngata e sebelisitsoeng ho SEM.

38) Litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso Tlhahisoleseding e thehiloeng Neurophysiological Computational Approach (Kamaruddin le al., 2018) - Tlhaloso:

Leqepheng lena, mokhoa oa ho sebelisa letšoao la bokooa o tsoang sebakeng se ka pele o hapuoe ho sebelisa EEG o hlophisitsoe ho lemoha hore na morupeluoa a ka ba le lithethefatsi tsa thobalano kapa ho seng joalo. E sebetsa joaloka mokhoa o tlatsitseng oa lipotso tsa maikutlo a tloaelehileng a kelello. Liphello tsa liteko li bontša hore barupeluoa ba nang le mekhoa e metle ba ne ba e-na le maqhubu a tlaase a alpha sebakeng sa boko bo ka pele ho bapisoa le barupeluoa bao e seng ba lemaletseng. E ka bonoa ho sebelisoa matla a mahlaseli a sebelisoang ka "Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography" (LORETA). Sehlopha sa theta se boetse se bontša hore ho na le phapang pakeng tsa ba lemalloang le ba sa lemaletseng. Leha ho le joalo, phapang ha e hlahe joaloka alpha band.

39) Boitsebiso bo bobe ba taba le ho fetola boemo ba ho phomola ha boemo boemong bo phahameng ba gyrus har'a batho ba nang le boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate (Seok & Sohn, 2018) - [khaello ea taba e bohlooho bokong ba nakoana, khokahano e sebetsang e futsanehileng lipakeng tsa cortex ea nakoana le precuneus & caudate] - Phuputso ea fMRI e bapisa ba lemaletseng thobalano ("boitšoaro bo bobe ba bosodoma") ka hloko ho lihlooho tse laoloang hantle. Ha ho bapisoa le taolo ea ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate ba ne ba na le: 1) ba fokolitse lintho tse bohlooho li-lobes tsa nakoana (libaka tse amanang le litakatso tsa thobalano); 2) e fokolitse precuneus ho khokahano ea ts'ebetso ea cortex ea nakoana (e kanna ea bonts'a ho sa tloaelehang ho khona ho lebisa tlhokomelo); 3) e fokolitse caudate ho khokahano ea ts'ebetso ea cortex ea nakoana (e kanna ea thibela taolo e holimo-tlase ea litabatabelo). Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Liphuputso tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore mekhoa ea moralo ea liphatsa tsa lefutso le mekhoa e tobileng ea ho sebetsa pakeng tsa gyrus ea nakoana le libaka tse itseng (ke hore, precuneus le caudate) e ka tlatsetsa ho ferekanyang ho thibelang ho kopanela liphate ho batho ba nang le PHB. Ka hona, liphetho tsena li bontša hore liphetoho tseboang le mokhoa o sebetsang ka har'a gyrus ea nakoana e ka 'na ea e-ba lintlha tse khethehileng tsa PHB' me e ka 'na ea e-ba batlatsi ba li-biomarker bakeng sa ho fumanoa ke PHB.

Grey taba ea ho atolosoa ka mahlahahlaha a nepahetseng a cerebellar le ho hokahanya ha marotholi a letšoao la cerebellar le STG tse setseng li ne li boetse li hlokomeloa .... Ka lebaka leo, ho ka etsahala hore ho eketseha ha bohlooho ho hongata le ho sebetsana le ts'ebetso ea cerebellum ho amana le boitšoaro bo qobelloang ho batho ba nang le PHB.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, lenaneo la VBM le ts'ebetso ea ho ikopanya le ts'ebetso e bonts'itse bofokoli ba taba le ho fetoloa khokahanyo ea ts'ebetso ho gyrus ea nakoana har'a batho ba nang le PHB. Habohlokoa le ho feta, mohaho o fokotsehileng le ho sebetsa ha tsona o ne o sa tsamaisane le matla a PHB. Liphuputso tsena li fane ka lintlha tse ncha mabapi le mekhoa e meholo ea li-neural ea PHB.

40) Mekhoa e metle ea ho sheba Inthaneteng-litšoantšo tsa bootsoa-sebelisa bothata: Ho fapana ho banna le basali mabapi le ho hlokomoloha litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso (Pekal et al., 2018) - [cue reactivity / sensitization e kholo, litakatso tse matlafalitsoeng]. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

 Bangoli ba 'maloa ba nka marang-rang-litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro-ts'ebeliso ea mafu (IPD) e le lefu la ho tsuba. E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e ithutiloeng ka matla ho mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi le e seng ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ke ts'ehetso e ntlafalitsoeng e lebisang tlhokomelo lintlheng tse amanang le bokhoba. Khethollo ea maikutlo e hlalosoa e le lits'ebetso tsa kutloisiso ea maikutlo a motho ka mong tse anngoeng ke lintlha tse amanang le bokhoba ba tahi tse bakiloeng ke boits'oaro bo matla ba cue ka bo eona. Ho nahanoa ka mofuta oa I-PACE hore ho batho ba tloaetseng ho hlahisa matšoao a IPD litlatsetso tse felletseng hammoho le cue-reactivity le takatso e hlaha le ho eketseha nakong ea ts'ebeliso ea tahi. Ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa karolo ea tlhokomelo ea tlhokomelo ho nts'etsopele ea IPD, re batlisitse sampole ea barupeluoa ba banna le basali ba 174. Khethollo ea tlhokomelo e ne e lekantsoe le Visual Probe Task, moo bankakarolo ba neng ba tlameha ho arabela ka metsu e hlahang kamora litšoantšo tsa bootsoa kapa tse sa nke lehlakore.

Ntle le moo, litho tsa sehlopha li ile tsa tlameha ho bonts'a maikutlo a bona a ho tsosa takatso ea botona kapa botšehali a susumetsoang ke litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Ntle le moo, litloaelo mabapi le IPD li ile tsa lekanngoa ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea nako e khutšoane ea Internetsex. Liphetho tsa boithuto bona li bonts'itse kamano lipakeng tsa leeme le nkoang le pherekano ea IPD e arolelitsoeng ka mokhoa o fapaneng le matšoao a ho etsa ntho e ncha hape ho lakatsa. Le ha banna le basali ka kakaretso ba fapana ka linako tsa karabelo ka lebaka la litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ​​tlhahlobo ea maikutlo e lekantsoeng e senotse hore khethollo ea hloko e etsahala ntle le thobalano maemong a matšoao a IPD. Liphetho li tšehetsa likhopolo tsa mohopolo oa I-PACE mabapi le tšusumetso ea likhakanyo tse amanang le bokhoba ba taolo ebile li lumellana le lithuto tse buang ka taba ea ho tseba hape le ho lakatsa litsietsing tsa tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi.

41) Mosebetsi oa ho fetola li-frontrontal le oa boemo bo tlaasana ba mosebetsi oa nako nakong ea mosebetsi oa Stroop ho Batho ba nang le bothata ba ho ba le maikutlo a tsitsitseng (Hypersexual behavior)Seok le Sohn, 2018) - [taolo e futsanehileng ea phethahatso- ts'ebetso e mpe ea PFC]. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Bopaki bo felletseng bo bonts'a kamano pakeng tsa mathata a boitšoaro bo feteletseng (PHB) le taolo e tlase ea taolo. Lithuto tsa kliniki li bontšitse hore batho ka bomong ba nang le PHB ba bonts'a maemo a phahameng a ho hloka toka; Leha ho le joalo, ha ho tsejoe hanyane mabapi le mekhoa ea ho sebetsa e sa sebetseng hantle ea taolo ea PHB. Phuputso ena e fuputse likarolo tsa neural amanang le taolo e phahameng ho batho ba nang le PHB le taolo e phetseng hantle ba sebelisa liketsahalo tse amanang le tšebetso tse amanang le matla a amanang le boselamose (fMRI).

Batho ba mashome a mabeli a metso e meraro ba nang le PHB le barupeluoa ba 22 ba phetseng hantle ba sebelisitse fMRI ha ba ntse ba etsa mosebetsi oa Stroop. Nako ea karabelo le litekanyetso tsa liphoso li ile tsa lekanngoa e le lipontšo tsa surrogate tsa taolo e kholo. Batho ba nang le PHB ba bonts'itse ts'ebetso e sa sebetseng ea ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso e tlase ho dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) le infort parietal cortex e amanang le taolo e phetseng hantle nakong ea mosebetsi oa Stroop. Ntle le moo, likarabo tse itšetlehileng ka oksijene ea mali libakeng tsena li ne li amahanngoa hampe le ho teba ha PHB. DLPFC e nepahetseng le parietal cortex e tlase e amahanngoa le taolo e phahameng ea taolo ea kelello le tlhokomelo ea pono, ka ho latellana. Seo re se fumaneng se fana ka maikutlo a hore batho ba nang le PHB ba fokotse taolo e phahameng ea ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso e senyehileng ho DLPFC e nepahetseng le cortex e tlase, e fana ka motheo oa neural bakeng sa PHB.

