Mekhoa ea boko le botenya (2010)

Hum boko Mapp. 2010 Mar;31(3):353-64. doi: 10.1002/hbm.20870.

Raji CA, Ho AJ, Parikshak NN, Becker JT, Lopez OL, Kuller LH, Hua X, Leow AD, Toga AW, Thompson PM.

mohloli o moholo

Lefapha la Pathology, Univesithi ea Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

inahaneloang

Ho nona haholo ho tsamaisana le kotsi e eketsehileng ea mathata a bophelo bo botle ba pelo le pelo ho kenyelletsa le lefu la tsoekere, khatello ea mali le stroke. Mathata ana a pelo le methapo a eketsa kotsi ea ho fokotseha hoa kelello le 'dementia', empa ha ho tsejoe hore na lintlha tsena, haholo-holo botenya le mofuta oa lefu la tsoekere la II, li amana le mekhoa e ikhethang ea atrophy ea boko. Re sebelisitse tecor-based morphometry (TBM) ho hlahloba litaba tsa bohlooho (GM) le tšoeu (WM) phapang ea lithuto tsa maqheku tsa 94 tse ileng tsa lula li le maemong a bonyane lilemo tsa 5 kamora ho hlahlojoa ha tsona. Bivariate e sekaseka ka tokiso bakeng sa papiso e ngata e hokahaneng haholo le 'mele oa index ea' mele (BMI), litekanyetso tsa insulin ea ho itima lijo (FPI), le Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) e nang le atrophy libakeng tsa boko ba ka pele, ba nakoana le ba subcortical. A khalemelo e ngata ea mohlala, hape e lokisa liphapano tse ngata, e senotse hore BMI e ne e ntse e hokahane hampe le boko ba pelo (FDR <5%), ha DM2 le FPI li ne li se li sa amane le liphapang tsa bophahamo ba modumo. Ka Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) mohlala o laolang lilemo, bong le morabe, lithuto tse nonneng tse nang le BMI e phahameng (BMI> 30) li bontšitse atrophy ka lobes e ka pele, anterior cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, le thalamus ha e bapisoa le batho ba nang le BMI e tloaelehileng (18.5-25). Lihlooho tse feteletseng (BMI: 25-30) e ne e na le atrophy ho basal ganglia le corona radiata ea WM. Boholo ba boholo ba boko bo ne bo sa fapana pakeng tsa batho ba nonofileng haholo le ba batenya haholo. Lenane le phahameng la 'mele le ne le amahanngoa le palo e tlase ea boko ho lithutong tsa maqheku le batho ba batenya haholo. Botenya ke ka hona e amahanngoa le bofokoli ba bophahamo ba boloi ba lithuto tse tloaelehileng tsa batho ba tsofetseng.

Keywords: atrophy ea bokong, botenya, morphometry o thehiloeng ho ts'abo
Eya ho:

Selelekela

Ho nona le mofuta oa II, kapa ho hloka insulin ho itšetlehileng ka lefu la tsoekere, "mellitus" (DM2) ke maemo a mabeli a hokahaneng a fihletseng palo ea seoa. Hona joale ho na le batho ba batenya ba fetang limilione tse sekete le batho ba limilione tse likete ba 300 lefatšeng ka bophara [Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo, 2009]. Batho ba seng ba tsofetse ha baa bolokeha - banna ba 40% le basali ba 45% ba fetang lilemo tse 70 ba imetsoe ke botenya kapa DM2 [Ceska, 2007], ho eketsa kotsi ea bona ea lefu la pelo le stroke [Mankovsky le Ziegler, 2004]. Botenya le bona ke sesosa sa kotsi sa ho fokotseha ha kelello le 'dementia' ho kenyeletsoa le lefu la Alzheimer's (AD) [Elias et al., 2005; Wolf le al., 2007]. Kotsi ena e ekelitsoeng e kanna ea kopanngoa le DM2, e amanang le monyetla o phahameng oa ho ba le AD [Irie et al., 2008; Leibson et al., 1997].

Boithuto ba pejana bo hlahlobang data ho tsoa ho Cardiovascular Health Study-Cognition Study (CHS-CS) bo bontša hore lefu la "cerebrovascular", ho kenyeletsoa lilemo, morabe, le boemo ba thuto, li amana le tlhalohanyo le nts'etsopele ea maemo a kotsi a pakeng tsa AD, a tsebahalang joalo ka ho lematsa ho fokolang ("cIitive imruptment (MCI)] [Lopez et al., 2003a]. Lisosa tsa kotsi ea pelo bakeng sa MCI li kenyelletsa marang-rang a tšoeu, marang-rang, khatello e phahameng ea mali, lefu la tsoekere, le lefu la pelo [Lopez et al., 2003a]. Ho feta moo, bakuli ba nang le AD ba na le litheko tse phahameng haholo tsa atrophy ea boko [Apostolova et al., 2006; Callen et al., 2001; Leow et al., 2009]. Ntle le moo, atrophy ea boko e ka bonoa ho MRI le pele ho senyeha hoa kelello ho bonahala ka mokhoa oa bophelo, joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe thutong e bonts'ang atrophy e kholo ea li-asymptomatic APOE4 carriers ha e bapisoa le batho bao e seng bakuli [Morra et al., 2009].

Ho nona haholo le DM2 ho ka mpefatsa kotsi ea 'dementia' ka ho mpefala hoa lefu la ho holofala haesita le ho batho ba nang le kelello e tsitsitseng, ho phahamisa ts'oaetso ea bona ho neuropathology ea nakong e tlang. Boithuto ba pejana, bo boholo lithutong tse tlase ho 65, bo fana ka maikutlo a hore lintlha tse ngata tsa 'mele tsa mafura a' mele (adiposity) li hokahane le atrophy ka cortex ea nakoana, lobes ea pele, putamen, caudate, precuneus, thalamus, le taba e tšoeu (WM) [Gustafson et al., 2004; Pannacciulli et al., 2006; Taki et al., 2008]. Ha e tsejoe, empa ea thahasello e kholo, hore na likateng tsa mafura a mangata, joalo ka ha li lekantsoe ke BMI, e amana le phapang ea sebopeho sa boko ho maqheku a tloaelehileng.

DM2 e boetse e amahanngoa le atrophy ea boko ho batho ba tsofetseng ho kenyelletsa le li-lobes tsa nakoana, hippocampus, le keketseho e kholo ea li-ventricles tsa morao-rao [Korf et al., 2007]. Tlhaloso e atileng haholo bakeng sa litlamorao tsena ke liso tsa WM [Claus et al., 1996] le lichapo tsa bongaka [Mankovsky le Ziegler, 2004]. DM2 atrophy e amanang le boko e ka ba ea bobeli ho maemo a eketsehang a insulin a bonoang ho lefu lena; insulin e potlakileng ea plasma e amahanngoa le bofokoli ba kelello ba lithuto tsa batho ba baholo [Yaffe et al., 2004], 'me e khothalletsa ho tlosoa ha amyloid, ka hona ho eketsa kotsi ea lefu la Alzheimer [Watson et al., 2003]. Ho fihlela hajoale, ha ho na lithuto tse ling tse amanang le insulin ea ho itima lijo le sebopeho sa boko, leha DM2 e se e hlahlobiloe. Ntho e kholo e ka ferekanyang lithutong tse joalo ke monyetla oa liphetoho tse tlang pele ho matšoao a li-neurodegenerative lihlopheng tsa khale tsa boithuto. Kaha atrophy ea boko le AD pathology e ka ba teng lilemo pele ho matšoao a kliniki [Braskie et al., 2008; DeKosky et al., 2006], lipatlisiso tsa BMI, DM2 le atrophy ea boko li lokela ho etsoa ho batho bao moqapi oa AD a ka ahloloang ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang.

