PLoS One. 2018; 13 (7): e0201484.
E hatisitsoe Inthaneteng 2018 Jul 26. doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0201484
PMCID: PMC6062136
PMID: 30048544
inahaneloang
Phuputso e teng hona joale e fuputse kamano lipakeng tsa phallo e bang teng ha ho sebelisoa Facebook (Facebook flow; ke hore, boiphihlelo ba ho natefeloa le ho natefeloa haholo ke ts'ebeliso ea Facebook ka lebaka leo ts'ebetso ea Facebook e ntseng e tsoela pele le ka litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa boitšoaro bona) le Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD ). Mohlala oa basebelisi ba Facebook ba 398 (lilemo: M (SD) = 33.01 (11.23), bophara: 18-64), kamano e ntle e lipakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD e ne e laoloa ka nepo ke matla a ts'ebeliso ea Facebook. Tlhahlobo ea lintlha tse hlalositsoeng e senotse hore lintho tsohle tse tšeletseng tse hlahlobang FAD li laetse ntho e le 'ngoe le lintho tse peli tse tsamaeang le tumello ea Facebook ea subscale. Ka hona, khokahano e haufi pakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD e kanna ea hlaha ka ho khetheha ho kenella ka har'a lefats'e le khahlehang la marang-rang le entsoeng ke Facebook, moo basebelisi ba balehelang ho lebala litlamo le mathata a bona a letsatsi le letsatsi. Liphetho tsa hona joale li fana ka bopaki ba pele ba hore phallo ea Facebook e kanna ea hlalosoa ke FAD mme e bonts'a mekhoa e ka kenyang nts'etsopele le polokeho ea eona. Likopo tse sebetsang bakeng sa lithuto tsa nako e tlang le meeli ea liphetho tsa hona joale li tšohloa.
Selelekela
Botho ho sebaka sa marang-rang sa marang-rang (SNS) Facebook e tlisa melemo e mengata (mohlala, puisano e sebetsang, ho intlafatsa le boithabiso) empa e ka boetse ea hlahisa likotsi. Mabapi le likotsi tse ka ba teng tsa tšebeliso ea Facebook, Andreassen et al. [1] fuputsa tse bitsoang Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD). Ba hlalositse FAD e le tlatsetso ea bokhoba ba boits'oaro bo kenyelletsang litšobotsi tse tšeletseng tsa bohlokoa, ke hore, ho se sebetse (joalo ka monahano o sa feleng oa SNS Facebook), mamello (ke hore, tšebeliso e ngata ea ts'ebeliso ea Facebook e hlokoa ho fihlella boemo bo fetileng ba phello e ntle), maikutlo phetisetso (ke hore, ntlafatso ea maikutlo ka ts'ebeliso ea Facebook), ho khutla hape (ke ho re, ho khutlela morao tšebelisong ea tšebeliso ea ts'ebetso kamora liteko tse sa sebetseng tsa ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea Facebook), matšoao a ho khaola (ke hore, ho ba le letsoalo ntle le ts'ebeliso ea Facebook), le likhohlano (ke hore, mathata a ho kenella ha motho a bakiloeng ke ts'ebeliso e matla ea Facebook). Brailovskaia le Margraf [2] e bonts'itse keketseho e kholo ea palo ea basebelisi, ba fihletseng lintlha tse mahlonoko tsa FAD cutoff, nakong ea selemo se le seng. FAD e fumanoe e amana hantle le bong ba banna, botho bo ts'oara ho fetella, neuroticism le narcissism, hammoho le morethetho oa circadian (bosiu ba ho robala le linako tse ntseng li phahama matsatsing a beke le beke). Sehokelo sa eona se amanang le lilemo tse feto-fetohang, litsobotsi tse ntle, letsoalo le ho pepeseha, le boikoetliso bo ne bo le bobe [2-5]. Ho feta moo, kamano e ntle e fumanoe pakeng tsa FAD le bophelo bo botle ba kelello ba ho hloka boroko, khatello ea maikutlo, matšoenyeho le matšoao a khatello ea maikutlo [2, 6-8]. Ntle le moo, liphuputso tsa morao tjena li tlaleha temallo ea mecha ea litaba ea sechaba, e kenyelletsang tšebeliso ea tšebeliso ea Facebook, hore e hokahane haholo le mekhoa e fapaneng ea sehokelo [9] (ka mantsoe a mang, e ntle: mokhoa oa ho hokahana le oa ho qoba;10] (ka mantsoe a mang, e nepahetse: mokhoa oa ho qoba ho sebelisa boitsebiso le ho qoba ho sebelisa hampe; hampe: mokhoa o tloahelehileng) [11, 12]. Ha re nahana ka liphetho tsena, potso e hlaha ea hore na ho na le mabaka afe a anang le nts'etsopele le tlhokomelo ea FAD.
