Ingabe i-Sex Drive ne-Hypersexual Associated with Interesting Pedophilic and Abuse Sexual Child in Sample Community Community? (I-2015)

Amanani

 

 

 

 

 

  

Isikhombo: U-Klein V, Schmidt AF, Turner D, Briken P (2015) Ingabe i-Sex Drayivu ne-Hypersexuality zihlotshaniswa nePedophilic Interest kanye nokuhlukumeza ngokocansi kwezingane esikhungweni sabesilisa abesilisa? I-PloS ONE 10 (7): e0129730. doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0129730

Umhleli: U-Ulrich S. Tran, University of Vienna, School of Psychology, AUSTRIA

Utholiwe: Janawari 9, 2015; Kuvunyelwe: May 12, 2015; Kushicilelwe: July 6, 2015

I-copyright: © 2015 Klein et al. Le i-athikili yokufinyelela evulekile esatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwemibandela ye Ilayisense ye-Creative Commons Attribution, evumela ukusetshenziswa okungavinjelwe, ukusatshalaliswa, futhi ukukhiqizwa kabusha kunoma iyiphi i-medium, inqobo nje uma kubhalwa umlobi wokuqala nomthombo

Ukutholakala kwedatha: Yonke imininingwane efanele ingaphakathi ephepheni.

Imali: Lolu cwaningo lwalwesekelwa ngemali evela eMnyangweni Wezimali Womndeni WaseJalimane, Izakhamizi Eziphezulu, Abesifazane Nentsha.

Izithakazelo zokuncintisana: Abalobi baye bathi akukho zintandokazi ezikhona.

Isingeniso

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nenani elandayo lezincwadi elinikeza ubufakazi obunamandla bokuxhumeka phakathi kwe-hypersexuality kanye nezintshisekelo zokuphamba kwabenzi bokuya ocansini [1, 2]. I-Hypersexourse isetshenziswa njengegama lesambulela ukuchaza ngokweqile indlela yokuziphatha yokuziphatha kwezocansi ocwaningweni nasenkambisweni yemitholampilo. Kinsey et al. [3] iqambe igama elithi "izitolo eziphelele zocansi / isonto" (TSO) ukuze kuhlolwe imvamisa yokuziphatha kobulili. I-TSO ichazwe ngokuthi "inani lama-orgasms aqhamuka ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zocansi umuntu azenze zona" ([3], iphe. 510-511) phakathi nesonto kufaka phakathi izinto zokuziphatha zocansi njengokuya ocansini kanye nokushaya indlwabu. Imvamisa, i-TSO ibonakala ngokusatshalaliswa kweslinki kwesobunxele futhi ikhombisa inani eliphakeme leqembu leminyaka phakathi kweminyaka ye-15 ne-25. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-TSO ibonakala incike ku-testosterone futhi ezimele esimweni sobudlelwano umuntu ngamunye [4]. Ocwaningweni lwangaphambili, uKafka [5] ihlongoze ama-orgasms ayisikhombisa ngesonto esikhathini esingangezinyanga eziyisithupha njengesihambisi sokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual. Enye ingxenye yencazelo yayichitha okungenani amahora we-1-2 ngosuku ngokuziphatha kocansi.

Izilinganiso zokuthi kungenzeka zisebenzise i-TSO / isonto ≥ i-7 inqunywe njengesibonakaliso sokuziphatha kokuziphatha komzimba kumasampula omphakathi angenawo emtholampilo wabantu besilisa. E-Kinsey et al. [3] funda i-7.6% emadodeni e-5,300 abike i-TSO / isonto ≥7 eminyakeni emihlanu edlule. Ukushaya indlwabu kwakuyinto evame ukubikwa kakhulu yocansi kusampula. I-Atwood neGagnon [6] ithole ukuthi i-5% yabafundi besikole semfundo ephakeme kanye ne-3% yabafundi besilisa basekolishi ayishaye indlwabu kanye ngosuku (N = 1,077). Inhlolovo enkulu ngokuziphatha kobulili e-United States ikhombe ukushaya indlwabu nsuku zonke ku-3.1% yesampula yabesilisa (N = 3,159). Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-7.6% yamadoda ibike ukuya ocansini okungenani amahlandla amane ngesonto [7]. Isampula yomphakathi esekwe eSweden (N = 2,450), i-12.1% yabahlanganyeli besilisa bakhonjwe njengabakwa-hypersexual [8]. Ocwaningweni lwakamuva amanani aphezulu ezenzo zobulili ezingaziphathi kahle ahambisana nezinkinga zezempilo ezinjengokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa nokugembula kanye nezintshisakalo eziphathelene ne-voyeurism, i-showpointism, sadism, ne-masochism.