Ho nona le DM2 e kanna ea eketsa kotsi ea AD ka ho phahamisa atrophy ea boko, ka hona e ka emela mabaka a ka bang kotsi a ho fokotseha hoa kelello le 'dementia'. Hobane maemo ana a ka thibelloa mme a ka phekoleha, ho bohlokoa ho khetholla likarolo tsa boko tse amehang ka ho khetheha ho maqheku tse sa kopaneng, ho utloisisa litsamaiso tse amehang, 'me qetellong ho lekola katleho ea ho kenella ho sireletsa libaka tsena.

Re sebelisitse mofuta oa "tenphometry-based morphometry (TBM)", e leng mokhoa o mocha haholo [Hua et al., 2008; Thompson et al., 2000], ho hlahisa limmapa tsa 3D tsa atrophy ea boko sehlopheng sa lithuto tsa maqheku tse se nang litheko tse nkiloeng ho Cardiovascular Health Study-Cognition Study (CHS-CS), sehlopha sa batho ba nang le tlhaiso-leseling e nang le tlhaiso-leseling, le tlhaiso-leseling. [Lopez et al., 2004]. Re ipapisitse le lintlha tse telele tse mabapi le tlhaiso-leseling, re khethile lithuto tsa 94 tse ileng tsa lula li le betere ka bonyane lilemo tsa 5 kamora ho hlahlojoa ha MRI ea mantlha, ka hona, ra fokotsa litlamorao tse sisimosang tsa neurodegeneration ea pele ho tleliniki. Re ngotse BMI (n = 94), FPI (n = 64), le tlhahlobo ea DM2 (n = 94) khahlano le mehato e nkiloeng ke setšoantšo ea phapang ea boholo ba molumo oa GM le WM lithutong tsohle, ho fumana hore na lintho tsee li ne li amana le atrophy ea boko. Re ne re tloaetse khokahano ea li-bivariate mefuta ea tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea pele, ebe khalemelo e ngata mefuta e ne e sebelisoa ho ikarabella bakeng sa batho ba ka bang confounders joalo ka bong le morabe. Re boetse re bapisa sebopeho sa boko lipakeng tsa boima bo tloaelehileng (BMI: 18.5-25), boima bo feteletseng (BMI: 25-30), le li-feta tsa (BMI: 30 +) lithuto tsa ho lekola hore na li-discoffoffs tsena tsa kliniki bakeng sa ho hlalosa boemo bo holimo ba tsona li amana le atrophy ea boko.

Eya ho:

Lisebelisoa le mekhoa

Lihlooho

Cardiovascular Health Study Cognition Study (CHS-CS) ke ts'ebetso ea Phuputso ea Dementia ea CHS, e qalileng ho 2002-2003 ho fumana liketsahalo tsa dementia le ho senyeha ho fokolang ha kelello (MCI) ho palo ea lithuto tse tloaelehileng le tsa MCI tse khethiloeng ho 1998 –99 in Pittsburgh [Lopez et al., 2003b]. Ho barupeluoa ba 927 ba ileng ba hlahlojoa ho 1998-99, 532 e tloaelehileng le lithuto tsa MCI li ne li fumaneha bakeng sa ho ithuta ho 2002-03. Lithuto tsohle li ne li e-na le litlhahlobo tse phethahetseng tsa methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea methapo ea kutlo le 1998-99 le 2002-03, le MRI ea kelello ho 1992-94, le 295 e ile ea hlahlojoa ka 3-D volumetric brain MRI ho 1998-99. Ho latela mohlala oa morao-rao, re khethile lithuto tsa 94 tse neng li tloaelehile ka mokhoa o hlakileng ho 1997-1998 le 2002-2003. BMI (n = 94) le litekanyetso tsa insulin ea ho itima lijo (n = 64) li fumanoe li sebelisa mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea CHS [Fry et al., 1991; McNeill et al., 2006]. Litlhahlobo tsohle tse senang lipalo li ile tsa hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa Statistical Package for Science Science (SPSS, toleo 16.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).

Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM2)

Tlhophiso ea DM2 e ne e khethiloe ho datha tse fumanoeng tsa bongaka selemo le selemo mme e hlalositsoe ka botlalo haholoanyane mosebetsing o phatlalalitsoeng pele [Brach et al., 2008]. Ho akaretsa, barupeluoa ba CHS ba ne ba khethiloe ba le DM2 haeba ba ka fihlela efe kapa efe ea lintlha tse latelang: (i) ts'ebeliso ea meriana efe kapa efe ea DM2; (ii) ho itima lijo (≥ lihora tse 8) tsoekere ≥ 126 mg / dL; (iii) ho itima lijo (<lihora tse 8) tsoekere ≥ 200 mg / dL, kapa (iv) teko ea mamello ea tsoekere ea molomo ≥ 200 mg / dL.

Katleho ea MRI le khalemelo ea litšoantšo

Lintlha tsohle tsa MRI li fumanoe Univesithing ea Pittsburgh Medical Center MR Research Center ho sebelisoa 1.5 T GE Signa scanner (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI, LX Version). Ho ile ha fumanoa tatellano ea 3D volumetric gradient e hopotsang ho fumana (SPGR) bakeng sa bokong kaofela (TE / TR = 5/25 msec, flip angle = 40 °, NEX = 1, slice thickness = 1.5 mm / 0 mm interslice gap) set parallel moleng oa AC-PC o nang le matrix ea ho fumana sefofaneng ea likarolo tsa setšoantšo sa 256 × 256, 250 × 250 mm lebaleng la pono le boholo ba voxel ba sefofane sa 0.98 × 0.98 mm.

Pele ho ts'ebetso

Likarolo tsa motho ka mong li ngolisitsoe ka kotloloho ho International Consortium for Brain Mapping standard image template (ICBM-53) ba sebelisa ngodiso ea paramente ea 9 ho ikarabella bakeng sa maemo a lefats'e le phapang e kholo ho batho ka bomong, ho kenyeletsoa le boholo ba hlooho. Litšoantšo tse tsamaellanang le lefatše li ne li etsoa sampole botoneng ba isotropic ba li-voxels tsa 220 haufi le leqhubu ka leng (x, y, le z) le boholo ba voxel ea ho qetela ea 1 mm3.

