J Behav Addict. 2019 Sep 11: 1-9. i-doi: 10.1556 / 2006.8.2019.47.
IBrahim FB1, Rothen S2,3, I-Bianchi-Demicheli F3, I-Courtois R1,4, Khazaal Y5,6.
abstract
UMLANDO NEMIBUZO:
I-cybersex iya ngokuya ihlotshaniswa nokukhathazeka ngokusetshenziswa okuphoqelelayo. Inhloso yalolu cwaningo bekungukuhlola izindima zezisusa kanye nesifiso sobulili ekusebenziseni okukucindezela kwe-cybersex.
IZINDLELA:
Isampula yayiqukethe abasebenzisi be-cybersex be-306 (amadoda we-150 nabesifazane be-156). Ababambiqhaza bahlolwa kusetshenziswa i-Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) ehunyushelwe i-cybersex, i-Cybersex Motives Questionnaire (ukuthuthukisa, ukukopisha, kanye nezinhloso zezenhlalo), kanye ne-Sexual Desire Inventory-2 (i-dyadic kanye nesifiso sobulili esiyedwa).
IZIPHUMA:
Kubo bobabili abesilisa nabesilisa, isisusa sokubhekana naleso sikhathi sasihlotshaniswa nesikolo se-CIUS. Kwabesifazane, ubudlelwane obungeziwe nezinhloso zezenhlalo buye batholakala ngenkathi ukuhlangana nesifiso sobulili kutholakala kwabesilisa.
ISIPHUMELELO:
Ucwaningo lukhombise umehluko wobulili kwabanikeli ezikolweni ezihlobene nezocansi.
KEYWORDS:
Uhlu lwemibuzo lwe-cybersex Motives; Umlutha we-Intanethi; i-cybersex ephoqelekile; umlutha we-cybersex; isifiso sobulili
I-PMID: 31505968
I-DOI: 10.1556/2006.8.2019.47
I-cybersex ifaka phakathi imisebenzi ye-Intanethi ehlobene nokuya ocansini, efana nezithombe zocansi, i-webcam, ingxoxo yocansi, imidlalo yobulili online, kanye nokuqomisana (I-Döring, 2009; UWry noBillieux, 2017). Ngaphezu kokuhlangana okungokoqobo, i-cybersex ingenza kube lula ukuhlangana nabalingani bangempela bezothando nezocansi. Eminye imithelela emihle ye-cybersex iye yaphawulwa (UGrov, Gillespie, Royce, & Lever, 2011). Isibonelo, kungakhulisa ukuvuswa kocansi futhi ihambisane nokuzibandakanya ezenzweni zocansi (Allen, Kannis-Dymand, & Katsikitis, 2017). Kungasiza futhi imibhangqwana enogqozi locansi noma ngokuhlola izindlela ezintsha zocansi (I-Albright, 2008; UPhilaretou, uMahfouz, no-Allen, 2005).
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cybersex okuphoqelekile kubonakala kuthinta ingxenye encane yabathengi be-cybersex (UDufour et al., 2016; I-Frangos, i-Frangos, ne-Sotiropoulos, ngo-2010; I-Kafka, i-2010) futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ihlotshaniswe nokukhathazeka kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka ekufezeni izibopho zempilo yansuku zonke, nezinkinga ezihlobene nokulala (I-Grubbs, Volk, Exline, nePargament, 2015; UKarila et al., 2014). Ezifundweni eziningana ezibandakanya abesilisa nabesifazane, abasebenzisi be-cybersex abaphoqelekile, uma kuqhathaniswa nezilawuli, bakhombise ukuphindeka okukhulu futhi okuyi-cue kusuka ekubukeni i-porn (UBrand et al., 2011; ILaier & Brand, 2014; ILaier, iPawlikowski, iPekal, iSchulte, neBrand, 2013; I-Laier, i-Pekal, ne-Brand, i-2014). Noma kunjalo, ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwesihloko, kufundwe kancane (UBrand et al., 2011). Ikakhulu, kuncane okwaziwayo ngokunqunywa okungokwengqondo kokusebenzisa okuphoqelekile kwe-cybersex (UFranc et al., 2018).