Kuzinzalo zocansi zabantu abasebenza ngokobulili kuye kwasungulwa imeta-buhlakani njengento ebaluleke kakhulu engozini [9, 10]. I-Hypersexuality (noma ukucabanga ngokweqile kwezocansi, i-high sex drive) iyatholakala futhi phakathi kwezici ezibalulekile zobungozi zokona ngokobulili [11] futhi wakhonjwa njengengxenye ebangela ingozi yokuphindisela kwabantu kwezocansi nabanobudlova [12]. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zokuziphatha ezi-hypersexual zibonakala zinokwenzeka kakhulu kubahlukumezisi bocansi kunakulawulo lomphakathi [13, 14]. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubikwa ukuthi i-sex sex drive enkulu ihlotshaniswa nokuziphatha okuphoqelela ezocansi kwabesifazane [15]. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile okuqondwa njengephethini yokuziphatha okungenzeka kuhlobene nokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual kuhlotshaniswa nokubuyiselwa kwesampula kwabaphula umthetho be-341 besengozini ephakeme yezingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe okuphambukayo kwezocansi kwakuyinto ebeka engcupheni yokuphinda kubuye isampula [16]. Umkhawulo osobala kuningi lwalezi zifundo iqiniso lokuthi zazisuselwa kusampula ekhethekile yabahlukumeza ngokocansi. Kodwa-ke, ekucabangeni kokuthambekele ocansini komphakathi waseSweden (okuchazwa ngokuthi inkanuko yezocansi cishe sonke isikhathi) kukhonjwe njengento eyingozi ekuziphatheni okubi kocansi okuzobikwa kukho [17]. Ngokuphawulekile, ucwaningo ngobudlova bocansi kanye nokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual akuhambelani ngokuphelele. Ocwaningweni olwenziwe nguMalamuth et al [18] abesilisa abahlukumeza ngokocansi abhekiswe kwabesifazane babike ukuthi bathanda kakhulu ukwenza ucansi okungajwayelekile (isb. imvamisa ukushaya indlwabu, imicabango mayelana nokuya ocansini) kodwa ayikhombisanga imvamisa ephezulu yama-orgasms ngesonto nokuya ocansini. Ngakho-ke, i-high sex drive ayizange ifake isandla kulaka lwezocansi kusampula yabo. Ngolwazi lwethu lonke, ucwaningo olwenziwe nguLångström noHanson [9] okuwukuphela kwesifundo esibonisa ukuhlangana phakathi kwe-hypersexeness nezintshisakalo eziyingqayizivele kwisampula yomphakathi.

Ucwaningo Lwamanje

Umbuzo wethu wokucwaninga uxhuma okutholakele mayelana ne-hypersexeness phakathi kwabenzi bobulili ukuxhumana nokuxhumana phakathi kokuziphatha okuphathelene ne-hypersexual kanye ne-paraphilic, ikakhulukazi izintshisekelo ze-pedophilic, kubantu abangenakubona ngaphambili. Ngakho-ke, inhloso yokuqala ukubheka ubudlelwane phakathi kwezintshisekelo zocansi zabantu abathandanayo / izindlela zokuziphatha zocansi kanye nezinkomba ze-TSO / sex drive esibonelweni esikhulu sabantu besilisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuntuleka kocwaningo kumasampula omphakathi, kuncane kakhulu okwaziwayo ngezici zobulelesi kanye nokuhlangana kwabo nokuziphatha okuyi-hypersexual kwabesilisa. Ngakho-ke, inhloso yesibili yocwaningo olukhona kwakuwukucacisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-TSO, ezinye izinkomba zokushayela kwezocansi kanye nokuziphatha okubandakanyekile kufaka phakathi ukoniwa kwezingane ngokobulili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundo eziningi kuma-TSO kumasampula womphakathi azinakanga isikhathi esichithwa ngemicabango nezocansi [1]. Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo olukhona manje futhi luhlose ukuhlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-TSO kanye nesikhathi esichithwa nokuqagela imicabango yocansi nokusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile.