42) Tšoaro le boikutlo bo feteletseng ba bo-'mè ba nang le tšekamelo ea ho sheba Inthaneteng-litšoantšo tsa bootsoa-sebelisa bothata (Antons & Brand, 2018) - [Litakatso tse matlafalitsoeng, boemo bo phahameng le boits'oaro]. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Liphello li bontša hore boitšoaro bo bobe bo amana le matšoao a phahameng a ho sebelisa Inthanete-litšoantšo tsa bootsoa-ho sebelisa bothata (IPD). Haholo-holo banna ba nang le mekhoa e metle ea ho ba le tšusumetso e matla le ho ba le tšusumetso e mpe ea boemo bo hlephileng boemong ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ba mosebetsi oa ho emisa likhukhuni hammoho le ba nang le litakatso tse matla ba bona ba bontšitse matšoao a matla a IPD.

Liphello li bontša hore mekhoa e mabeli le boikutlo ba naha bo phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele ea IPD. Ho ea ka mekhoa e mabeli ea mekhoa ea ts'ebetso lemalla ntho, liphello e ka 'na ea e-ba pontšo ea ho se leka-lekane pakeng tsa mekhoa e tsitsitseng le e bonahalang e ka bakoang ke boitsebiso ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Sena se ka fella ka ho lahleheloa ke taolo ho Internet-litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li sebelisa le hoja li e-ba le liphello tse mpe.

43) Likarolo tsa ho se tsotelle le likarolo tse amanang le tsona li khetholla pakeng tsa ho ithabisa le ho sa sebelisoe ka molao ho litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa Inthanete (Stephanie et al., 2019) - [litakatso tse matlafatsang, ho fokotseha ho hoholoanyane (boipaketsi), tloaelo]. Litlhaloso tse latelang:

Ka lebaka la tlhaho ea eona e tsotehang haholo, litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tsa Inthanete (IP) ke sepheo se reretsoeng esale pele bakeng sa boitšoaro bo hlephileng. Lisebelisoa tse amanang le ts'oaetso e 'nile ea khetholloa e le ba khothalletsang boitšoaro bo hlephileng. Phuputsong ena, re ne re batlisisa mekhoa ea boikhohomoso (tšekamelo ea ho hloka boikutlo, ho lieha ho theola, le mokhoa oa ho nahanisisa), ho lakatsa ho IP, boikutlo mabapi le IP, le ho sebetsana le mekhoa ho batho ba nang le mekhoa ea ho ithabisa-ka linako tse ling, ea boithabiso le e sa sebelisoang ka molao. Lihlopha tsa batho ba nang le ts'ebeliso ea boithabiso le ka linako tse ling (n = 333), tšebeliso ea boithabiso-khafetsa (n = 394), le ts'ebeliso e sa laoloang (n = 225) ea IP e fumanoe ka lisebelisoa tsa ho hlahloba.

Batho ba nang le ts'ebeliso e sa laoloang ba bonts'itse lintlha tse phahameng ka ho fetesisa tsa takatso, ho tsotella maikutlo, ho lieha ho theola litheko, le ho sebetsana hampe le maemo a tlase bakeng sa ho sebetsana ka katleho le tlhoko ea tlhoko. Liphetho li bonts'a likarolo tse ling tsa ho se ts'oenyehe le lintho tse amanang le tsona tse kang ho lakatsa le maikutlo a mabe haholo li totobetse ho basebelisi ba IP ba sa laoloang. Liphetho li boetse li tsamaellana le mefuta ea mathata a itseng a ts'ebeliso ea Marang-rang le boits'oaro bo lemalloang…

Ntle le moo, batho ba sebelisang IP e sa laoloang ba ne ba na le maikutlo a mabe mabapi le IP ha ba bapisoa le basebelisi ba khafetsa. Sephetho sena se ka fana ka maikutlo a hore batho ba nang le ts'ebeliso e sa laoloang ea IP ba na le tšusumetso e kholo kapa ba khothalletse ho sebelisa IP, leha ba kanna ba ba le maikutlo a fosahetseng ka tšebeliso ea IP, mohlomong hobane ba se ba bile le litlamorao tse mpe tse amanang le mokhoa oa bona oa tšebeliso ea IP. Sena se tsamaisana le mohopolo oa tšusumetso ea matla a ho susumetsa (khothatso).Berridge le Robinson, 2016), e leng tlhahiso ea ho fetoha ho tloha ho lakatsa le ho batla nakong ea tahi.

Phello e 'ngoe e thahasellisang ke hore boholo ba pheliso ea liteko tsa post-hoc ka metsotso e' ngoe le e 'ngoe ka nako, ha ho bapisoa le basebelisi ba sa sebelisoang ka molao ba sebelisang boithabiso-khafetsa, e ne e le ho feta ha e bapisoa le lebelo ka beke. Sena se ka 'na sa bontša hore batho ba nang le IP e sa sebelisoang ka molao ba na le mathata a ho khaotsa ho shebella IP nakong ea thuto kapa ba hloka nako e telele ho finyella moputso o lakatsehang, o ka bapisoang le mofuta oa mamello ka mathata a sebelisoang ke lithethefatsi. Sena se lumellana le liphello tsa tlhahlobo ea diary, tse senole hore likhao tsa bootsoa ke e 'ngoe ea boitšoaro bo hlahelang ka ho fetisisa bathong ba batlang kalafo ba nang le boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate (Lentsoeecha et al., 2018).

44) Atamela ho khethollo e makatsang ho liithuti tsa koleche ea banna ba sebelisang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (Skyler le ba bang., 2019) - [khethollo ea katamelo e ntlafalitsoeng (sensitization)]. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Liphetho li tšehetsa khopolo-taba ea hore baithuti ba banna le basali ba koleche ba sebelisang litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ba potlakela ho atamela ho feta ho qoba tšusumetso e mpe nakong ea mosebetsi oa AAT… .. Liphuputso tsena li tsamaellana le mesebetsi e 'maloa ea SRC e fanang ka maikutlo a hore batho ba lemalloang ba bonts'a tloaelo ea ho atamela ho feta ho qoba tšusumetso e lemalloang (Bradley et al., 2004; Field et al., 2006, 2008).

Ka kakaretso, liphuputso li fana ka maikutlo a hore mokhoa oa ho lemalla lithethefatsi e ka ba karabelo e potlakileng kapa e ikemiselitseng ho feta ho qoba, e ka hlalosoang ke tšebelisano-'moho ea litšekamelo tse ling tsa boits'oaro mekhoeng e lemalloang .... likhahla tse ngata, tse bontšang hore bothata bo boholo ba tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro bo matlafala, ho ba matla le ho feta mokhoa oa ho ts'oara maikutlo a litšila. Mokhatlo ona o ile oa ts'ehetsoa hape ke liphetho tse bontšang hore batho ba nang le bothata ba ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro, joalo ka ha li khethiloe ke PPUS, ba bonts'itse leano le fetang la 200% le matla ho feta la ts'oaetso ea thobalano ha ba bapisoa le batho ba se nang bothata ba ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.

Ho fumanoa hammoho, liphello li bontša phapang pakeng tsa lithethefatsi le boitšoaro bo bobe ba boitšoaro (Grant et al., 2010). Litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso (haholo-holo tšebeliso e mpe) li ne li amahanngoa le mekhoa e potlakileng ea tšusumetso ea boetsalibe ho e-na le tšusumetso e sa nkeheng, mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho atamela o tšoanang le o fumanoang ke mathata a ho sebelisa joala (Field et al., 2008; Wiers et al., 2011), tšebeliso ea li-cannabis (Cousijn et al., 2011; Field et al., 2006), le mathata a sebelisoang ke koae (Bradley et al., 2004). Phapang pakeng tsa likarolo tsa tsebo le mekhoa ea methapo ea kutlo ea metsoako e bakoang ke lithethefatsi tse peli le litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso li bonahala li le teng, tse lumellanang le lithuto tsa pele (Kowalewska et al., 2018; Stark et al., 2018).

45) Hypermethylation-amanang le ho fokotseha hoa microRNA-4456 boteng ba hypersexual le tšusumetso e tlisoang ke ho saena hoa oxytocin: Tlhahlobo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea lefu la methapo ea methapo.Bostrom et al a., 2019) - [mohlomong khatello ea kelello e sa sebetseng]. Ithute ka litaba tse nang le bosodoma (bokhoba ba thobalano / thobalano) e tlaleha liphetoho tsa epigenetic tse bonts'ang tse etsahalang ho makhoba a tahi. Liphetoho tsa epigenetic li etsahetse liphatseng tsa lefutso tse amanang le sistimi ea oxytocin (e bohlokoa leratong, tlamo, bokhoba, khatello ea maikutlo, ts'ebetso ea thobalano, jj.). Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Ka tlhahlobo ea mokhatlo oa methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea mali maling, re supa libaka tsa CpG tse ikhethileng le MIR708 le MIR4456, tse khetholloang haholo ke bakuli ba lefu la methapo ea kutlo. Ntle le moo, re bonts'a hore hsamiR- 4456 e amanang le methylation locus cg01299774 e fapana ka mokhoa o fapaneng le ts'ebeliso ea lino tse tahang, e fana ka maikutlo a hore e kanna ea amahanngoa le karolo ea tlatsetso e boneng ho HD.