Imizwelo engemihle ehlanganiswe nokuphuthumayo okungalungile (ukuthambekela kokungaziphathi kahle ezimweni ezingezinhle zemizwelo) kutholakele kube nomthelela ekusebenziseni i-cybersex (I-Wéry, i-Deleuze, iCanale, neBillieux, i-2018), mhlawumbe njengendlela yokubhekana nomthelela omubi. Izisusa, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlobene nokubhekana nesimo (okungukuthi, ukubalekela izinkinga zempilo yangempela), ziyaziwa ukuthi zithonya ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (IBenschop et al., 2015), imilutha yokuziphathaUBillieux et al., 2011; UKirály et al., 2015; UZanetta Dauriat et al., 2011), ne-cybersex ephoqelekile (Umkhiqizo, iLaier, & Nentsha, 2014). I-cybersex, enokushaya indlwabu noma ngaphandle kokushaya indlwabu (UPutnam noMaheu, 2000; UWryry, uKarila, uSutter, noBillieux, ngo-2014), isetshenziswa abanye abantu njengecebo lokuphamba ukuphatha imizwa engemihle (IBarrault, Hegbe, Bertsch, & Courtois, 2016; Ezaseningizimu, i-2008). Ukuthuthukisa kanye nezinhloso zenhlalo (UFranc et al., 2018) futhi ingadlala indima ku-cybersex ephoqelekile. Ucwaningo lokuqomisana nge-Intanethi luye lwacacisa iqhaza lezinjongo zezenhlalo (ISumter, iVandenbosch, neLigtenberg, 2017) kanye nesifiso sokuvuka lapho ubuka i-porn (Intsha, i-2008).
Isifiso sobulili siyisici sokushayela sempilo yokuphila nokwenza izinto zocansi (I-Levine, 2003; I-Pfaus, i-2009). Ubudlelwano obulinganisile butholakele phakathi kwesifiso sobulili kanye nezinhloso zokuthuthukisa i-cybersex (Ikhomishini Yemiphakathi YaseYurophu, i-2002; UFranc et al., 2018; UMark, uToland, uRosenkrantz, uBrown, noHong, 2018; Spector, Carey, & Steinberg, 1996), okuhlangana nemiphumela yokwandisa nevuselelayo ye-cybersex (UBeutel et al., 2017; Reid, Li, Gilliland, Stein, & Fong, 2011). Ucwaningo lwakamuva luthola ukuhlangana okubuthakathaka phakathi kwezisusa zokwenza impilo nge-cybersex kanye nesifiso sobulili, futhi akukho budlelwano phakathi kwesifiso sobulili esizodwa nezisusa zenhlalo ye-cybersexUFranc et al., 2018).
Inhloso yalolu cwaningo ngakho-ke bekungukuhlola ithonya lezinjongo ezihlobene ne-cybersex kanye nesifiso sobulili ekusetshenzisweni kwe-cybersex okuphoqelekile kwabesilisa nabesifazane.
Lolu cwaningo lwenziwe online ngokuthumela izikhangiso kumasayithi ahlobene nocansi kanye nezinkundla ngesivumelwano sabaphathi be-web. Bekuhloswe kunoma ngubani oneminyaka engu-18 iminyaka noma ngaphezulu kokubamba iqhaza ezenzweni zocansi eziku-inthanethi. Akukho ukukhokhelwa okwenziwe ekubandakanyeni esifundweni.