Izimpahla nezindlela

Imininingwane ebikiwe iyingxenye yocwaningo olukhulu lwabantu olususelwa online kuzintshisakalo zocansi zabesilisa baseJalimane ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa [19]. Lolu cwaningo beluyingxenye yephrojekthi yocwaningo olwaluxhaswe uNgqongqoshe Wezomndeni WaseGerman Wezindaba Zomndeni, Izakhamizi Eziphezulu, Abesifazane Nentsha. Isikhungo sokucwaninga izimakethe saseJalimane savunyelwa ukuba siqoqe idatha ngephaneli eku-inthanethi. Ababambiqhaza baziswe kusengaphambili nge-imeyili mayelana nesihloko salolu cwaningo. Banikeze ifomu lokuvuma eliku-inthanethi ekuqaleni kocwaningo ngokuchofoza inkinobho yokuvuma online ethi "ukwamukela". Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuhoxa ocwaningweni nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngokumane ushiye ikhasi lewebhu le-inhlolovo. Ekupheleni kocwaningo kunikezwe inketho evimbela idatha yomuntu ngamunye ukuthi ifakwe kuhlaziyo. Ukungaziwa ngokuphelele kanye nobumfihlo kwaqinisekiswa kwababambe iqhaza. Ngakho-ke, kusetshenziswe iseva yasenyuvesi ukugcina imininingwane eqoqwe ngenkathi i-server ehlukile enenombolo yokubamba iqhaza ukuze kuqinisekiswe isinxephezelo sababambe iqhaza ngesikhungo sokucwaninga semakethe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yale nqubo, bekungenakwenzeka ukukhomba abantu uma abaphathi bezomthetho behlose ukushushisa amadoda avuma ubulelesi. Ababambiqhaza bazisiwe ngale nqubo ukuze baphendule ngokweqiniso futhi bathola umvuzo wemali we-20 €. Ikomidi lesimilo leJalimane Psychological Society livume inqubo yokufunda nenqubo yokuvuma.

Sekukonke, abesilisa be-17,917 (≥ iminyaka engu-18) bathintwa yisikhungo sokucwaninga ngemakethe ukuze babe ngabamele abesilisa besilisa baseJalimane ngokuya ngeminyaka kanye namazinga emfundo. Ngokulandelana, isixhumanisi sifinyelelwe izikhathi ze-10,538 futhi imininingwane iqoqwe yabahlanganyeli be-10,045. Ngenxa yedatha elahlekile ekuhlolweni okukodwa isampula esebenzayo yancishiswa kwabahlanganyeli be-8,718 (i-48.7% yamadoda aqale athintwa; i-82.7% yababambiqhaza abafinyelela empeleni isixhumanisi). Iminyaka yababambiqhaza abayiminyaka yabafundi yayiyi-43.5 (SD = 13.7, ibanga 18-89). Mayelana nesimo sabo sobuchwepheshe iningi lababambiqhaza liqashiwe (71.5%, n = 6,179) noma uthathe umhlalaphansi (13.1%, n = 1,143), i-5.6% (n = I-488) yabahlanganyeli ibingasebenzi kanye ne-9.7% (n = 836) ayesekuqeqeshelweni okuhle ngesikhathi sokuqoqa imininingwane. Iningi lababambe iqhaza (56.4%, n = 4,874) kwadingeka ukuthi isivivinyo sokushiya kwesikole sithathwe ekugcineni kwe-13^th unyaka, i-30.3% (n = 2,618) uqede isikole nge-diploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu, i-12.7% (n = 1,104) ngesiqu semfundo yesikole sesibili, i-0.3% (n = 24) ibingenakho ukuthweswa iziqu, kanye ne-0.3% (n = 28) bebesasesikoleni. Abahlanganyeli behluke kwesibalo sabantu besilisa baseJalimane ngokuya ngeminyaka kanye namazinga emfundo njengoba kwakukhona ukunikezwa ngokweqile kwemfundo ephakeme kanye nobudala be-30-49 kanti imfundo ephansi kanye nabesilisa abedlula i-65 bebethulwe [19]. Ngemiphumela enemininingwane emayelana nokwanda okubikwa kokuthakazelelwa kocansi ezinganeni ezisanda kuqala kubhekiswa ku- [19].

