Mekhoa ea Bokooa nakong ea Pono ea Bolokolohi ea Bolokolohi bo sa Bonoeng Movie ea Maikutlo: Litsebiso Tse Ncha ka Ts'ebetsong ea Erectile ea Maiketsetso (2014)

PLoS One. 2014 Aug 15; 9 (8): e105336. doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0105336. eCollection 2014.

Cera N1, Di Pierro ED2, Ferretti A1, Tartaro A1, Romani GL1, Perrucci MG1.

E phatlalalitsoe: Phato ea August 15, 2014

ETSA: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0105336

inahaneloang

Psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) e hlalosoa e le ts'ebetso ea botona ba botona ba botšehali e tšoauoang ke ho se khonehe kapa ho pheta-pheta ho fihlella ho lekana ha penile erection ka lebaka la mantlha kapa feela ka mabaka a kelello kapa a motho. Lithuto tsa nakong e fetileng tsa FMRI li ne li ipapisitse le tloaelo e tloaelehileng ea boitšoaro ba botona ba botšehali bo emeloang ke ho tsosa takatso ea botona kapa botšehali e amanang le ho shebella lifilimi tse tsosang takatso. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho na bopaki ba liteko ba marang-rang a fetotsoeng a boko ho bakuli ba psychogenic ED (EDp). Boithuto bo bong bo bonts'itse hore ts'ebetso ea FMRI e bokelletsoeng nakong ea ho shebella baesekopo ea thobalano e ka hlahlobisisoa ka mokhoa o ts'epahalang ka tlhahlobo e ikemetseng ea karolo (ICA) le hore marang-rang a ts'ebeliso ea kelello a tsamaellana le lithuto tsa pele tsa phomolo ea mmuso. Phuputsong e teng hona joale, re fuputse phetolo ea li-network tsa boko ho EDp ha re bapisoa le taolo e phetseng hantle (HC), re sebelisa fMRI ea kelello eohle nakong ea ho shebella sekotwana sa livideo tse seng molaong. HC ea 16 le EDC le leshome le metso e robong HC li ile tsa ngolisoa kamora tlhahlobo ea RigiScan, kelello le liteko tse akaretsang tsa bongaka. ICA e entsoeng e bonts'itse hore marang-rang a pono (VN), network-mode network (DMN), marang-rang a marang-rang a marang-rang (FPN) le network ea salience (SN) li ne li sa fetohe ka kotlolloho ho pholletsa le EDp le HC. Leha ho le joalo, liphapang tse pakeng tsa sehlopha sa khokahano e sebetsang li ile tsa bonoa ho DMN le ho SN. Ho DMN, EDp e bontsitse likhokahano tsa khokahano e tlase ea parietal e tlase, posterior cingrate cortex le medial prefrontal cortex, athe SN e ile ea fokotseha 'me ea eketseha khokahano e ile ea bonoa ka har'a polokelo e nepahetseng le kahare ea cortex cortex ka ho latellana. Methati e fokotsehileng ea ho kenella ka hare ho ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea mantlha e kenyelletsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea DMN e loketseng ho ikatisa hoa kelello ho amanang le ho hopola liphihlelo tsa nakong e fetileng, ho nahana ka bokamoso le ho amohela pono ea liketso tsa e mong. Ntle le moo, phapang lipakeng tsa sehlopha lipakeng tsa SN e khothalelitse tlhokomeliso e fokotsehileng ea liphetoho tse ikemetseng le tsa thobalano ho EDp.

lipalo

Tlhaloso: Cera N, Di Pierro ED, Ferretti A, Tartaro A, Romani GL, et al. (2014) Li-Networks tsa Brain nakong ea Pono ea mahala ea Movie e Rarahaneng ea Bohlokoa: Insights e ncha ho Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction. PloS ONE 9 (8): e105336. Doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0105336

mohlophisi: Qiyong Gong, Sepetlele sa China Bophirimela sa Univesithi ea Sichuan, China

Re amohetse: Kajeno 9, 2013; E amohetse: July 23, 2014; E phatlalalitsoe: August 15, 2014

Copyright: © 2014 Cera et al. Ena ke sengoloa se bulehileng se fihletsoeng ka tlase ho License ea Boikarabelo ba Creative Commons, e lumellang hore ho sebelisoe, ho abeloa, le ho beleha ho sa sebelisetsoe, ho fana ka moqapi le mohloli oa pele.

Lithuso: Bangoli bana ha ba na tšehetso kapa chelete ea ho fana ka tlaleho.

Lithahasello tse tsitsitseng: Bangoli ba boletse hore ho na le lithahasello tsa tlhōlisano tse teng.

Selelekela

Litataiso tsa hajoale li hlalositse Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction (ED) e le ts'ebetso ea botona ba botona ba botšehali e tšoauoang ke ho se khonehe ho fihlela, kapa ho boloka bokhoni ba ho lekana ho fihlela phethetso ea thobalano, e bakileng boholo ba kapa ka ho khetheha mabaka a kelello kapa a motho. [1], [2]. Lintho tse 'maloa tsa kelello li amana le nts'etsopele ea ED. Haholo-holo liphihlelo tse bohloko tsa nakong e fetileng, thuto e sa lekaneng ea thobalano le khōliso e tiileng li ka nkuoa e le lintho tse rerang esale pele. Leha ho le joalo, nakong ea bophelo bohle, mathata a kamano, likhatello tsa lelapa kapa tsa sechaba le liketsahalo tse kholo tsa bophelo li ka nkuoa e le lintlha tse tlatsetsang ho psychogenic ED [3]. Ntle le moo, Psychogenic ED induces e tšoaea khatello ea maikutlo kapa bothata ba motho (DSM-IV). Boikoetlisong ba bongaka ba letsatsi le leng le le leng, bakuli ba 'mele ba psychogenic ba tlaleha mathata a kamano ea banyalani, mathata a pakeng tsa motho le khatello ea maikutlo tse amanang le liketsahalo tsa bohlokoa tsa bophelo, tse kang ho lahleheloa ke mosebetsi kapa mathata a moruo.

Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, lithuto tse 'maloa tse khahlisang, tse entsoeng ho baithaopi ba phetseng hantle ba sebelisang takatso e matla ea thobalano li hlalositse likarolo tse rarahaneng tsa likarolo tsa bongo tsa cortical le subcortical, joalo ka Anterior and Middle Cingulate Cortex (ACC; MCC), Insula, Claustrum, le the Hypothalamus [4]-[18]. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, liphuputso tse fokolang li ile tsa fuputsa ts'ebetso ea boko ho bakuli ba nang le psychogenic ED (EDp) bapisoa le taolo e phetseng hantle (HC) [8], [11]. Ntle le moo, ke phuputso e le 'ngoe feela e bonts'itseng palo e fokotsehileng ea litaba tse putsoa ka ngollano ea Ventral Striatum le Hypothalamus ho EDp ha li bapisoa le HC [19].

Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, lithuto tsa fMRI li bonts'itse phapang ea ts'ebetso ea BOLD ho bapisa tlhahiso ea maikutlo a thobalano le maikutlo a e seng a thobalano. [4]-[18]. Motheo oa lithuto tsena tse nahannoeng ke ho rekota ha nakoana ea ha motho a le motenya, ho nkoang e le letšoao la ho tsosa takatso ea botona kapa ea botšehali le ketsahalo e tloaelehileng ho boits'oaro ba monna nakong ea ts'usumetso e mpe ea pono. [4], [5].

Haufinyane, ho bile le tjantjello e ntseng e eketseha bakeng sa tšebetso ea boko e hlahisoang ke ts'usumetso ea tšebetso ea tikoloho [18], [20]-[22]. Taba ea mantlha lipapatsong tsa ts'ebetso ke ho hokahana ho hlakileng pakeng tsa sepheo se hlahisitsoeng ho taba le tšebetso e itseng ea boko. Mekhoa ea tlhahlobo e thehiloeng ho hypothesis, joalo ka General Linear Model (GLM), e ke ke ea sebelisoa ho data e bokelletsoeng nakong ea ho rarahana ha cinematographic [23]. Ho joalo, lithuto tsa pejana, li sebelisa li-cinematographic tse matla tse seng tsa thobalano, li sebelisitse mekhoa e khannoang ke data e sa hlokeng polelo ea "sepheori". Lithuto tsena li bonts'itse hore data e rarahaneng ea fMRI e ka hlahlojoa ka mokhoa o tšepahalang ka tlhahlobo e ikemetseng ea motsoako (ICA) e bonts'a liphetho tse lumellanang [21], [22]. Kahoo, ICA ke sesebelisoa se sebetsang sa ho sekaseka data ea fMRI e bokelletsoeng nakong ea ts'usumetso ea cinematographic [21], [22]. Ha e se e bokelitsoe, ICA e ka arola data ea fMRI hore e be likarolo tse ikemetseng le tse ikemetseng. Mokhoa ona o ipapisitse le sebopeho se ka hare sa datha, ntle le khopolo ea "sepheo". Likhokahano tsa boko tse hlahisoang li akaretsa sebopeho sa tšebetso ea boqapi ba li-somato-motor, pono, pokello ea maikutlo, puo, le marang-rang a memori a atisang ho fetoloa nakong ea mesebetsi e sebetsang [24], [25]. Boholo ba tsebo mabapi le lits'ebetso tse ka tlas'a marang-rang a boko bo tsoa ho lithuto tsa fMRI tsa phomolo (rsfMRI).

Mecha ea marang-rang e ithutiloeng ka ho fetisisang ea boko ke: Default Mode Network (DMN) [26], Salience Network (SN); Fronto Parietal Control Network (FPN), Sensory Motor Network ea mantlha (SMN), Visual Network (VN), le Dorsal Attention Network (DAN) [27]-[28]. Marang-rang ana a amana le tšebetso ea mantlha ea kutlo, kelello le maikutlo [26]-[31].

Motho e motšehali ea tsosang takatso ea botona kapa ea botšehali a ka emoloa e le mohopolo o nang le likarolo tse ngata tsa maikutlo, boipuso, kelello le maikutlo a fapaneng. [5], [7]. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, thibelo ea thobalano, e nkuoeng e le setsi se rarahaneng sa ts'ebetso, ke e 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa bohlokoahali tsa Psychogenic ED.

Ho tsoa thutong ea rona e fetileng [11], Psychogenic ED e bonahala e amana le tšekamelo ea boiphetetso ea tšusumetso e mpe, ho itemoha ha liphetoho tsa 'mele, ho sitisa ts'ebetso ea boemo bo phahameng. Karabelo ena e fetisisang ea boko e amana le ts'ebetso e bonoang libakeng tse kang medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC), Parietal Lobes, Insular, le ACC / MCC tseo e seng libaka tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa DMN, FPN, le SN [26]-[31].

Phuputsong ea hona joale ea fMRI, EDp le HC ba ile ba hlahisoa ka sekotwana sa video se makatsang hore ba hlahlobe liphapang tsa li-network tsa boko, ba sebelisa ICA. Ho shebella mahala sekhechana se khethiloeng sa erotic ho tlisa ho tsosa takatso ea thobalano ho banna ba phetseng hantle, ho lumella lipatlisiso tsa marang-rang a boko tse amanang le tloaelo e tloaelehileng le ea ts'ebetso ea thobalano.

Lisebelisoa le mekhoa

Lihlooho le tse susumetsang

Linoko tse leshome le metso e tšeletseng tsa ho tsoa likamano tsa botona le botšehali tse anngoeng ke Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction (ho bolela lilemo tsa 33.4 ± 10.7 SD, li-19-63) (EDp) le banna ba bong bo fapaneng ba nang le letsoho le letona ba leshome le metso e robong (ho bolela lilemo = 33.5 ± 11.4 SD, range 21-HNUMX) li kenyelelitsoe thutong.