Ngemuva kwenqubo yokuqashwa, abantu be-761 bachofoze kusixhumanisi futhi i-605 yavuma ukubamba iqhaza ocwaningweni. Izinga lokuqedwa lehla kancane kancane, futhi i-358 yezifundo ze605 eziqale uhlu lwemibuzo ziyaqhubeka zadlula isigaba sedatha yabantu. Ngemuva kokuba amanani alahlekile esusiwe, isampula yokugcina yayiqukethe izifundo ze-306, okungukuthi, amadoda we-150 (i-49%) nabesifazane be-156 (51%). Ububanzi beminyaka kwakuyiminyaka ye-18-69, iminyaka engu-32.63 (± 10.83) yeminyaka. Isilinganiso sobudala besilisa sasiyiminyaka ye-33.44 (± 11.84) kanye neminyaka yabesifazane i-31.86 (± 9.73). Ababambe iqhaza babevela ikakhulukazi eSwitzerland (68%), eFrance (25%), eBelgium (2%), eCanada (1%), e-USA (1%), nakwamanye amazwe. Cishe i-73% yabahlanganyeli yayisobudlelwaneni. Abantu abanokuthambekela kobulili obuhlukile abamele cishe i-84% yesampula, labo abanokuthambekela kokuphikisana nge-12%, futhi nge-4% bathi bangobungqingili.
Ingxenye yokuqala yohlu lwemibuzo ibandakanya imibuzo ehlola izici zabahlanganyeli bezenhlalo. Izinsalela zohlu lwemibuzo zihlanganisa amathuluzi amathathu: (a) i-Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS), (b) i-Cybersex Motives Questionnaire (CMQ), kanye (c) ne-Sexual Desire Inventory-2 (SDI-2).
I-CIUS yayenzelwe ukuhlaziya ukusetshenziswa kwe-Intanethi okuluthayo (UMeerkerk, uVan Den Eijnden, uVermulst, noGarretsen, ngo-2009) futhi iqinisekisiwe kanjalo. Siqukethe izinto ze-14 ngesikali se-5-point Likert kusuka ku-0 (ungalokothi) ku-56 (ngokujwayelekile). I-CIUS ibilokhu kutholakala ukuthi inesakhiwo esihlanganisiwe ezifundweni ezahlukahlukene kanye namasampula (Khazaal et al., 2011, 2012; UMeerkerk et al., 2009; UWartberg, uPeteren, uKammerl, uRosenkranz, noThomasius, ngo-2014). Izikolo eziphakeme zibonisa ukungakwazi kwabo ukuphendula ukukhawula ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwe-Intanethi. Njengoba kubikiwe kwezinye izifundo ezihlola izindlela zokulutha ezihlobene ne-Intanethi (Khazaal et al., 2015), i-CIUS iguquliwe ukuze ihlole ukusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile kwe-cybersex.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-CIUS ibhekise kuphela ekuziphatheni kwe-cybersex, sidonsela ukunakekela kwababambe iqhaza eqinisweni lokuthi igama Internet esikalini kubhekiswa kuphela kwi-cybersex. I-CIUS nezinye izinsimbi eziklanyelwe ukuhlola umlutha we-Intanethi ziguqulwe ngempumelelo ekutadisheni amageyimu nokugembula (Khazaal et al., 2015), ne-cybersex (Downing, Antebi, & Schrimshaw, 2014; UVarfi et al., 2019; UWry et al., 2018), ngaphandle kokushintsha izakhiwo zabo ze-psychometric.
Izinto ze-CIUS zibheka izimpawu ezijwayelekile zokusebenzisa okuphoqelekile kwe-Intanethi okukhulunywa ngazo ezincwadini, njengokulahleka kokulawula, ukuqaphela, izimpawu zokuhoxisa, ukubhekana nezinguquko zemizwelo. Inokuqina okuhle nokuvumelana okungaphakathi kwangaphakathi (Cronbach's α = .90; UMeerkerk et al., 2009).