Tensor-based morphometry (TBM) le limmapa tse nang le likarolo tse tharo tsa Jacob

Tensor-based Morphometry (TBM) e fumana phapang ea litheko tsa lehae ka litekanyetso tse feto-fetohang tsa liphetoho tsa volumetric (ke hore, limmapa tsa Jacobian), kamora ho ikamahanya le limmapa ka bonngoe le limmapa tsa phetoho ho template e fokolang ea deformation (MDT). MDT bakeng sa boithuto bona bo ikhethang e thehiloe ho tsoa ho MRI scans ea 40 lithuto tse tloaelehileng tsa CHS ho nolofalletsa ho ngolisoa ha litšoantšo ka boiketsetso, ho fokotsa leeme la lipalo, le ho ntlafatsa ho fumanoa ha litlamorao tsa lipalo [Hua et al., 2008; Kochunov et al., 2002; Lepore et al., 2007]. Lits'oants'o tsohle li ne li sa tsamaellane ka nepo le template e ikhethileng ea ho ithuta e le hore kaofela li ka arolelana tsamaiso e tšoanang, 'me karolo ea phepelo ea lehae ea 3D elastic warping change, sepheo sa Jacobian, e reretsoe thuto e' ngoe le e ngoe. Limmapa tsena tsa 3D tsa Jacobian li bonts'a phapang e lekanang pakeng tsa motho ka mong le template e tloaelehileng, 'me e ka sebelisoa ho supa libaka tsa phokotso ea lirafshoa tse kang atrophy ea GM le WM. Template ea CHS-MDT e entsoe ka letsoho ho sebelisoa lenaneo la software la Brainsuite (http://brainsuite.usc.edu/) ke setsebi sa thuto ea maoto ho hlahisa limaske tsa binary tse koahelang seretse. Likamano pakeng tsa limmapa tsa BMI le tsa Jacobian li ile tsa hlahlojoa ho voxel e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ho sebelisoa mohlala oa mola o akaretsang ho boemo bohle ba boko.

Kakaretso ea lihlahlobo tsa Statistical

Re entse liteko tsa lipalo tse bivariate e le tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ho bona hore na botenya le e 'ngoe ea mathata a eona a tsebahalang, DM2, li ne li amana le GM le WM atrophy. Re boetse re entse sena ka FPI kaha maemo a eketsehileng a insulin ke karolo ea pele ea DM2 pathology [Ceska, 2007]. Ka mor'a moo re ile ra sebelisa lipatlisiso tse ngata tsa tlhahlobo-leseling ho bona hore na ke ofe oa mofuta ona ea entseng phapang e ngata sampole ea rona. Ka mor'a moo re ile ra sebelisa tlhahlobo e tloaelehileng ea bongaka ea BMI e tloaelehileng, boima bo feteletseng le botenya ho etsa tlhahlobo ea ANCOVA. Morero oa sena e ne e le ho hlahisa liphetho tsa rona tsa BMI ka mantsoe a ka utloisisoang maemong a sepetlele.

Bivariate Statistical Analyses

Thutong ea pele ea tlhahlobo, re sebelisitse a bivariate mohlala oa ho hokahanya limmapa tsa Jacobian, tse fanang ka tlhaiso-leseling ho atrophy ea bobeli le ho hola ha CSF ho latela tekanyetso e tloaelehileng, ka li-template tsa BMI, FPI, le DM2 tse ka khonehang. Re ile ra etsa liteko tse arohaneng tsa tse ling tse mpe, tse ntle, 'me li entsoe ka taolo e' meli. Bohlokoa ba lipalo tsa mekhatlo ena bo tlalehiloe bo sebelisa omnibus p-melo. Kaha hypothesis ea rona e tsepamisitse maikutlo ho GM le WM atrophy, re tlaleha feela pLits'oants'o tsa litloaelano tse mpe (ke hore, ho ipapisitse le tlhahlobo e le 'ngoe). Liteko tsa tumello (ka N= 10,000 randomizations) [Edgington, 1995] li entsoe ho lokisa lipapiso tse ngata. Re nkile khalemelo p- Lits'oants'o tsa kakaretso ea litla-morao, ka ho thathamisa menyetla ea ho bona palo ea litheko tse tlase tlasa tumellano e kholo, ke hore, ka monyetla, ha li-covariate le lihlopha li abeloa ka mokhoa o sa reng letho (ho beha mohato oa voxel oa p= 0.01). Mekhatlo ea bohlokoa ea lipalo e ileng ea boleloa e le limmapa tsa p- Litaelo le khokahano ea khokahano e lumellana r- Lisebelisoa ho CHS-MDT e sebelisa Shiva sebalihttp://www.loni.ucla.edu/Software/Software_Detail.-jsp?software_id=12) 'me e bontšoa ka sekala se tloaelehileng.

Lipalo-palo tsa lipalo tse ngata

Kamora ho etsa kopo a bivariate Mokhoa oa ho sekaseka lipatlisiso tsa rona, re hlophisitse a khalemelo e ngata mohlala oa lipalo-palo ho utloisisa hantle hore na ke efe ea tse joalo (BMI, FPI, DM2) e tsebahalang haholo bakeng sa phapang ea palo ea boko cohort. Re ile ra sekaseka limmapa tsa Jacob's re sebelisa 'Mapa oa Statistical Parametric software (SPM2, http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/), e kenya BMI, DM2, lilemo, bong, le morabe ka tatellano e tšoanang ea mola. Tšusumetso ea FPI e ile ea lekoa ka thoko mehlaleng ea tšebelisano le BMI.

Ho utloisisa ka nepo hore na likamano tse arohaneng lipakeng tsa BMI le sebopeho sa boko li ne li tsamaisoa joang ka lihlopha tse neng li le motenya le ho beha mekhatlo e joalo maemong a bongaka, re ile ra etsa tlhahlobo ea lipakeng tsa li-ANCOVA tsa sehlopha sa SPM2. Tsena li kenyelelitsoe: (i) Ho fetoloa ha li bapisoa le lihlopha tse tloaelehileng tsa BMI; (ii) Ho feta boima khahlanong le lihlopha tse tloaelehileng tsa BMI; (iii) Ho feta tekano khahlanong le lihlopha tse boima. Lipapiso tsohle tse lipakeng tsa sehlopha tse laoloang bakeng sa lilemo, bong, morabe le DM2. Khalemelo bakeng sa papiso e ngata e finyeletsoe ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa False Discovery Rate (FDR) [Genovese et al., 2002] moo liphumano li boletsoeng li bohlokoa feela haeba sekhahla se lebelletsoeng sa litumellano tsa bohata 'mapeng se ne se le ka tlase ho 5%. Boemo ba Voxel t- Litaba li fetotsoe hore e be lintlha tsa likarolo tse nyaner) joalo ka boholo ba phello, u sebelisa sengoloa sa cg_spmT2x.m ho SPM2. Sena se ne se etsetsoa tlhahlobo eohle e le hore boholo ba sephetho sa liphetho tsohle bo ka bapisoa ka ho sebelisa tekanyo e le 'ngoe. The mela li ne li hakanngoa likarolo tsa orthogonal tsa template e le 'ngoe ea MNI template [Holmes et al., 1998] ka MRIcron (http://www.sph.sc.edu/comd/- rorden/MRIcron/) molemong oa lipontšo.