Ho kenya letsoho ha tsela ea lets'oao la oxytocin le bonts'itsoeng thutong ena ho bonahala ho na le tšusumetso e matla ho litšoaneleho tse ngata tse hlalosang HD joalo ka ha ho boletsoe ke Kafka et al. [1], joalo ka takatso ea thobalano, ho qobelloa, ho kenella le ts'ebetso ea thobalano.

Qetellong, MIR4456 e na le polelo e tlase haholo ho HD. Boithuto ba rona bo fana ka bopaki ba hore methapo ea DNA sebakeng sa cg01299774 e amana le polelo ea MIR4456. MiRNA ena e lebisa liphatsa tsa lefutso ka mokhoa o ikhethileng liseleng tsa boko le ho kenella lits'ebetsong tse kholo tsa methapo ea methapo eo ho nahanoang hore e sebetsa ho pathogenesis ea HD. Seo re se fumaneng ho tsoa lipatlisisong tsa phetoho ho epigenome se kenya letsoho ho hlakisa mekhoa ea tlhaho ea tlhaho e ka morao ho pathophysiology ea HD ka khatiso e ikhethang ho MIR4456 le karolo ea eona ho molao oa oxetocin.

46) Phapang ea litheko tsa bokhutšoane taolong ea tšusumetso le likhathatso tse lemalloang (Draps et al., 2020) - [hypofrontaility: e theohile pele ho cortex le "anterior cingulate cortex grey taba]. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Mona re bapisa litaba tsa bohloeki (GMVs) ho lihlopha tsohle tsa batho ba nang le ts'oaetso ea tlhekefetso ea thobalano (CSBD), bothata ba papali ea chelete (GD), le bothata ba tšebeliso ea joala (AUD) le ba se nang mathata ana (barupeluoa ba laolehileng ba phetseng hantle; HCs).

Batho ba amehileng (CSBD, GD, AUD) ha ba bapisoa le barupeluoa ba HC ba bonts'itse li-GMV tse nyane polelong e ka pele ea letsoho, ka kotloloho mokokotlong oa orbitofrontal. Phapang e tsebahalang haholo e bonoe lihlopheng tsa GD le AUD, le tse nyane sehlopheng sa CSBD. Ho bile le khokahano e mpe pakeng tsa li-GMV le bokhopo bo tebileng sehlopheng sa CSBD. Bophahamo bo phahameng ba matšoao a CSBD bo ile ba lumellana le ho fokotseha ha GMV ka letsohong le letona la cingrate gyrus.

Phuputso ena ke ea pele e bonts'ang li-GMV tse nyane lihlopheng tse 3 tsa kliniki tsa CSBD, GD le AUD. Seo re se fumaneng se fana ka maikutlo a tšoanang lipakeng tsa taolo e itseng ea taolo ea tšusumetso le litlamorao.

Anterior cingrate cortex (ACC) e kentsoe tšebetsong taolong ea kelello, e ts'ebetso e mpe ea maikutlo [56], [57], ts'ebetso ea ho profeta phoso, ho ithuta moputso [58], [59] le cue-reactivity [60], [34] . Mabapi le CSBD, ts'ebetso ea ACC ha e arabela lithahasello tsa thobalano e ne e hokahane le takatso ea thobalano ho banna ba nang le CSBD [61]. Banna ba nang le CSBD le bona ba bonts'itse khetho e ntlafalitsoeng ea bosholu ba thobalano, e neng e amana le ACC habituation [62]. Hakalo, liphumano tsa morao-rao li atolosa lithuto tsa pele tsa tšebetso ka ho fana ka maikutlo a hore bophahamo ba ACC bo amana haholo le matšoao a CSBD ho banna.

47) Maemo a Plasma Oxytocin a phahameng ho banna ba nang le lefu la Hypersexual Disorder (Jokinen et al., 2020) [karabo ea khatello ea maikutlo] .– Ho tsoa sehlopheng sa lipatlisiso se phatlalalitseng lithuto tse 4 tsa neuro-endocrine tsa pejana ho li-hypersexantu tsa banna (balekane ba botona le botšehali / bootsoa). Hobane oxytocin e ameha karabelong ea rona ea khatello ea maikutlo, maemo a phahameng a mali a ile a hlalosoa e le sesupo sa tsamaiso e fetelletseng ea khatello ea maikutlo ho batho ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate. Sena se fumana hore se hokahana le lithuto tsa mofuputsi oa morao-rao le lithuto tsa methapo tse tlalehang karabelo ea khatello ea maikutlo ho ba sebelisang lithethefatsi hampe. Ho khahlisang, kalafo (CBT) e fokolitse maemo a oxytocin ho bakuli ba hypersexual. Lintlha:

Matšoenyeho a Hypersexual (HD) a kopanyang likarolo tsa mafu a amanang le thobalano, ho lemalla thobalano, ho qobelloa le ho qobelloa ho khothaletsoa e le tlhahlobo ea DSM-5. "Compulsive Sexual Behaeve Disorder" joale e hlahisoa e le boloetse ba khatello ea maikutlo ho ICD-11. Liphuputso tsa morao-rao li bontšitse axis ea HPA axis ho banna ba nang le HD. Oxytocin (OXT) e ama tšebetso ea selekane sa HPA; ha ho lithuto tse lekotseng maemo a OXT ho bakuli ba nang le HD. Hore na kalafo ea CBT ea matšoao a HD e na le phello maemong a OXT ha e so fuputsoe.

Re ile ra lekola maemo a plasma OXT ho Bakuli ba 64 ba banna ba nang le HD le baithaopi ba 38 ba lilemo li XNUMX ba phetseng hantle. Ntle le moo, re ile ra hlahloba likhohlano lipakeng tsa methapo ea OXT ea plasma le matšoao a hlakileng a HD re sebelisa sekala se lekanyang boitšoaro ba hypersexual.

Bakuli ba nang le HD ba ne ba na le maemo a phahameng haholo a OXT ha ba bapisoa le baithaopi ba phetseng hantle. Ho bile le khokahano ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa maemo a OXT le sekala sa litekanyo se lekanyang boitšoaro ba hypersexual. Bakuli ba qetileng kalafo ea CBT ba bile le phokotso e kholo ea maemo a OXT ho tloha kalafo ea kalafo. Liphetho li hlahisa sistimi ea hyperactive oxytonergic ho bakuli ba banna ba nang le khatello ea maikutlo e ka bang mochine o tlatselletsang ho fihlela khatello ea methapo ea mali. Phekolo ea sehlopha sa CBT e atlehileng e ka ba le phello tsamaisong ea hyperactive oxytonergic.

48) Taolo ea thibelo le tšebeliso ea mathata a marang-rang a litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro - Karolo ea bohlokoa ea ho leka-lekanya ea insula (Anton le Brand, 2020) - [mamello kapa tloaelo] - Bangoli ba bolela hore liphetho tsa bona li bonts'a mamello, letšoao la tšebetso ea bokhoba. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Boithuto ba rona ba hona joale bo lokela ho bonoa e le mokhoa oa pele o khothatsang lipatlisiso tsa nako e tlang mabapi le kamano lipakeng tsa mekhoa ea kelello le maano a ho lakatsa, tšebeliso ea mathata a IP, tšusumetso ea ho fetola boitšoaro, le taolo ea thibelo.

E lumellana le lithuto tse fetileng (mohlala, Antons & Brand, 2018; Moetso, Snagowski, Laier, & Maderwald, 2016; Gola et al., 2017; Laier et al., 2013), wo fumane kamano e phahameng lipakeng tsa ho lakatsa ho ikemela le matšoao a tšebeliso ea mathata a ts'ebeliso ea IP maemong ana ka bobeli. Leha ho le joalo, keketseho ea ho lakatsa joalo ka tekanyo ea ho etsa lintho tse ncha hape e ne e sa amane le matšoao a tšebeliso ea mathata a IP, hona ho ka amana le mamello (cf. Wéry le Billieux, 2017) ho fanoe ka hore litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tse sebelisitsoeng thutong ena li ne li sa khethoe ka bomong ho latela likhetho tsa subjective. Ka hona, thepa e ts'oanang ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e sebelisitsoeng e kanna ea se be matla bakeng sa ho ts'oarolla ntlafatso ea cue ho batho ba nang le matšoao a tebileng a amanang le litlamorao tse tlase ho ts'usumetso e matla, e bonts'ang maikutlo a ho hlaka, le ea ho nahana hammoho le bokhoni ba taolo ea thibelo.

Litlamorao tsa mamello le likarolo tse susumetsang li ka hlalosa ts'ebetso e ntle ea taolo ea thibelo ho batho ba nang le matšoao a holimo a neng a amana le ts'ebetso e fapaneng ea ts'ebetso ea ho hlaka le ho bonts'a maikutlo. Taolo e khaotsoeng ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea IP mohlomong e hlahisoa ke tšebelisano lipakeng tsa lits'ebetso tse sa sisinyeheng, tse bonts'ang, le tse hohelang litaba.