Boithuto ba pejana bo ileng ba etsa lipatlisiso ka mefuta e meng ea mecha ea litaba ho feta Facebook (mohlala, lipapali tsa video, ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang ka kakaretso) li senotse khokahano e ntle pakeng tsa boits'oaro bo bobe le boiphihlelo ba phallo [13-15]. Ho latela litlhaloso tsa Csikszentmihalyi ([16]; leqephe la 4), ketsahalo ea phallo ke "boemo boo ho bona batho ba kentseng letsoho mosebetsing o mong hoo ho seng ho bonahala ho se letho leo ba nang le lona; boiphihlelo bo monate haholo hoo batho ba tla tsoelapele ho e etsa leha ba lahleheloa haholo, molemong oa ho e etsa. ”Bangoli ba bang ba re ketsahalo ena ea phallo e fana ka maikutlo a ts'ebeliso e ntle ea ts'ebeliso ea mecha ea phatlalatso hobane ho natefeloa haholo ke ho ba monate. boiphihlelo ba kelello, ke hore, moputso o kenang, ke e 'ngoe ea litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa tsa phallo [17], kenya letsoho kholisong ea tlhoko e matla ea ho kenya letsoho ts'ebelisong e matla ea phatlalatso [15, 18]. Ntle le moo, khokahano e ntle lipakeng tsa phallo ea tšebeliso ea tšebeliso ea litaba le tšebeliso e ntle ea tšebeliso e ne e nahanoa hore e matlafatsoa ke boiphihlelo ba ho kheloha nako ho atileng ho tlalehiloeng ke libapali tsa video tse feteletseng [18, 19].
Ha re nahana ka liphetho tse fetileng le hore ts'ebeliso ea Facebook e fumanoe e amana hantle le boiphihlelo ba ho phalla (ho thoeng ke phallo ea Facebook) [20, 21], ho bonahala ho utloahala ho khopisa hore phallo ea Facebook e hokahane hantle le FAD mme e kanna ea kenya letsoho kholisong ea eona le ho e boloka. Leha ho le joalo, molemong oa tsebo ea rona, sehokela sena ha se so ka se fuputsoa ho fihlela joale. Ka hona, sepheo sa mantlha sa thuto e teng e ne e le ho etsa lipatlisiso hore na ho tsamaea ha Facebook ho hokahane le FAD joang. Liphetho li ka kenya letsoho kutlwisisong ea likotsi tse ka bang teng le tse sirelletsang nts'etsopele le tlhokomelo ea FAD 'me ka hona li ka kenyelletsoa mererong ea ho kenella ho thibela ho lemalla ha Facebook. Sena se bohlokoa ka ho khetheha ho latela botumo bo phahameng ba Facebook [22]. Facebook e tsoela pele ho qothisana lehlokoa le li-SNS hole. Hajoale ho hlalositsoe basebelisi ba khoeli le khoeli ba fetang limilione tse likete tse peli [23].
Motheong oa lebaka lena re hlahisitse tlhahiso ea hore phallo ea Facebook le FAD li amanang hantle (Hypothesis 1). Haholo-holo, re aha ka liphetho tsa morao-rao (mohlala, [19]), re ne re lebelletse ho fumana khokahano e matla haholo lipakeng tsa monate oa likarolo le tšitiso ea nako ea phallo ea Facebook ka lehlakoreng le leng le FAD ka lehlakoreng le leng (Hypothesis 2). Ntle le moo, ho nahanisisa ka lipatlisiso tsa pejana tsa Wu, Scott le Yang [15], ea senotseng kamano pakeng tsa papali ea libapali tsa video le ho lemalla ho bonahala li le matla har'a libapali tse nang le boiphihlelo, re nahana hore botebo ba Facebook bo sebelisa hantle ho tsamaisa khokahano lipakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD (Hypothesis 3).
Lisebelisoa le mekhoa
Tsamaiso le barupeluoa
Boitsebiso ba basebelisi ba Facebook ba 398 Facebook (73.6% basali; lilemo (lilemo): M = 33.01, SD = 11.23, mefuta: 18-64; mosebetsi: basebetsi ba 55.8%, liithuti tsa 29.4%, liithuti tsa sekolo tsa 1.5%, baithuti ba 4.8% bakeng sa ba fapaneng liprofesa tse kang baker, 6% batho ba sa sebetseng, ba setseng ba amohelang 2.5%; boemo ba lenyalo: 29.6% e le 'ngoe, 42.2% le molekane oa maikutlo a lerato, 28.1% ba nyalane) ba ile ba bokelloa ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho fihlela ka Hlakubele 2018 ka tlhahlobo ea inthanete ka puo ea Sejeremane. Ba arabelang ba ile ba hapuoa ka limemo tsa ho nka karolo tse bontšitsoeng ho li-SNS tse fapaneng (ke hore, Facebook, Twitter, Xing, meinVZ). Tlhokahalo ea ho nka karolo, e neng e etsoa ka boithaopo ebile e sa lefelloe, e ne e le setho sa hajoale sa Facebook. Leha sampole e se moemeli oa baahi ba Jeremane ka kakaretso, barupeluoa ba emetse lihlopha tse fapaneng har'a bongata joalo ka ha ho bontšoa ke mesebetsi e mengata. Tšebeliso ea Facebook e tumme haholo Jeremane (basebelisi ba fetang limilione tse 31; [24]) mme litho tsa eona li emela setšoantšo sa basebelisi ba SNS ba Jeremane. Hlokomela hore memo ea ho nka karolo ha ea ka ea hlakisa potso ea lipatlisiso kapa e boletsoeng ho phallo ea Facebook kapa FAD. Leha ho le joalo-joalo ka lithuto tse ling tse ngata tse fumanehang marang-rang, tse mafolofolo sethaleng se seng le se seng sa marang-rang moo memo ea ho nka karolo e behiloeng, ba na le monyetla oa ho nka karolo ho ithuteng ho feta basebelisi ba seng mafolofolo. Tumello ea Komiti ea Patlisiso le Boitšoaro ea Komiti ea Boitšoaro ea Ruhr-Universität Bochum bakeng sa ts'ebetsong ts'ebetso ea thuto e teng e amohetse. Re ile ra latela melao le melaoana eohle ea naha mabapi le lipatlisiso tsa lithuto tsa batho, mme ra fumana tumello e hlokahalang ea ho etsa thuto ea hona joale. Barupeluoa ba ne ba laetsoe ka nepo mme ba fuoe tumello e fanoeng inthaneteng ea ho nka karolo. Boithuto ba hona joale ke karolo ea projeke e tsoelang pele ea "Bochum Optimism and Mental Health (BOOM)" e etsang lipatlisiso ka maemo a kotsi le a ts'ireletso a bophelo bo botle ba kelello (mohlala, [25]). Lethathamo lena le sebelisitsoeng thutong ea hona joale le fumaneha ho S1 Dataset.
