(L) Dopamine e Nchafatsa Mesebetsi e Bohlokoa ea Botho e Laolang Boitšoaro (2008)

Comments: Boithuto bo hlalosa kamoo dopamine e fetelletseng e ke keng ea matlafatsa lipotoloho tsa "ho e ea" ho lemalla, empa hape e fokolisa "lipotoloho" tse hanyetsanang.


Ho notlolla sephiri sa hore na hobaneng dopamine e emisa bakuli ba Parkinson

CHICAGO - Lefu la Parkinson le bokhoba ba lithethefatsi ke mafu a fapaneng le pola, empa ka bobeli li latela dopamine bokong. Bakuli ba Parkinson ha ba na eona; ba lemaletseng lithethefatsi ba e fumana haholo. Leha bohlokoa ba dopamine mathateng ana bo tsebahala haholo, tsela eo e sebetsang ka eona e bile sephiri.

Phuputso e ncha e tsoang Univesithing ea Leboea-bophirimela ea Feinberg School of Medicine e senotse hore dopamine e matlafatsa le ho fokolisa lipotoloho tse peli tsa mantlha bokong tse laolang boitšoaro ba rona. Sena se fana ka leseli le lecha la hore na hobaneng ha moroallo oa dopamine o ka lebisa ho boitšoaro bo qobelloang, bo lemalloang le dopamaine e nyane haholo e ka siea bakuli ba Parkinson ba hoamme ba sa khone ho sisinyeha.

"Phuputso e bonts'a kamoo dopamine e bopang lipotoloho tse peli tse kholo tsa boko tse laolang tsela eo re khethang ho etsa lintho ka eona le se etsahalang maemong ana a mafu," ho boletse D. James Surmeier, mongoli ea etelletseng pele le Moprofesa oa Nathan Smith Davis le molulasetulo oa thuto ea 'mele ho Sekolo sa Feinberg. Pampiri e phatlalalitsoe khatisong ea Phato 8 ea koranta ea Science.

Ts'ebetso ena e kholo ea boko e re thusa ho etsa qeto ea hore na re ka etsa eng kapa che. Ka mohlala, na u tsoa setulong se kang bethe ebe o khanna lebenkeleng bakeng sa joala e tšeletseng ea biri nakong ea bosiu bo chesang ba lehlabula, kapa o robala bethe?

Potoloho e le 'ngoe "potoloho" e u sitisang ho etsa ka takatso; e 'ngoe ke "potoloho" e u susumelletsang ho nka khato. Lipotoloho tsena li fumaneha ho striatum, sebaka sa boko se fetolelang mehopolo liketsong.

Phuputsong, bafuputsi ba ile ba hlahloba matla a synapses a hokahaneng le cerebral cortex, sebaka sa boko bo amehang mehopolong, maikutlo le mehopolo, ho striatum, lehae la setopo le ho ea lipotoloho tse khethang kapa tse thibelang ketso.

Bo-rasaense ba sebelisitse likhoele tsa cortical ka motlakase ho etsisa litaelo tsa motsamao le ho matlafatsa boemo ba tlhaho ba dopamine. Se ileng sa etsahala ka mor'a moo se ile sa ba makatsa. Li-cortical synapses tse hokelang ho potoloho ea "go" li ile tsa ba matla le ho feta. Ka nako e ts'oanang, dopamine e fokolisitse likhokahano tsa "cortical" ka potoloho "stop".