Izindlela

I-TSO ikalwe ngombuzo olandelayo: “Sicela ucabange ngesonto ejwayelekile ngonyaka wokugcina: Zingaki ama-orgasms onazo ngokwesilinganiso akukhathalekile ukuthi i-orgasm izuzwe kanjani (e.g., wokushaya indlwabu, ukuhlangana ngocansi, amaphupho amanzi)? ”. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-sex drive ("Sicela ucabange ngesonto ejwayelekile ngonyaka wokugcina: Besinamandla kangakanani isifiso sakho sokwenza ucansi?") Kanye nesikhathi esichithwa ngemicabango yocansi, izinkanuko zocansi, nokuziphatha kwezocansi ("Uyacelwa ukuthi ucabange ngosuku olujwayelekile ngonyaka owedlule: Sicela ulinganise isikhathi osichitha nemicabango yocansi, izinkanuko zobulili, nokuziphatha kocansi. ”) Kanye nokusebenzisa izithombe zocansi ("Uyacelwa ukuthi ucabange ngosuku olujwayelekile onyakeni wokugcina: Sicela ulinganise isikhathi osichitha ubuka izithombe zocansi (isib, izitho zangasese ezingenqunu) ukuze uvuswe ngocansi?") Zahlolwa. I-sex drive ikalwe esikalini se-100-point slider. Inani lesikhathi esichithwe ngemicabango yokuya ocansini, izinkanuko zocansi, nokuziphatha kobulili kanye nezithombe zobulili ezingcolile zahlolwa kusetshenziswa ifomathi yezimpendulo evulekile (amahora nemizuzu ngosuku). Imibono yokuziphatha nokuziphatha okuphathelene nezocansi okuqondiswe ezinganeni ezisanda kuqalwa kuhlolwe ngenguqulo efingqiwe ye-12-nto ye-Exposed Sexual Isithasiselo Senzuzo Yombuzo (ESIQ) [20]. I-ESIQ ikhonjiswe njengesilinganiso esinokwethenjelwa nesivumelekile sezindaba zocansi zabantu abadala kanye ne-pedophilic [20-22]. Izinto zenguqulo efushanisiwe zibhekisele kwizigaba ezine zokuhlakulela ezocansi (abafana noma amantombazane preubescent years iminyaka ye-12 nabesifazane noma abesilisa) futhi okubandakanya izinto ezintathu ezichaza imicabango yocansi ("Ngikuthola kuyiphutha ukubona umzimba… ngezingubo","Ngiyajabula lapho ngicabanga ukuthi a… uyangivuselela","Ngikuthola kuyiphutha ukuthi ucabange ukulala nomuntu nge-… ”) kanye nokuziphatha kocansi ("Ngicindezele ucansi…","Ngilulume ulimi…","Ngikujabulele ukuthinta izitho zami zangasese zithintwe yi…”). Ababambiqhaza kwakudingeka bakhombise ngezinga le-dichotomous (iqiniso / amanga) ukuthi ngabe babonile yini imicabango ehambisana nocansi nokuziphatha njengabantu abadala (> iminyaka eyi-18). Ukuthembeka (ukungaguquguquki kwangaphakathi) kokuhlanganiswa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-ESIQ kwakukuhle: imicabango yocansi ebandakanya amantombazane (α = .81), abafana (α = .86), abesifazane (α = .90), namadoda (α = .92). Izinto zezinganekwane zocansi zezingane zazisetshenziswa njengezinkomba zentshisekelo yezocansi kanti izinto zokuziphatha ngokocansi kwezingane zazisetshenziswa njengokukhombisa amacala okuya ocansini ezinganeni. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi zezingane kuhlolwe ngale nto elandelayo: “Wake wazibuka izithombe zezithombe zocansi zezingane, isb. Izitho zangasese zezingane zinqunu, ukuba zivuswe ngocansi usuneminyaka engu-18 ubudala?” [iqiniso / amanga]). Futhi, izingane zazibanjelwe ukumela izigaba zangaphambi kokukhula ngokocansi. Ukuze kuhlolwe ukuziphatha kwabahlanganyeli okungahambisani nomphakathi kanye nomlando wobugebengu babuzwa ukuthi baphendule imibuzo emithathu elandelayo yokukhetha ngenkani: 1. Wake wagwetshelwa icala lokwephula impahla (njll. i-larceny, ukugqekeza)?; I-2. Wake wagwetshelwa icala elinobudlova (njll. ukulimala komzimba)?; I-3. Wake wagwetshelwa icala lokuya ocansini (njll. ukuphoqelela ngokocansi, ukudlwengula, ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi)?