Ha ho kopantsoe hammoho, setsi sa bohlokoa joalo ka sebopeho sa senotlolo se emelang ts'ebetso ea ho ahlola litaba se bapala karolo ea bohlokoa taolong ea thibelo ha litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li le teng. Boitsebiso bo fana ka maikutlo a hore batho ba nang le matšoao a phahameng a tšebeliso e mpe ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ea IP ba sebetsa hantle mosebetsing ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea fokotsehile nakong ea ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo le ts'ebetso e eketsehileng nakong ea ts'ebetso ea taolo ea thibelo. Tmokhoa oa hae oa ts'ebetso o kanna oa ipapisa le litlamorao tsa mamello, ke hore, ts'ebeliso e fokolang ea ts'ebetso e sa tsitsang e baka lisebelisoa tse fokolang tsa tsamaiso ea ho nahana le ho bonts'a maikutlo.

Kahoo, phetoho e tlohang ho motho ea qobelloang ho ea boits'oarong bo khothalletsoang ka lebaka la tšebeliso ea mathata a ts'ebeliso ea IP kapa tšusumetso e amanang le "tšireletso" e ka ba e loketseng, molemong oa hore lisebelisoa tsohle li ne li shebane le mosebetsi li be hole le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Boithuto bona bo kenya letsoho kutloisisong e ntle ea taolo e fokotsehileng ea ts'ebeliso ea IP eo mohlomong e seng feela lebaka la ho se lekane pakeng tsa lits'ebetso tse peli empa ts'ebelisano pakeng tsa litsamaiso tse sa qobelloang, tse bonts'ang maikutlo le tse hohelang.

49) Testosterone e tloaelehileng empa litekanyetso tsa Hormone ea Hormone e Phahameng ho banna ba nang le Hypersexual Disorder (2020) - [e ka supa karabelo e sa sebetseng ea khatello ea maikutlo] - Ho tsoa sehlopheng sa lipatlisiso se phatlalalitseng lithuto tse 5 tse fetileng tsa neuro-endocrine mabapi le "hypersexourse" tsa banna (thobalano / makhoba a litšoantšo tsa bootsoa), e senolang khatello ea maikutlo e fetotsoeng, sesupo se seholo sa tahi (1, 2, 3, 4, 5.). Lintlha:

Thutong ena, re fumane hore bakuli ba banna ba nang le HD ha ba na phapang e kholo litekong tsa testosterone tsa plasma ha li bapisoa le baithaopi ba phetseng hantle. Ho fapana le hoo, ba ne ba e-na le LH e phahameng haholo.

HD e kenyelletsa litlhalosong ea eona ea hore boitšoaro bo ka bakoa ke maemo a dysphoric le khatello ea maikutlo,1 mme re kile ra tlaleha dysregulation ka hyperactivity ea axero ea HPA13 hammoho le liphetoho tse amanang le epigenetic ho banna ba nang le HD.

Ho na le tšebelisano e rarahaneng lipakeng tsa HPA le HPG axis, ka bobeli e thabisang hammoho le inhibitory le phapang ho latela sethala sa boko.27 Liketsahalo tse sithabetsang ka lebaka la maqhubu a HPA li ka baka tšitiso ea khatello ea LH le ka lebaka la tlhahiso.27 Litsamaiso tsa 2 li na le litšebelisano tse phetoang, 'me khatello ea maikutlo ea pele e ka fetola likarabo tsa neuroendocrine ka liphetoho tsa epigenetic.

Mechini e reriloeng e ka kenyelletsa tšebelisano ea HPA le HPG, marangrang neural network, kapa thibelo ea taolo e mabapi le taolo ea libaka tsa preortal cortex.32 Qetellong, re tlaleha ka lekhetlo la pele ho eketseha ha maemo a plasma a LH ho banna ba makhopho ha a bapisoa le baithaopi ba phetseng hantle. Liphumano tsena tsa mantlha li kenya letsoho ho matlafatseng lingoliloeng mabapi le ho kenya letsoho ha litsamaiso tsa neuroendocrine le ho bala ka HD.

50) Atamela ho khethollo e makatsang ho baithuti ba kolecheng ea basali ba sebelisang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (2020) [sensitization le ho hloka boithati] - Nboithuto ba euro le kelello ho basebelisi ba porno ba basali ba tlaleha lintho tse sibolotseng tse boneng lithutong tsa bokhoba ba lithethefatsi. Mekhoa e atamelaneng le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (sensitization) le anhedonia (desensitization) li ne li amana hantle le tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa. Boithuto bo boetse bo tlaleha: “hape re fumane kamano e ntle pakeng tsa lintlha tse mpe tsa litekanyetso le lintlha ho SHAPS, e hlalosang anhedonia. Sena se bonts'a hore ha mokhoa oa leeme o batla o ba le tšusumetso e matla, ha ho na thabo e nyane eo motho eo a tlalehileng a bileng le eona“. Ka mantsoe a mang, letšoao la neuropsychological la ts'ebetso ea bokhoba bo amanang le ho hloka thabo (anhedonia). Lintlha:

Mokhoa oa leeme, kapa mokhoa o ikhethileng oa ho tsitsisa 'mele ho e-na le ho tloha hole le ona, ke mohopolo oa bohlokoa o kenyelletsang ts'ebetso ea ho lemoha e kenyelletsang boits'oarong bo bobe. Mehlala e kopaneng ea litabatabelo tse lemalloang e bakoang ke boitšoaro bo sa ts'oaneng ka lebaka la ho se lekane pakeng tsa takatso ea lijo, "e sa susumetse"
lits'oants'o le litsamaiso tse tsamaisang taolo ea. Ho kopanela khafetsa boits'oarong bo bobe ho ka lebisa mekhoeng ea boiketsetso ea boits'oaro eo ho eona batho ka bomong ba atamelang ho e-na le ho qoba tšusumetso e mpe. Phuputso ena e ile ea lekola hore na mokhoa oa ho khetha ho tsosa takatso e mpe o teng ho basali ba lilemo li kopaneng ba tsoang kolecheng ba tlalehang ba sebelisa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.

Barupeluoa ba bontšitse mokhoa o hlakileng oa 24.81 ms bakeng sa tšusumetso e mpe ha e bapisoa le maikutlo a sa nke lehlakore, le t.Mokhoa oa hae oa ho khetholla o lumellana hantle haholo le Mathata a Litšoantšo tsa Bootsoa. Liphumano tsena li tsamaellana le ho eketsa liphumano tse fetileng tse tlaleha mokhoa oa ho susumetsa ka mokhoa o makatsang ho banna ba sebelisang litšoantšo tsa bootsoa khafetsa (Sklenarik et al., 2019; Stark et al., 2017).

Ho feta moo, Lintlha tse amanang le leeme li ne li amana hantle le anhedonia e bontšang hore ha mokhoa o matla oa ho atamela litakatso tse litšila o le matla, anhedonia e neng e bonoa haholoanyane.… ..Sena se bonts'a hore ha mokhoa oa leeme o batla o ba le tšusumetso e matla, ha ho na thabo e nyane eo motho eo a tlalehileng a bileng le eona.

51) Litaba tsa thobalano li fetola ts'ebetso ea ho hopola le ts'ebetso ea kelello ho banna ba nang le boits'oaro bo matla ba thobalano (2020) - [khothatso le tšebetso ea phethahatso e futsanehileng] - Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Boemong ba boitšoaro, bakuli ba ile ba fokotseha ka litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ho latela ts'ebeliso ea bona ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa bekeng e fetileng, e bonts'itsoeng ke ts'ebetso e phahameng ho gyrus ea lingual. Ntle le moo, gyrus ea puo e sebelisitsoeng e bonts'a khokahanyo e phahameng ea ts'ebetso ho insula nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ts'usumetso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa sehlopheng sa bakuli. Ho fapana le hoo, lithuto tse phetseng hantle li ile tsa bonts'a likarabo tse potlakileng ha li kopana le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa feela ka mojaro o mongata oa kelello. Hape, bakuli ba bontšitse memori e ntle bakeng sa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa mosebetsing o khetholloang ka tšohanyetso ha o bapisoa le taolo, o bua ka boleng bo phahameng ba thepa ea bootsoa sehlopheng sa bakuli. Tliphumano tsa hese li tsamaellana le mohopolo oa tšusumetso ea bokhoba, haholo-holo ts'ebetso e hokahantsoeng e phahameng ea marang-rang ea ts'ebetso le insula e le setsi sa bohlokoa le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea puo nakong ea ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ho latela ts'ebeliso ea morao-rao ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.

…. Sena se ka tolokoa ka tsela eo litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li nang le eona (mohlomong ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea ho ithuta) e amanang haholo le bakuli 'me ka hona e etsa hore salience (insula) le marang-rang a tlhokomelo (parietal e tlase), e ntan'o lebisa ho nako e arabelang butle joalo ka ea bohlokoa tlhahisoleseling ha e tšoanele mosebetsi. Ho latela liphumano tsena, motho a ka fihlela qeto ea hore, bakeng sa lithuto tse bonts'ang CSB, litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso li na le tšusumetso e mpe haholo ka hona li lula li le holimo. Kamora nako, datha e tšehetsa IST ea bokhoba ba tahi ho CSB.