Ho hlahlojoa ha Psychogenic Erectile dysfunction ho entsoe ho latela litekanyetso tse latelang: ho ba sieo ha li-comorbidities tsa organic kapa mabaka a kotsi a vasia bakeng sa ho se sebetse ha Erectile Dysfunction, li-erections tsa hoseng tsa tloaelo, hemodynamics e tloaelehileng ho latela sebopeho sa Doppler Sonography le li-erections tse tloaelehileng tsa bosiu joalo ka ha li lekantsoe sesebelisoa sa RigiScan® nakong ea masiu a mararo a latellanang. Meetso e tloaelehileng ea bosiu le penile hemodynamic le tsona li ile tsa netefatsoa le HC, e senola litekanyetso tse tšoanang bakeng sa lihlopha tsena tse peli.

Litekanyetso tsa ho kenyelletsa lihlopha tsena ka bobeli e ne e le: (i) ho kopana le maemo a DSM-IV bakeng sa mathata afe kapa afe a 1 axis a hlahlojoang ka lipotso tse tsamaisanang le lipotso tsa Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Puisano (MINI) [32]; (ii) ts'ebeliso ea meriana efe kapa efe ea psychoactive le meriana e meng e ka amang ts'ebetso ea thobalano; (iii) ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsa boithabiso matsatsing a 30 a fetileng; (iv) ts'ebeliso ea meriana e etselitsoeng ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea thobalano; le (v) nalane ea ho etsa tlolo efe kapa efe ea thobalano e lekiloeng ka tlhahlobo ea mafu a kalafo.

Bakeng sa HC, litekanyetso tse ling tsa ho kenyelletsa e ne e le tse latelang: (i) nalane ea ho se sebetse hantle ha erectile; (ii) Ho hloka boiphihlelo ba ho kopanela likobo.

Edp le HC (Lethathamo 1) e ne e sa fapana ka morabe, lilemo, thuto, boemo ba lenyalo le maemo a bophelo ba sechaba le ts'ebeliso ea nikotine [33].

ponahalo e nyane

Tafole 1. Liphetho tsa kelello le boitšoaro.

doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0105336.t001

Lithuto tsohle tse ka bang teng li entse tlhahlobo ea 1-h le ngaka ea mafu a kelello 'me tsa tlatsa lipotso tse ngata ho kenyelletsa International Index ea Erectile Function (IIEF) [34], Patlisiso ea Bootsoa ea ho Kopanela Liphate e Eketsehileng (SAI-E) [35], [36] le SCL-90-R [37], Boitsebiso ba ho Tšoenyeha ka Boemo ba Naha (STAI) [38], Tekanyo ea BIS / BAS [39]. Moralo oa thuto o ile oa hlalosoa ka botlalo mme lithuto tsohle li baliloe mme tsa saena foromo e nang le tsebo pele ba botsoa le ho tlatsa lipampiri tsa lipotso. Tumello ea ba-Subhana e fumanoe ho latela Phatlalatso ea Helsinki. Boithuto bona bo amohetsoe ke komiti ea melao ea boitšoaro ea Univesithi ea Chieti.

Bakeng sa khetho ea video e hlohlelletsang, ho ile ha khethoa likarolo tsa 30 tse tsoang lifiliming tsa khoebo mme tsa hlahisoa ka tatellano ho lihlooho tse phetseng hantle tsa 20 (lilemo tsa 20-61) tse neng li shebile le ho lekanya lits'oants'o, ho latela sekala sa litekanyetso, ka bonyane ba 1 le palo e phahameng ea 7, ho nahanoa ka meeli e latelang: boleng ba likarolo le tse bonoang li nyoriloe. Leha ho le joalo lithuto tse hiretsoeng khetho ea khothatso ha li a ka tsa nka karolo teko ea FMRI.

Sekotwana se seng le se seng se khethiloeng sa video se bonts'itse likamano tsa botona le botšehali pakeng tsa monna a le mong le mosali a le mong (ho ts'oaroa, ho kopanela liphate ka thobalano le thobalano ea molomo) ho latela tataiso ea Koukounas le Over [40] mme e hlahisitsoe ho motho e mong le e mong ea nkang karolo bakeng sa metsotso ea 7.

Bafetsi ba ile ba botsoa hore ba tlalehe maikutlo a bona ka takatso ea thobalano ka ho tobetsa konopo e lumellanang ea MRI qalong ea moratuoa oa hae oa ho etsa thobalano.

Phatlalatso ea sekotjana sa video le konopo ea ho hatisa ka konopo e ne e laoloa ke lenaneo la lapeng la MATLAB le neng le sebetsa ho PC le behiloeng kamoreng ea scan ninete. Ho ile ha hlahisoa filimi ea Erotic ka khalase e phefumolohang e neng e behiloe ka morao ho ea scanner e sebelisoang ke projeke ea LCD. Seipone se lebisitsoeng ho hlooho ea hlooho kahare ho makenete se ile sa lumella lihloohoana ho bona sekotwana.

Qetellong ea seboka sa FMRI, taba ka 'ngoe e ile ea botsoa mabapi le maikutlo a eona a ho tsosa takatso ea botona kapa ea botšehali nakong ea ho shebella sekotwana ho latela sekala sa lintlha tsa 7-lintlha (1 e tlase haholo ho 7 e phahameng haholo).

Tlhokomelo ea 'mele

Penile tumescence e ne e hatisoa khafetsa nakong ea tlhahiso ea baesekopo le ho fumana data ea fMRI ka sesebelisoa sa pneumatic se hahiloeng hantle sa MRI se thehiloeng ho suff ea khatello ea mali e sa tsoa tsoaloa. Pele ho qala ho fumaneha ha fMRI, cuff ea khatello e ile ea beoa holima botoneng e sebelisa khohlopo mme e ile ea nyoloha le khatello ea pele ea 80 mm Hg. Cuff e ne e hokahantsoe ke thapo e nyane ho transducer ea khatello e behiloeng ka phapusing ea likhalase. Transducer ea khatello e hokahane le sehokelo sa matšoao le analog ho tsoa sesebelisoa sena se tlalehiloe ka tekanyo ea sampole ea 100 Hz ho PC bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea data ea kantle.

