U-Oddone-Paolucci, u-Elizabeth, uMark Genuis, noClaudio Violato.
In Ukushintsha komndeni nokuthuthukiswa kwengane, pp. 48-59. UTaylor noFrancis, 2017.
abstract
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta-46 ocwaningweni kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale imiphumela yezithombe zocansi ekuwohlokeni kwezocansi, ukukhohlakala kwezocansi, izimo zengqondo eziphathelene nobudlelwane obusondelene, nezimo eziphathelene nenganekwane yokudlwengulwa. Iningi lezi zifundo zenziwa e-United States (39; 85%) futhi zavela osukwini ukusuka ku-1962 kuya ku-1995, kwathi i-35% (n = 16) ishicilelwe phakathi kwe-1990 ne-1995, kanye ne-33% (n = 15) phakathi kwe-1978 kanye ne-1983 kanye ne-XNUMX. I-XNUMX. Usayizi wesampula ophelele wabantu abangu-12,323 uqukethe ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta yamanje. Osayizi bomphumela (d) babalwa kokuhlukahluka ngakunye kwezifundo okwakushicilelwe ephephabhukwini lezemfundo, babenosayizi wesampula ophelele we-12 noma ngaphezulu, futhi bafaka iqembu lokuqhathanisa noma lokuqhathanisa. Isilinganiso esingenasindo nesisindisiwe sokwehluka kwezocansi (.68 no .65), ukwenza ucansi (.67 no .46), ubudlelwano obusondelene (.83 no .40), kanye nenganekwane yokudlwengulwa (.74 no .64) kunikeza ubufakazi obucacile eqinisekisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwengozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthuka okungalungile lapho ivezwa ezithombeni ezingcolile. Le miphumela iphakamisa ukuthi ucwaningo kule ndawo lungadlulela embuzweni wokuthi ngabe izithombe zocansi zinomthelela yini ebudloveni nasekusebenzeni komndeni. Ukuhlukahluka okunhlobonhlobo okungahle kube yimodi njengobulili, isimo senhlalo nomnotho (i-SES), inani lezehlakalo zokuchayeka, ubudlelwane bomuntu owethule izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kulowo obambe iqhaza, izinga lokuzichaza, isihloko sezithombe zocansi, okuphakathi kwezocansi, kanye nencazelo yezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuhlolwe ngamunye izifundo. Imiphumela ixoxwa ngokuya ngekhwalithi yocwaningo lwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ezitholakalayo kanye nemikhawulo elandelayo etholakala ekuhlaziyweni kwamanje kwe-meta Udaba lokuchayeka ezithombeni zobulili ezingcolile luthole ukunakwa okukhulu eminyakeni edlule. Iningi labantu abadala emphakathini wethu, abesilisa nabesifazane, babika ukuthi bavezwe ezintweni zocansi ezicacile. Eqinisweni, uWilson no-Abelson (1973) bathola ukuthi abesilisa abangama-84% kanye nabesifazane abangama-69% babike ukutholakala kwemodi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yezithombe zocansi, iningi leqembu laqala ukuvezwa ngezinto ezicacile ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala Iminyaka engu-21. Kuhlanganiswe namathuba amaningi okuthi abantu bathole okokusebenza ngezinhlobonhlobo zemidiya (isib. Omagazini, ithelevishini, ividiyo, iwebhu ebanzi emhlabeni), kuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphenya ukuthi ukuvezwa kwezithombe zocansi kunomthelela yini ekuziphatheni komuntu. Ngenkathi uhlu lwama-sequelae angokwengqondo abacwaningi abalukhombisile lujwayelekile ngokwezibalo kubantu abachayeke ezithombeni zobulili ezingcolile lukhulu kakhulu, impikiswano nokungabaza kudlangile. Yize impikiswano eqhubekayo yezemfundo inemithelela efanele futhi ebalulekile kwezenhlalo nakwezombusazwe, kusobala ukuthi inkinga yezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ibilokhu isonjululwa ivela esimweni sefilosofi nezokuziphatha kunasesikhundleni sobukhosi. Uphenyo lwamanje lwe-meta-analytic luzama ukuqondisa kabusha ukugxila kombuzo wemiphumela engaba khona yezithombe zocansi endaweni yesikhulumi. Inhloso ukunquma ukuthi ukuvezwa ezintweni ezingcolile zobulili esikhathini sempilo kunomthelela yini ekuphambukeni ngokocansi, ekuhlukumezeni ngokocansi, ebudlelwaneni obusondelene, kanye nasezimweni eziphathelene nenganekwane yokudlwengulwa. Imiphumela kulindeleke ukuthi inikeze imininingwane engasiza imindeni, abafundisi, ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo, nabaqondisi benqubomgomo yezenhlalo ekwenzeni izinqumo ezihambisana nokukhuthaza impilo yabantu nokukhula komphakathi.
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