Ho lemalla ho ja lijo le botenya: Na li-Macronutrients li na le taba? (2012)

Front Neuroenergetics. 2012; 4: 7.

E hatisitsoe Inthaneteng 2012 May 30. doi:  10.3389 / fnene.2012.00007

Tanya Zilberter1, *

Boitsebiso ba Mongoli ► Sehlooho sa Article ► Tlhahisoleseding ea Copyright le License ►

Sengoloa se phatlalalitsoeng ka April 2012 ke Natural Review Neuroscience (Ziauddeen et al., 2012) e hloka ho ba hlokolosi ha ho sebelisoa mofuta oa bokhoba ba botenya. Tlhatlhobo ena e hlokolosi e hlalositse litholoana tsa bohlokoa tse tsoang labong ea B. Hoebel mabapi le boits'oaro ba ho itlopa joala ba likhoto (Avena et al., 2008, 2009; Bocarsly et al., 2011). E lebisa liphetho tsena, Ziauddeen le basebetsi mmoho ba ile ba fihlela qeto ea hore litloaelo tsa ho itlopa lijo li amana le ho fumaneha ha lijo ka boithaopo ba bona ba mefuta e sa lekanyetsoang. Pejana, hape ke thehiloe holima mesebetsi ea Hoebel le basebetsi mmoho le nna, ke khonne ho fihlela qeto e fapaneng - mafura ka bobeli, leha e ka fumaneha habonolo, ha e lemale joaloka carbohydrate ebile ha e obesogenic (Zilberter, 2011). Sengoliloeng se seng hape (Peters, 2012), A. Peters o hlalositse liphetho tsa Avena et al. (2008) e le bopaki ba hore ho lemalla “tsoekere” ho sitoa ho baka botenya. Mona, ke shebisisa mofuta oa Hoebel oa bokhoba ba tahi (Avena et al., 2008, 2009; Berner et al., 2009; Avena, 2010; Avena le Khauta, 2011; Bocarsly et al., 2011) ha re ntse re hopola karolo ea li-macronutrients.

Eya ho:

Lijo Tsa Tlhekefetso

Ho na le maikutlo a hore ho fapana le khokahano ea ho shebella, ho ba teng ka mokhoa o teng lipakeng tsa ho lemalla lijo le botena (Khauta, 2004; Liu et al., 2006; Corsica le Pelchat, 2010; Johnson le Kenny, 2010). Maikutlo a mang ke hore ho ba le tlhonamo e joalo ha e eo (Peters, 2012) kapa le hore khokahano e pakeng tsa bona e lokela ho tsotelloa ka hloko (Ziauddeen et al., 2012). Tlhokomeliso e sa tsotelleng, e bontšitsoe (mme e tšohloa ke Ziauddeen et al., 2012) hore bokhoba ba lithethefatsi le bokhoba ba lijo bo na le litlamorao tse tšoanang, mohlala, ho sisteme ya dopaminergic (Volkow et al., 2008; Gearhardt et al., 2009; Stice le Dagher, 2010moo "ba fetang" (Avena et al., 2012). Lithutong tsa batho, ho lemalla lijo ho amahantsoe le mekhoa e ts'oanang ea ts'ebetso ea neural joaloka ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ho cortex ea methapo, medial orbitofrontal cortex, le amygdala (Gearhardt et al., 2011b). Johnson le Kenny (ba phethile ka hore "mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea hedonic e ka baka botenya le bokhoba ba lithethefatsi."2010). Ho ntse ho buisanoa le mokoloto oa bokhoba ba ho lemalla tlatsetso ea motho ea amanang le boteng ba meriana ea botona (Greene et al., 2011).

Eya ho:

Tlatsetso ea Carbohydrate

Khethollo ea lik'habohaedreite (CHO) taolong ea boko ba homeostasis ea matla (Zilberter, 2011) e itlhahisa ka litsela tse 'maloa tse tsebahalang ho kenyelletsa ketsahalo e bitsoang "moputso o nepahetseng," "hedonism," "ho batla," "ho rata," jj (Berridge et al., 2010; Khauta, 2011). "Bokhoba bo monate" bo ka bapisoang le boholo ba bokhoba ba tahi (Kampov-Polevoy et al., 2003) le bokhoba ba lithethefatsi (Stoops et al., 2010) E ngotsoe hantle. Khauta (2011) o pheha khang ea hore khaello ea "moputso" e tsamaisana le botenya 'me ho kopanya hona ho atile bakeng sa bokhoba ba tsoekere, cocaine le bokhoba ba heroin.