Eya ho:

Results

Boemo ba batho ba lihlooho li bontšoa ho Lethathamo I, e arotsoe ka likarolo tsa 3 BMI bakeng sa tloaelehileng, boima bo feteletseng le bo batenya (BMI Range: 18.5-36.2). Ke maemo a BMI le FPI feela a neng a fapane lipakeng tsa lihlopha - joalo ka ha ho ne ho lebelletsoe, kapa ka tlhaloso, batho ba nonneng haholo le ba nonneng haholo ba ne ba na le maemo a phahameng a BMI le FPI ho feta sehlopha se tloaelehileng sa BMI (p ≤ 0.001). Ho ne ho se na kamano pakeng tsa maemo a DM2 le FPI (r(64) = .01,p = .92). Ntle le moo, DM2subiture e ne e se na maemo a phahameng a FPI ho feta lithuto tseo e seng tsa FPI (t(62) = −.09,p = .92).

Lethathamo I

Litšobotsi tsa sehlooho. Lihlopha tsena li ithutile li fapane ho BMI le FPI feela (p <0.01).

Bivariate Statistical Analyses:

Batho ba ka bang le maikutlo a mang

Limmapeng tsa rona tsa lefuba tsa TBM, li kopanya mefuta e fapaneng e ferekanyang le sebopeho sa boko, lilemo tse ntseng li eketseha li bonts'a setsoalle sa maemo le lipalo tse tlase tsa boko mohlaleng ona empa sena e ne e se ntho ea bohlokoa ka lipalo (p = 0.07, e lokisitsoe; tlhahlobo ea tumello). Age le BMI li ne li sa tsamaellane haholo mohlaleng oa rona (r (92) = - 0.04, p = 0.90) kapa lilemo li ne li sa tsamaellane le maemo a insulin (r (64) = 0.06, p = 0.66) kapa ka tlhahlobo ea DM2 (r (92) = −0.05, p = 0.61). Ntle le moo, APOE4 genotype, e eketsang kotsi ea sporadic AD, e ne e sa amane le liphetoho tse bonoang sebopeho sa boko joalo ka ha ho hlahlojoa le TBM mohlaleng ona (p = 0.39, tlhahlobo ea tumello). Thuto, e hlalositsoeng hantle e le kholo e tsoelang pele sekolong se phahameng, hape e ne e se ea bohlokoa lipalo tumellanong ea eona le litekanyetso tsa lefuba la GM le WM hampe ka (p= .92, tlhahlobo ea tumello) kapa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng (p= .12, tlhahlobo ea tumello). Tlhaloso ea kliniki ea khatello ea meriana ea mali (systolic / diastolic> 140/90 mm hg kapa tšebeliso ea meriana e khahlanong le khatello ea meriana) le eona e ne e se na kamano e mpe ea lipalo le sebopeho sa boko ho sampole ea rona (p= .33, tlhahlobo ea tumello).

BMI

BMI e phahameng e ne e hokahane haholo le li-volum tse tlase tsa GM le WM ho ea bokong kaofela (p <0.001, tlhahlobo ea tumello). Setšoantšo sa 1a e bonts'a likhokahano tsa khokahano bakeng sa kopano e sa fetoheng ea BMI e nang le sebopeho sa boko se raliloeng ho template e nyane ea deformation ea CHS (CHS-MDT). Mebala e putsoa e emela libaka tse phahameng tse amanang le kamano e mpe; boleng hangata bo tloha ho from0.30 ho 0.30. Libaka tsa khokahano e ntle ea 'mala o mofubelu le o mosehla li ne li se bohlokoa. Libaka tsa khokahano e mpe haholo (r ≤ −0.30) e fumanoe ka orbital frontal cortex (motsu o mofubelu ho x = −9, y = 57, z = 29, r = −.31), hippocampus (metsu ea khauta: e tlohetsoeng ho x = - 31, y = −2, z = 25, r = −.32; hantle ho x = 32, x = 9, z = 18, r = −.31) le libaka tse subcortical (li-asteris tse tšoeu: tse tlohetsoeng ho x = −28, y = −14, z = 1, r = −.30; hantle ho x = 29, y = −15, z = 1, r = −.34) ho kenyelletsa putamen, globus pallidus, le thalamus. Liphetho tsena li supa atrophy ho batho ba nang le mafura a mangata a 'mele. Setšoantšo sa 1b e bontša bohlokoa bo lekanang (p-value) 'mapa. Mebala e lefifi e supa libaka tse nang le tse tlase p-melo.

Setšoantšo sa 1

karolo a e bontsa a r- 'Mapa (Pearson mabapi le ho hokahana)' mapa o totobatsang kamano e mpe le e nepahetseng lipakeng tsa BMI le sebopeho sa boko se boletsoeng likarolong tsa Cardinal tsa Cardiovascular Health Study Minimal Defform template (CHS-MDT). ...

FPI

FPI e phahameng e ne e amahanngoa le likarolo tse tlase tsa boko ba tikoloho (p = 0.01, tlhahlobo ea tumello) ho GM le WM ka bobeli. FPI e phahameng e ne e amahanngoa le atrophy ea bokaholimo ho lobes ea ka pele, hippocampus le splenium ea Corpus callosum. Liphetho tsena li bonts'oa Litšoantšo 2a le 2b. Setšoantšo sa 2a e bonts'a 'mapa oa khokahano e kopaneng eo FPI e hokahaneng le likarolo tse tlase seporong sa Corpus callosum (motsu o mofubelu: x = −3, y = 12, z = −12, r = −.27), orbital frontal cortex (motsu oa lamunu: x = −3, y = −39, z = 31, r = −.33) le hippocampus (metsu ea khauta: leqele ho x = −24, y = −1, z = 24, r = −.31; hantle ho x = 31, x = 3, z = 21, r = −.33). Setšoantšo sa 2b e bonts'a 'mapa oa boleng ba p. Liphetho tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore maemo a phahameng a insulin, e leng karolo ea pele ea DM2 pathology, a ka hokahana le atrophy ea bokong libakeng tsa boko ka ts'ebetso ea kelello joalo ka splenium ea corpus callosum (phetisetso ea hemisphe ea litaba tsa pono le tse ling). cortex (mosebetsi o ka sehloohong), le hippocampus (ho ithuta le ho hopola).

Setšoantšo sa 2

karolo a e bonts'a 'mapa oa khokahano e hakantsoeng ho template ea CHS-MDT e bonts'a moo atrophy ea boko (phokotso ea molumo) e amanang le maemo a phahameng a insulin ea "insulin". FPI e phahameng e hokahane le likarolo tse tlase tsa splenium ea Corpus callosum (e khubelu ...