Sekenara se kentsoeng ka har'a foto ea letsoho le letsohong le letšehali se shebile matšoao a pelo, ha lebanta le phefumolohang la pneumatic le ne le tlameletsoe ka mpeng ho ea holimo ho lekola kholo ea taba eo sehlooho se buang ka eona. Matšoao ana ka bobeli a Cardio le a ho phefumoloha (CR) a ne a nkuoa sampole ke 100 Hz 'me a bolokoa ka faele ka sebopeho sa txt. Ho feta moo, lets'oao la ho otla ha pelo le ne le tšoailoe nako le nako ha ho ne ho fumanoa R-kile.

ho fumana data ea fMRI

Monahano o sebetsang le oa sebopeho o entsoe ka sehatisi sa 3T Philips Achieva MRI (Philips Medical Systems, Best, The Netherlands) o sebelisa coil ea radiofrequency ea 'mele bakeng sa kamohelo ea matšoao le mohala oa li-coil tsa li-coil tsa hlooho bakeng sa kamohelo ea matšoao. Data O oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) fMRI ya data e fumanoe ka tatelano ea T2 * -weighted echo-planar (EPI) ka litekanyetso tse latelang: TE = 35 ms, size matrix = 80 × 80, FOV = 230 mm, in-sefofane boholo ba voxel = 2.875 × 2.875 mm, SENSE factor 1.8 anterior-posterior, Flip angle = 80 °, slice thickness = 3 mm ha ho na lekhalo. Nakong ea seboka 210 libuka tse sebetsang tsa 31 transaxial slices li ile tsa fumanoa ka TR ea 2 s.

Bophahamo ba sebopeho se phahameng bo ile ba fumanoa qetellong ea seboka ka 3D tšimo e potlakileng echo T1-weighted voxel (voxel size 1 mm isotropic, TR / TE = 8.1 / 3.7 ms; flip angle 8 °, SENSE factor 2).

Tlhahlobo ea lintlha

Lenane la nako ea penile tumescence le ne le theotsoe ho tloha 100 Hz ho ea fihla ho sampling ea li-volumes tsa MRI tse sebetsang (TR = 2 s), linear e theotsoe le ho fetoloa ka lipalo tsa liphetoho tsa liperesente. Karolelano ea liperesente tse fetotsoeng boleng bo tloaelehileng ba penile tumescence (PT) e ile ea baloa nako eohle ea ponahalo e matla ea thuto e 'ngoe le e' ngoe 'me ea bapisoa pakeng tsa lihlopha ka teko e' meli e entsoe ka tai.

Lenane la nako ea pelo le phefumoloho li ile tsa baloa le ho fetisetsoa boleng ba TR bo sebelisang lenaneo le entsoeng lapeng le kenyellelitsoeng ho MATLAB (The MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA, USA). Tekanyetso e akaretsang ea pelo (HR) le litekanyetso tsa ho phefumoloha (RR) bakeng sa ho hlohlelletsa pono ho fumanoe bakeng sa thuto e ngoe le e ngoe. Bohlokoa lipakeng tsa phapang ea lihlopha tsa HR le RR li ile tsa hlahlojoa ka tlhahlobo ea liteko tse peli tsa sehlopha (Sehlopha: EDp, HC).

Lintlha tsa BOLD fMRI li ile tsa hlahlojoa ka software ea Brain Voyager QX (Brain Innovation, The Netherlands).

Ka lebaka la litla-morao tsa T1, litekanyetso tsa 2 tsa pele li ne li lahliloe tlhaisong. Ho lokisa thepa ea sekhahla se sebetsang ho kenyelletsa tokiso ea motsamao, ho tlosoa hoa litekanyetso tsa nako ea li-voxel nako le khalemelo ea nako ea sekala. Ho tsamaellanya bophahamo ba modumo o mong le o mong le bophahamo ba lits'ebetso, phetoho ea motsamao e entsoe ka phetoho e thata ea likarolo tse tharo. Litekanyetso tse hakanyetsoang tsa phetolelo le ho potoloha bakeng sa molumo o mong le o mong nakong ea thupelo li ile tsa hlahlojoa ho bona hore na motsamao o ne o se moholo ho feta halofo ea voxel [41], [42]. Ka mor'a moo, ba ile ba ntlafatsoa ka nepo ka kholiseho ka isotropic Gaussian kernel (FWHM = 6 mm).

Meqolo e sebetsang ea sehlooho e ntlafalitsoeng e ne e kentsoe tšebetsong ka datha e lumellanang ea sebopeho. Kaha litekanyetso tsa tšebetso tsa 2D le 3D li fumanoe ka karolo e ts'oanang, phetoho ea mantlha e ikemiselitse ho sebelisa likarolo tsa bophahamo ba sebopeho. Khokahano lipakeng tsa sekhahla se sebetsang le sa boiqapelo qetellong e ile ea hlahlojoa ka tlhahlobo e nepahetseng ea pono. Meetso ea sebopeho le e sebetsang e ile ea fetoloa sebaka sa Talairach [43] ho sebelisa mokhoa o kopanyang lintho le phetoho e tsoelang pele. Meqolo e sebetsang e ile ea hlakoloa ka boholo ba xxUM ea 3 × 3 × 3 mm3.

Re kenyelelitse li-covariate tsa 2 tse bonts'itseng matšoao a sampole ho tsoa ho White Matter (WM) le Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (CSF) [44]. Re nkile lipontšo tsa WM le CSF li lekola linako tsa voxels ho li-mask tsa thuto ea WM le CSF. Li-mask tsa WM li hlahisitsoe ke karolo ea karolo ea bokong ba thuto e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, ha matšoao a CSF a ne a nkuoa sampoleng ea boraro ea thuto ka 'ngoe.