Gearhardt et al. (2011b), ha a bua ka mosebetsi o sa tsoa boleloa oa Johnson le Kenny, o re ke feela "lijo tse matlafatsang" tse nang le mafura le tsoekere tse ngata tse ka bakang temallo. Ho kopantsoe ha mafura le tsoekere ho bakile "ho se sebetse ka moputso ho amanang le bokhoba ba lithethefatsi le ho ja ka thata, ho kenyelletsoa le ts'ebeliso e tsoelang pele ho sa tsotelehe lits'oants'o" (Gearhardt et al., 2011a). Khokahano pakeng tsa ho lemalla lijo le botenya e boetse e hlahisitsoe ka mokhoa o hlakileng (Avena et al., 2009; Corsica le Pelchat, 2010; Khauta, 2011).

Eya ho:

Bokhoba ba Mafura?

Boithuto bo tsoang ho B. Hoebel lab bo fana ka maikutlo a hore ho fihlella CHO ho hlahisa mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho lemalla joalo ka ho bapisoa le phihlello ea mafura (Avena le Khauta, 2011; Bocarsly et al., 2011; Avena et al., 2012). Ho hlaka le ho nepahala ha taolo ea boits'oaro ba ho ja ho bontšitsoe hape ka lab ena (Berner et al., 2009). Nakong ea protheine e "monate-chow", likhoto li ile tsa etsa tefo bakeng sa keketseho ea "sucrose" kapa "glucose" e fokolang ka ho fokotsa ho ja haholo. Bangoli (Avena et al., 2008) e khothalelitse hore keketseho ea tšebeliso ea tsoekere, leha e sa felle ka lebaka la botenya, e lebisang ho nyolleng hoa tumellano bakeng sa li-opioid receptors, tse tla lebisa ho potoloha e mpe ea ts'ebeliso e mpe ea tsoekere mme e ka baka botenya.

Thutong ea morao-rao (Avena et al., 2009), ha likhoto li ne li fuoa monyetla oa ho fumana lijo tse "mafura a monate" letsatsi le leng le le leng, li ne li ithaopa ho ja lijo tse tloaelehileng, tse tšoanang le tse tlalehiloeng ka lijo tse "monate-chow" (Avena et al., 2008). Leha ho le joalo, lekhetlong lena litoeba li ile tsa nkuwa ho feta ho fapana le teko ea "monate-chow". Bangoli ba phethile ka ho re: "mafura e kanna ea ba macronutrient e hlahisang boima ba 'mele bo fetang tekano, le tatso e monate ha ho se na mafura e kanna ea ikarabella ho hlahiseng boits'oaro bo joalo ba setlhare." Dimitriou et al., 2000). Mafura a kopantsoeng le litaba tse fokolang tsa CHO a sitiloe ho baka ho nona ho feta tekano le boima ba 'mele, ha CHO e fetisang lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata e bakile ho nona le ho fokola hoa mmele (Lomba et al., 2009).

Boithuto ba Metabolic bo bontša hore thibelo ea CHO lijong tse nang le mafura a mangata e hlahisa litlamorao tsa neuroprotective (Figure (Figure1) 1) ka ho kenyelletsa liprotheine tse tšosang mocheso (Maalouf et al., 2009), lintlha tsa kholo (Maswood et al., 2004), le liprotheine tse sa hlokeng botsitso (Liu et al., 2006). Ka tlholeho, CHO e feteletseng e na le litla-morao tsa mokokotlo joalo ka ha ho buisanoa ka Zilberter (2011), Hipkiss (2008), kapa Manzanero et al. (2011).

Setšoantšo sa 1

Setšoantšo sa 1

Lijo tse matla-phahameng / tse phahameng tsa CHO khahlanong le lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata / li-CHO tse matla: Bokhoba ba ho ja, botenya, neurotoxicity le neuroprotection li ameha ka mekhoa e fapaneng ka ho fapana.. E qotsitsoe ho tsoa ho Avena le Khauta (2011), Bocarsly et al. (2011), Avena et al. (2012), Berner et al. (2009), ...

Eya ho:

fihlela qeto e

Ho ela hloko likarolo tse amanang hantle le metabolism tse amanang le phepo ho ka thusa ho qoba ho hlaka moelelo oa mefuta ea lijo le ho thusa litlhalosong tsa data. Ho latela pono ena, li-macronutrients li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho khethollleng litlamorao tsa boits'oaro le metabolism.

Eya ho:

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