Mofuta oa II lefu la tsoekere Mellitus

DM2 e ne e boetse e amahanngoa le atrophy ea bokong (p <0.001, tlhahlobo ea tumello) tlhahlobisong ea bivariate. Barupeluoa bao ba fumanoeng ba e-na le DM2 ba na le meqolo e tlase libakeng tse ngata tsa boko ho kenyelletsa le lobes e ka pele, preortal cortex, genu le splenium ea corpus callosum, gingus e bohareng, parietal lobule, lobes ea occipital le cerebellum. Basal ganglia, ho kenyeletsoa le caudate, putamen, le globus pallidus le tsona li ile tsa haelloa ke matla ho ba nang le ts'oaetso ea DM2. Ha ho le e 'ngoe ea lithuto tsa rona tsa DM2 e neng e kile ea ba le nalane ea lefu la kliniki kapa tšoaetso ea MRI. Libaka tse amanang le DM2 tsa atrophy li bonts'itsoe ho Litšoantšo 3a ('mapa oa khokahano ea kopanelo) le and3b3b ('mapa oa p-boleng). Palo ena e bonts'a hore DM2 e amana le palo e tlase ea splenium ea Corpus callosum (Setšoantšo sa 3b'Mapa oa bohlokoa, motsu o motšo, e tsamaeang r-value = −.21 ho x = −4, y = 14, z = −17), genu ea Corpus callosum (Setšoantšo sa 3b, motsu o motala, o tsamaellanang r-value = −.17 ho x = 4, y = −49, z = 1) le li-lobes tse ka pele (Setšoantšo sa 3b, motsu o mofubelu, o tsamaellanang r-value = −.24 ho x = −7, y = −77, z = 7).

Setšoantšo sa 3

The rSetšoantšo sa setšoantšo ka bophara a e bonts'a khokahano e mpe pakeng tsa tlhahlobo ea DM2 ea sehlopha le atrophy ho GM le WM. DM2 e amahanngoa le palo e tlase ea splenium ea Corpus callosum Figure 3b, 'mapa oa bohlokoa, motsu o motšo, o tsamaellanang. ...

Likhatiso tse ngata tsa khatello ea kelello

ka khalemelo e ngata mefuta, BMI ke eona feela phapang e neng e hokahane haholo le atrophy ea boko ho GM le WM (e lebelletsoe FDR <5%); ho ne ho se na mekhatlo e ikemetseng lipakeng tsa FPI, DM2, e, tekano, kapa morabe o nang le degree of brain atrophy hang ha BMI e balloa. Mokhatlo o fapaneng oa BMI le sebopeho sa boko o bonts'itsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 4. BMI e phahameng e ne e amahanngoa le likarolo tse tlase tsa GM le WM ho orbital frontal cortex (karolo ea, lebokose le leputsoa), goutus ea anterior (karolo ea, lebokose le leputsoa), lobe ea nakoana ea moea (karolo ea b, metsu e ntšo), le WM subcortical (karolo ea c , li-asteris tse ntšo). Boholo ba phello ea mokhatlo ona bo ne bo le boholo (r ≥ 0.30). Ho Setšoantšo se tlatsetsang 1, re bontša setšoantšo sa beta sa litlamorao tse kholo tsa BMI. Setšoantšo sena se emetse letsoalo la moeli oa regression, le bonts'a peresente ea boko (ho cc) e lahlehileng bakeng sa phaello e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e khelohileng ea BMI kamora ho feto-fetoha bakeng sa tse ling tse fapaneng mohlaleng. Sebakeng se thibetsoeng sa orbital frontal cortex / anterior cingulate, mohlala, mebala e pherese e bonts'a hore ho feta 4% ea bophahamo ba boko bo lahlehile bakeng sa phaello e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e khelohileng ea BMI. Ka lebaka leo, motho ea holimo ho 5% ea BMI (ke hore, li khelohileng tse peli tse tsoang moelelong), o ne a tla bontša bofokoli bo phahameng ba 8% sebakeng se kang cortex ea orbital. Metsu le asterisks li supa libaka tse tšoanang pakeng tsa 'mapa oa khokahano le setšoantšo sa beta.

Setšoantšo sa 4

Palo ena e bonts'a 'mapa oa boleng ba khokahano (r- 'mapa oa' nete) e hlahisitsoeng holima template ea bongoana ea standard single SubN MNI bakeng sa lipontšo. Kamano e bontšitsoeng e pakeng tsa taolo e phahameng ea BMI le GM / WM bakeng sa lilemo, bong, morabe le DM2. Ho chesa ...

Ha rea ​​fumana mekhatlo e ikemetseng ea lilemo, DM2, bong kapa morabe ho lipalo tsa GM kapa WM mohlaleng oa rona hang ha BMI e ikarabelletse. Tlhahlobo ea tšebelisano e boetse e bonts'itse hore atrophy e amanang le BMI ha e ea fapana joaloka ts'ebetso ea efe kapa efe ea tsena. Tlhahlobo ea BMI ea karohano ka FPI e arohaneng (n = 64) e bonts'a hore litlamorao tsa BMI ka sebopeho sa boko li ne li sa fapana joalo ka ts'ebetso ea FPI. Ho utloisisa hamolemo hore na BMI e amanang le atrophy e fetisitsoe joang, re bapisa le li-volum tsa GM le WM tsa batho ba nang le 3 discrete diagnostic classified, ke hore, BMI e tloaelehileng, boima bo feteletseng le botenya.

Pakeng tsa Sehloho ANCOVA e Hlahloba

Ho nona haholo khahlanong le BMI e tloaelehileng

Ha re bapisa lihlooho tsa botenya (BMI: 30 +) le ba nang le BMI e tloaelehileng (BMI: 18.5-25), re fumane li-volumes tse tlase tsa GM le WM (FDR <5%) sehlopheng sa batho ba batenya ho sa tsotelehe ho laola lilemo, bong, morabe le DM2. Atrophy ena e bonts'oa ho Setšoantšo sa 5 hoo e leng rLitlhahiso tse hlahisitsoeng holima template e tloaelehileng ea MNI ea MNI, 'me li na le mebala e khubelu e lumellanang le boholo ba phello ea khokahano ea khokahano (r > 0.50). Batho ba nonneng ba ne ba e-na le meqolo e tlase ea GM le WM li-lobes tse ka pele, anterior cingulate gyrus (karolo ea, motsu o moputsoa), hippocampus (karolo ea b, motsu o motšo), le basal ganglia (karolo ea c, lebokose le letala). Limmapa tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore ho ba motenya ho amana le ho felloa ke matla libakeng tsa boko tse bohlokoa molemong oa ts'ebetso ea kelello joalo ka anterior cingate, e nkang karolo ho tsepamisisang maikutlo le ts'ebetso ea phethahatso.

Setšoantšo sa 5

'Mapa oa mekoallo (r-value image) boholo ba litlamorao bakeng sa papiso ea batho ba batenya ho feta ba 14 (BMI> 30) ho batho ba 29 ba boima bo tloaelehileng (18.5-25). Batho ba nonneng ba ne ba e-na le meqolo e tlase ea GM le WM li-lobes tse ka pele, anterior cingulate gyrus (karolo e 'ngoe, e putsoa ...