ICA ea sepakapaka e ne e sebelisoa ho sekaseka datha ea ts'ebetso ea MR ea ts'ebetso bakeng sa ho fifala ha tatellano ea nako ea voxel ho sethala sa mekhoa e ikemetseng ea spatiotemporal (ICs).

Re sebelisa algorithm ea FastICA, re ne re hakanyetsa li-ICN tsa 30 bakeng sa sehlooho ka seng [45], ka mokhoa oa deflation le nonlinearity [46], [47], khafetsa hape le tataiso e fanoeng ke Pamilo le basebetsi mmoho [21]. Ho khetha li-IC tse khahlisang, re sebelisitse li-template tsa marang-rang a marang-rang a kenang kahare ho boko ho tsoa lipampiring tse phatlalalitsoeng tse fetileng. Sepheo sa sepakapaka se ne se etsoa bakeng sa template e ngoe le e ngoe. Likhokahano tsa kelello li tsoa lithutong tse fetileng [46], [47] tse shebiloeng mosebetsing wa hajwale e ne e le: Fronto Parietal Network (FPN), Central Executive Network (CEN), Default Mode Network (DMN), Somato-Motor Network (SMN), Visual Network (VN), Auditory Network (AN), le Salience Network (SN).

Ho eketsa tlhahlobo ea ICA ho tloha ntlheng e le 'ngoe ho isa ho lithuto tse ngata, li-ICs tse hakanyetsoang ho tsoa ho thuto e' ngoe le e 'ngoe li ne li kopantsoe le mokhoa oa ho itlhophisa oa sehlopha sa ICA (sogICA), ho latela ho tšoana ha bona [24]. Palo e fokotsehileng ea mekhoa ea sebaka se ikhethileng ea bokhuts'oane ba maemo a tlase e ile ea ntšoa [46], [47].

Joalo ka ICA ho data ea fMRI ka mokhoa o hlakileng e mpefatsa mekhoa ea tšebetso e kopanetsoeng ea neuronal (ke hore marangrang), boleng ba Z, bo fumanehang limmapeng ka bomong, bo ka fana ka mokhoa o itseng oa khokahanyo e sebetsang ka har'a marang-rang [48].

Morerong o mong le o mong, liphapang tse pakeng tsa lihlopha li ne li hlahlojoa ka tsela e le 'ngoe ea bohlale ea voxel e' ngoe ANOVA ho litekanyetso tsa Z, e fumanoang ke limmapa tsa sehlopha sa ICA, 'me joalo ka lihlopha tsa lithahasello li ne li nkuoa e le tsona feela tse kenyelelitsoeng ho noutu ea ICN ka ngoe.

Pakeng tsa limmapa tsa phapang ea sehlopha ho ne ho koetsoe ka boemo ba bohlokoa (monyetla oa ho sibolla leshano bakeng sa bophahamo bohle ba tšebetso) ea α <0.05, e lokisitsoeng bakeng sa papiso e mengata. Khalemelo ea lipapiso tse ngata e ne e etsoa ho sebelisoa algorithm e thibelang boholo ba sehlopha [49] e ipapisitse le lipapiso tsa Monte Carlo tse kentsoeng tšebetsong ea BrainVoyager QX. Sekhahla sa p <0.005 boemong ba voxel, FWHM = 1.842 voxel joalo ka kernel ea Gaussian ea khokahano ea sebaka har'a li-voxels le li-iterations tse 5000 li sebelisitsoe e le kenyelletso lipapisong, e fana ka boholo ba sehlopha sa li-voxels tse 22.

Kamora tlhahlobo e bohlale ea voxel, boleng ba Z bo arotsoe ho tsoa lihlopheng tsa limmapa, bo bontša phapano lipakeng tsa sehlopha, 'me ho ile ha etsoa tlhahlobo e' meli ea tailing.

Ho feta moo, tlhahlobo ea khokahano ea Pearson e entsoe ho lekola kamano lipakeng tsa boleng ba Z ho tsoa limmapeng tsa netweke le mesebetsi ea thobalano joalo ka ha e lekantsoe ke SAI-E le IIEF.

Haholo-holo, litekanyetso tsa Z tsa ROI e 'ngoe le e' ngoe li ne li hokahane le IIEF le SAI-E (ho kenyelletsa lintlha tse felletseng, lintlha tse fumanehang tsa boithabiso le likhathatso).

Results

Lintlha tse mabapi le boitšoaro le 'mele

Lintlha tsa Sociodemographic, tsa kelello le tsa boits'oaro tsa EDp le HC li hlahisoa ho Table1.

Phapang lipakeng tsa sehlopha sa thuto (lilemo) le lilemo li ne li se bohlokoa. Ho EDp, lintlha tse mabapi le thobalano ea batho ba amanang le thobalano le IIEF li ne li le tlase haholo ho feta tsa baithaopi ba phetseng hantle (Lethathamo 1).

Penile tumescence e bontšitse keketseho e kholo feela sehlopheng sa HC. Ha ho phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa lihlopha tse ileng tsa bonoa bakeng sa sekhahla sa pelo le ho phefumoloha (Feie. 1 'me Lethathamo 1).

ponahalo e nyane

Setšoantšo sa 1. Liphetho tsa 'mele.

Lehlakore le letšehali: Mohlala oa lithuto tsa nako ea penile reaction joalo ka ha li tlalehiloe ke sesebelisoa sa ho lekanya sa penile tumescence, pelo le sekhahla sa ho hema ka ho latellana bakeng sa nomoro ea HC ea 5 le EDp ea 11. Lehlakore le letona: li-histograms li bonts'a karolelano lipakeng tsa phapang ea sehlopha ho penile tumescence, pelo le ho hema. sekhahla ka ho latellana. Ke penile tumescence feela e bonts'ang liphapang tse kholo le p <0.05. Mehala e shebaneng e supa liphoso tse tloaelehileng tsa mean (SEM).

doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0105336.g001

Sebaka sa marang-rang sa marang-rang

Sehlopha sa sehlopha sa ICA se senoletse sebopeho se tloaelehileng sa sebaka marang-rang a mang le a mang a sehlopha sa EDp le HC. Ts'ebetso ea rona ea khethollo ea IC e hlahisitse marang-rang a lumellanang [26], [46], [47]-[52], tse bonts'itsoeng ka Feie. 2.

ponahalo e nyane

Setšoantšo sa 2. Li-ICN li hlokometse ho kopanya lihlopha tsena ka bobeli.