Mehato
Sebelisa ka Facebook
Ts'ebeliso ea Facebook. E tšoana le Wu, Scott le Yang [15], ho lekanya boholo ba ts'ebeliso ea Facebook, matšoao a mane a kenyellelitsoe: nako ea ho ba setho sa Facebook (ka likhoeli), khafetsa tšebeliso ea letsatsi le leng le le leng ea Facebook, nako ea tšebeliso ea Facebook ea letsatsi le letsatsi (ka metsotso), le khokahano ea maikutlo ho Facebook le ho ikopanya ha eona matsatsing a letsatsi le letsatsi bophelo bo lekantsoeng le Facebook Intensity Scale (FIS; [26]). Lintho tse tšeletseng tsa FIS li kentsoe sekhahla sa Likert-5-Xert (1 = ha se lumellane ka botlalo, 5 = lumela ka tieo; mohlala, "Facebook ke karolo ea tšebetso ea ka ea letsatsi le leng le le leng"; pejana o ile a fumana ts'epo ea sekhahla sa Cronbach's α = .85, ho tšepahala ha hajoale: α = .82). Letšoao le kopantseng la matšoao ana a mane le ile la fihleloa ka ho kopanya moelelo oa lipontšo tsa z-tse fetotsoeng (α = .47).
Phallo ea Facebook. Boiphihlelo ba lipale tse amanang le tšebeliso ea Facebook bo ile ba hlahlojoa le mofuta o hlophisitsoeng oa lipotso tsa "Facebook flow" tse nkiloeng ho Kwak, Choi, le Lee [21]. Kamora ts'ebetsong ea litlhahlobo tsa litsebi ke litsebi tse tharo tse koetlisitsoeng tsa psychology, tse ileng tsa lekola ho nepahala ha maemo, conciseness, le mantsoe a XZUMX a sebelisitsoeng ke Kwak, Choi, le Lee [21], Lintho tse leshome le motso o mong tse arotsoeng mekoloto e mehlano li ile tsa khethoa bakeng sa boithuto ba hona joale (ho tšepahala ha lintho tsa leshome le motso o mong hona joale: α = .88): subscale "tsepamisitsoeng maikutlo" e kenyelletsa lintho tse peli tse buang ka khatello e phahameng le tsepamiso ho ts'ebeliso ea Facebook; subscale "monate" e entsoe ka lintho tse peli tse buang ka thabo le thabo / monate o hlahisoang ke ts'ebeliso ea Facebook; subscale "bohelehele" e kenyelletsa lintho tse peli tse buang ka takatso ea ho tseba se etsahalang ho Facebook; subspale "telepresence" e na le lintho tse tharo tse bolelang maikutlo a ho qoelisoa lefats'e le qapiloeng ke Facebook; subscale "ho senya nako" ho kenyelletsa lintho tse peli tse buang ka ho felloa ke nako ha nako ea tšebeliso ea Facebook. Lintho tsohle li lekantsoe sethaleng sa 5-point Likert (1 = ho se lumellane ka matla, 5 = lumellana ka matla). Lethathamo 1 e hlahisa mantsoe a bona le ho ts'epahala ho kahare ho mekoloto e mehlano.
Lethathamo 1
| Likamore tse tlase le Lintho | α |
|---|---|
| Phallo ea phallo ea FB "Ho tsepamisa mohopolo" | .88 |
| 1. Ha ke ntse ke sebelisa Facebook, ke ts'oarehile haholo. | |
| 2. Ha ke ntse ke sebelisa Facebook, ke ikakhetse ka setotsoana mosebetsing oo ke o etsang. | |
| Phallo ea phallo ea FB " | .90 |
| 3. Ho sebelisa Facebook ho nthabisa haholo. | |
| 4. Ke thabela ho sebelisa Facebook. | |
| Phallo ea FB e tsamaisang "Curiosity" e tlatsetsang | .70 |
| 5. Ho sebelisa Facebook ho tsosa mohopolo oa ka. | |
| 6. Ho sebelisa Facebook ho etsa hore ke bohelehele. | |
| Phallo ea phallo ea FB ea “Telepresence” | .84 |
| 7. Ho sebelisa Facebook hangata ho etsa hore ke lebale hore na ke hokae le hore na ho etsahala'ng hona joale haufi le 'na. | |
| 8. Facebook e theha lefatše le lecha, 'me lefatše lena le nyamela ka tšohanyetso ha ke khaotsa ho bala. | |
| 9. Ha ke ntse ke sebelisa Facebook, lefatše le hlahisoang ke libaka tseo ke li etetseng ke tsa nnete ho nna ho feta lefatše la nnete. | |
| FB e phallela subscale "Ho Senya Nako" | .79 |
| 10. Nako ea fofa ha ke sebelisa Facebook. | |
| 11. Hangata ke qeta nako e ngata ho Facebook ho feta kamoo ke neng ke rerile. |
FB = Facebook.
Lintho tse sebelisitsoeng thutong ea joale li fumaneha ka S2 File.
Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD).Mofuta oa nakoana oa Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS; [1]) e hlahlobe FAD ka tatellano ea nako ea selemo se fetileng ka lintho tse tšeletseng (mohlala, "Na u bile le tšekamelo ea ho sebelisa Facebook le ho feta?") e emelang likarolo tse tšeletseng tsa tšibollo ea kelello (ke hore, ho thella, ho mamella, ho feto-fetoha ha maikutlo, ho khutla hape, tlosa, likhohlano). Lintho li lekantsoe sethaleng sa 5-point Likert (1 = ka seoelo, 5 = khafetsa). BFAS e fumanoe e bonts'a thepa e ntle ea psychometric ka mokhoa o tšoanang le phetolelo ea 18 e bolelele bo felletseng (pejana e tlalehiloe ho ts'epahala kahare: α = .82-.91; mohlala, [1, 3, 5, 27, 28]), hammoho le Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS; [29]) e lekang tlhekefetso ea mecha ea litaba ea sechaba ka lintho tse ts'eletseng ebile e nkiloe ho BFAS (pejana e tlalehiloe ho ts'epahala ho ka hare ho BSMAS: α = .86-.88; mohlala, [11, 30]). Ho tšepahala ha BFAS hajoale: α = .86. Ho hlahisitsoe mekhoa e 'meli ea karolelano ea likarolo tsa mathata a BFAS [1]: mokhoa oa tokoloho haholoanyane, ke ho re, moralo oa ho etsa lipholo tse ngata tsa polythetic (lintlha tse felisitsoeng: ≥ 3 bonyane ho tse 'ne tsa lintho tse tšeletseng), le mokhoa o hlokolosi haholoanyane, ke hore dintho).
Lipatlisiso tsa sethathamo
Ho ile ha etsoa tlhahlobo ea lipalopalo ka Statistical Package bakeng sa Saense ea Sechaba (SPSS 24) le mofuta oa Macro Process 2.16.1 (www.processmacro.org/index.html).
Kamora ho sekaseka ka mokhoa o hlalosang, mekhatlo ea FAD e nang le phallo ea Facebook le litheko tse lekanyang ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea Facebook li ile tsa hlahlojoa ke li-zero tsa taelo ea bivariate. Tlhahlobo ea ho hlahloba lintho (EFA) e sebelisang tlhahlobo ea likarolo tsa mantlha (PCA; mokhoa oa ho potoloha: varimax) ho kakaretso ea lintho tsa 17 tse hlahlobang phallo ea Facebook (dintho tse leshome le motso o mong) le FAD (dintho tse tsheletseng) di lekantswe. Liphetho tsa Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO = .901) le tlhahlobo ea Barlett ea sphericity (χ2 = 3856.236, df = 136, p = .000) e senotse hore boholo ba sampole bo ne bo lekane bakeng sa tlhahlobo ena. Ho na le lintlha tse 'ne tse nang le eigenvalues ka holim'a 1 (factor 1: 7.322, factor 2: 2.092, factor 3: 1.199, factor 4: 1.059) mme ka kopanelo e hlalositse 68.6% ea phapang (factor 1: 26.3%, factor 2: X factor 16.5: 3%, factor 14.2: 4%) (cf., [31]).
Bohloeki bo ithutoang (Ts'ebetso: mohlala 1) e hlahlobile kamano lipakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook (bolepi), tšebeliso ea Facebook le matla (modisa) le FAD (sephetho), e laolang lilemo le bong e le covariates. Ha ho nahanoa ka ts'epahalo e phahameng ea FIS le ho ts'epahala ho tlase ha index ea composite ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea Facebook, ho ile ha etsoa lipatlisiso tse peli tsa taolo (mohlala 1: FIS joalo ka mookameli, mohlala 2: index ea composite joalo ka mookameli). Phello ea tekano e ile ea hlahlojoa ke ts'ebetso ea bootstriling (disampuli tsa 10.000) tse fanang ka linako tse potlakileng tsa kholiseho (CI 95%).
Results
Palo ea bohlokoa ea cutoff ea FAD e fihliloe ke barupeluoa ba 31 (7.8%) kamora ho nka moputso oa polythetic le ke barupeluoa ba 15 (3.8%) kamora ho etsa sepheo sa monyagi. Lipalo-leseling tse hlalosang lintho tse fetohileng tse fumanoeng li bontšitsoe ho Lethathamo 2.
Lethathamo 2
| M (SD) | Min-Max | |
|---|---|---|
| BFAS | 9.49 (4.24) | 6-28 |
| BFAS: Ntho ea 1 "saliness" | 1.86 (1.01) | 1-5 |
| BFAS: Ntho ea 2 "mamello" | 1.73 (.99) | 1-5 |
| BFAS: Ntho ea 3 "phetoho ea maikutlo" | 1.58 (.98) | 1-5 |
| BFAS: Item 4 "khutlela" | 1.63 (.94) | 1-5 |
| BFAS: Ntho ea 5 "ho tlosa" | 1.30 (.74) | 1-5 |
| BFAS: Ntho ea 6 "likhohlano" | 1.39 (.81) | 1-5 |
| Phallo ea FB: Tlhokomeliso e Ntle ” | 2.32 (.95) | 1-5 |
| Phallo ea FB: “Monate” | 3.37 (.82) | 1-5 |
| Phallo ea FB: “Cheseho” | 2.76 (.97) | 1-5 |
| Phallo ea FB: “Telepresence” | 1.55 (.79) | 1-5 |
| Phallo ea FB: "Ho Khetholloa Nako" | 2.92 (1.15) | 1-5 |
| Ho phalla ha FB | 27.41 (7.60) | 11-52 |
| Botho ba FB (likhoeli) | 83.97 (29.50) | 3-155 |
| FB e etela letsatsi le letsatsi (linako) | 11.25 (18.64) | 0-200 |
| FB sebelisa letsatsi le letsatsi (metsotso) | 95.22 (81.13) | 0-750 |
| FIS | 16.10 (4.98) | 6-30 |
N = 398; M = Bolela; SD = Khelohelo e tloaelehileng; Bonyane = Bonyane; Boima = Boholo; BFAS = Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale; FB = Facebook; FIS = Lebaka la ho ba le matla a Facebook.