I-CMQ ikhomba izinhloso ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwezindawo zocansi (UFranc et al., 2018). Kuqukethe izinto ze-14 ezikalwe esikalini se-5-point Likert kusuka ungalokothi kuya njalo noma cishe njalo, yakhiwe yahlangana nezici ezintathu: Ukuthuthukiswa, Komphakathi, kanye Nokubhekana Nempilo. Isisusa sokwenza ngcono sihambelana nenjabulo nokuzijabulisa kocansi online (isb., “Ngoba kuyajabulisa” nokuthi “Ngoba ngiyawuthanda umuzwa”). Isisusa senhlalo sibhekisa ekuzihlanganiseni okungenziwa ngumsebenzisi emhlabeni obonakalayo okhuthaza futhi wamukele amaphupho ajulile (okusho ukuthi, “Ukuba nobungane nokuthandwa abanye” nokuthi “Ukuhlangana nomuntu othile”). Isizathu sesithathu sisho amasu okubhekana nezinkinga abonisa ukusetshenziswa kocansi lwe-inthanethi njengendlela yokubalekela iqiniso nokuyeka ukukhathazeka ngempilo yangempela (okungukuthi, "Kuyangiduduza uma ngisesimweni esingesihle" nokuthi "Ukuze ngikhohlwe izinkinga noma ukukhathazeka ”). I-CMQ inezimfanelo ezigculisayo ze-psychometric. ICronbach's α ingu-.84 wento yokuqala, .73 yesici sesibili, kuthi .79 yesici sesithathu (UFranc et al., 2018), okwamukelekayo.
I-SDI-2 isetshenziselwa ukuhlola isifiso sobulili, esichazwa njengentshisekelo ekuziphatheni kwezocansi (USector et al., 1996). Ungomunye wamathuluzi asetshenziswa njalo ekuhlolweni kwesifiso sobulili (UMark et al., 2018). Inezinto ze-14 ezikala ubukhulu nokubaluleka kwesifiso esikalini se-9-point Likert esukela akunasifiso kuya isifiso esinamandla noma kusuka akubalulekile kangako kuya kubaluleke kakhulu. Izinto ezilinganisa imvamisa yemisebenzi yezocansi zikalwe esikalini se-8-point Likert esukela ungalokothi kuya okungaphezu kwesisodwa ngosuku. Izinto zingafingqwa ukukhiqiza amamaki wonke noma ukukhiqiza amamaki ezinhlangothi zawo zombili zezingxenye: (a) isifiso sobulili se-dyadic (isifiso sokuzibandakanya ocansini nomlingani) kanye (b) nesifiso sobulili sangasese (isifiso sokuzibandakanya solo imisebenzi yezocansi). Isifiso sobulili se-Dyadic sifanelana ne-Izinto 1-9, nesibalo esiphelele sisukela ku-0 kuya ku-62, kanye nesifiso sobulili esiyedwa ukuya esamba sezinto zakwa-10-13, ngesilinganiso senani eliphelele kusuka ku-0 kuya ku-23. Into 14 ihlaziya ukuthi ababambiqhaza bangenza okungakanani ngaphandle kokwenza ucansi futhi akuyona ingxenye yesifiso sodwa noma sobukhulu besifiso. Isifiso esijwayelekile siphathelene nezinga lokuziphatha komuntu yedwa kwezemacansini kanye nesifiso esibi esimalunga nokuziphatha okuya ocansini nomngane (USector et al., 1996). I-SDI-2 inezimpawu ezinhle ze-psychometric ezinokuvumelana okuhle kwangaphakathi kwalezi zinto ezimbili (.86 kanye .96, ngokulandelana; USector et al., 1996). Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini lubike izici zesimo se-psychometric ezinzile kuwo wonke amasampula anezilimi ezahlukahlukene kanye nokuqondiswa kwezocansi, njengabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa nabesilisa abathandana nobungqingili (IDosch, Rochat, Ghisletta, Favez, & Van der Linden, 2016; UMark et al., 2018).
Ngemuva kokuhlaziya okuchazayo, sisebenzise iMfundi t-Test ukuhlinzeka ngokuqhathanisa ubulili nokuhlaziya kokuhlobanisa kukaPearson ukuhlola izixhumanisi phakathi kokuguquguqukayo. Lapho idatha yayilahlekile, izikolo zathathelwa indawo isilinganiso samanani atholwe ngumuntu wezinto zokukhokhelwa, noma amamaki aphelele uma uhlu lwemibuzo alunawo okukhokhelwe (umuntu okusho ukumfaka). Izimpendulo ezinesilinganiso sezimpendulo ezingekho ku-10% azifakwanga.
