Mokhoa oa botoneng o lahlileng maratsoaneng a lona
Batho ba qhekelletse DNA hore e be le methapo e metle le likelello tse kholo.
Ho etsa thobalano e tla ba ntho e fapaneng haholo bakeng sa batho haeba - joalo ka liphoofolo tse ling ho kenyeletsa lichimpanzi, li-macaque le litoeba - banna ba ne ba e-na le masenke a neng a entsoe ka mela e menyenyane e thata.
Joale bafuputsi Univesithing ea Stanford California ba fumane mochine oa limolek'hule oa kamoo botoneng ba motho bo ka bang bo bile teng ntle le ho ba mokokotlo oa letsoalo. Ba e bontšitse e le tahlehelo ea chunk e itseng ea DNA e sa kenyelelitsoeng e susumetsang polelo ea mofuta oa androgen receptor e amehang ho ho saena ha li-hormone.
"Ke karolo e nyane empa e khahla ea setšoantšo se seholo ka ho iphetola ha litšobotsi tse ikhethileng tsa batho," ho boletse Gill Bejerano, setsebi sa thuto ea baeloji sa nts'etsopele ea Stanford ea etelletseng mosebetsi pele le mosebetsi-'moho le eena David Kingsley. "Re eketsa pono ea limolek'hule puisanong e nkileng bonyane lilemo tse mashome a 'maloa."
E phatlalalitsoe ka tlhaho kajeno1, lipatlisiso li boetse li fana ka mochine oa limolek'hule oa hore na re bile masene a maholo joang ho feta lichimpanzi mme ra lahleheloa ke litelu tse nyane tseo bo-apes - ba har'a beng ka rona ba haufi-ufi bao ho hakanngoang hore re ba arolelana 96% ea DNA ea rona - ho tsona sefahleho.
Leano la ho ba mong
Ke khale batho ba lumela hore batho ba bile teng ba bile teng ka tšohanyetso ka lebaka la ho sebelisa mokhoa o ikatileng oa ho ba le bana ho feta baholo-holo ba bona ba pele ba batho. Ho ka etsahala hore ebe baholo-holo bao ba ne ba sebelisa lithutsoana tsa penile ho tlosa peo ea ba hlolisang ha ba se ba le ba batona. Le ha ho le joalo, hore na phetoho ena e bile teng joang ha e tsejoe.
Bafuputsi ba ne ba sa ikemisetsa ho ithuta lipenche tsa penile. Ho fapana le moo, ba ne ba batla li-chunks tsa DNA tse neng li lahlehile ho tsoa ho genome ea motho empa e se mofuta oa chimp, kahoo ba ne ba ka leka ho supa hore na li-chunks li entse'ng.
Mokhoa ona o fapana le oa lithuto tse ngata, hlalosa Bejerano le Kingsley, ka ho sheba se tlositsoeng liphatseng tsa lefutso la motho ho fapana le se teng hona joale. Bejerano o re: "Tabeng ea thuto ea rona, haeba u ka qala ka lefutso la motho, ho ne ho ke ke ha ba le letho moo.
Ba qalile ka tatellano ea tatellano ea li-DNA tsa 510 tse sieo bathong mme ba li hlahisa ho li-chimps, ba fumana hore tatellano eo e batla e le haufi le libaka tse sa kopaneng tsa genome, lipakeng tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso. Ba buile ka tatellano e 'meli eo ho se be teng ha bona bathong bao ba nahanang hore e ka ba ho khahlisang - e' ngoe e tsoang haufi le mofuta oa androgen receptor (AR) mme e le ngoe e haufi le gene e kenyelletsang khatello ea tumor (GADD45G).
Ho kenyelletsa tatellano ea chimpanzee ho mela ea panya ho senotse hore mokhoa oo ba neng ba o bala nakong e fetileng o hlahisitse likhoele tse thata ebile e le litelu tse matla tse teng liphoofolong tse ling. Ts'ebetso e latelang e ile ea sebetsa joalo ka mofuta oa tšitiso ea kholo ea likarolo tse itseng tsa boko - ka ha ho tlosoa hoa ts'ebetso ea eona ho bonahala e kentse tsela ea kholo ea kholo ea motho.
Kingsley o re: "Morero oa morero ona e ne e le ho fumana liso [tahlehelo] tsa limolek'hule tse tšehetsang mekhoa ea ho iphetola ha lintho, ka mehlala e bonts'ang likarolo tse fapaneng tsa molao-motheo."
"Ho fihlela re sheba moo DNA e hlahisitsoeng teng, re ne re sa tsebe hore na ke phetoho efe - haeba e teng - e tla laola," ho eketsa Bejerano.
Litsebi tse ling tsa baeloji ea limolek'hule li ile tsa rorisa mosebetsi ona ka mokhoa o bohlale 'me tsa re li tla bula menyetla e mecha ea ho botsa, haholo-holo ho ba sebetsang phetohong ea kelello ea motho.
"Ke mosebetsi oa mafokisi le khopotso e kholo ea hore, molemong oa ho iphetola ha lintho, tlhaiso-leseling e fumaneha ebile ea lahleha," ho boletse Sean Carroll, setsebi sa liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa liphoofolo le thuto ea ho iphetola ha lintho Univesithing ea Wisconsin, Madison.
Svante Pääbo, ea okametseng lefapha la lefutso la Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Leipzig, Jeremane, ebile e ne e le setho sa sehlopha se sa tsoa hlophisa Neanderthal haufinyane. genome. O ile a eketsa ka ho re: “Kaha tatellano e hlakotsoeng e ka bang 500 eo ba e khethileng e bonahala e khahla, ke kholoa hore tse ling tse 'maloa lenaneng la bona le tsona li tla khahla. Bafuputsi ba ntse ba tsoela pele ho sekaseka tatellano e setseng ea 508 ea DNA.
David Haussler, ea ithutang ka ho iphetola ha limolek'hule tsa lefutso la motho Univesithing ea California, Santa Cruz, o ekelitse ka hore tahlehelo ea bo-ntate-moholo ba rona ea mokokotlo oa penile ke phaello ea rona kajeno. ”O rialo.
;