FAD le e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea eona ea lintho tse tšeletseng li ne li amana hantle le phallo ea Facebook le liphallelo tsa eona (bona Lethathamo 3). Setšoantšo sa 1 e hlahisa correlogram e bonts'ang likamano lipakeng tsa lihlapiso tse hlano tsa phallo ea FB le lintho tse tšeletseng tsa FAD. Ha ho bapisoa le li-subscales tse ling tsa phallo, likamano tse phahameng tse hlokomelehang li etsahetse bakeng sa "flow" e tlase ea "telepresence"; Ntle le khokahano lipakeng tsa subscale ena le FAD (r = .704, p <.001), haholoholo khokahano ea eona le Item 5 ("ho tlosa") ea FAD e ne e phahame (r = .651, p <.001). Ntle le moo, FAD e ne e hokahane hantle haholo le mefuta e mene e neng e emela ts'ebeliso ea Facebook, ke hore, nako ea ho ba setho sa Facebook, makhetlo le nako ea ts'ebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea Facebook, le FIS (bona Lethathamo 3). Hape, lenane la likarolo li ne li amana hantle le FAD (r = .480, p <.001), hammoho le phallo ea Facebook (r = .496, p <.001).
Lethathamo 3
| BFAS | BFAS: Ntho ea 1 "Letsoalo" | BFAS: Ntho ea 2 “Mamello” | BFAS: Ntho ea 3 "Feto-fetoha ea maikutlo" | BFAS: Item 4 "khutlela" | BFAS: Ntho ea 5 "ho tlosa" | BFAS: Ntho ea 6 "likhohlano" | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phallo ea FB: Tlhokomeliso e Ntle ” | .503** | .387** | .467** | .400** | .333** | .396** | .350** |
| Phallo ea FB: “Monate” | .270** | .299** | .224** | .239** | .140** | .214** | .122* |
| Phallo ea FB: “Cheseho” | .398** | .339** | .369** | .355** | .268** | .267** | .226** |
| Phallo ea FB: “Telepresence” | .704** | .505** | .577** | .557** | .463** | .651** | .542** |
| Phallo ea FB: "Ho Khetholloa Nako" | .509** | .435** | .420** | .374** | .456** | .290** | .364** |
| Ho phalla ha FB | .660** | ||||||
| Botho ba FB (likhoeli) | .126** | ||||||
| FB e etela letsatsi le letsatsi (linako) | .251** | ||||||
| FB sebelisa letsatsi le letsatsi (metsotso) | .304** | ||||||
| FIS | .513** |
N = 398; BFAS = Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale; FB = Facebook; FIS = Lebaka la ho ba le matla a Facebook.
* p <.05
** p <.01.
Lintho tse laeloang ke likarolo tse potolohileng tsa EFA li bonts'a hore lintho tse tšeletseng tsa FAD le lintho tse peli ho tse tharo tsa "telepresence" ea subscale li laetse tsohle ho factor 1 (lintlha tsa tharollo: Lintho tsa FAD: Ntho ea 1: .641, Item 2: .671, Item 3: .704, Item 4: .667, Item 5: .795, Item 6: .694; Facebook flow flow: Item 8: .693, Item 9: .775).
Mefuta ena ka bobeli ea boiphihlelo e fetohile e bohlokoa. Ka mohlala 1, R2 = .555, F (5,392) = 54.677, p <.001, tšebelisano e bohlokoa lipakeng tsa matla a ts'ebeliso ea Facebook (a sebelisoang ke FIS) le phallo ea Facebook, b = .231, SE = .030, 95% CI [.173;. 290], t = 7.763, p <.001, e senotse hore kamano lipakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD e ne e lekantsoe ke matla a ts'ebeliso ea Facebook. Ho latela liteko tse bonolo tsa matsoapo, khokahano e ntle lipakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD e netefalitsoe ka ho lekana bakeng sa maemo a tlase, a mahareng le a phahameng a ts'ebeliso ea Facebook. Khokahano ena e ne e le matla bakeng sa bankakarolo ba hlalositseng boemo bo phahameng ba ts'ebeliso ea Facebook (SD e le 'ngoe kaholimo e bolela = 1.000), b = .768, SE = .066, 95% CI [.639; .897], t = 11.698, p <.001, empa e ne e fokola ho barupeluoa ba hlalositseng boemo bo mahareng ba ts'ebeliso ea Facebook (mean = 0), b = .536, SE = .058, 95% CI [.423; .650], t = 9.287, p <.001, mme e bonahala e fokola haholo bakeng sa bankakarolo ba nang le boemo bo tlase ba ts'ebeliso ea Facebook (SD e le 'ngoe ka tlase e bolela = -1.000), b = .305, SE = .064, 95% CI [.178; .431], t = 4.738, le <.001 (sheba Setšoantšo sa 2, karolo a).
a. Phello e leka-lekaneng ea tšebeliso ea matla a Facebook (e sebelisoang ke Facebook Intensity Scale) ho phallo ea Facebook ho ea FAD; b. Matlafatso ea tšebeliso ea matla a tšebeliso ea Facebook (e sebetsoang ke index e kopanyang ho kenyelletsa nako ea ho ba setho sa Facebook, khafetsa tšebeliso ea letsatsi le leng le le leng ea Facebook, nako ea tšebeliso ea Facebook ea letsatsi le letsatsi le Facebook Intensity Scale) ho Facebook flow ho FAD.