I-Structural equation modelling (SEM) yenziwa kusetshenziswa ukulinganisa okuphezulu kakhulu. Ukulinganiswa kubhekwe njengokuhle uma amanani enkomba wokuqhathanisa afanelekile (i-CFI) esondele ku-.90, χ2/df isilinganiso esiseduze no-2, kanti impande isho iphutha lesikwele lokulinganisa (RMSEA) <0.08 (I-Arbuckle & Wothke, 2003; Byrne, 2010; UHu & Bentler, 1999). Ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo kwenziwa nge-software TIBCO Statistica ™ 13.3.0 (TIBCO Software Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA) kanye ne-IBM® I-SPSS® I-Amos ™ 23.00 (IBM SPSS Software Inc., Wexford, PA, USA).
Ucwaningo lwenziwa ngokuya ngeSimemezelo saseHelsinki. Ikomidi lesimilo lezibhedlela zaseGeneva University livume inqubo yokufunda. Ababambiqhaza banikezwe incazelo ephelele yezinhloso zocwaningo nezindlela eziku-inthanethi. Babuye bacelwa ukuthi banikeze imvume yabo enolwazi kwi-inthanethi, eyabavumela ukuthi baphendule imibuzo ngokungaziwa ngeSurveyMonkey.
Imiphumela echazayo yethulwa kuThebula 1. Konke ukusatshalaliswa kungabhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Ithebula 1 futhi ihlinzeka ngama-coefficients we-Cronbach asetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuthembeka kwezikali. Lokhu kubhekwa njengokwanelisa lapho i-coefficient α ingu> .70, obekuyinto eyenzeka lapha. Ithebula 2 khombisa umehluko ngezindlela ngokobulili. Amadoda athole amaphuzu aphezulu kunabesifazane ngezizathu zokuthuthukisa i-cybersex, kanye nesifiso sobulili se-dyadic nesisodwa (ezinamasayizi amakhulu). Lapho ababambiqhaza abangashadile beqhathaniswa nalabo abahlala nomlingani, kwaba nomehluko omkhulu wesifiso sobulili se-dyadic (41.64 vs. 46.23, t = −2.73, p <.01, ngosayizi womphumela ophakathi). Ukuqhathanisa okwenziwe ngokobulili akuvezanga mehluko obalulekile, yize bekukhona ukuthambekela kwabahlanganyeli bobulili obubili ukubika isifiso sobulili esithe xaxa nokuba nezikolo eziphezulu ze-CIUS.
|
Ithebula 1. Ukuhlaziya okuchazayo kwe-CIUS, CMQ, ne-SDI-2
| Kusho [95% CI] | Median | SD | Ibanga | Skewness | Kurtosis | d (KS) | Lilliefors (p) | I-Cronbach's α | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-CIUS | I-19.54 [18.16-20.91] | 19 | 12.20 | 0-51 | 0.19 | -0.92 | 0.08 | <.01 | .93 |
| Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-CMQ | I-23.85 [23.04-24.66] | 25 | 12.20 | 8-40 | -0.36 | -0.23 | 0.08 | <.01 | .88 |
| I-CMQ yezenhlalo | I-10.33 [9.91-10.74] | 11 | 12.20 | 4-20 | -0.15 | -0.66 | 0.10 | <.01 | .72 |
| Ukwenza i-CMQ | I-12.70 [12.15-13.25] | 13 | 12.20 | 5-25 | 0.06 | -0.85 | 0.08 | <.01 | .81 |
| SDI-2 | I-64.25 [61.96-66.54] | 67 | 20.34 | 0-109 | -0.62 | 0.39 | 0.07 | <.01 | .91 |
| I-SDI-2 dyadic | I-44.97 [43.48-46.47] | 47 | 12.20 | 0-70 | -0.88 | 1.07 | 0.08 | <.01 | .87 |
| SDI-2 eyedwa | I-15.60 [14.61-16.59] | 17 | 12.20 | 0-31 | -0.32 | -0.89 | 0.10 | <.01 | .93 |
Inothi. I-CIUS: Izinga Lokusebenzisa i-Inthanethi eliqhutshwayo; I-CMQ: Uhlu lwemibuzo lwe-cybersex Motives; I-SDI-2: Inventory-2 ye-Sexual Desire I-CI: isikhawu sokuzithemba; SD: ukuphambuka okujwayelekile; d (KS): Ukuhlolwa kweKolmogorov-Smirnov.