Ukuhlaziywa kwesitatimende

Ukuze ukwazi ukubona kahle abathengisi Ukuphambuka ngokuphelele (MAD) [23] ibalwe i-TSO, isikhathi esichithwe ngemicabango yokuya ocansini, izinkanuko, nokuziphatha kanye nenani lesikhathi sokubuka izithombe zocansi. IMAD ihlaziya ukunqunyelwa kokususwa kwabathengisi be-TSO ≥ 10, ≥ imizuzu ye-165 yemicabango yansuku zonke yezocansi, ukunxusa, nokuziphatha, kanye nemizuzu engu-≥ ye-95 yokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi nsuku zonke. Ukuhlaziywa kwezokuxhumana kwenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-TSO ngokuphelele (okungukuthi, njengokwakheka okungafani), ukuqhutshwa kobulili obucashile, isikhathi esichithwa ngemicabango yocansi nokubuka izithombe zocansi. Ukuxhunyaniswa okuningana kwabalwa ukuze kuhlolwe ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinkomba ze-TSO noma izinkomba zokuya ocansini kanye nezintshisekelo ze-pedophilic, ukuziphatha okonqena ngokocansi kanye nomlando wobugebengu. Ukuze kucaciswe umthelela wokunqunywa kwesigaba se-hypersexourse, ababambiqhaza bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili: i-hypersexuality ephansi nephezulu yokuzazisa njengokususelwa kunani elihlongozwayo le-TSO ≥ 7 nguKafka [5]. Ngoba imvamisa yemisebenzi yokuya ocansini nokushayela kwezocansi ngokwesilinganiso iyancipha ngobudala kuze kube yilapho abantu abancane babika izitolo eziningi zocansi ngeviki [7] senze ucwaningo olwengeziwe sisebenzisa ukuxhumana okuyingxenye okulawulwa iminyaka yobudala. Ekugcineni, senze ukucubungula okulinganiselwe kokubhalwa phansi kwe-hierarkical kanambambili yokuhlaziya [24] ukuvivinya imiphumela yokusebenzelana kwezinkomba zokuya ocansini, ukuzwana, kanye nemibono yocansi ehlobene nengane ekuxhumaneni nokuhlukumeza ngokocansi kwengane nokusebenzisa kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane.

Imiphumela

Sekukonke, okusho ukuthi i-TSO / isonto bekuyi-3.46 (SD = 2.29). Ngokwesilinganiso abahlanganyeli basebenzise imizuzu engu-45.2 / ngosuku (SD = 38.1) ngemicabango nezocansi ngokocansi. Amaphuzu okushayela kwe-sex drive yi-59.7 (SD = 21.4) kanye nesikhathi esibikwa nsuku zonke sokusebenzisa izithombe zocansi kwakuyimizuzu ye-13.1 (SD = 19.3). Iqembu elingelona i-hypersexual laliqukethe abesilisa be-7,339 (87.9%), kanti abesilisa be-1,011 (12.1%) bahlukaniswe kwiqembu le-hypersexual ngokusho kwenani lesilinganiso se-TSO ≥ 7. I-sex drive kanye ne-TSO kuhlobene kahle nokudla isikhathi nemicabango yokuya ocansini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kube nokuhlangana okuhle okubonakalayo phakathi kwe-TSO ne-sex drive nesikhathi esichithwe ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile. Ukuxhumeka okuyingxenye okulungisiwe ngeminyaka yobudala kanye nemiphumela yemfundo kubonise iphethini efanayo yemiphumela (bheka Ithebula 1). Njengoba zonke izindlela ezikhombisa ubulili be-sex bezihlangene kahle sibalile inkomba yokushayela ngobulili ehlanganisiwe equkethe z-I-Tardardised TSO / isonto, izilinganiso zokushayela ocansini ocansini, kanye nesikhathi esichithwa ukubuka izithombe zocansi nokwenza imicabango ngokuqukethwe ngocansi (α = .66). Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkomba yokuhlukumeza inqunywe ngokuhlanganisa okwandulelayo okubikiwe (okunodlame, impahla, ezocansi). Njengoba imizwa yocansi ingahle idlule ngokuhlukunyezwa kwezingane okubikwa ukuthi iyazibika nathi sibala inkomba ehlanganisiwe yokushiya iziphambeko zocansi.

    

 

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Ithebula 1. Ukubuka konke kwe-sex drive intercorrelations (ngaphezulu kwe-diagonal zero-oda ukuxhumana, ngaphansi kokuxhumeka okuyingxenye kwe-diagonal okulungisiwe ngeminyaka nemfundo).

 

http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129730.t001

Ukuxhumana kwe-Zero-oda

Ukuze uqinisekise ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-TSO kanye nezintshisekelo ze-pedophilic, kwenziwa ukuhlaziya kokuhlobanisa. I-sex drive, i-TSO, kanye ne-TSO ≥ I-7 yayihlotshaniswa kahle nemicabango yocansi ebandakanya izingane nokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqhutshwa kobulili obuhlanganisiwe kuhlangene kahle nokuziphatha okubi ngokobulili okuzivezile ngaphambili. Ngokuphathelene nokuziphatha okungekho emthethweni, i-TSO ne-TSO ≥ 7 bezihlobene kahle nomlando wempahla nezinto ezihlukumezanayo ezinobudlova esikhathini esedlule, kanti akukho budlelwano bokuphatha kabi ucansi obutholakele. Idrayivu yocansi ehlobene ikhombise ukuhlangana okuhle nazo zonke izigaba zokona. Kodwa-ke, osayizi bokusebenza babebancane (Ithebula 2).

    

 

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Ithebula 2. Ukubuka konke kwe-zero-oda lokuhlukunyezwa kwezingane ngokocansi kwengozi.