Setšoantšo sa 2 (karolo b) e hlahisa mohlala 2, R2 = .566, F (5,392) = 54.786, le <.001. Joalokaha ho senotsoe ke tšebelisano e kholo lipakeng tsa ts'ebeliso ea matla ea Facebook (e sebelisoang ke index ea likarolo) le phallo ea Facebook, b = .345, SE = .053, 95% CI [.241; .449], t = 6.506, p <.001 , Kamano lipakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD e ne e lekantsoe ke matla a ts'ebeliso ea Facebook. Hape, liteko tse bonolo tsa matsoapo li bontšitse hore khokahano e ntle lipakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD e netefalitsoe ka ho lekana bakeng sa maemo a tlase, a mahareng le a phahameng a ts'ebeliso ea Facebook. E ne e le matla haholo bakeng sa bankakarolo ba hlalositseng boemo bo phahameng ba ts'ebeliso ea Facebook (SD e le 'ngoe kaholimo e bolela = .622), b = .728, SE = .059, 95% CI [.612; .843], t = 12.347 p <.001, empa e ne e fokola ho barupeluoa ba hlalositseng boemo bo mahareng ba ts'ebeliso ea Facebook (mean = 0), b = .513, SE = .048, 95% CI [.419; .607], t = 10.711, p <.001, mme e bonahala e fokola haholo bakeng sa bankakarolo ba nang le boemo bo tlase ba ts'ebeliso ea Facebook (SD e le 'ngoe ka tlase e bolela = -.622), b = .298, SE = .057, 95% CI [.185; .411] , t = 5.196, p <.001 (bona Setšoantšo sa 2, karolo b).
Puisano
Phuputso e teng hona joale e fuputse khokahano lipakeng tsa phallo e bang teng ho SNS Facebook le FAD. Tumellanong le lithuto tsa pejana tse hlalositseng boiphihlelo ba phallo le tšebeliso ea mecha ea phatlalatso e sebelisana hantle [15, 18, 19], liphumano tsa hajoale li senotse kamano e ntle e ntle lipakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD (e netefatsang Hypothesis 1). Hlokomela, hore sehokelo se ne se le matla haholo hobane phapang e neng e le teng lipakeng tsa tsona ka bobeli e ne e le 43.6%. Hape, subscale ka ngoe ea phallo ea Facebook e ne e amana hantle haholo le FAD. Leha ho le joalo, ho fapana le litebello tsa rona tse neng li itšetlehile ka liphetho tse fetileng (mohlala, [18]), monyaka oa subscales le ho khopamisoa ha nako hoa phallo ea Facebook ha lia ka tsa bontša kamano e matla le FAD. Khokahano e nang le "sekhahla" ka bongata e ne e le e fokolang ka ho fetesisa ea lipapatso tse hlano tse tsamaeang (ho hanyetsa Hypothesis 2). Ha ho bapisoa, khokahano e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e hlahile pakeng tsa FAD le subspale "telepresence" (boholo ba phello ea phapano ea Cohen's q e qala ho tloha .31 ho .60; cf., [32]). Haholo-holo ntho ea FAD “ho tlosoa” e ne e hokahane haufi le subscale ena. Ntle le moo, lintho tsohle tse tšeletseng tse hlahlobang FAD li laetse ntho e le ngoe le lintho tse peli tsa "telepresence".
"Telepresence" e tlatselletsang e lekanya maikutlo a ho kenella lefatšeng le entsoeng ke Facebook [21]. Ha lintho tse peli tsa subscale ena (Item 8 "Facebook e ntse e nketsetsa lefatše le lecha, 'me lefatše lena le nyamela ka tšohanyetso ha ke emisa ho bala", Item 9 ho fapana le lefatše la 'nete ”), e neng e jere ntho e le' ngoe le lintho tsa FAD, e kenyelletsa ho qoelisoa lefats'e le lecha ka mantsoe, ha ho ne ho le joalo ka ntho ea boraro (Item 7" Ho sebelisa Facebook hangata ho etsa hore ke lebale moo ke leng teng le se etsahalang haufi le nna haufi le nna ”), se neng se tlalehiloe ka ntlha e 'ngoe. Pejana ho lipatlisiso ho ile ha supa telepresence hore ke e 'ngoe ea lisosa tse kholo tse bakang phallo e teng tikolohong ea inthanete [33]. Litšoantšo tse tšoanang le bophelo tse fumanehang tikolohong ea inthanete e kenyeletsa, basebelisi ba qoelisitsoeng haholoanyane ba ikutloa ba le ho tsona [34, 35]. Litho tsa Facebook letsatsi le letsatsi li kenya limilione tsa lifoto tsa lekunutu ho arolelana liphihlelo tsa bona le metsoalle ea bona inthaneteng le ho ba kenya letsoho bophelong ba bona [22, 23]. Ka hona, ba kenya letsoho kholisong e sa feleng ea lefatše la Facebook, e bulang litho tsa eona ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea (ea sechaba). Litho tse ling tsa Facebook, haholo-holo tse hlahelang haholo mathateng a ho tepella maikutlo le matšoenyeho, li latela tšebelisano ena bakeng sa ho baleha mathata a letsatsi le letsatsi le ho fumana liphihlelo tse monate tse atisang ho fetoa khafetsa [6]. Ntle le moo, ho lokela ho nahanoa hore lipatlisiso tsa pejana li tlalehile kamano e ntle pakeng tsa narcissism le FAD [2]. Batho ba nang le tsebo e phahameng ea boiketsetso, ba khetholloang ka mokhoa o phahametseng oa ho ba le boikemelo le boits'oaro bo botle, hangata ba batla ka matla le ho ratoa. Ha ba sa khone ho fumana karabo ena e nepahetseng, kapa ba lemoha tlhahisoleseling e hananang le pono ea bona ea boemo bo phahameng, boitšepo ba bona bo utloa bohloko [36, 37]. Kahoo, ho ka kholoa hore batho ba se nang letsoalo, le bona ba rata ho baleha mathata a letsatsi le letsatsi ka ho sebelisa Facebook haholo, moo monyetla oa ho fumana likarabo tse ntle, mohlala, "Likes" kapa litlhaloso tse ntle, ho tsoa ho bamameli ba bangata ka nako e khuts'oanyane. nako hangata e phahame haholo ho feta boemo ba tšebelisano le batho ba fumanehang marang-rang ”.