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Ithebula 2. Ukuqhathanisa kwe-CIUS, CMQ, kanye nezikolo ze-SDI-2 ngokobulili
| Linganisa | Men | Abesifazane | Isayizi yethonya | t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-maana (SD) | I-maana (SD) | (UCohen's d) | |||
| I-CIUS | 19.30 (11.18) | 19.76 (13.14) | -0.04 | -0.33 | .740 |
| Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-CMQ | 26.25 (6.66) | 21.55 (7.01) | 0.65 | 6.01 | .001 |
| I-CMQ yezenhlalo | 10.18 (3.47) | 10.47 (3.90) | -0.08 | -0.67 | .510 |
| Ukwenza i-CMQ | 12.82 (4.81) | 12.59 (4.93) | 0.05 | 0.40 | .690 |
| SDI-2 | 71.89 (17.88) | 56.90 (19.90) | 0.74 | 6.92 | .001 |
| I-SDI-2 dyadic | 48.35 (12.30) | 41.73 (13.37) | 0.50 | 4.51 | .001 |
| SDI-2 eyedwa | 19.02 (7.64) | 12.31 (8.64) | 0.76 | 7.18 | .001 |
Inothi. I-CIUS: Izinga Lokusebenzisa i-Inthanethi eliqhutshwayo; I-CMQ: Uhlu lwemibuzo lwe-cybersex Motives; I-SDI-2: Inventory-2 ye-Sexual Desire SD: ukuphambuka okujwayelekile.
Ngoba asitholanga mehluko ezikolo ze-CIUS phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane, sibheke ukuthi zasatshalaliswa kanjani ngokuya ngamandla okusetshenziswa kwe-cybersex (aphansi, alinganayo, futhi aphezulu). Isikhundla sabo bonke ababambe iqhaza emaqenjini amathathu (ngokwezihlalo eziphakeme) sikhombisa ukuthi iningi labesifazane lalisezingeni eliphansi futhi elisebenzisa kakhulu, kanti abesilisa ikakhulukazi babeseqenjini elisetshenzisiwe (Ithebula 3).
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Ithebula 3. Izici zamaqembu amathathu abasebenzisi be-cybersex abanezikolo eziphansi, ezilinganiselayo neziphezulu ze-CIUS
| Isikolo se-CIUS ephansi (n = 105) | Isikolo se-Medium CIUS (n = 102) | Isikolo esiphakeme se-CIUS (n = 99) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-CIUS [kusho (SD)] | 6.05 (3.84) | 19.48 (4.05) | 33.89 (5.28) |
| I-CIUS (ibanga) | 0-12 | 13-26 | 27-51 |
| Iminyaka [isho (SD)] | 32.68 (11.17) | 33.15 (11.90) | 32.06 (9.27) |
| Nginothize engithandananaye | 67.62% (n = 71) | 75.49% (n = 77) | 74.75% (n = 74) |
| Men | 46.67% (n = 49) | 56.87% (n = 58) | 43.43% (n = 43) |
| Abesifazane | 53.33% (n = 56) | 43.14% (n = 44) | 56.57% (n = 56) |
| Ukulinganisa kobulili obufanayo | 86.67% (n = 91) | 84.31% (n = 86) | 79.80% (n = 79) |
| Ukuqondiswa kobungqingili | 3.81% (n = 4) | 6.86% (n = 7) | 3.03% (n = 3) |
| Ukuqondiswa kwe-Bisexual | 9.52% (n = 10) | 8.82% (n = 9) | 17.17% (n = 17) |
Inothi. I-CIUS: Izinga Lokusebenzisa i-Inthanethi eliqhutshwayo; SD: ukuphambuka okujwayelekile.