 

http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129730.t002

Ukuhlaziywa kokucabanga okunengqondo

Ukuhlaziywa kokubhalwa kwengqondo kweHistarchical kudalule ukuthi ukucaphuna kokuzenzisa obekucatshangelwa ngokwezingane ezihlobene ne-preubescent kwakuhlotshaniswa nemicabango yocansi nengane (ngaphandle kwemibono yocansi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumana okukhulu phakathi kokucabanga kobuhlakani kanye nemicabango yezocansi okubandakanya izingane kuqhamuke kuqinisa umphumela wokulinganisela (I-Fig 1): Kwabesilisa abangabikanga mbono kusampula akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kokucabanga ngocansi ngezingane nokuxhumana kokona ngokwezingane kuqhamuka. Kodwa-ke, amathuba okuthi abike ukuhlukunyezwa kwezingane ngokocansi akhuphuke kakhulu kumadoda abike nokugwetshwa kwakhe amacala obugebengu obuvela ezigabeni ezimbili ezahlukene (udlame, impahla). Ngokuphawulekile, idrayivu eyenzelwe ukuhlangana ngocansi ayikhombisanga ukuhlangana nokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi futhi akukho miphumela eminye yokuxhumana evelile (Ithebula 3). Ukucabanga okufanayo kokucabanga okunengqondo kuhlaziya ngokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane okuzenzakalelayo okubikwa njengokuthi imigomo ikhombe izixhumanisi ezintathu ezizimele zokushayela ezocansi, imibono yocansi ebandakanya izingane, kanye nobuntu bokungabandakanyeki kwezocansi. Akukho okunye ukusebenzisana okuveziwe.

    

 

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I-Fig 1. Amathuba wokuxhumana nokuhlukunyezwa kwezingane ngokocansi njengomsebenzi wesilinganiso esenzekile sokuzibika kwamaphupho ocansi wezingane (+ 1 SD vs. - 1 SD) kanye nokuhlukumeza (ukubonwa okungahlanganisi ubulili; isilinganiso sesampula [low] vs. preonvictions [2]) ezahlukahlukene.

 

http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129730.g001

    

 

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Ithebula 3. Isifinyezo sokuhlaziywa kokuhlelwa kokubhalwa kwengqondo kwe-hierarchical kuhlaziya ukuhlukunyezwa kwezingane ngokocansi njengomsebenzi we-sex drive, antisociality, kanye nemibono yocansi ebandakanya izingane.

 

http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129730.t003

Yize kunjalo, ukumodareyitha kuchaze amasheya abalulekile wokuhluka kwezibalo ukwanda kwe-net akubonakali kahle njengoba kubalwe ngokwanda kwe-1% kokwehluka okuchaziwe. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela eyinhloko ezimele ye-multivariate ihlukaniswe phakathi kokungalingani okuvela ku-1.1 kuya ku-2.0 (Ithebula 3) maqondana nokuhlukumeza, imicabango yocansi ebandakanya izingane ezisanda kuzalwa, kanye ne-sex drive (eyokugcina kuphela uma kunokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile okuzenzakalelayo).

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Lolu cwaningo lwamanje lunikeza ukuqonda okuhambisana nomtholampilo kokuhlangana okuyikho kokuphathelene nobungqingili kanye nokubandlulula kokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual kwisampula esikhulu sabesilisa besilisa esingewona umtholampilo. Amamodeli we-Etiological kanye nemibono yokuhlukumeza ngokocansi ebhekiswe ezinganeni ibheka intshisekelo yokuya ocansini nengqondo njengento yokungenisa efaka izinto ezingobungozi ekuhlukumezeni ngokocansi [9, 25]. Imiphumela ekhona ihambisana nalombono. Ekuhlaziyweni kwezibalo kuhlaziya izindlela zokuziphatha ezingekho emthethweni kanye nemicabango yokuya ocansini ebandakanya izingane, inkomba yezintshisakalo zokwehlukaniswa, yayihlotshaniswa nokuhlukunyezwa kwezingane ngocansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlangana okubalulekile phakathi kokuhlukumezeka kanye nemicabango yocansi ebandakanya izingane ekuhlaziyweni kokuhlelwa kwengqondo okubonakalayo kungakhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukutholakala kokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi kukhule kakhulu emadodeni anezibalo eziphakeme kakhulu zokuzibika kwezingqondo zocansi ezibandakanya izingane nokuziphatha okucasulayo esikhathini esidlule. Ngokuphambene nalokho, noma ngabe ukuqhutshwa kobulili akuhambisani nokuthi kuhlanganiswe nemicabango engenangqondo kukhombisa ukuzihlanganisa nokuhlukumeza ngokocansi. Ngakho-ke, imiphumela yamanje ikhombisa ukuthi imiphumela yokushaywa kocansi ngokujwayelekile nangokuqondile i-hypersexual behaviour njengoba kulinganiswa yi-TSO ekuziphatheni okuphathelene nokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi kwezingane nezingane kuncane ngezinga lokufakwa kwe-zero-oda futhi inyamalala ngokuphelele lapho ingenile Ukuhlaziywa kwe-multivariate.