52) Boleng ba moputso bo ikhethileng ba takatso ea thobalano bo bontšitsoe ho criex ea motho le orbitofrontal cortex (2020) - [tlhokomeliso] - Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

E ne e le holimo ka taba e lekantseng sekotjana sa VSS mabapi le ho tsosa takatso ea botona kapa botšehali, ketso e phahameng eo re e fumaneng ho NAcc, nucleus ea caudate le OFC nakong ea pono ea VSS. Ntle le moo, tkhokahano lipakeng tsa litekanyetso tsa motho ea amanang le thobalano le NAcc hammoho le ts'ebetso ea li-caudate ea li-caudate e ne e le matla ha lithuto li tlaleha matšoao a eketsehileng a tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ka mokhoa o lekantsoeng ke s-IATsex

Liphapang tsena ka bomong tsa ho khetha ho khetha mokhoa oa ho khetha li ka emela mochine o arabelang ts'ebeliso e mpe ea ts'ebeliso ea VSS e fumanoeng ke batho ba bang. Ha rea ​​fumana setsoalle sa NAcc le ts'ebetso ea Caudate feela le litekanyetso tsa botona le botšehali nakong ea ho shebella VSS empa matla a mokhatlo ona a ne a le matla ha taba eo e ne e tlaleha tšebeliso e mpe ea tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (PPU). Sephetho se ts'ehetsa ts'oaetso, e reng boleng bo khothalletsang likarabo ho NAcc le caudate li khetholla ka mokhoa o matla lipakeng tsa tšusumetso e ratoang, ho feta ha thuto e ba le PPU. Sena se holisa lithuto tsa nako e fetileng, moo PPU e hokahaneng le karabelo e phahameng ea maikutlo ho VSS ha e bapisoa le boemo ba taolo kapa bo sa rateheng [29,38]. Phuputso e le 'ngoe, hape e sebelisang mosebetsi oa SID, e fumane tšebetso e eketsehang ea NAcc e amanang le PPU e eketsehang nakong ea karolo ea tebello feela [41]. Liphetho tsa rona li bonts'a hore phello e ts'oanang, e reng, e fetotsoeng ts'usumetso ea ts'usumetso ea ts'usumetso e amanang le PPU, le eona e ka fumaneha karolong ea pelehi, empa ha feela khetho ea motho ka mong e tsotelloa. Phapang e ntseng e eketseha ea matšoao a boleng bo khothalletsang ho NAcc e ka bonts'a tlhoko e ntseng e eketseha ea ho batla le ho khetholla VSS e ratoang nakong ea nts'etsopele ea bokhoba ba taolo.

Kaha liphetho tsena li ka phetoa, li ka ba le litlamorao tsa bohlokoa tsa bongaka. Phapang e ntseng e eketseha ea matšoao a boleng ba tšusumetso e ka hokahana le keketseho ea nako e sebelisitsoeng ho batla lintho tse matlafatsang haholo, tseo hamorao li lebisang ho mathata litabeng tsa bophelo ba motho kapa ba setsebi le mahlomola ka lebaka la boitšoaro bona.

53) Li-Neuroscience tsa Puisano ea Bophelo: Tlhatlhobo ea fNIRS ea Prefrontal Cortex le Ts'ebeliso ea Litšoantšo ho Basali ba Bacha bakeng sa Nts'etsopele ea Mananeo a Thibelo ea Bophelo (2020) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Liphetho li bonts'a hore ho shebella sekhechana sa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro (vs. v. Clip clip) ho baka ts'ebetsong ea sebaka sa Brodmann sa 45 ea hemisphere e nepahetseng. Phello e boetse e hlaha lipakeng tsa boemo ba ts'ebeliso e itlalehang le ts'ebeliso ea BA 45 e nepahetseng: boemo bo phahameng ba ts'ebeliso e itlalehang, ts'ebetso e kholo. Ka hlakoreng le leng, bankakarolo bao ho seng mohla ba kileng ba sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa bootsoa ha ba bontše ts'ebetso ea BA 45 e nepahetseng ha e bapisoa le sekhechana sa taolo (se bontšang phapang ea boleng lipakeng tsa bao e seng bareki le bareki). Liphetho tsena li tsamaellana le lipatlisiso tse ling tse entsoeng lebaleng la lithethefatsi. Ho nahanoa hore sistimi ea seipone ea neuron e kanna ea ameha, ka mochini oa kutloelo-bohloko, o ka bakang maikutlo a khahlisang.

54) Liketsahalo tse amanang le ketsahalo ketsahalong e 'meli ea oddball ea boits'oaro bo fosahetseng ba boits'oaro har'a banna ba nang le tloaelo ea ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ka cybersex (2020) - Litlhaloso tse hlahang:

Taolo ea boits'oaro bo sa sebetseng ea boits'oaro (BIC) e tsejoa e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa boits'oarong ba lithethefatsi. Leha ho le joalo, lipatlisiso ha lia tsebahala mabapi le hore na ho joalo le ka bokhoba ba ts'oaetso ea cybersex. Phuputso ena e ne e ikemiselitse ho etsa lipatlisiso ka nako ea BIC ho banna ba nang le tloaelo ea ho lemalla ho ts'oaroa ha cybersex (TCA) ba sebelisa menyetla e amanang le ketsahalo (ERPs) le ho fana ka bopaki ba neurophysiological ba BIC ea bona e haelloang.

Batho ba nang le TCA ba ne ba e-na le tšusumetso e matla ho feta barupeluoa ba HC mme ba arolelana litšobotsi tsa neuropsychological le ERP tsa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi kapa litloaelo tsa boitšoaro, tse tšehetsang maikutlo a hore bokhoba ba cybersex bo ka nkuoa e le bokhoba ba boitšoaro..

Ka khopolo, liphetho tsa rona li bonts'a ho lemalla ts'oaetso ea cybersex ho tšoana le ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi le ts'oaetso ea taolo ea maikutlo ho latela ho se ts'oenyehe maemong a elektrophisi le boits'oaro. Seo re se fumaneng se ka baka moferefere o phehellang mabapi le monyetla oa ho lemalla ts'oaetso ea cybersex e le mofuta o mocha oa lefu la kelello.

55) Taba e tšoeu e mabapi le tlhekefetso ea tlhekefetso ea thobalano - Boithuto bo thata ba ho nahana ka Tensor - Bthuto ea ho lekola pula ha e bapisoa le sebopeho sa litaba tse tšoeu tsa bootsoa / thobalano (CSBD) ho laola. Phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa taolo le lithuto tsa CSB. Litemana tse qotsitsoeng:

Ena ke e 'ngoe ea lithuto tsa pele tsa DTI tse lekolang phapang lipakeng tsa bakuli ba nang le Bothata ba Likhatello tsa Thobalano e Khopisang le taolo e nepahetseng. Tlhahlobo ea rona e senotse phokotso ea FA libakeng tse tšeletseng tsa boko lihloohong tsa CSBD, ha li bapisoa le taolo. Lipampitšana tse khethollang li fumanoe cerebellum (mohlomong ho ne ho e-na le likarolo tsa pampitšana e tšoanang ho cerebellum), karolo ea retrolenticular ea capsule e ka hare, corona radiata e bohareng le taba e tšoeu ea gipus e bohareng kapa ea morao.

Lintlha tsa rona tsa DTI li bonts'a hore li-neural correlates tsa CSBD lia kopana le libaka tse tlalehiloeng pejana lingoliloeng joalo ka ha li amana ka bobeli, ho lemalla lithethefatsi le OCD (bona sebaka se khubelu ho Feie. 3). Kahoo, thuto ea hajoale e bonts'a ho ts'oana ha bohlokoa lipheong tse arolelanoeng tsa FA lipakeng tsa CSBD le OCD ka bobeli le lithethefatsi.

56) Ts'ebetso ea thobalano e liehang ho skena: Taba ea thobalano le ts'ebetso ea moputso, le likhokahano tsa tšebeliso e mpe ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le ts'usumetso ea thobalano - Lintho tse fumanoeng ha li lumellane le mokhoa oa ho lemalla lithethefatsi (cue-reactivity).

Liphetho tsa banna ba 74 li bontšitse hore libaka tsa boko tse amanang le moputso (amygdala, dorsal cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, thalamus, putamen, caudate nucleus, le insula) li ile tsa ts'oaroa haholo ke livideo tsa bootsoa le lits'oants'o tsa bootsoa ho feta ka laola livideo le ho laola likarolo, ka ho latellana. Leha ho le joalo, ha rea ​​fumana kamano lipakeng tsa lits'ebetso tsena le lits'oants'o tsa ts'ebeliso e thata ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ​​nako e sebelisitsoeng ho sebelisoa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ​​kapa ka tšusumetso ea thobalano.

Leha ho le joalo, bangoli baa lumela hore ke ba fokolang, haeba e le efe ea litaba, bao e neng e le makhoba a litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.

Puisano le liqeto: Ketsahalo ea likarolo tsa boko tse amanang le moputso ho tse peli tsa thobalano hammoho le lintlha li bonts'a hore ntlafatso ea Ts'ebetso ea Ts'ebetso ea Ts'ebetso ea thobalano e atlehile. Mohlomong, Mekhatlo lipakeng tsa ts'ebetso ea kelello e amanang le moputso le lits'oants'o tsa ts'ebeliso ea mathata a amanang le litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro e ka hlaha feela ka mehlala e nang le maemo a eketsehang eseng sampoleng e phetseng hantle e sebelisitsoeng thutong ea joale.