Meetso ea sebaka e bonoa nakong ea tlhahiso ea video e makatsang. Fronto-Parietal Network (FPN), Default-Mode Network (DMN), Salience Network (SN) le Visual Network (VN). Limmapa li tlatselitsoe holim'a seketsoana sa Talairach mme li kopanong ea radiology ka monyako oa Z = 2.

doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0105336.g002

Likhokahano tsa boko tse thathamisitsoeng sebakeng sa sehlopha e ne e le: i) DMN, ii) FPN hantle lateralised, iii) SN, le iv) VN. Ha rea ​​ka ra hlokomela: i) AN, ii) CEN le iii) SMN.

Lethathamo 2 e fana ka lenane la libaka tsa boko ho netweke e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, hammoho le lihokela tsa Talairach tsa litlhōrō tsa litlhōrō tsa bohlokoa le libaka tse amanang le Brodmann (BA).

ponahalo e nyane

Tafole 2. Sebaka sa libaka tsa marang-rang a mahlano bakeng sa lihlopha tsena tse peli.

doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0105336.t002

Har'a marang-rang a ileng a hlaha, DMN le SN li bonts'itse lipakeng tsa liphapang tsa sehlopha (Feie. 3).

ponahalo e nyane

Setšoantšo sa 3. DMN, SN, FPN le ponelopele ea cortical ea VN ea li-network tsa sehlopha sa lihlopha ka lihlopha tsena tse peli.

Ka holimo: bakuli ba ED; Ka tlase: Litaolo tse Phelisang hantle.

doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0105336.g003

The DMN [26], [52] e entsoe ka li-node tse latelang: Posterior Cingrate Cortex (PCC), Precuneus (PCUN), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) le libaka tse peli tse kopaneng tse bonoang maemong a inferior Parietal Lobes (IPL). SN [31] e ngotsoe ke li-node tse tharo tsa mantlha ka ngollano ea Insulae le ACC. T-teko e nang le mehatla e 'meli e senotse phapang e kholo ho DMN le khokahano ea ts'ebetso ea SN lipakeng tsa lihlopha tsena tse peli. Sehlopha sa EDp se bonts'a boleng ba Z bo fokotsehileng haholo, bo bonts'a maemo a khokahanyo ea tlhaho, bakeng sa DMN e nang le t (33) = -4.04 le p <0.01 e lokisitsoeng bakeng sa papiso e mengata, ha SN e ntse e re e bone litheko tsa Z li fokotsehile ka t (33) = -4.73 le p <0.01 e lokisitsoe bakeng sa papiso e mengata.

Ntle le moo, ANOVA e bohlale e tsamaisang 'mapa oa DMN, ho fapana le EDp> HC, e bonts'itse boleng bo fokotsehileng ba khokahano ka ngollano ea mPFC, PCC / PCUN, le IPL ea leqele. Bakeng sa SN, voxel ea bohlale ANOVA e bonts'itse keketseho e kholo ea khokahano ea tlhaho ka ngollano ea dorsal ACC, ha phokotso e kholo e bonoa ka ngollano ea lehare le bohareng la Insular cortex / Claustrum (Feie. 4 'me tafole 3).

ponahalo e nyane

Setšoantšo sa 4. DMN le SN: lipakeng tsa liphapang tsa sehlopha.

Ka holimo: DMN; Tlase: SN. Limmapa li koahetsoe haholo ke atlas ea Talairach 'me li kopanong ea mahlaseli a kotsi (p <0.05). Pakeng tsa lihlopha liphapang li lekoa ka mokhoa o bohlale oa voxel-ANOVA.

doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0105336.g004

ponahalo e nyane

Tafole 3. Lipakeng tsa liphetho tsa sehlopha.

doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0105336.t003

Tlhahlobo ea amanang haufi-ufi e entsoe lipakeng tsa mehato ea boits'oaro ea ts'ebetso ea thobalano joalo ka ha e lekantsoe ke SAI-E le boleng ba Z bo hlokometsoeng ho li-node tse bonts'ang lipakeng tsa phapang ea sehlopha. Tlhatlhobo ena e entsoe ka sepheo sa ho shebella kamano e ikhethileng ea sebaka ka seng sa boitšoaro ba thobalano.

Bakeng sa sehlopha sa EDp, ho ile ha bonoa khokahano e ntle ea tatellano lipakeng tsa SAI -E (Excitation subscale) le litekanyetso tsa IPL Z tse letšehali (r = 0.60, p <0.05 e sa nepahala).