E boima haholo ha e bapisoa le BMI e tloaelehileng

Setšoantšo sa 6 e bonts'a hore litaba tse feteletseng (BMI: 25-30) li na le bongata bo tlase ba boko ho feta ba nang le BMI e Tloaelehileng ho basal ganglia (karolo ea - motsu o motšo; karolo ea b - motsu o mofubelu; karolo ea c - motsu o moputsoa), corona radiata (karolo ea b, lebokose le letšo), le lobe ea parietal (karolo ea c, motsu o pherese). Mekhatlo ena ka kakaretso e ne e le tlase ka boholo (|r| = 0.30 - 0.40) ha e bapisoa le liphetho tsa BMI tse fetang tse tloaelehileng. Ho fapana le batho ba batenya haholo, sehlopha se nonneng ha se a ka sa bonts'a atrophy libakeng tse joalo tsa paralimbic, joalo ka gypus le hippocampus ea ka ntle. Ho ne ho se na phapang e kholo ea lipalo ho GM le WM lipakeng tsa lihlopha tse batenya le tse feteletseng. Litlhahlobo tsohle li ne li laoloa bakeng sa lilemo, bong, morabe le DM2.

Setšoantšo sa 6

Limmapa tsa khokahano ea khokahano e bonts'oa ha ho bapisoa sehlopha sa batho ba fetang boima ba 51 (BMI: 25-30) le 29 batho ba tloaelehileng ba boima ba 'mele (18.5-25). Atrophy sehlopheng se nonneng se bonoa sehlopheng sa basal ganglia (karolo e - motsu o motšo; ...
Eya ho:

Puisano

Mona re tlaleha lipheo tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa tse amanang le bofokoli ba sebopeho ba botena, BMI e phahameng, FPI le DM2 ho batho ba baholo ba tloaetseng ho ts'oaroa ke sehlopha sa sechaba. Taba ea pele, mafura a mangata a 'mele a ne a amana haholo le bofokoli ba bophahamo ba kelello lithutong tse tloaelehileng tsa khale, leha a ne a laola likhaohano tse kang lilemo, thobalano le morabe. Taba ea bobeli, FPI le DM2 li bonts'itse likamano tse fapaneng le sebopeho sa boko ho bivariate sekaseka, empa lihokelo tsena e ne e se tsa bohlokoa ka lipalo ha li laola BMI. Taba ea boraro, likhohlano tse mpe lipakeng tsa mafura a 'mele le sebopeho sa boko li ne li le matla ho batho ba batenya empa li ne li boetse li bonoa ke batho ba boima haholo. Le ha re amohela hore litlamorao tsa botenya li ka ba tsa bophelo bo seng botle ka kakaretso, sena se ka etsahala molemong oa rona hobane (i) ba nang le bophelo bo bobe haholo ha ba na monyetla oa ho phela ho fihlela botsofaling (bolela: lilemo tsa 77.3) thutong ea rona. ; ii.r(94) = 0.07, p = 0.47); le (iii) lihlopha tsa 3 BMI li ne li sa fapana ka sekhahla sa maloetse a methapo a eketsang ho fokola le lefu.Lethathamo I). Ka hona, esita le ho batho ba nang le kelello e tloaelehileng ba phetseng botsofaling, ho tsebahala ha lisele tse phahameng tsa mmele ho ka ba le litlamorao tse mpe sebopeho sa boko.

Ho fumana ha rona li-atrophy tsa boko tse amanang le BMI ho maqheku a tloaelehileng ho ts'ehetsoa ke lithuto tse tsoang mehlala e nyane. Phuputso e entsoeng ka banna ba Majapane (bolelele ba lilemo: 46.1) e bonts'itse litheko tse tlase tsa GM kamanong le ho eketseha hoa BMI ho li-lobes tsa nakoana tsa maikutlo, hippocampus, le precuneus [Taki et al., 2008]. Phuputso e 'ngoe (e bolelang lilemo: 32) e bontšitse tahlehelo e kholo ea molumo oa GM ho batho ba batenya ka pele ho operculum, gyrus ea postcentral, le putamen [Pannacciulli et al., 2006]. Phuputso ea morao-rao ea MR e senotse ho senyeha ha metabolic ho li-front tsa lobe le WM sehlopheng sa batho ba batšo ba batenya (ho bolela lilemo: 41.7) [Gazdzinski et al., 2008].

Khokahano pakeng tsa BMI le bophahamo ba boko ha ho na monyetla oa ho ba o tobileng molemong oa e 'ngoe e bakang e' ngoe; ka hona, hoa thahasellisa ho khetholla lintlha kapa mekhoa hore e kanna ea baka ho fokolisa bophahamo ba molumo oa boko le botenya lithutong tse tšoanang. Babuelli ba maikutlo bo atisang ho botsoa lipakeng tsa kamano e phahameng ea lithane tsa mmele le sebopeho sa boko li kenyelletsa hypercortisolemia [Lupien et al., 1998], Boikoetliso bo fokolisitsoeng [Colcombe et al., 2003], ts'ebetso ea phefumoloho e senyehileng [Guo et al., 2006], ho ruruha [van Dijk et al., 2005], pelo / hypertension / hyperlipidemia [Breteler et al., 1994; Swan et al., 1998], ebe o thaepa lefu la tsoekere la II [mellitus]den Heijer et al., 2003; Ferguson et al., 2003]. Liponahatso tsa bofokoli ba sebopeho sa boko lithutong tsena e ne e le hippocampal atrophy, cortical volume decrease, and WM hyperintensities. Ha rea ​​fumana tšebelisano lipakeng tsa BMI le DM2, ka hona, melemo ea BMI ha e na monyetla oa ho kenella ka mochine oo mohlaleng oa rona. Ntle le moo, liphetho tsa rona tsa BMI ha lia ka tsa fetoha ha ho laola khatello ea mali le methapo ea mali ea WM joalo ka ha ho hlahlojoe litekanyetso tsa CHS tse emeng [Dai et al., 2008; Yue et al., 1997]. Liphetho tsena li ka bonts'a phello ea mophonyohi, hobane batho ba nang le BMI e phahameng le ba nang le lefu le tebileng la lefu la mokokotlo ha ba na monyetla oa ho phela ho fihlela palo ea palo ea baahi ba rona ba thuto (70-89). Ho kenyelletsa moo, re ke ke ra hlakisa monyetla oa hore likamano tsa BMI le atrophy ea boko ka har'a sehlopha sa rona sa batho ba tsofetseng li kenelletse ka kotlolloho ka ho fetellana ka mokhoa o fe kapa o fe oa mekhoa e meng e boletsoeng ka holimo.

