Ho fokotseha ha orbitofrontal cortical ho banna ba batona ba nang le lithethefatsi tsa inthanete (2013)

Behav Brain Funct. 2013; 9: 11.

E phatlalalitsoe marang-rang 2013 March 12. doi: 10.1186/1744-9081-9-11

PMCID: PMC3608995

Hauf-Beom Hong,^1,^2,³ Jae-Won Kim,³ Eun-Jung Choi,⁴ Ho-Hyun Kim,⁵ Jeong-Eun Suh,⁶ Chang-Dai Kim,⁷ Paul Klauser,¹ Sarah Whittle,¹ Murat Yűcel,¹ Christos Pantelis,¹ 'me Haufinyane-Hyung Yi⁴

Boitsebiso ba Mongoli ► Lingoloa tsa sengoloa ► Boitsebiso ba Copyright le License ►

inahaneloang

Background

Orbitof Pambal cortex (OFC) e bile le tšusumetso khafetsa ho tsa bophelo ba lithethefatsi le litloaelo tsa boits'oaro. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho na lipatlisiso ho fihlela joale tse hlahlobeng boholo ba OFC bokhobeng ba marang-rang. Phuputsong e teng hona joale, re fuputse boteng ba ho se tšoane ha boholo ba cortical ea OFC ho bacha ba lemaletseng marang-rang. Motheong oa mehlala ea litumelo tse ncha tse nchafalitsoeng haufinyane, re boletse esale pele phokotso ea botenya ho OFC ea batho ba lemaletseng marang-rang.

Liphello

Barupeluoa e ne e le bacha ba 15 ba batona ba fumanoang ba le lecha la marang-rang le lithuto tsa banna tsa 15 tse nepahetseng tsa ho bapisa. Litšoantšo tsa bono tsa bono li ile tsa fumanoa ho 3T MRI 'me ho ile ha hlahlojoa liphapang tsa sehlopha ka boholo ba cortical ho sebelisoa FreeSurfer. Liphetho tsa rona li netefalitse hore bacha ba batona ba lemaletseng marang-rang ba fokotsehile haholo ka botoneng ba cortical ka ho nepahetseng ka morao ho OFC (p

fihlela qeto e

Phumano ena e ts'ehetsa pono ea hore liphetoho tse bang teng ho OFC ho bacha ba nang le ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang li bonts'a letšoao le arolelanang la mathata a amanang le bokhoba ka kakaretso.

Keywords: Tebello ea inthanete, monahano oa Magnetic resonance, botenya ba Cortical, Orbitof Pambal cortex

Selelekela

Bokhoba ba marang-rang bo 'nile ba amoheloa ka ho eketsehileng e le bokuli ba kelello. Likhakanyo tsa morao-rao tsa ho ata ha eona ho batho ba bacha, hammoho le bopaki ba hore ts'ebeliso e mpe ea inthanete ke boitšoaro bo bobe bo nang le litlamorao tse mpe tse ka bang teng mesebetsing le bophelo bo botle ba kelello, bo ts'ehetsa bonnete ba tlhahlobo eo [1]. Leha ho le joalo, ho bile le ho se utloane ho hoholo bakeng sa DSM-V mabapi le ho tseba boemo bona bo bocha, kapa psychopathology ea mantlha [2]. Ka lebaka la semelo sena, ho khetholla boteng ba matšoao afe kapa afe a tlhaho ho ka thusa ho ntlafatsa bonnete ba ho tsebahala [3].

Motheo oa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tsa lithethefatsi o ithutile haholo mme o thehiloe hamolemo ha o bapisoa le mefuta e meng ea 'tšebeliso' (temallo ea boitšoaro). Ho fihlela joale, lithuto tse ngata ho lingoliloeng li hatisitse karolo ea orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) ho lemaletseng [4-6]. Volkow le basebetsi mmoho (2000, 2002) ba fana ka maikutlo a hore OFC ke e 'ngoe ea libaka tsa pele tsa cortical tse amehang haholo ts'ebelisong ea lithethefatsi [4,7]. Haufinyane, bafuputsi sehlopheng sa rona ba tlalehile sephetho sa lipatlisiso tsa nako e telele tse boletsoeng esale pele ba bonts'a hore tlhekefetso ea methapo ho OFC e kanna ea rera esale pele le ho kenya letsoho kotsing ea ts'ebeliso ea hamorao ea cannabis ho bacha.8]. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, leha lithuto tse 'maloa li entsoe, liphetoho tse tlalehiloeng tšebetsong ea litheko tsa inthanete li fetohile ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ho bonts'a mosebetsi o fetotsoeng oa OFC (haholo-holo ka sebopeho se nepahetseng)9-14].

