Boko ba bongoaneng ka joala Liphetoho bo fetoha motho e moholo
April 27, 2015
Ho pepesetsoa joala khafetsa nakong ea bocha ho etsa hore ho be le liphetoho tsa nako e telele sebakeng sa bokong tse laolang ho ithuta le ho hopola, ho latela sehlopha sa lipatlisiso ho Duke Medicine se sebelisitseng mofuta oa litoeba e le surrogate ho batho.
Boithuto bona bo phatlalalitse ka la X XUMUMX ka koranteng Bokhoba ba tahi: Patlisiso ea Bongaka le Boiteko, e fana ka leseli le lecha sethaleng sa sele hore na joang ho hlahella lilemong tsa bocha, pele ho boko e ntlafalitsoe ka botlalo, e ka fella ka tlhekefetso ea cellular le synaptic e nang le litlamorao tse mpe, tse mpe ka boits'oaro.
"Mahlong a molao, hang ha batho ba fihla lilemong tsa 18, ba nkuoa e le batho ba baholo, empa boko bo ntse bo tsoela pele ho hola le ho ntlafatsa ho fihlela bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-20," ho boletse mongoli ea etelletseng pele Mary-Louise Risher, Ph.D ., mofuputsi oa morao-rao lefapheng la Duke of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. "Ho bohlokoa hore bacha ba tsebe hore ha ba noa haholo nakong ena ea kholo, ho ka ba le liphetoho tse ka bang le tšusumetso e sa feleng mohopolong le mesebetsing e meng ea kutloisiso."
Risher le basebetsi mmoho le yena, ho kenyeletsoa le mongoli e moholo Scott Swartzwelder, Ph.D., moprofesa oa Psychiatry and Behahlangual Science at Duke and Senior research Career Scientist ho la Durham VA Medical Center, nako le nako o ne a pepesetsa litoeba tse nyane boemong ba joala nakong ea bocha eo, bathong, e ka felletseng ka ho holofala, empa e seng sedation. Kamora moo, liphoofolo tsena ha lia ka tsa hlola li pepesetsoa joala, 'me tsa hola ho fihlela e le batho ba baholo - tseo likhoto li etsahetseng nakong ea matsatsi a 24 ho isa ho a 29.
Liphuputso tsa pejana tsa sehlopha sa Duke le ba bang li bonts'itse hore liphoofolo tse lilemong tsa bocha tse pepesitsoeng joala li hola ho ba batho ba baholo ba sa tsebeng ho etsa mesebetsi ea mohopolo ho feta liphoofolo tse tloaelehileng - leha ba sa khone ho pepesetsoa joala.
Se sa tsejoeng ke hore na litšitiso tsena li bonahala joang seleng ea selefouno karolong ea boko e tsejoang ka hore ke hippocampus, moo ho hopoloang teng le ho ithuta.
E sebelisa tšusumetso e nyane ea motlakase e sebelisitsoeng hippocampus, sehlopha sa Duke se lekantse mochine oa selefouno o bitsoang potentiation oa nako e telele, kapa LTP, e leng ho matlafatsang ha li-synapses tsa bongo ha li ntse li sebelisoa ho ithuta mesebetsi e mecha kapa ho hopola lintho tse ncha.
Ho ithuta ho etsahala hantle ha ts'ebetso ena ea synaptic e le matla ka ho lekaneng ho theha phetiso e matla ea lipontšo pakeng tsa li-neuron. LTP e phahame haholo ho ba banyenyane, 'me ho ithuta ka katleho ho bohlokoa ho bacha hore ba be le memori e ncha e kholo nakong ea phetoho ea ho ba motho e moholo.
Bafuputsi ba ne ba lebelletse hore ba tla fumana LTP e fokotsehile ka mokhoa o makatsang litekong tsa batho ba baholo ba neng ba pepesitsoe joala nakong ea bocha ba bona. Ho makatsang, leha ho le joalo, LTP e ne e hlile e le matla liphoofolong tsena ho bapisoa le litoeba tse sa buloang.
Swartzwelder o itse: "Qalong u ne u ka nahana hore liphoofolo li tla ba bohlale." “Empa hoo ho fapane le seo re se fumaneng. Ebile hoa utloahala, hobane haeba u hlahisa LTP e ngata haholo ho e 'ngoe ea lipotoloho tsena, ho na le nako eo u ke keng ua khona ho hlahisa tse ling hape. Potoloho e tletse, 'me phoofolo e khaotsa ho ithuta. E le hore u ithute ho sebetsa hantle, boko ba hao bo hloka botsitso bo sa tsitsang le tšitiso - bo bongata haholo ntlheng e 'ngoe le e' ngoe 'me lipotoloho ha li sebetse hantle. ”
Habohlokoa le ho feta, ts'ebeliso e mpe ea LTP e ne e tsamaisana le phetoho ea sebopeho sa lisele tsa methapo ka bomong tseo Swartzwelder, Risher le basebetsi mmoho ba ileng ba li tseba. Metsoako e menyenyane e tsoang makaleng a lisele, e bitsoang li-dendritic spines, e ne e bonahala e le lerootho ebile e le lerootho, e fana ka maikutlo a ho se sireletsehe ha mmele. Li-spine tse holileng tsebong li bokhuts'oane ebile li shebahala joaloka li-mushroom, li ntlafatsa puisano ea sele le sele.
"Ho na le ho hong ho etsahalang nakong ea bocha ba joala bo fetolang tsela eo hippocampus le libaka tse ling tsa boko li sebetsang ka eona le kamoo lisele li shebahalang ka teng - LTP le mokokotlo oa dendritic li nang le ponahalo e sa holang ha li se li le batho ba baholo," ho boletse Swartzwelder.
Risher o boletse hore boleng bona ba lisele tsa boko bo ka 'na ba amahanngoa le ho se sireletsehe ha boits'oaro. Ntle le liphetoho tsa lesapo la mokokotlo hippocampus, tse amang ho ithuta, basebetsi mmoho ba sehlopha sa Duke ba bonts'itse liphetoho tsa sebopeho libakeng tse ling tsa boko tse laolang ho hobeha le maikutlo.
"Ho ka etsahala hore joala bo sitise ts'ebetso ea ho nona, e ka amang ts'ebetso ena ea kutloisiso hamorao," a rialo. "Ke seo re labalabelang ho ithuta sona lithutong tse tsoelang pele."
Bafuputsi ba itse liphuputso tse ling li tla shebisisa litlamorao tsa bokhoba ba nako e telele ho biri, hammoho le liphetoho tse ling tse etsoang ke cellular.
Hlahloba ho eketsehileng: Ho noha bongoaneng ho ama boitšoaro ba batho ba baholo ka liphetoho tse tšoarellang liphatseng tsa lefutso
Lintlha tsa boitsebiso: Bokhoba ba tahi: Patlisiso ea Bongaka le Boiteko
E fanoe ke Setsi sa Bongaka sa Duke University
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