Ha re se re tseba hore BMI e amahanngoa le maikutlo a bokooa ho batho ba tsofetseng, re boetse re amohela hore khang e teng ka har'a lingoliloeng mabapi le hore na mokhatlo ona o susumetsoa joang ke phapang ea thobalano. Sehlopha sa batho ba tsofetseng (70-84 lilemo) Basali ba Sweden ba bonts'itse kholo ea nakoana ea lobe ea nakoana litšoantšong tse hlakileng tsa tomography [Gustafson et al., 2004] ha thuto e 'ngoe e fumane BMI e amanang le tahlehelo ea likhoerekhoere ho banna ba Majapane empa eseng ho basali [Taki et al., 2008]. Ho tseba hore na khokahano lipakeng tsa BMI le sebopeho sa boko li susumetsoa ke bong lithutong tsa rona, re ile ra etsisa BMI ka tšebelisano ea bong molemong oa rona. khalemelo e ngata hlahlobisisa mme ha a fumana phapang ea thobalano ho atrophy ea boko e amanang le BMI. Boithuto ba rona ka hona bo fana ka maikutlo a hore litlamorao tsa ho hlonepha ha lisele tse phahameng ka sebopeho sa boko li ka ikemela ka bong; leha ho le joalo, ho fumana hona ho tšoanela tlhahlobo e eketsehileng lithutong tse tlang.

Leha litokellano tse sa fetoloang tsa FPI, DM2, le atrophy ea boko li ne li sa bohlokoa lipalo mefuteng e fetotsoeng, li ka tšoaneloa ke puisano ka lebaka la sengolo se hola ka litlamorao tsa hyperinsulinemia le DM2 bokong. Mehatong ea pele ea DM2, ho hanyetsa insulin ho amahanngoa le hyperinsulinemia e lefshoang [Yaffe et al., 2004], le maemo a phahameng a insulin a tsamaisana le ho senyeha ha kelello, esita le lithutong tse ke keng tsa nts'etsapele DM2 [van Oijen et al., 2008], ho fana ka maikutlo a hore hyperinsulinemia e ka fetola sebopeho sa boko. Mechine e mengata e kenyelletsa tšusumetso ea hyperinsulinemia ts'ebetsong ea sebopeho sa boko le sebopeho, ho kenyelletsa le litlamorao tse mpe tsa methapo ea methapo ea methapo, neurotoxicity ka lebaka la khaello e hlakileng ea li-amyloid tse tsoang bokong le ts'usumetso ea sebopeho sa methapo ea methapo ea methapo ka methapo ea glycation end-product [Bian et al., 2004; Watson et al., 2003]. Tšusumetso ea insulin e bonoa mona libakeng tse ngata tse amanang le ts'ebetso ea kelello tse kang orbital frontal cortex le hippocampus. Sena se lumellana le mohopolo oa hore hyperinsulinemia e ama dikarolo tsa boko tse kenyang karolo ea kelello; e kanna ea lebisa ho theoha ho patehileng hoa kelello le pele matšoao a hlakileng a bokuli ba 'dementia a ka bonoa [Kalmijn et al., 1995].

DM2 e ne e amahanngoa le likarolo tse tlase tsa GM le WM tse amanang le bohlokoa ba kelello joalo ka lobes ea pele le lipampiri tse kholo tsa WM (splenium of Corpus callosum), e fana ka maikutlo a hore DM2 e na le kopano e atileng le atrophy ea boko. DM2 e ka fokotsa palo ea boko ka ts'ebetso ea "cerebrovascular" e tsoelang pele e lebisang ho tsitsipaneng le ho theola [Ikram et al., 2008; Knopman et al., 2005]. DM2 e ka hlahisa tšenyo ka ho sebelisa glycation e tsoetseng pele ea liprotheine tsa bohlokoa tsa sebopeho, ho se lekane pakeng tsa tlhahiso le ho felisoa ha mefuta ea oxygen e sebetsang, le ka lits'oaetso tsa hexosamine le polyol pathways, ho etsa hore likarolo tse ka tlase tsa methapo ea methapo ea mokokotlo li fokotsehe [Arvanitakis et al., 2006]. Liphetoho tse joalo tsa microvascular, tse etsahalang khafetsa ka litlamorao tse ling tsa botenya tse kang khatello ea mali, li ka lebisa ho ischemia e sa foleng ea mokokotlo, tšebeliso ea matla a methapo ea kutlo, le atrophy libakeng tsa boko tse nang le vasculature e tlokotsing e kang methapo ea methapo ea kutlo ea basal ganglia [Breteler et al., 1994]. Liphumano tsa basele tsa litlokotsebe tsa tlhahlobo ea lefuba ea lefuba li ka lemohuoa hape ka lebaka la khaello ea kutloisiso ea kutlo ea lefuba ea TBM e tlameha ho fetola lintlafatso sebakeng sa cortical ka lebaka la boreleli ba masimo a deformation le litlamorao tsa karohanyo e sa lekanyetsoang [Hua et al, 2009; Leow et al., 2009]. Rona bivariate Liphetho tsa DM2 li lumellana le liphumano tsa pejana tsa hore GM le WM li amehile ho DM2 [Korf et al., 2007; Tiehuis et al., 2008] le lithuto tsa FDG-PET tse bonts'itseng hypometabolism libakeng tsa mokhatlo oa pele, oa nakoana le oa parietal, le posterior cingulate gyrus lithutong tse tloaelehileng tse nang le hyperglycemia e bonolo [Kawasaki et al., 2008].

Mokhatlo oa DM2 ha a ka a phela tse fetotsoeng khalemelo e ngata mefuta, e ka bang ka lebaka la palo e nyane ea lithuto tsa DM2 thutong (n = 11), hore ka boyona e ka ba litholoana tsa phello ea mophonyohi. Ka mantsoe a mang, batho ba bangata ba nang le DM2 ba ka be ba sa phela nako e telele ho hlahlojoa e le karolo ea CHS. Sena khethollo e kanna ea baka ho hloka matla ho khalemelo e ngata mefuta le ho haella ha ts'ebelisano e bohlokoa lipalo pakeng tsa BMI le DM2. Taba ena e ka hlola lithutong tsa kamoso ka ho sekaseka palo e kholo ea batho ba tsofetseng ba tsofetseng ba baholo ba DM2. Mosebetsi o joalo o ka hlakisa karolo e ka bang karolo ea bobuelli bakeng sa DM2 mabapi le botenya le atrophy ea boko. Ha e ntse e leka ho hakanya hore batho ba motenya le ba batenya ho feta tekano ba na le ts'oaetso ea methapo ea mafu a mantlha (joalo ka ha e bonts'oa ke batho ba batenya le ba feteletseng ba nang le FPI e phahameng) le hore sena se khannela kamano e pakeng tsa BMI le atrophy ea boko, mosebetsi oa kamoso o tla tlameha ho netefatsa sena kaha re sa fumane tšebelisano ea bohlokoa lipalo pakeng tsa BMI le DM2 kapa FPI.