Bangoli ba bua ka cue-reactivity (sensistization) litlamong tse ling

Ho khahlisang ke hore le litlamong tse amanang le lithethefatsi liphetho tse mabapi le Khopolo ea Khothatso ea Khothatso ha li lumellane. Liphuputso tse 'maloa tsa meta li bonts'itse ts'ebetso e eketsehileng ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso tsamaisong ea moputso (Chase, Eickhoff, Laird, & Hogarth, 2011; Kühn & Gallinat, 2011b; Schacht, Anton, & Myrick, 2012), Empa lithuto tse ling li sitiloe ho netefatsa liphuputso tsena (Engelmann et al., 2012; Lin et al., 2020; Zilberman, Lavidor, Yadid, & Rassovsky, 2019). Hape bakeng sa ho lemalla boitšoaro boitšoaro bo phahameng bo fumanehang marang-rang a meputso ea lithuto tse lemalloang ha li bapisoa le lithuto tse phetseng hantle bo fumanoe feela lithutong tse fokolang joalo ka ha ho akaretsoa tlhahlobisong ea morao-rao ke Antons le ba bang. (2020). Ho latela kakaretso ena, ho ka etsoa qeto ea hore ho ts'oaroa ha bokhoba ba tahi ho hlophisitsoe ke lintlha tse 'maloa tse kang lintlha ka bomong le lintlha tse ikhethileng tsa ho ithuta (Jasinska et al., 2014). Liphetho tsa rona tsa zero mabapi le likamano lipakeng tsa ts'ebetso ea bokhachane le lisosa tsa kotsi tsa CSBD le tsona li ka bakoa ke taba ea hore le sampole ea rona e kholo re ka nahana feela ka likhetho tse nyane tse ka susumetsang. Ho hlokahala lithuto tse ling tse kholo ho etsa toka ho tse ngata. Mabapi le moralo, mohlala, mokhoa oa kutlo oa maikutlo kapa ho khetholla likhopolo ho ka ba bohlokoa (Jasinska et al., 2014).

57) Ha ho na bopaki ba ho fokotsa ho fumaneha ha li-receptor tsa D2 / 3 le hypoperfusion e ka pele ho batho ba nang le ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro (2021)

Litekanyetso tsa Cerebral R1 libakeng tse ka pele tsa boko le litekanyo tsa phallo ea mali ea boko li ne li sa fapane pakeng tsa lihlopha.

58) Aberrant orbitofrontal cortex reactivity ho lintlha tse tsosang takatso ho Compulsive Sexual Behaeve Disorder (2021)- [sensitization - cue-reactivity e kholo ho ventral striatum le anterior orbitofrontal cortex ho batho ba lemaletseng litšoantšo tsa bootsoa ha ho bapisoa le taolo e phetseng hantle]

Mokhoa o sebetsang o bonoang lihloohong tsa CSBD tse nang le li-cortices tse phahameng tsa parietal, gyrus ea supramarginal, gyrus ea pre-post le postcentral, le basal ganglia e kanna ea supa ho matlafatsoa (ha ho bapisoa le taolo e phetseng hantle) ho ela hloko, ho etsa lintho tse ling, le boitokisetso ba makoloi ho atamela le ho felisa moputso (batla) ho CSBD e hlahisoang ke lintlha tse boletsoeng esale pele (Locke & Braver, 2008Hirose, Nambu, & Naito, 2018). Sena se tsamaellana le khopolo ea khothatso ea ho lemalla bokhoba (Robinson le Berridge, 2008le tlhaiso-leseling e teng mabapi le boits'oaro-boits'oaro ka boits'oaro bo hlephileng (Ke Tla Tseba Joang 2018Gola, Wordecha, et al., 2017Kowalewska le al., 2018Kraus et al., 2016bPotenza et al., 2017Stark, Klucken, Potenza, Brand, & Strahler, 2018Voon et al., 2014) ....

Habohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke hore, ka liphetho tsa tlhahlobo ea ROI, mosebetsi ona o holisa liphetho tse phatlalalitsoeng pejana (Gola, Wordecha, et al., 2017) ka ho bontša seo ea karabelo e phahameng ea ho potoloha ha meputso ho meputso e litšila ho CSBD ha e etsahale feela ho ventral striatum mohatong oa tebello ea moputso empa hape le ho anterior orbitofrontal cortex (aOFC). Ntle le moo, tšebetso e tikolohong ena e bonahala e its'etleha hodima monyetla oa moputso. Phetoho ea lets'oao la BOLD e ne e phahame ho batho ba CSBD ho feta ka taolo e phetseng hantle, haholoholo bakeng sa litekanyetso tse tlase tse ka bang teng, tse ka supang hore menyetla e tlase ea ho fumana moputso o tsosang takatso ha e fokotse tšusumetso e fetelletseng ea boits'oaro e susumetsoang ke boteng ba meputso e litšila.

Ho ipapisitsoe le data ea rona, ho kanna ha hlahisoa hore aOFC e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho fapakaneng bokhoni bo ikhethang ba mefuta ea meputso e itseng ho susumetsa boits'oaro ba ho batla moputso ho bankakarolo ba CSBD. Ebile, karolo ea OFC e kentsoe letsoho mefuteng ea methapo ea kutlo ea boitšoaro bo lemalloang.

59) Bopaki ba Electrophysiological ba leeme la pele la ho ela hloko litšoantšo tsa thobalano ho batho ba nang le tšekamelo ea ho lemalla cybersex (2021) [boikutlo ba maikutlo / cue reactivity and habituation/deensitization] Boithuto bo hlahlobile boits'oaro ba makhoba a bootsoa (linako tsa karabelo) le likarabelo tsa boko (EEG) ho litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le tse sa nke lehlakore. Tumellanong le Mechelmans et al. (2014) ka holimo, thuto ena e fumane hore batho ba lemaletseng bootsoa ba na le tse kholoanyane mathoasong a leeme la ho ela hloko maikutlo a thobalano. Ntho e ncha ke hore thuto ena e fumane bopaki ba neurophysiological ba sena mathoasong a leeme la ho ela hloko mats'oao a amanang le bokhoba. Mantsoe a qotsitsoeng:

Khopolo ea khothatso ea khothatso e 'nile ea sebelisoa ho hlalosa leeme la tlhokomelo ho batho ba nang le mathata a itseng a bokhoba ba tahi.Tšimo le Cox, 2008Robinson le Berridge, 1993). Khopolo ena e fana ka maikutlo a hore tšebeliso e pheta-phetoang ea lithethefatsi e eketsa karabelo ea dopaminergic, e etsa hore e be bonolo haholoanyane le e susumetsang. Sena se tsosa boitšoaro ba batho ba lemalloang ka takatso ea ho utloa liphihlelo tse hlahisoang ka lebaka la maqheka a amanang le bokhoba ba tahi.Robinson le Berridge, 1993). Ka mor'a phihlelo e pheta-phetoang ea tšusumetso e fanoeng, mats'oao a amanang a fetoha a hlaheletseng le a hohelang, kahoo a hapa tlhokomelo. Liphuputso tsa phuputso ena li bontšitse hore [makhoba a bootsoa] ha e le hantle a hlahisitse tšitiso e matla ho ahlolang mebala ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse amanang le thobalano tse amanang le ho se nke lehlakore. Bopaki bona bo tšoana le liphetho tse tlalehiloeng mabapi le lintho tse amanang le lithethefatsi (Asmaro et al., 2014Della Libera et al., 2019) le boitšoaro bo sa amaneng le lithethefatsi, ho kenyeletsoa boitšoaro ba thobalano (Pekal et al., 2018Sklenarik, Potenza, Gola, Kor, Kraus, & Astur, 2019Wegmann le Brand, 2020).

Sephetho sa rona se secha ke hore batho ba nang le [bokhoba ba bootsoa] ba bonts'itse phetoho ea pele ea P200 e amanang le tšusumetso e sa nke lehlakore ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea thobalano. Sephetho sena se lumellana le sa Mechelmans et al. (2014), ea tlalehileng barupeluoa ba nang le boitšoaro bo qobelloang ba thobalano bo bonts'ang leeme le leholo mabapi le thobalano e totobetseng ho feta tšusumetso ea ho se nke lehlakore, haholo-holo nakong ea morao-rao ea tšusumetso (ke hore, karabelo ea khale ea ho lebisa tlhokomelo). P200 e amahanngoa le ts'ebetso e tlase ea ts'usumetso (Crowley & Colrain, 2004). Kahoo, liphuputso tsa rona tsa P200 li bonts'a hore phapang lipakeng tsa ts'usumetso ea thobalano le ho se nke lehlakore e ka khetholloa ke batho ba nang le [bokhoba ba bootsoa] maemong a pele a tlhokomelo nakong ea ts'ebetso e tlase ea ts'usumetso. Li-amplitudes tse ntlafalitsoeng tsa P200 bakeng sa tšusumetso ea thobalano sehlopheng sa [ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa] se bonahala e le boitlamo bo matlafalitsoeng ba tlhokomelo hobane matla a lintho tsena a ntse a eketseha. Lithuto tse ling tsa bokhoba ba ERP li senotse liphuputso tse tšoanang, e leng hore khethollo ea mats'oao a amanang le bokhoba e qala methating ea pele ea ts'ebetso ea ts'usumetso (mohlala, Kejs et al., 2010Versace, Minnix, Robinson, Lam, Brown, & Cinciripini, 2011Yang, Zhang, & Zhao, 2015).