Re ile ra nahana hore bacha ba nang le bokhoba ba marang-rang ba ka bonts'a tlhekefetso ea OFC, ka mokhoa o ikhethang hemisphere. Haholo-holo re sebelisitse papiso ea taolo ea botenya ba cortical ho bacha le ntle le ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang, haholo re shebane le papali e ngata ea inthanete, e leng e 'ngoe ea lintlha tse kholo tsa bohlasoa bona.15].

Lisebelisoa le mekhoa

Lihlooho

Bacha ba leshome le metso e mehlano ba batona ba lemaletseng marang-rang ba ile ba hapuoa ka papatso sepetleleng sa Seoul National University. Ho hira ho ile ha etsoa pakeng tsa Hlakola le Phuptjane 2011. In ho etsa tlhahiso ea tlhahlobo ea litheko tsa marang-rang re sebelisitse New Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS) [16]. Ntle le moo, barupeluoa ba ne ba arotsoe feela ho ba tlaleha ho ba le likarolo tse tloaelehileng tsa bokhoba ka papali ea bona ea inthaneteng ho kenyelletsa: ho mamella, ho tlosa chelete, ho ameha ka ho e bapala, liteko tse sa atleheng tsa ho e fokotsa kapa ho e emisa, ho bile le tšusumetso e mpe ha ba leka ho e fokotsa, le ho hlokomoloha likamano tsa bohlokoa kapa mesebetsi ka lebaka la eona [17,18].

Bakeng sa ho kenyelletsa mafu a kelello a kelello a comorbid, re sebelisitse Kiddie-Kemiso ea Mathata a Kopaneng le Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) [19]. Bacha ba phetseng hantle ba ile ba hapuoa ka papatso likolong tsa lehae mme ba hlahlojoa ba sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tšoanang tsa tlhahlobo tse hlalositsoeng kaholimo. Mekhoa ea ho lelekoa bakeng sa lihlopha tsena ka bobeli e ne e le lefu la kelello la lefu la kelello le amanang le tlhekefetso ea sethoathoa, lefu la sethoathoa kapa mathata a mang a methapo, le nalane ea nakong e fetileng ea hlooho e bohloko. Ho ata ha bokhoba ba marang-rang ho nahanoa hore bo phahame haholo ho banna ho feta basali.1]. Ka lebaka la hore banna ba emeloa haholo ke batho ba lemaletseng marang-rang, mme ba fuoa nako le litekanyetso tsa tekanyetso, re nkile qeto ea ho shebana feela le bacha ba batona. Boithuto bona bo amohetsoe ke boto ea tlhahlobo ea setheo bakeng sa lithuto tsa batho Univesithing ea Seoul ea Sechaba ea Seoul. Bacha bohle le batsoali ba bona ba ile ba fana ka tumello e ngotsoeng e fanoeng pele ho thuto.

Ho fumana data

Litšoantšo tsohle tsa MR tsa T1 tse nang le boima ba MR li fumanoe ho scan ninemanga ea 3T Motorola (Motorola Magnetom Trio Tim Syngo MR B17, Jeremane) ka liparamente tse latelang: TR 1900 ms; TE 2.36 ms; nako ea ho fetola 700 ms; flip angle 9 °; boholo ba voxel 1.0 mm³; lingoloa 224. Mehopolo ea hlooho e ne e fokotsoa ka ho tlatsa sebaka se se nang letho ho potoloha hlooho ka masela a seponche le ho lokisa mohlahare o ka tlase ka theipi.