Seo re se fumaneng, se nkuoeng molemong oa lithuto tsa pejana, se fana ka maikutlo a hore batho ba tsofetseng ba nang le boiphihlelo bo phahameng ba kotsing e kholo ea ho tšoaroa ke lefu la kelello le ho ba le 'dementia'. Le lithuto tsa rona tse seng li tsofetse, tse neng li phetse hantle 'me li tiisitsoe hore li tsitsitse bonyane lilemo tse 5 kamora ho hlahlojoa ha motheo, li ne li tšoeroe ke lefu la bongoana le amanang le botena. Liphetho tsa rona li fana ka maikutlo a hore batho ka bomong ba ka ba le tekanyo e kholo ea atrophy ea boko ka lebaka la botenya kapa ka lebaka la lintho tse khothaletsang botenya le hore, atrophy ena, le eona e ka ba lebisa bothateng ba khatello ea kelello le khatello ea maikutlo nakong e tlang. Litlamorao tsa potoloho ena li kenyelletsa: (i) ho holofala ha mmele bathong ba baholo; (ii) litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ka lebaka la 'dementia' e amanang le botenya; le (iii) meroalo ea maikutlo le e meng e seng ea lichelete ho bahlokomeli le bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo. Likamano tsa botona le botšehali tse nang le kotsi ea kelello le kotsi ea 'dementia' li hlahisa phephetso e ka bang teng sechabeng.

Phuputso ena e sebelisitse mekhoa ea neuroimaging ho hlahloba litlamorao tsa BMI e phahameng, insulin, le DM2 sehlopheng sa batho ba tsofetseng ba lulang hantle ka lilemo tse hlano kamora ho hlahloba ha bona. Liphetho tse joalo li na le monyetla oa ho bonts'a liphetoho tsa boko ho batho ba tsofetseng ka kakaretso ha ba qoba khethollo ea lithuto tse tsoang lithutong tse ikhethang. Tensor-based Morphometry (TBM) e fana ka 'mapa oa liqeto tse phahameng tsa liphapang tsa sebopeho,' me e fana ka maikutlo a matle ho phapano e hlophisehileng bokong, mme e haelloa ke leeme la tlhahlobo ea ROI e hlahlobang karolo ea boko feela. Re sebelisitse TBM ka lebaka la katleho ea eona ho sekaseka liphapang tsa sehlopha sa volumetric bokong bohle. Mefuta e meng ea lithuto tse thehiloeng ho voxel, joalo ka morphometry e tsoang voxel [Ashburner le Friston, 2000], ka linako tse ling ho hlaha potso ea hore na liphumano li ka hlahisoa ke ho ngolisoa ho sa phethahalang. Potso ena e hlaha hobane VBM, limmapa tse hlophisitsoeng hantle tsa lintho tse tsoakiloeng ka bo eona li hlophisoa ka ho iketsahalla lithutong ebe li lokisoa, ebe lits'oants'o tsa lipalo li etsoa mabapi le phapang ea sehlopha, ka ho tlosoa hoa litšoantšo ka bongata le ka voxel. Kahoo ho ka etsahala hore phapang e fumanoeng sebakeng se le seng ka lebaka la ngoliso e sa phethahalang [Thacker et al., 2004].

Ho TBM, leha ho le joalo, matšoao a hlahlobiloeng a thehiloe feela ho ngoliso ea litšoantšo eseng tlhaiso-leseling e sootho e lumellanang, ka hona ha ho hlokehe hore taba e putsoa e ngolisoe hantle lithutong tsohle kaha litaba tsa bohloeki ha li e hlahlojoe ho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea li-stereotactic. sebaka. Kahoo, liphetho tse ntle tsa bohata ka lebaka la phapang e hlophisitsoeng ea lihlopha liphosong tsa ngoliso ha li na monyetla. Leha ho le joalo, ho ka ba le liphumano tse fosahetseng tsa leshano, hobane matla a ho khetholla phapang ea morphometric ho ipapisitse le boholo ba moo data ea anatomic e ka bapisoang le algorithm ea warping. Phapang e nyane ea morphometric (mohlala ka hippocampus kapa botenya ba cortical) e ka bonoa hantle ho sebelisoa mekhoa e meng e bontšang meetso eo ka ho hlaka. Leha ho le joalo, re khethile tšebeliso ea TBM ho feta mohlala oa cortical kaha TBM e khona ho sebetsana le palo e kholo ea lithuto ka nako e potlakileng mme e hloka memori e fokolang ea computational [Xue et al., 2008]. TBM ke ka lebaka leo e leng tlokotsing ea ho ngolisoa ka leeme ho feta VBM mme e sebetsa hantle haholo ho hlahlobisisa lithuto tse kholo ho feta mohlala oa sebopeho sa cortical.

Seo re se fumaneng se lekantsoe ke moralo oa likarolo tse fapaneng, leha ts'ebeliso ea bolelele ba nako e ne e sebelisetsoa ho tsebisa khetho ea lihlooho ho fokotsa ho ferekanya ho ba nang le ts'oaetso ea methapo ea kutlo e tsoang ho Alzheimer's kapa dementias tse ling. Tsa rona khalemelo e ngata mokhoa o ikarabelle bakeng sa litlamorao tse ka 'nang tsa ferekanya tsa lilemo, bong, morabe le DM2. Ha re kenyelletsa genotype ea APOE4 mohlaleng ona, kaha ho feto-fetoha ha hoa ka ha bontša likamano tsa bohlokoa lipalo tlhahlobisong ea bivariate (p = 0.39, tlhahlobo ea tumello).

Ha palo e ntseng e eketseha ea batho e ba batenya le ba baholoanyane, kutloisiso e qaqileng ea tlhekefetso ea boko sehlopheng sena e bohlokoa. Boithuto bo kang bona bo bontša hore na hobaneng batho bana ba ka ba le kotsi e eketsehang ea 'dementia'. Le batho ba tsofetseng ba ileng ba lula ba tloaetse ho phela nako e telele kamora hore MRI ea bona e kopane le atrophy ea BMI libakeng tsa boko tse lebisitsoeng ke neurodegeneration: hippocampus, lobes ea ka pele le thalamus. Batho ba joalo ba ka rua molemo ka ho kenella ho thusa ho fokotsa mafura a litho tsa 'mele le ho ba le bophelo bo botle ba kelello botsofaling.

Eya ho:

Boitsebiso bo Eketsehileng

Eya ho:

lumela hore baa fokola

Nts'etsopele ea Algorithm bakeng sa thuto ena e tšehelitsoe ke NIA, NIBIB, le NCRR (AG016570, EB01651, RR019771 ho PT). Phuputso ena e boetse e tšehelitsoe ke lichelete ho tsoa ho National Institute of Aging to OLL (AG 20098, AG05133) le LHK (AG15928) le American Heart Association Pre-doctoral Grant ho ea ho Car (0815465D). Lethathamo le felletseng la bafuputsi ba CHS ba nkang karolo le litsi li fumaneha ho www.chs-nhlbi.org. CAR e rata ho amohela Ngaka William E. Klunk bakeng sa boithuto ba hae le tšehetso ea hae.

Eya ho:

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