Puisano

Lilemong tsa ho qetela, lithuto tsa fMRI li bonts'itse hore botsitso ba batho ba thobalano ke karolo e rarahaneng ea menahano, kelello le maikutlo [4]-[18]. Ho rarahana hona ho bonahala ho bonahala lits'ebetsong tsa boko tse tsosang takatso ea botona kapa ea botšehali, tse hlahisitsoeng ke ho shebella boitsebiso bo litšila. Phuputso e teng hona joale e fuputse phetolo ea marang-rang a boko ho bakuli ba nang le Psychogenic ED nakong ea ho shebella mahala sekotwana sa video se fosahetseng. ICA e fana ka monyetla oa ho ferekanya tšebetso ea boko, ka nako e tšoanang pono ea lisebelisoa tse rarahaneng le tse matla tsa cinematographic, ka har'a li-network tsa moea tse ikemetseng tsa moea. Thutong ena re sebelisitse SogICA algorithm bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea sehlopha ho fapana le mekhoa ea ICA ea sehlopha se bonolo. Joalokaha ho hlalositsoe ke Esposito et al. [24]Mokhoa oa SogICA o hlahisitsoeng ha o amehe haholo ka ho ba teng ha mehloli ea liphapang tsa likarolo tse ikemetseng tsa limmapa ho fihlela lithuto. Ka kakaretso, lintho tse boletsoeng esale pele ka bobeli (mohlala, bong, lilemo, joalo-joalo) hammoho le lintho tse sa lebelloang habonolo li ka kenya letsoho ho lekanya sehlopha sa khakanyo ea mohlala ea ICA. Sena e ka ba joalo bakeng sa data ea rona e kenyeletsang lihlopha tse peli tse fapaneng (bakuli le taolo), e khothalletsang khetho ea mokhoa o matla joaloka SogICA.

Thutong ea hona joale, khetho ea ho susumetsa e entsoe pele ho teko ea FMRI ke sehlopha sa banna ba phetseng hantle. Sena se entsoe ka sepheo sa ho bapisa likarabo tse fapaneng tsa barupeluoa nakong ea liteko. Pamilo le basebetsi mmoho ba khethiloe, 'me ba hlahisoa ho barupeluoa, khothalletso e le' ngoe feela [21]. Ho feta moo ho sebelisitsoe mekhoa e tšoanang lithutong tsa pejana tse phatlalalitsoeng tsa ts'ebetso tse ileng tsa etsa lipatlisiso tsa botona kapa botšehali tsa thobalano [4]-[7].

Nakong ea liteko, re hlokometse phapang lipakeng tsa phapang ea sehlopha ho karabelo ea penile erectile, ho se na phapang lipakeng tsa pelo le litheko tsa ho hema ka mokhoa o fapaneng (Feie. 1). Liphetho tsa rona li tsamaisana le lithuto tse fetileng [11].

ICA e etselitsoeng e bonts'itse hore DMN, FPN, VN, le SN li ne li ts'oana ka linako tsohle ho bakuli ba ED le taolo e phetseng hantle (Feie. 2). Liphetho tsa rona li lumellana le lithuto tse fetileng tsa rsfMRI [31], [46], [47] le lithuto tsa pono ea tlhaho tsa marang-rang a boko [21].

Har'a likhokahano tse 'ne tsa boko tse hlokometsoeng, khokahano ea tšebetso e ne e fapane haholo ho DMN, e bonts'ang ts'ebetso e fokotsehileng ea khokahanyo ho sehlopha sa EDp. Ha SN, ho EDp ha e bapisoa le HC, e bonts'itse ts'ebetso e fokotsehileng ea ts'ebeliso ea Insula e nepahetseng mme e eketsehile khokahano ho ACC.

Liphetho tsa rona li lumellana le liphetho tsa pejana mabapi le ts'ebetso ea likarolo tse ikhethang tsa boko ho EDp ha li bapisoa le HC. Haholo-holo, lithuto tsa ts'ebetso li ile tsa fana ka bopaki ba liphetoho tse ikhethang libakeng tse amehang likarolo tsa kelello le maikutlo a ho tsosa takatso ea botona kapa ea botšehali [4], [5]. Liphetho tsa rona li bontša hore likarabo tse fapaneng, tse bonoang ho EDp, li ka amana le ho se sebetse hantle ha marang-rang.

Sebopeho sa sebaka sa DMN se fumanoeng se lumellana le ba 'mapa ba entseng lithuto tsa nakong e fetileng le lithuto tsa rsfMRI [26], [48], [49]. DMN ke ts'ebetso e hlalositsoeng ka kelellong ea boko eo hangata e sebetsang ha batho ba sa tsepamise maikutlo tikolohong e kantle [51], [52]. DMN e hlokometsoeng e kenyelletsa PCC / pCUN, mPFC, le IPL. The Setšoantšo sa 3 e bonts'a khokahano e fokotsitsoeng ea tšebetso ea DMN e hlokometsoeng ho EDp. Ka ho khetheha, sehlopha sena se bontsitse maemo a fokotsehileng a ho kenella kahare ho mPFC, PCC / PCUN le IPL e setseng. Ho latela Buckner [51] DMN e ka aroloa ka mekhatlo e 'meli ea tsamaiso. Ea pele e entsoe ke libaka tsa Hippocampus le tsa Parahippocampus mme ho ne ho bonahala ho ameha lits'ebetsong tsa memori. Tšebetso ea bobeli ea ts'ebetso e ne e kenyelletsa PCC, IPL, le ventral mPFC. Ts'ebetso ena e tlase hangata e sebetsa nakong ea mesebetsi ea ho ikoetlisa e loketseng kelello. Ho ea ka pono ena, DMN e nka karolo ho utloisisa le ho toloka boemo ba maikutlo ba batho ba bang, ts'ebetsong ea kutloelo-bohloko le ho its'oareng ka kelello e loketseng. [51], [52]. Ehlile lithuto tse phetseng hantle li ka ba le seabe molemong oa liketso le maikutlo a amanang le litaba tsa thobalano ho feta EDp mme a bonts'a maemo a hokahaneng a tumellano mabapi le PCC / PCUN, mPFC, le IPL ea setseng (Feie. 4). PCC / PCUN ke hub ea DMN mme hangata e ameha mehopolong ea autobiographical le ea maikutlo [53]-[55]. MPFC e nkuoe e le ea bohlokoa bakeng sa taolo ea maikutlo ka kakaretso [56].

