Xhumanisa nesifundo sokuqala - "Ama-Neural Correlates we-Reactivity Cue Reactivity kuBantu Ngabanye abanakho futhi ngaphandle kokucindezelwa ngokocansi okuphoqelekile" (2014)
Qaphela - amanye amaphepha amaningi abuyekezwa ngontanga avuma ukuthi uSteele et al., 2013 isekela imodeli yokulutha kabi kocansi: Izibukezo ezibuyekezwa kontanga Steele et al., 2013
Ukucacisa okucacile Steele et al., 2013 (citation 25 ingukuthi Steele et al.)
Okutholakele kwethu kusikisela ukuthi umsebenzi we-DACC ubonisa indima yesifiso sobulili, okungenzeka kube nokufana nesifundo ku-P300 kwizifundo ze-CSB ezihambisana nesifiso [25]. Sikhombisa ukungafani phakathi kweqembu le-CSB namavolontiya anempilo kanti lesi sifundo sangaphambilini asinaso iqembu lokulawula. Ukuqhathaniswa kwalolu cwaningo lwamanje kanye nezincwadi zangaphambilini kwi-CSB ezibhekene nokusabalalisa i-MRI kanye ne-P300 kunzima kunikezwa ukuhlukahluka kohlelo. Izifundo ze-P300, ikhono elihlobene nomcimbi elisetshenziselwa ukutadisha ukunakekelwa kokukhathazeka kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, bonisa izinyathelo eziphakeme mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-nicotine [54], utshwala [55], nama-opiates [56], ngezinyathelo ezivame ukuhambisana nama-indices okufunayo. I-P300 nayo ijwayele ukutadisha ngezidakamizwa zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa besebenzisa imisebenzi engavumelekile lapho okuhloswe khona okungenani okungase kube khona okuhlangene namazinga aphezulu angenayo imigomo. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta kubonise ukuthi izihloko zokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa-izidakamizwa kanye namalungu omndeni angathintekile wehlile ukuphakama kwe-P300 uma kuqhathaniswa namavolontiya anempilo [57]. Lokhu okutholakele kuphakamisa ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa kungabonakala ngokungabi khona kahle kwezinsizakusebenza zokunaka imininingwane efanelekile yokusebenza kwengqondo (imigomo engeyona eyezidakamizwa) ngokuthambekela kokunakwa kokunakwa kwezidakamizwa. Ukwehla kwe-P300 amplitude nakho kungaba uphawu lwe-endophenotypic lokuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa. Izifundo zamakhono ahlobene nomcimbi agxile ekuhambisaneni nogqozi kwe-cocaine ne-heroin cues kuqhubeka nokubika okungajwayelekile ezingxenyeni zamuva ze-ERP (> 300 milliseconds; [58]-[60]. I-LPP ikholelwa ukuthi iboniswa kokubili ukuthunjwa kokuqala (400 kuya ku-1000 msec) futhi okuqhubekayo kusetshenziselwa ukugqugquzelwa okubalulekile. Izihloko ezinokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-cocaine zaphakamisa izinyathelo zokuqala ze-LPP uma kuqhathaniswa namavolontiya anempilo acacisa indima yokubheka kuqala ukuthunjwa kokugqugquzela kanye nezimpendulo ezithintekayo ezimangalisweni ezingokomzwelo ezimnandi. Kodwa-ke, izinyathelo zeLPP zekwephuzile azifani kakhulu nalabo abasezivolontiya ezinempilo [61]. Ama-generator we-P300 okuhlobene nomcimbi okuhlobene nomcimbi wezimpendulo ezihlobene nokubhekiswe kukholakala ukuthi yi-cortex ye-parietal futhi i-cingulate [62]. Ngakho-ke, kokubili umsebenzi we-DACC ocwaningweni lwamanje we-CSB nomsebenzi we-P300 obikiwe ocwaningweni lwe-CSB wangaphambilini ungabonisa izinqubo ezifanayo zokuqala zokubamba. Ngokufanayo, kokubili izifundo zibonisa ukuhlangana phakathi kwalezi zinyathelo ngesifiso esithuthukisiwe. Lapha siphakamisa ukuthi umsebenzi we-DACC uhambelana nesifiso, okungase kubonise inkomba yokulangazelela, kodwa akuhambisani nokuthanda okusikisela ekutheni umthamo wokulutha umfutho we-incentive-salience.
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