Nakong ea morao-rao, mohato o laoloang le ho feta oa leeme la tlhokomelo, phuputso ena e ile ea fumana amplitude e tlaase ea LPP ho batho ba lemaletseng bootsoa (sehlopha se phahameng sa TCA). Bafuputsi ba fana ka maikutlo a ho itloaetsa / deensitization e le litlhaloso tse ka khonehang bakeng sa phumano ena. Ho tsoa lipuisanong:

Sena se ka hlalosoa ka litsela tse 'maloa. Taba ea pele, makhoba a cybersex a ka ba le tloaelo ea ho ba le litšoantšo tse khutsitseng. Ka ho ata ha litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro Inthaneteng, basebelisi ba kamehla ba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ba inthaneteng ba atisa ho shebella lifilimi le livideo tse khutšoanyane ho feta litšoantšo tse ntseng li le teng. Ka lebaka la hore livideo tsa bootsoa li hlahisa maikutlo a phahameng a 'mele le a maikutlo ho feta litšoantšo tse hlakileng tsa thobalano, litšoantšo tse tsitsitseng li etsa hore batho ba se ke ba arabela ka thobalano. (Ka bobeli, Spiering, Everaerd, & Laan, 2004). Ea bobeli, ts'usumetso e matla e ka baka liphetoho tse kholo tsa neuroplastic (Kühn le Gallinat, 2014). Haholo-holo, ho shebella litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro kamehla ho fokotsa boholo ba taba e bohlooho ho dorsal striatum, sebaka se amanang le ho tsosoa ha thobalano. (Arnow et al., 2002).

60) Liphetoho ho oxytocin le vasopressin ho banna ba nang le bothata ba ho sebelisa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa: Karolo ea kutloelo-bohloko. [karabelo e sa sebetseng ea khatello ea maikutlo] Lipotso:

liphuputso li fana ka maikutlo a liphetoho tse 'maloa tšebetsong ea neuropeptide ho PPU le ho bonts'a likhokahano tsa bona ho theola kutloelo-bohloko le matšoao a matla a kelello. Ho feta moo, liphuputso tsa rona li fana ka maikutlo a likamano tse khethehileng pakeng tsa matšoao a kelello, AVP, oxytocin, kutloelo-bohloko le litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tse amanang le hypersexuality, le ho utloisisa likamano tsena ho ka thusa ho tataisa mehato ea bongaka ....

Leha e le preclinical Lithuto li bonts'a khafetsa liphetoho ts'ebetsong ea oxytocin le AVP mefuteng ea liphoofolo tsa bokhoba, ha ho thuto ea pele ea batho e lekileng ho kenya letsoho ha bona ho batho ba nang le PPU. Liphetho tsa hajoale li fana ka maikutlo a liphetoho ho oxytocin le AVP ho banna ba nang le PPU joalo ka ha ho hlalositsoe maemong a mantlha, lipaterone tsa reactivity, ho leka-lekana ha neuropeptide, le likhokahano le thobalano e amanang le bootsoa..

61) Likhokahano tsa Neural le tsa boits'oaro tsa tebello ea ts'usumetso ea thobalano li supa mekhoa e kang ea bokhoba ba boits'oaro bo qobelloang ba boitšoaro ba thobalano (2022) [sensitization] Boithuto bona ba fMRI bo fumane hore makhoba a bootsoa / thobalano (bakuli ba CSBD) ba na le boits'oaro bo sa tloaelehang le ts'ebetso ea boko nakong. ho lebella ho shebella litšoantšo tsa bootsoa, ​​​​haholo-holo ho ventral striatum. Ho feta moo, thuto e boetse e fumane batho ba lemaletseng bootsoa / thobalano "batla" porn ho feta, empa ha ho joalo "joaloka" e feta taolo e phetseng hantle. Mantsoe a qotsitsoeng:

Habohlokoa, liphapang tsena tsa boitšoaro li fana ka maikutlo a hore lits'ebetso tse amanang le tebello ea ts'usumetso e tsosang takatso le e seng e tsosang takatso e ka fetoloa ho CSBD mme e ts'ehetsa mohopolo oa hore meputso e amanang le tebello e ts'oanang le ea mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi le bokhoba ba boitšoaro e ka bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho CSBD. , joalo ka ha ho boletsoe pejana (Chatzittofis et al., 2016Gola et al., 2018Jokinen et al., 2017Kowalewska et al., 2018Mechelmans et al., 2014Politis et al., 2013Schmidt et al., 2017Sinke et al., 2020Voon et al., 2014). Sena se ile sa tšehetsoa ka ho eketsehileng ke taba ea hore ha rea ​​ka ra bona phapang mesebetsing e meng ea kelello e lekanyang ho nka kotsi le ho laola maikutlo, ho hanyetsa khopolo ea hore mekhoa e tloaelehileng e amanang le khatello ea kelello e sebetsa (Norman et al., 2019Mar, Townes, Pechlivanoglou, Arnold, & Schachar, 2022). Hoa thahasellisa hore tekanyo ea boitšoaro ΔRT e amana hampe le matšoao a hypersexuality le khatello ea thobalano, e bontšang hore liphetoho tse amanang le tebello ea boitšoaro li eketseha hammoho le matšoao a CSBD a matla ....

Liphuputso tsa rona li fana ka maikutlo a hore CSBD e amahanngoa le mekhoa e fetotsoeng ea boitšoaro ea tebello, e amanang le ts'ebetso ea VS nakong ea tebello ea maikutlo a tsosang takatso. Liphuputso li tšehetsa khopolo ea hore mekhoa e ts'oanang le ea ho lemalla lithethefatsi le boitšoaro e bapala karolo ea CSBD 'me e fana ka maikutlo a hore ho hlophisoa ha CSBD e le bothata ba ho laola maikutlo ho ka phehisana khang ho latela liphuputso tsa neurobiological.

62) Khokahano ea Ts'ebetso ho Bothata ba Boitšoaro bo Kopanetsoeng ba Thobalano - Tlhahlobo e Felletseng ea Lingoliloeng le Boithuto ka Banna ba Heterosexual (2022) [tlhaloso]

Re fumane fc e ntseng e eketseha pakeng tsa gyrus e ka tlaase e ka pele le polare ea ka ho le letona le polare, insula e ka ho le letona le le letšehali, ka ho le letona Supplementary Motor Cortex (SMA), parietal operculum e nepahetseng, le pakeng tsa gyrus ea supramarginal le lets'oao le letona la planum polare, le pakeng tsa cortex ea orbitofrontal le letšehali. le letšehali ha ho bapisoa CSBD le HC. Fc e fokotsehileng e ile ea bonoa lipakeng tsa gyrus ea temporal e bohareng le letšehali le insula ea linaha tse peli le parietal operculum e ka ho le letona.

Boithuto bona e bile mohlala oa pele o moholo o bonts'ang marang-rang a 5 a sebetsang a kelello a khethollang bakuli ba CSBD le HC.

Marang-rang a sebetsang a boko a khetholla CSBD ho HC mme a fana ka ts'ehetso e itseng bakeng sa khothatso ea khothatso e le mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa matšoao a CSBD.

63) Liphapang tsa boko bo amanang le boits'oaro bo qobelloang ba thobalano (2023)

CSBD e amahanngoa le ho se tšoane ha boko ba sebopeho, e leng se tlatsetsang kutloisisong e ntle ea CSBD le ho khothalletsa litlhaloso tse eketsehileng tsa mekhoa ea methapo ea methapo e bakoang ke lefu lena.

Matšoao a CSBD a ne a le matla le ho feta ho batho ba nang le mefuta e fapaneng ea cortical.

Liphetho tse tsoang lithutong tse fetileng le thuto ea hajoale li lumellana le mohopolo oa hore CSBD e amahanngoa le liphetoho tsa boko libakeng tse amehang ho khothaletsong, tloaelong, taolong ea ts'usumetso, le ts'ebetso ea meputso.

Liphuputso tsa rona li fana ka maikutlo a hore CSBD e amahanngoa le liphapang tsa boko ba sebopeho. Phuputso ena e fana ka lintlha tsa bohlokoa lefapheng le sa kang la hlahlojoa la bohlokoa ba kliniki le ho khothaletsa litlhaloso tse eketsehileng tsa mekhoa ea methapo ea kutlo e tlas'a CSBD, e leng ntho e hlokahalang bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa liphello tsa phekolo ea nakong e tlang. Liphuputso li ka boela tsa kenya letsoho lipuisanong tse tsoelang pele mabapi le hore na boemo ba hona joale ba CSBD e le bothata ba ho laola maikutlo bo utloahala.