Ts'ebetso ea litšoantšo

Cortical botenya bo hakanngoa ho sebelisa FreeSurfer 5.1.0 (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, US), lisebelisoa tsa software tse fanang ka mokhoa o ikemetseng oa ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa morphometry ea boko. Molapo o thehiloeng holim'a metsi o kenyelletsa (i) normalization ea matla a bophahamo ba leseli la mokokotlo, (ii) ho roala lehata, (iii) karohano ea taba e putsoa le e tšoeu, (iv) ho hlakola sebopeho sa bohlooho bo bosoeu (bokantle bo kahare), le (v ) ho lelekisa bokaholimo ba pial (kantle). Sebaka se pakeng tsa lifahleho tse lekanang lintlheng tsena tse peli se emetse botebo ba cortical. Cortex eohle ea sehlooho ka seng e ile ea hlahlojoa ka pono le ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng bakeng sa liphoso ka mokhoa o sa boneng ho boemo ba sehlopha sa bankakarolo. Re sebelisitse mohlala oa rona ho hlahisa sepheo sa sepheo se akaretsang 'me tlhaiso-leseling bakeng sa morupeluoa e mong le e mong e ile ea ntlafatsoa ka botlalo bo boholo ba halofo e phahameng ea halofo ea Gaussian ea 10 mm pele ho tlhahlobo ea lipalo.

Tlhahlobo ea lintlha

Boithuto ba tikoloho-ea-thahasello (ROI) bo hlophisitsoeng bo entsoe ho bapisa botenya ba OFC e hlahisoang ke FreeSurfer e ipapisitse le li-atlas tsa Desikan-Killiany [20]. Haholo-holo, moko-taba oa Desikan-Killiany o hlalosa karohano ea makhopho a OFC. Meeli ea "rostral / caudal and medial / lateral" ea meaho ena e 'meli ke boholo ba karolo ea "" "" "herb or gital" / "karolo ea" patral "ea" lateral orbital "le" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" "" ". kapa lesapo la mokokotlo la insular sulcus) ea lateral OFC; le boholo ba rostral ba medial orbital gyrus / karolo ea caudal ea medial orbital gyrus (kapa gyrus rectus) le cingrate cortex / bank ea medial ea boemo bo holimo bo ka pele bakeng sa medial OFC, ka ho latellana [20]. Ts'ebetso ea covariance (ANCOVA) e sebelisang mofuta o akaretsang oa lebota (GLM) e entsoe ka SPSS 19.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), 'me phello ea mantlha ea sehlopha (taolo ea marang-rang le taolo e phetseng hantle) e ile ea hlahlojoa ho laola lilemo , bohlale quotient (IQ), le bophahamo ba kelello intracranial (ICV). Liphetho tsa tlhahlobo ena li tlalehiloe ka moelelo oa bohlokoa oa p<0.05 (mehatla e 'meli).

Results

Litšobotsi tsa karolo

Lihlopha tsa bacha ba lilemong tsa bocha ba nang le lithethefatsi tsa inthanete ntle le ntle le marang-rang li ne li fapane haholo ka lilemo (13.33 ± 2.84 ea ho lemalla marang-rang; 15.40 ± 1.24 bakeng sa taolo; p= 0.018). IQ e ne e bapisoa ka lihlopha tsohle ka bobeli (103.80 ± 15.84 bakeng sa ho lemalla marang-rang; 109.06 ± 9.84 bakeng sa taolo; p= 0.283), 'me ho fumanoe phapang e kholo ho ICV (1434.42 ± 158.33 cm³ bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang; 1577.21 ± 183.12 cm³ taolo; p= 0.030). Pale ea YIAS e ne e phahame haholo sehlopheng sa bokhoba ba marang-rang (57.26 ± 16.11 bakeng sa ho lemalla marang-rang; 37.60 ± 9.72 bakeng sa taolo; p= 0.000).

Litlhahlobo tse thehiloeng ho ROI

Tlhatlhobo e senotse li-ROI tse 'ne tse nang le phapang e kholo boteng ba cortical (p<0.05), eo e neng e le lateral OFC, isthmus ea cingate cortex, le par orbitalis ka lehlakoreng le letona le lateral occipital cortex karolong e ka letsohong le letšehali, kaofela li bonts'a ho fokola ha cortical ho bacha ba nang le bokhoba ba inthanete ha ba bapisoa le taolo e phetseng hantle (Tafole1).

Papiso e makatsang ea tikoloho ea lithahasello tsa boholo ba cortical pakeng tsa bacha ba nang le ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang le taolo e ntle ea bophelo

Tlhahlobo ea bobeli

Ho fana ka pono e tlatselletsang ea seo re se fumaneng, tlhahlobo ea boko e thehiloeng holim'a boksi e sebelisang Qdec ea FreeSurfer (phetolelo ea 1.4) e entsoe ka ho lekana ha GLM e pakeng tsa setsi se seng le se seng sa sefahleho ho bapisa botenya ba cortical lipakeng tsa lihlopha (tse sa lokang, p<0.001). Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe Setšoantšong1, Phokotso ea boima ba lateral OFC e ile ea phetoa ke tlhahlobo ena.