Ha re nahana ka liphetho tsa rona tsa morao-rao, batho bana ba ka ba kotsing e khethehileng ea ho holisa FAD. Ha ho qoelisoa lefats'eng la Facebook ho baka moputso o tebileng, menyetla ea hore Facebook e sebelisoe e ngata le ho feta. Leha ho le joalo, ho latela lipatlisiso tsa hona joale tse netefalitseng Hypothesis 3 ea rona, tšebeliso ea Facebook, e lekiloeng ka FIS kapa ka index ea composite, e leka-lekanya kamano pakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD. Haholo-holo litho tse sebelisang Facebook haholo, ke hore, li e etela khafetsa, li qeta nako e ngata, li hokahanya tšebeliso ea Facebook bophelong ba bona ba letsatsi le letsatsi, 'me li ntšetse kamano ea eona maikutlong, li bonahala li na le boleng bo phahameng ba ho phalla ha Facebook' me li tloaetse FAD haholo. . Ho ka khopisoa hore lebaka le leng la tlatsetso ea ho ba le FAD le hlaha ha likamano lipakeng tsa likamano tsa marang-rang le tse fumanehang marang-rang li le nyane mme boholo ba likamano tsa inthanete bo feta haholo ba likamano tsa marang-rang. Sehlopha sena sa linaleli se kenya letsoho kholisong ea kamano e matla ea maikutlo ho Facebook [38], e lokelang ho eketsa phello ea telepresence ea lefats'e la inthanete ho motho ka mong. Maemong a fetisisang, ho qoelisoa lefats'eng la marang-rang ho ka ba matla haholo hoo motho ea amehileng a ke keng a hlola a lemoha phapang lipakeng tsa lefatše la inthanete le la inthanete. Ha ho nahanoa kamano e haufi-ufi lipakeng tsa setaele sa khokahanyo le tšebeliso e mpe ea ts'ebeliso ea mecha ea litaba ea sechaba e tlalehiloe lithutong tsa morao tjena [11, 12], sephetho se na le mabaka a hore menyetla ea nts'etsopele ea kamano e matla ho Facebook e phahame haholo ho litho tsa Facebook tse nang le mokhoa oa ho ikamahanya le maemo, bao hangata ba kenang ts'ebelisong e feteletseng ea litaba tsa sechaba ho khotsofatsa tlhoko ea bona ea tumello le maikutlo a matle. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, basebelisi ba Facebook ba bonts'ang setaele se sireletsehileng sa khokahanyo se ka ba kotsing ena.
Liphumano tsa hona joale li bohlokoa haholo hobane li senola hore ho phalla ha Facebook ka kakaretso le puisano e fumanehang ho Facebook ka ho khetheha e ka kenya letsoho kholisong le ho lokiseng FAD. Matšoao a FAD a etsahetse ka 3.8% (meroalo ea monothetic) ho 7.8% (polythetic scging) ea sampole ea rona, eo ka lebaka la lilemo tsa eona tse holimo le sebaka sa mosebetsi (70.6% bao e seng liithuti) e emetse bongata ka kakaretso ho feta sampole tsa lithuto tsa pejana ho FAD, eo boholo ba eona e neng e kenyelletsa liithuti tsa undergraduate feela (mohlala,2, 4, 7, 27, 28]). Ha ho nahanoa ka lipontšo tsa FAD le boemeli bo phahameng ba sampole ea teng qeto ena e na le lebaka le hlakileng la hore FAD ha e sa ba ntho e sa tsotelleng. Kahoo, ho ka ba molemo ho sebelisa lipatlisiso tsa hona joale mananeong a ho kenella khahlano le tšebeliso ea mecha ea litaba. Tlhahiso e ngoe e tla ba ho totobatsa takatso ea ho laola ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea matla a Facebook ka mohlala ka ho beha meeli e hlakileng ea nako bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea letsatsi le letsatsi. Ntle le moo, lithutong tsa pejana mabapi le papali ea video e lemaletseng le tšebeliso e mpe ea mathata ka kakaretso ea inthanete [18, 39], ho khothalelitsoe ho kenya oache ea alamo kapa ho kenyelletsa melaetsa ea "pop-up" ho laola nako ea ts'ebeliso. Ts'ebetso tsena li kanna tsa ts'ehetsa ho thibela ts'ebeliso e feteletseng ea Facebook e eketsang tlokotsi ho FAD. Ntle le moo, ho bohlokoa ho tsebisa 'nete ea hore lefatše la Facebook leha le hiriloe e le ho lula le khokahano le metsoalle e fumanehang kahare ho litho tsa lelapa le litho tsa lelapa e ntse e le sebaka se lekanang le hore ho balehela lefatšeng la inthanete haholo ha ho kenye letsoho ho rarolleng mathata. ntle le marang-rang. Ho fapana le hoo, tšebeliso ea Facebook e feteletseng e ka kenya letsoho ho mpefatsa mathata a teng kapa ea hlahisa mathata a macha. Mohlala, 11.1% ea sampole ea hajoale e bontšitse ho sebelisa Facebook haholo hoo e bileng le phello e mpe mosebetsing / lithuto tsa bona (FAD Item 6 "likhohlano").