Ucwaningo lwamanje lunikeza ubufakazi bokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi kwengane njengombikezeli wenzalo yezocansi ezinganeni [26]. Phakathi kwabasebenzisi bezithombe zocansi, uRay et al [27] ithole ukuthi abasebenzisi bezithombe zocansi bezingane kungenzeka futhi babike inzalo ekuxhumaneni nezingane ngocansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane nokuziphatha okuphathelene nezocansi kwakhonjwa kumasampula ezinsizwa zaseScandinavia [28]. Kuhambisana nemiphumela yangaphambilini, ekusetshenzisweni kwezithombe zocansi ezinganeni njengamanje kuhlobene kahle nokuxhumana kokona okuphathelene nocansi kwezingane nemicabango yocansi ebandakanya izingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlangana kwezocansi okuhlanganisiwe, ukuziphatha okungahlangene nomuntu kanye nemicabango yocansi ebandakanya izingane kukhonjwe njengezinto ezingaba yingozi ekusetshenzisweni kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane. Ngakho-ke, kuko konke lokhu kwakhiwa kubukeka sengathi kukhona izixhumanisi ezizimele zokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane. Ezincwadini kuchazwa izincazelo eziningi zokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane. Izici eziyisisekelo zokuzibandakanya ekusetshenzisweni kwezithombe zocansi zezingane zibonakala njengezintshisekelo zocansi ezinganeni kanye / noma ekuziphatheni okujabulisayo ngenxa yendlela ejwayelekile yokuthola izithombe zocansi ezijwayelekile [27, 28]. Ukuxhomekeka kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyindlela evamile yokuziphatha kwabesilisa ngokobulili [1, 2]. Ngakho-ke, ubudlelwane phakathi kokushaywa kocansi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane kungahle kuchazwe iqiniso lokuthi ukusetshenziswa njalo kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kanye nentshisekelo esakazeka kabanzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo (a) zocansi ezijwayelekile zingabonakala njengezinkomba zokuthi kuyanda ukwanda kwezocansi. Ngakho-ke, kusampula yezinsizwa zabesilisa, uSvedin et al [29] ukhombe ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi njalo nokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane. Ngakho-ke, kubonakala sengathi abantu abavame ukusebenzisa kabi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile banobungozi obukhulu bokuxhumana nezithombe zocansi zezingane [30]. Ngokufanayo, esifundweni esithe xaxa inkanuko yobulili ejwayelekile ibikezela ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane [28]. Noma kunjalo, akukacaci ukuthi i-sex drive iholela ekusetshenzisweni kwezithombe zocansi, noma okuphambene nalokho. Futhi inqubo eyindilinga yokuqinisa lapho ukutholakala kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ku-inthanethi kusebenza njengesiqinisi esinamandla sokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual kubonakala kungenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa okungahambisani (okusho, okuyi-ideitudinal) ende yezizathu zokuziphatha lapho i-hypersexual behaviour / sex drive inomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kufanele kuhloswe ngazo ocwaningweni oluzayo.

Inhlangano eyaziwayo phakathi kokuziphatha kwe-antisocial ne-testosterone [31] akukaphenywa ebudlelwaneni bayo nezinto eziphathelene nezocansi. Ocwaningweni lwamanje kuhlobene ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-TSO ephezulu nezinkomba zokuphikisana nokutholwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu okutholakele kukhawulelwe ngosayizi omncane womphumela. Ucwaningo lwekusasa kufanele-ke luhlolisise kabanzi ukuhlangana phakathi kwezinga le-testosterone, i-TSO, kanye ne-antisociality.