Setšoantšo sa 1

Setšoantšo sa 1

Ho bapisoa ha kelello ka bohlale ba Vertex ka boholo ba cortical pakeng tsa bacha le bokhoba ba marang-rang le taolo e phetseng hantle. 'Mala o mofubelu o bontša botenya ba cortical bo boholo ho bacha ba nang le ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang,' me mmala o moputsoa o bontša botenya ba cortical ...

Puisano

Ena ke thuto ea pele ea ho nahana ka bokaholimo ba bokhoni ba cortical ho bacha ba nang le ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang. E lumellana le tšibollo ea rona, liphetho li bonts'a bokhutšoanyane ba OFC sehlopheng sa bokhoba ba marang-rang se bapisoang le taolo e phetseng hantle. Ho fumana hona ho tsamaellana le liphetho tsa lithuto tsa pele tsa marang-rang tsa tahi ea inthanete [9-14], hape e ts'ehetsa mohlala oa likhopolo tsa mafu a ho lemalla, tse totobatsang ho nka karolo ha OFC.

Ho fumana hona joale marang-rang ho ts'ehetsa liphetho tsa lithuto tsa pele mabapi le bokhoba ba lithethefatsi, ho kenyeletsa le tsa rona [8], ba phehileng khang ea hore tokelo ea OFC e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa mochining oa likokoana-hloko oa mafu a tlhekefetso ho feta tekano. Sephetho sa thuto ena ha se tsamaisane feela le liphetho tse ling tse ngata tse fumanoeng ho lingoliloeng tse hlahisang karolo ea OFC tšebelisong [4-6], empa hape le tse bonts'ang hore sebaka sena sa boko ho hemisphere e nepahetseng se kanna sa bohlokoa ka ho khetheha [21].

Thutong ena, ho bontšoa feela hore ho na le li-lateral tsa morao-rao ebile eseng tsa medial tse fapaneng haholo ho bacha ba nang le ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang. Lebaka la phumano ena ha le hlake, empa ho bile le lithuto tse ngata tse tlalehang mesebetsi e fapaneng lipakeng tsa OFC tsa morao-rao le tsa medial, haholoholo liqetong tse amanang le moputso [22]. Mohlala, OFC ea medial e fumanoe e sebelisitsoe ka mokhoa o khethang likhethong tse kenyelletsang meputso ea hang-hang, athe OFC ea morao-rao e kentse letsoho likhethong tse mabapi le meputso e lietsitsoeng kapa khatello ea likarabo tse fuoeng pele [23,24]. Hoa hlokomeleha hore parb orbitalis, eo hamorao e bapileng le laterC OFC, le eona e bonts'itse ho fokola ho hoholo ha cortical ho bacha ka temallo ea inthanete. Ho fumana hona ho ts'ehetsa hore ho koata ha cortical ho fumaneha haholo karolong ea morao ea OFC, ntle le kapa ho sa kenyeletse medial OFC. Mosebetsi o mong o hlophiselitsoe mesebetsing e ka 'nang ea fapana ka morao le ea bongaka ea OFC.

Hamorao OFC le eona e kentsoe letsoho khaellong ea maemo a ho feto-fetoha le maemo le litloaelo tsa mekhoa ea methapo ea kutlo [25]. Mabapi le sena, Chamberlain le basebetsi-mmoho (2008) ba bonts'itse hore lateral ea OFC e ka ba sehlohlolong sa mefuta ea methapo ea kutlo e amanang le khatello ea kelello (OCD) [26]. Hangata bokhoba ba boitšoaro bo botle bo nkoa bo arolelana likarolo tse tšoanang le mafu a mang a tsebahalang ho kenyeletsa OCD [2], ho kenyelletsa mathata a itseng a ho tlohela boitšoaro bo itseng bo bakang litlamorao tse mpe. Rotge le basebetsi-mmoho (2008, 2010), ba ipapisitse le tlhahlobo ea bona ea pele ea meta [27,28], e fuputsitsoeng e potileng libaka tsa boko lipakeng tsa limmapa tsa boko bo sebetsang le tse sebetsang tse bonts'itseng phetoho e kholo ea boemo ba bohlooho le tšebetso nakong ea ts'oaetso ea matšoao, ho bakuli ba OCD: bangoli ba fumane hore sebaka feela sa bokaholimo ba boko e ne e le laterC OF. Haufinyane, Zhou le basebetsi-mmoho (2012) ba bonts'itse ho feto-fetoha hoa kelello ho sa tsamaellaneng le karabelo e mpe ea karabelo ho batho ba baholo ba nang le ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang [29]. Litlamorao tsa botenya ba cortical bo fokotsehileng ho lateral OFC, mabapi le karolo ea eona ea ho lemalla marang-rang le maemo a mang a nang le likarolo tse tšoanang tsa neurobehaisheral, li ka ba tlasa lithuto tsa nako e tlang.