Leha thuto ea hajoale e na le matlotlo a mangata ebile e ka kenya letsoho ntlafatsong ea mananeo a kenelletseng a ts'ebeliso ea mecha ea phatlalatso e matla, tse ling tsa meeli ea ona li lokela ho boleloa. Bofokoli ba bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke moralo oa karolo ea eona e lumellang liqeto tse fokolang feela mabapi le ho etsa causality [40]. Le ha ho utloahala haholo hore phallo ea Facebook e baka FAD (mme eseng ka mokhoa o fapaneng) le hore tšusumetso e matla ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea Facebook e tsamaisana le sebopeho se joalo sa mabaka, monahano ona ke oa kelello. Ka hona, re eletsa ka matla bafuputsi ba kamoso ho nahana ka khokahano lipakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD ka meralo e lebelletseng ea nako e telele le ka lipatlisiso tsa liteko.
Ntle le moo, sebopeho sa bong (73.6% fem) mohlala oa rona o fokotsa kakaretso ea sephetho sa hona joale. Ho sebetsana le phokotso ena, re laetse maemo a bong bo fapaneng lithutong tsa rona tsa lipalo. Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa hore re phete liphetho tsa hona joale sampole e nang le tekanyo e lekanang ea bong ho etsa sephetho se hlakileng.
Ntle le moo, ho lokela ho nahanoa hore barupeluoa ba thuto ea hona joale ba hiriloe ke limemo tsa ho nka karolo tse bontšitsoeng ho li-SNS tse fapaneng tsa inthanete. Kahoo, ho ke ke ha qheleloa ka thoko hore ha mosebelisi a ntse a sebetsa sethaleng se loketseng sa inthanete, ho ne ho ka etsahala hore mosebelisi a tsebe memo ebe o amohela tlhahiso ea ho nka karolo. Ho feta moo, ka lebaka la boithatelo ba ho nka karolo, e kanna eaba batho ka bomong, ba neng ba se ba khahliloe ke lipatlisiso tsa inthanete ka SNS ba arabetse tlhahlobo ea inthaneteng. Khetho ena e ka bang teng e beha meeli ea sephetho sa hona joale. Ho na le monyetla oa hore basebelisi ba kamehla ba li-SNS ba kentse letsoho haholoanyane thutong ho feta basebelisi ba seng bakae. Leeme lena, le tloaelehileng lithutong tse ngata tsa marang-rang, le ka etsa hore ho be le lithibelo tse fapaneng tsa sampole ho latela palo ea tšebeliso ea li-SNS. Leha thibelo e joalo e fapaneng e kanna ea fokotsa bophahamo ba khokahano e kenyelletsang phallo ea Facebook le FAD, ha ho na monyetla oa hore e thibe bonnete ba tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo ea hona joale. Liteko tsa li-hypotheses li ile tsa fetoha tsa bohlokoa tse bonts'ang hore lithibelo tse ka bang teng maemong a fapaneng ha lia ka tsa fokotsa haholo maikutlo a liteko tsa lipalopalo tse entsoeng. Ntle le moo, ho na le monyetla oa hore potso e ikhethang ea lipatlisiso ha e-ea ka ea susumetsa qeto ea ho nka karolo thutong hobane e sa senoloa esale pele ho barupeluoa.
Ho phethela, thuto ea hona joale e senola tšebelisano e ntle lipakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD. Haholo-holo telepresence ea lefats'e la Facebook, e leng tšobotsi ea bohlokoa ea phallo ea Facebook, e bonahala e ntlafatsa tlokotsi ea motho ka mong ho nts'etsapele FAD. Khokahano pakeng tsa phallo ea Facebook le FAD e lokela ho hlahlojoa hape ho utloisisa haholoanyane kotsi ea nts'etsopele ea FAD le karolo ea lintho tse sireletsang khahlanong le eona.
Ho tšehetsa boitsebiso
S1 File
Dataset e sebelisitsoe ho hlahlobisisa boithuto ba hona joale.
(SAV)
S2 File
Lintho tse sebelisitsoeng.
(DOCX)
Tlhaloso ea lithuso
Boithuto bona bo tšehelitsoe ke Boprofesa ba Alexander von Humboldt bo fuoeng Jürgen Margraf ke Alexander von Humboldt-Foundation. Ntle le moo, re amohela tšehetso ke Letlole la Phatlalatso la Open Access la Ruhr-Universität Bochum le fuoeng Julia Brailovskaia. Bafani ba lichelete ba ne ba sena karolo morerong oa ho ithuta, ho bokella data le ho hlahlobisisa, qeto ea ho phatlalatsa, kapa ho hlophisa sengoloa.
Ho fumaneha ha data
Lintlha tsohle tse nepahetseng li ka hare ho pampiri le lifaele tsa eona tsa Tšehetso.
References
;