Ukulinganiselwa kanye nokubuka

Ukuntuleka kocwaningo enhlanganweni phakathi kwesikhathi esichithwa nemicabango yocansi kanye nezifiso nge-TSO kumasampula omphakathi [1]. Ocwaningweni olukhona, i-TSO kanye ne-sex drive bezihambisana nezilinganiso eziphakeme zesikhathi zokusebenzisa imicabango yezocansi nokusebenzisa izithombe zocansi. Lokhu kutholwa kwakulindelwe futhi kusikisela ukuthi isikhathi sesikhathi esichithwa nemisebenzi yezocansi singabaluleka encazelweni yokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual [5]. Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yencazelo yokuphazamiseka kwemitholampilo hhayi nje kuphela ukusebenza kwezimpawu kodwa ukucabanga kwengqondo kanye / noma mhlawumbe futhi nenqubo yokulimaza abanye abangavumi abanye kufanele icatshangwe. Komphumela, ucwaningo olukhona lukhawulelwe ukuntuleka kwemininingwane yezimpawu ezifanele zomtholampilo ezibangelwa ukuziphatha kwe-hypersexual noma i-high sex drive, noma ngabe ukucatshangelwa kungahle kube nobungozi ekungavumi abanye kuvunyelwe. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe ngokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual kufanele lubhekane nosizi lomtholampilo njengesihambisi eceleni kwenani lama-orgasms nokuchitha isikhathi nezinkinga ezihlobene nobulili.

Kunemikhawulo eminingana yalolu cwaningo. Okokuqala imininingwane isuselwa ekuzibikeni ngokwakho futhi imiphumela ikhawulelwe kubantu baseJalimane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubungako bemphumela ekuhlaziyweni kwezibalo ikakhulukazi emigomeni yokuxhumana bekuncane. Lolu cwaningo luphinde lwakhawulelwa ukwakhiwa kwalo okuphathelene nengxenye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi kulolu cwaningo olukhona lwe-hypersexual behaviour kanye ne-sex drive lwalususelwa kumbiko wokuziveza futhi akumele kudidaniswe noma yiziphi izakhi ezisetshenziselwa ekuhlolweni kwengozi yezocansi okufana nokuzibandakanya ocansini eStable-2007 [32] noma nezindlela zokuxilonga zesifo sehypersexual disorder [1]. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibuzo mayelana nezindawo zokuya ocansini sezizonke, ukuqhutshwa kocansi, kanye nemicabango / ukunxenxa ngokocansi kwabuzwa ngendlela "yesonto elijwayelekile noma usuku olujwayelekile onyakeni owedlule". Lolu hlobo lokwakheka lungaba sengozini enkulu yokukhumbula ukwenzelela kunokubuza ngesonto eledlule, lapho isonto “likhethwe ngokungahleliwe” futhi ngaleyo ndlela lingathathwa njengommeleli omningi wonyaka odlule. Futhi ukusebenza kokuziphatha okungahlangene nomphakathi njengokubona kwangaphambili kungathathwa njengokuyindlela yokulondoloza. Izifundo ezengeziwe zingalinganisa isimilo sokungazibandakanyi nomphakathi ngokubuza ukuthi ngabe umuntu wake weba yini, wahlasela, noma wenza ezinye izenzo zokungahlali nabantu. Esinye isici okufanele sengezwe ocwaningweni oluzayo ngumehluko phakathi kocansi / isenzo socansi ebudlelwaneni nasemisebenzini yezocansi engeyona eyomuntu. Lokhu kungacatshangwa ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ukwenza ucansi ebudlelwaneni obuzinzile ngokwesilinganiso kuhlotshaniswa nomoya omuhle kanti amanani aphezulu ezenzo zobulili ezingezona ezomuntu avame ukuhlobene nezimo zemizwa engemihle [7, 8]. Ukuze uhlole izinkinga zokusondelana ezingase zihambisane ne-hypersexourse, ezinye izifundo, ezithatha umehluko ohlongozwayo phakathi kwezitolo zocansi, zizodingeka ukwenziwa [2].

Imiphumela yocwaningo olukhona iveza ukuthi ubudlelwane phakathi kokuziphatha kwe-hypersexual njengoba kulinganiswa yi-TSO, i-sex drive, kanye nokuxhumana kokuhlukumeza ngokocansi kubantu besampula emphakathini kwakuphansi kunalokho obekulindelwe. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ubudlelwano bukhona phakathi kwezinkomba zokushayela ngocansi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi kwezingane. Okushiwo yilokhu okutholakele ukuthi ekuhlolweni kokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kufanele kubhekwe nazo. Yize kunjalo, ekusebenzeni ngokomtholampilo (futhi ikakhulukazi kubantu besikhathi sasemuva) ukuhlolwa komlando wobelelesi kanye nezintshisekelo zabantu abasebenza ngokufana nabaphikisi bezimpawu zabantu besilisa kufanele kusacatshangelwe.

Iminikelo Yomlobi

Yamukelwa futhi yaqalwa izilingo: PB AFS VK DT. Kuhlaziywe imininingwane: AFS VK. Ama-reagents anikelwe / izinto zokwakha / amathuluzi wokuhlaziya: i-VK AFS DT PB. Ubhale iphepha: VK AFS DT PB.

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