"Sena e ka ba sesosa sa bokhoba ba tahi," ho boletse Surmeier. “Dopamine e hlahisoang ke lithethefatsi e lebisa ho matlafatsong ho sa tloaelehang ha li-synapses tsa" cortical "tse khannang lipotoloho tse tsoaloang, ha li ntse li fokolisa li-synapses ho lipotoloho tsa" stop "tse hanyetsanang. Ka lebaka leo, ha liketsahalo tse amanang le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi - moo u nkileng sethethefatsi seo, seo u neng u se ikutloa - se etsahala, ho ba le letšolo le sa laoleheng la ho ea batla lithethefatsi. ”

"Liketso tsohle tsa rona bokong bo phetseng hantle li lekantsoe ke takatso ea ho etsa ho hong le takatso ea ho emisa," ho boletse Surmeier. "Mosebetsi oa rona o fana ka maikutlo a hore ha se matlafatso ea lipotoloho tsa boko feela tse thusang ho khetha liketso tse bohlokoa haholo litlamorao tsa dopamine, empa ke ho fokolisa likhokahano tse re nolofalletsang ho emisa. ”

Karolong ea bobeli ea teko, bo-rasaense ba thehile mofuta oa liphoofolo oa lefu la Parkinson ka ho bolaea li-dopamine neurons. Eaba ba sheba se etsahetseng ha ba etsisa litaelo tsa kotlo hore ba tsamaee. Phello: likhokelo tsa potoloho ea "emisa" li ile tsa matlafatsoa, ​​'me likhokelo tsa potoloho ea "go" tsa fokola.

"Phuputso e bonesa hore na hobaneng bakuli ba Parkinson ba thatafalloa ke ho etsa mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi e kang ho nanabela tafole ho nka khalase ea metsi ha ba nyoriloe," ho boletse Surmeier.

Surmeier o hlalositse ts'ebetso ena a sebelisa papiso ea koloi. O ile a re: "Phuputso ea rona e fana ka maikutlo a hore ho se khone ho tsamaea ha lefu la Parkinson ha se ntho e etsoang feela joaloka koloi e felloang ke khase." “Ho e-na le hoo, koloi ha e 'sisinyehe hobane leoto la hao le petetsane ha u robehile. Dopamine ka tloaelo eu thusa ho lokisa khatello ea metheo ea brake le khase. E o thusa ho ithuta hore ha o bona lebone le lefubedu mateanong a litsela, oa robeha, 'me ha lebone le letala le hlaha, o tlosa leoto ha o robeha ebe o tepella peterole. Bakuli ba lefu la Parkinson, ba lahlehetsoeng ke methapo ea kutlo e ntšang dopamine, leoto la bona le lula le koalehile. ”

Ho utloisisa motheo oa liphetoho tsena lipotolohong tsa boko ho susumetsa bo-rasaense haufi le maano a macha a kalafo a ho laola mathata ana a boko le a mang a amanang le dopamine joalo ka schizophrenia, Tourette's syndrome le dystonia.


THUTO: Ho Laoloa ha Dopaminergic ea Dopaminergic ea Sesebelisoa sa Sesole sa Sesole sa Meriana

2008 Aug 8; 321 (5890): 848-51. Doi: 10.1126 / science.1160575.

inahaneloang

Ho li-synapses lipakeng tsa li-cortical pyramidal neurons le li-striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), li-postynaptic D1 le D2 dopamine (DA) li-receptors li romelloa hore li hlokahale bakeng sa ho kenyelletsa bokhoni ba nako e telele le khatello ea maikutlo, ka ho latellana-mefuta ea polasetiki eo ho nahanoang hore e thehiloe ho motho ea kopaneng. ho ithuta. Hobane li-receptor tsena li lekanyelitsoe ho baahi ba babeli ba khethollo ea MSN, sena se batla hore polasetiki ea synaptic e se ke ea sebetsoa ka seleng ka 'ngoe. Re sebelisa likhae tsa boko ho tsoa ho litoeba tsa receptor tsa DA, re bontša hore ha ho joalo. Ho fapana le moo, DA e bapala karolo e tlatselletsang mefuteng ena e 'meli ea MSN ho netefatsa hore polasetiki ea synaptic e ea mahlakore a mabeli le ea Seheberu. Mefuteng ea lefu la Parkinson, sistimi ena ha e na botsitso, e lebisang liphetohong tse sa amaneng le polasetiki tse ka bakang bolwetse le matšoao a marang-rang.