Mmoho lithuto tsena tsa methapo li tlalehiloe:

  1. Boko bo boholo bo amanang le lithethefatsi ba 3 bo fetoha: ho hlohlelletsa, ho hloka boithati, 'me boikaketsi.
  2. Litšoantšo tse ling tsa litšoantšo tse ts'oanang le tsa bootsoa lia kopana le taba e se nang bohlooho potolohong ea moputso (dorsal striatum).
  3. Litšoantšo tse ling tsa litšoantšo tse ts'oanang le litšebeliso tsa bootsoa li tsamaisana hantle le ho ba le moputso o monyenyane oa tšebeliso ea potoloho ha ho sheba litšoantšo tsa thobalano ka bokhutšoanyane
  4. Tšebeliso e mpe ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e hokahane le likhokahano tse senyehileng tsa neural pakeng tsa potoloho ea moputso le cortex ea pele.
  5. Batho ba lemaletseng lits'oaetso ba ne ba e-na le mosebetsi o moholo oa ho kopanela liphate, empa bokooa bo fokolang bo sebetsanang le tšusumetso e tloaelehileng (ho tsuba lithethefatsi).
  6. Litšoantšo tse ts'oanang le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa li amana le ho lieha ho fokotsa chelete (ho sitoa ho lieha ho khotsofatsa). Ena ke pontšo ea ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o bobebe.
  7. 60% ea batho ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate ba lemaletseng ho kopanela liphate thutong e le 'ngoe ba na le li-ED kapa li-libido tse tlase le balekane ba bona, empa eseng le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa: bohle ba boletse hore ts'ebeliso ea porno ea inthanete e bakile ED / low libido ea bona.
  8. Ho ntlafatsa boiketlo ba tlhokomelo e bapisoa le basebelisi ba lithethefatsi. E bontša ho khothaletsoa (sehlahisoa sa DeltaFosb).
  9. Ho batla le ho lakatsa litšoantšo tsa bootsoa haholo, empa eseng ho li rata haholo. Sena se ikamahanya le mofuta o amohelehang oa bokhoba - khothatso ea ho khothatsa.
  10. Batho ba nang le boits'oaro ba bobebe ba na le boikhethelo bo bongata ba ho kopanela liphate empa boko ba bona bo potlakile ka mokhoa o potlakileng litšoantšong tsa thobalano. Ha e e-s'o ka e le teng.
  11. Bacha ba sebelisang litšoantšo tse ts'oanang le ba bang ka ho fetisisa ba e-na le reactivity e bakoang ke mohloli setsing sa moputso.
  12. EEG e phahameng (P300) e baloang ha basebeletsi ba litšoantšo ba bobebe ba pepesehela litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (tse etsahalang lits'etsong tse ling).
  13. Tlhokahalo e fokolang ea ho kopanela liphate le motho ea amanang le khopolo e kholo-ea ho fetola litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.
  14. Ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse ling tse hlephisang boitšoaro ho amana le litekanyo tse tlase tsa LPP ha u shebella lifoto tsa ho kopanela liphate ka bokhutšoanyane: e bontša tloaelo kapa ts'ebeliso ea boithati.
  15. Li-axis tse sa sebetsaneng tsa HPA le ho fetoloa lipotoloho tsa khatello ea kelello, tse hlahisoang ke lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi (le kholo e kholo ea amygdala, e amanang le khatello ea kelello e sa feleng).
  16. Liphetoho tsa Epigenetic liphatseng tsa lefutso tse kenang mohatsong oa batho le khatello ea maikutlo.
  17. Mefuta e phahameng ea Mokokotlo oa Necrosis Factor (TNF) - e leng hape e hlahelang ho sebelisa lithethefatsi hampe le ho lemalla lithethefatsi.
  18. Bofokoli boemong bo botsoa ba nakoana; ho hokahanngoa ho futsanehileng pakeng tsa mekhatlo ea nakoana le libaka tse ling tse ngata.
  19. Ho susumetsoa haholo ke maemo.
  20. Cortex e theohileng ea pele le e kahare ea boea ba grey e bapisoa le taolo e phetseng hantle.
  21. Phokotso ea lintho tse tšoeu ha e bapisoa le taolo e nepahetseng.

Lihlooho tse thathamisang lipatlisiso tse amanang le tsebo le boitsebiso bo fosahetseng:

Tlhahisoleseling e fosahetseng ea debunking:

  1. Gary Wilson o senola 'nete ka lithuto tsa bo-5 tsa ba-propagandists ba qotsa ho ts'ehetsa lipolelo tsa bona tsa hore bokhoba ba bootsoa ha bo eo le hore ts'ebeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa e bohlokoa haholo: Gary Wilson - Patlisiso ea Litšoantšo Tsa Bootsoa: 'Nete kapa Khopolo-taba (2018).
  2. Debunking "Ke Hobane'ng ha re sa Ntšoenyeha ka ho Talima Litšoantšo?? ", E leng Marty Klein, Taylor Kohut le Nicole Prause (2018).
  3. Mokhoa oa ho lemoha Lihlooho tse leeme: Li bua Prause et al. 2015 (ka leshano e re e etsa hore motho a lemalle lithethefatsi tse litšila tse tsosang takatso ea boitšoaro bo bobe), ha a ntse a siea lithuto tse fetang 40 tsa tšebetso ea methapo tse tšehetsang temallo ea porno.
  4. Haeba u batla tlhahlobo ea thuto eo u ke keng ua e fumana leqepheng lena la "Critiques of Questionable & Misleading Studies", sheba leqephe lena: Porn Science Deniers Alliance (AKA: "RealYourBrainOnPorn.com" le "PornographyResearch.com"). E lekola Baetsi ba khoebo ea YBOP'"Leqephe la lipatlisiso," ho kenyeletsa le lithuto tsa bona tse khethiloeng ka makhethe, leeme, ho se be le melao e mengata le thetso.
  5. Na Joshua Grubbs o hula moriri ka mahlo a rona ka lipatlisiso tsa hae tse "tsebang hore o lemalla lit soant so tsa bootsoa"? (2016)
  6. Lipatlisiso li bontša hore Grubbs, Perry, Wilt, tlhahlobo ea Reid ha e nahane ("Litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ka lebaka la ho se tsitsisehe boitšoarong: Mohlala o Kopanetsoeng ka Tlhahlobo e Hlophisitsoeng le Tlhahlobo ea Meta") 2018.
  7. Batho ba Bolumeli ba Sebelisa Litlhako Tse Fosahetseng 'me ha ba sa le Tumelo ea Hore ba Lemalla (2017)
  8. Qeto ea: Lengolo ho mohlophisi "Prause et al. (2015) mokokotlo oa morao-rao oa liketsahalo tsa ho lemalla lithethefatsi"
  9. Hlahloba: Ke mang ea hlalosang hampe saense litšoantšong tsa bootsoa? (2016)
  10. Ho qhekella Justin Lehmiller's “Na ho se sebetse ha Erectile ha e le Hantle ho Tsoha ho Banna Bacha?"(2018)
  11. Ho fana ka "Krunk Taylor"Linnete tse seng kae tse thata mabapi le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa le erectile"(2017)
  12. le Debunking "Na o tshwanela ho tšoenyeha ka ts'ebetso erectile e bakoang ke ho kopanela liphate? ” - ke The Daily Dot's Claire Downs. (2018)
  13. Ho hlakisa sengoloa sa "Men's Health" ke Gavin Evans: "Na ho Talima Litšoantšo Tse Ngata Haholo ho ka U fa Kotsi e Erectile?"(2018)
  14. Kamoo litšoantšo tse tsosang takatso tsa boitšoaro bo hlephileng li senyang ka botlalo kateng, ea Philip Zimbardo, Gary Wilson le Nikita Coulombe (Hlakubele, 2016)
  15. Ho feta litabeng tsa bootsoa: lebela botho ba hao-e leng karabo ho Marty Klein, ka Philip Zimbardo & Gary Wilson (Mmesa, 2016)
  16. Ho senyeha ha karabelo ea David Ley ho Philip Zimbardo: "Re tlameha ho itšetleha ka saense e ntle ho phehisana khang ea litšoantšo"(March, 2016)
  17. Karabelo ea YBOP ho Jim Pfaus "Tšepa rasaense: ho lemalla thobalano ke tšōmo"(January, 2016)
  18. Tlhaloso ea YBOP ho lipolelo ka lehlakoreng la David Ley (January, 2016)
  19. Batho ba nang le thobalano ba latola bootsoa-ba susumelletsa ED ka ho re ho ipholla litho ke bothata (2016)
  20. David Ley o hlasela molumo oa Nofap (May, 2015)
  21. RealYourBrainOnPorn tweets: Daniel Burgess, Nicole Prause & pro-porn allies ba theha webosaete e leeme le liakhaonto tsa litaba tsa sechaba ho tšehetsa ajenda ea indasteri ea bootsoa (ho qala ka Mmesa, 2019).
  22. Boiteko ba Prause ba ho khutsisa Wilson bo ile ba nyopa; taelo ea hae ea thibelo e hanoe e le ntho e sa tsotelleng mme o kolota litefiso tse ngata tsa 'muelli kahlolong ea SLAPP.
  23. Na ho e bitsa ho lemalla lithethefatsi ho kotsi? Video debunking Madita Oeming's "Lebaka Leo ka Lona re Hlokang ho Tlohela Ho e Reetsa Lithethefatsi Tsa Litšoantšo".

Lethathamo la lithuto tse nepahetseng (tse nang le likarolo tse qotsitsoeng):