Boithuto ba hona joale bo na le meeli e itseng ea bohlokoa. Ka holim'a tsohle, karolelano ea lilemo tse fapaneng lipakeng tsa lihlopha e ne e le lithibelo tse tebileng tsa thuto ena. Leha ho le joalo, litlaleho tsa pejana mabapi le kholo ea ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea boko li bonts'a hore bokete ba cortical bo nyoloha ka nako e ka bang lilemo tsa 8-9 mme joale ho ts'oaroa ha lefatše ka cortical ho qala kamora moo [30]. Taba ke hore bohle ba neng ba nkile karolo thutong ea rona ba ne ba fetile lilemo tsena. Ka hona, ho bacha, hangata bacha ba ba le cortex e ngata; ho fumana ha rona tokelo e nyane ea OFC sehlopheng sa batho ba lemaletseng marang-rang ka tsela e nyane ho fana ka maikutlo a hore phapang ea lilemo ka lihlopha e ne e se monyetla oa hore e ka ama litholoana. Taba ea bobeli, ha rea lekanya hore na nako ea ho lemalla marang-rang e kae. Taba ea boraro, barupeluoa ba neng ba ithuta sehlopheng sa bokhoba ba marang-rang e ne e le libapali tsa inthanete, ka hona, liphumano tsa hona joale li ka kenyelletsa kakaretso e eketsehileng ho tse ling tse tlisoang ke bokhoba ba marang-rang [15].

Ka kakaretso, sephetho sa boithuto ba hona joale se bonts'a sephetho sa mantlha sa botona bo nepahetseng ba OFC ho bacha ba lemaletseng marang-rang. Se fumanoeng se fana ka maikutlo a amanang le ts'ebelisano 'moho pakeng tsa ho lemalla marang-rang le likhathatso tse ling tse lemalloang.

Lithahasello tse tsitsitseng

Bangoli bohle ba phatlalatsa hore ha ba na thahasello ea tlholisano.

Menehelo ea bangoli

SBH e entse tlhahlobo ea data mme e ngotse moralo oa pele oa buka e ngotsoeng ka letsoho. JWK, CDK, le SHY li ne li ikarabella molemong oa thuto le moralo. SBH, EJC, HHK, le JES ba ne ba ikarabella bakeng sa ho fumana tlhaiso-leseling ea kliniki le ea ho nahana. PK le SW ba thusitsoe ke tlhaiso-leseling ea data. PK, SW, MY, le CP li kentse letsoho phetolelong ea ho qetela ea buka e ngotsoeng ka letsoho. JWK, CDK, MY, CP, le SHY ba thusitse ho toloka litaba le ho fana ka dikahare tsa bohlokoa tsa thuto. Bangoli bohle ba ile ba hlahloba ka hloko se ngotsoeng mme ba amohela mofuta oa ho qetela o tlisitsoeng hore o phatlalatsoe.

Liteboho

Mosebetsi ona o ne o tšehelitsoe ke Letlole la Lipatlisiso tsa Setsi sa Sechaba sa Setso sa Sechaba sa Sebui sa Seoul. SBH e tšehelitsoe ke lithuso tsa National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (Lenaneo la Global Internship) le tšehelitsoeng ke mmuso oa Korea (MEST). BOPHELO ba ka bo tšehelitsoe ke chelete ea bonngoe ea NHMRC (#1021973). Bafani ba ne ba se na karolo morerong oa ho ithuta, ho bokella, ho sekaseka kapa ho toloka data, ho ngola sengoloa, kapa qeto ea ho tlisa pampiri hore e phatlalatsoe.

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