Mefuta e joalo e kanna ea bonts'oa ka phapano e hlokometsoeng ho mPFC e lokelang ho fana ka tlhaiso-leseling e tsoang liphihlelong tse fetileng ka sebopeho sa mehopolo nakong ea kaho ea papiso ea kelello e sebetsang. Haholo-holo, mPFC e amana le tlhalohanyo ea sechaba, e kenyang leihlo la maemo a kelello le maikutlo a mabapi le maemo a kelello a ba bang. Ho koaloa ha mPFC ho fumanoe hore ha ho na moo e amanang teng le karabelo ea erectile lithutong tse phetseng hantle nakong ea ts'usumetso e ntle ea thobalano. [57]. Ntle le moo, ts'ebetso ho mPFC e ne e amana le takatso e akaretsang ea boits'oaro, ho ikamahanya le boits'oaro bo susumetsang ba pono le merero e arabelang karabelo erectile [15], [57], [58]. Ka ho etsa joalo, bakuli ba bonts'itse leihlo le fokotsehileng la linaha tse hlasimolohileng tse nang le boiphihlelo bo tlase ba hedonic bo tsoang mofuteng oa pono o tsosang takatso.

Lipakeng tsa liphapang tsa sehlopha ho ile ha fumanoa le mangolo le IPL e setseng. Li-Parietal Lobes li bonahala li ameha lits'ebetsong tsa tlhokomelo le merero. Ho latela Mouras [14], ts'ebetso ea tikoloho ena nakong ea takatso e bonoang ea thobalano e totobatsa tlhokomelo e matla ho litabatabelo tsa thobalano mme ke karolo ea tlhokomeliso ea tšebetso ea thobalano. Ntle le moo, ho na le bopaki ba hore IPL e setseng ke karolo ea sistimi e emeloang ke boemeli ba 'mele ba pono [59]. Ho latela sehlooho sena, ho na le bopaki bo bonts'ang hore IPL e nepahetseng e bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea boiphetetso / tse ling [60], [61]. Leha ho le joalo, ho latela Decety [62] IPL e kenya letsoho litšoantšong tsa makoloi. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, ts'ebetso ho IPL nakong ea ts'usumetso e mpe ea pono e amana le takatso ea ho etsa ketso e ts'oanang ea thobalano le ba bontšitsoeng lits'oants'o tsa video [4].

Sephetho se seng sa bohlokoa e ne e le lipakeng tsa liphapang tsa sehlopha tse bonoeng ho SN. Setšoantšo sa 2 'me tafole 2 e bonts'a mokhoa o ts'oanang oa SN e hlokometsoeng lihlopha tsena ka bobeli. Mokhoa oa SN o hlokometsoeng o ne o kenyelletsa ACC le mekhatlo e ikemetseng ea Insular cortices tumellanong le lithuto tse fetileng. SN e kenya letsoho ho kopantseng data ea maikutlo a sebetsang hantle haholo le visceral, autonomic, le matšoao a hedonic a lumellang setho hore se etse qeto [31]. Thutong ea rona, re bone ho nka karolo ho fapaneng ha mantlha a SN bakeng sa lihlopha tsena tse peli. Haholo-holo, bakuli ba ED ba bontšitse boemo bo fokotsehileng ba khokahanyo e kenelletseng ea ngollano ho ngollano ea Insula e bohareng bohareng. Sebaka sena se fumanoe se kentse likarolo tse fapaneng tsa takatso ea thobalano. Arnow le basebetsi-mmoho [6] o hlokometse hore ts'ebetso ea "Insular cortex" e ne e amana le ho amohela sebopeho, athe Ferretti et al. [7] e kenyellelitse ho kenya letsoho ha Insula ka mekhoa e ikarabellang bakeng sa karabelo e tsitsitseng ea maikutlo a susumetsang maikutlo. Ntle le moo, Insula e bohareng bo nepahetseng e sebetsa bakeng sa mekhoa e amanang le ho qala le ho emisa pele [11].

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, bakuli ba ED ba bontšitse maemo a phahameng a khokahano ho ACC ho feta HC. Dorsal ACC ke e 'ngoe ea libaka tse amehang ho bioregulation [63], phefumoloho [64] le linaha tse ikemetseng tsa bochaba [65]. Ntle le moo, ho ts'oaroa ha sethoathoa ho bonahetse ho ACC, ho tsamaisana le liphatsa tsa lefutso [66]. Ho ea ka Abler le basebetsi-'moho (2011), ho hloka thobalano ho amana le ho fokotseha hoa ts'ebetso ho BA 24 / 32 [67].

fihlela qeto e

Ka kakaretso sephetho sa rona se bonts'itse hore pono e sa lefelloeng ea clip e tsosang le ICA e lumelle ho ts'oaroa ha ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea botona ho latela boitšoaro bo tloaelehileng ba monna le bo sa tloaelehang. Boitšoaro ba thobalano bo entsoe ka likarolo tsa boikemelo, kelello le maikutlo tse nahanoang hore li amana le karolo ea libaka tsa boko tse hlokometsoeng nakong ea lithuto tsa ts'ebetso ea pelehi. Liphetho tsa rona li totobalitse karabelo e sa tloaelehang ea boko maemong a marang-rang ho bakuli ba Psychogenic ED. Liphetho tsena li bonts'a hore na Psychogenic ED e amana joang le khokahano e sebetsang ea ts'ebetso ho ts'ebetso ea marang-rang e phahameng joaloka DMN le SN. Haholo-holo, Psychogenic ED e bonahala e amana le ho ikoetlisa ka tsela e loketseng, 'me ka kakaretso kutloelo-bohloko e tlase bakeng sa thobalano ea batho ba bang le taolo ea maikutlo, ha maemo a fokotsehile a khokahano libakeng tsa DMN. Ho fapana le hoo, bakeng sa SN, bakuli ba bonts'itse tlhokomeliso e fokotsehileng ea liphetoho tse ikemetseng tsa boipuso joalokaha ho khothalelitsoe ke ho fokotseha ho kopaneng ho Insula le ho hokahanya ho hokahane ho ACC.

Menehelo ea Mongoli

O ile a amohela le ho hlophisa liteko: NC EDDP AF. O entse liteko: EDDP AT NC. Hlahloba data: NC MGP. O ngotse pampiri: NC GLR.

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