Ithebula 4 kuveza ukuxhumana phakathi kwezikolo ze-CIUS ne-CMQ kanye nokuholwa kwe-SDI-2. Imiphumela iqokomisa ukuxhumana okuhle nokubonakalayo ngayo yonke imikhawulo. Ubudlelwano obuqine kakhulu babonwa phakathi kwamaphuzu we-CIUS nezikolo zezinjongo ze-CMQ zokukopisha (r = .52, p <.001) nezinhloso zenhlalo ze-CMQ (r = .39, p <.001), nakwezinga eliphansi phakathi kwesikolo se-CIUS nezinga lezinhloso zokuthuthukisa (r = .28, p <.001).
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Ithebula 4. Ukuhlangana phakathi kwe-CIUS, CMQ, kanye nezikolo ze-SDI-2
| I-CIUS | Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-CMQ | I-CMQ yezenhlalo | Ukwenza i-CMQ | SDI-2 | I-SDI-2 dyadic | SDI-2 eyedwa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-CIUS | 1 | .28 *** | .39 *** | .52 *** | .16 ** | .15 ** | .14 * |
| Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-CMQ | 1 | .28 *** | .55 *** | .56 *** | .44 *** | .55 *** | |
| I-CMQ yezenhlalo | 1 | .58 *** | .16 ** | .17 ** | .10 | ||
| Ukwenza i-CMQ | 1 | .22 *** | .20 *** | .19 ** | |||
| SDI-2 | 1 | .91 *** | .79 *** | ||||
| I-SDI-2 dyadic | 1 | .48 ** | |||||
| SDI-2 eyedwa | 1 |
Inothi. I-CIUS: Izinga Lokusebenzisa i-Inthanethi eliqhutshwayo; I-CMQ: Uhlu lwemibuzo lwe-cybersex Motives; I-SDI-2: I-Isifiso Sobulili Inventory-2.
*p <.05. **p <.01. ***p <.001.
Ithebula 5 wethula ukuvumelana ngobulili. Kwabesifazane, bekunobudlelwano obukhulu phakathi kwamaphuzu we-CIUS nezikolo zezinjongo ze-CMQ zokukopisha (r = .51, p <.001) nezinhloso zenhlalo ze-CMQ (r = .49, p <.001), nakwizinga elincane phakathi kwesikolo se-CIUS nezinga lezinhloso zokuthuthukisa i-CMQ (r = .34, p <.001). Ngokuphawulekile, akukho ukuxhumana okuphawulekayo ngokwezibalo okutholakele phakathi kwesilinganiso se-CIUS kanye nesifiso sezocansi esixhaswayo.
|
Ithebula 5. Ukuhlangana phakathi kwe-CIUS, CMQ, ne-SDI-2 izikolo kwabesilisa nabesifazane
| Amadoda / abesifazane | I-CIUS | Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-CMQ | I-CMQ yezenhlalo | Ukwenza i-CMQ | SDI-2 | I-SDI-2 dyadic | SDI-2 eyedwa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-CIUS | .26 *** | .25 *** | .54 *** | .30 *** | .25 *** | .28 *** | |
| Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-CMQ | .34 *** | .08 | .47 *** | .44 *** | .29 *** | .49 *** | |
| I-CMQ yezenhlalo | .49 *** | .50 *** | .41 *** | .05 | .09 | -.03 | |
| Ukwenza i-CMQ | .51 *** | .65 *** | .74 *** | .15 | .09 | .18 ** | |
| SDI-2 | .09 | .55 *** | .29 *** | .30 *** | .91 *** | .76 *** | |
| I-SDI-2 dyadic | .09 | .48 *** | .27 ** | .29 *** | .91 *** | .42 *** | |
| SDI-2 eyedwa | .07 | .48 *** | .23 *** | .21 *** | .76 *** | .44 *** |
Inothi. Ingxenye engezansi ye-diagonal ibhekisela ekuhlobeni kwabesilisa nengxenye ephezulu yabesifazane. I-CIUS: Izinga Lokusebenzisa i-Inthanethi eliqhutshwayo; I-CMQ: Uhlu lwemibuzo lwe-cybersex Motives; I-SDI-2: I-Isifiso Sobulili Inventory-2.
**p <0.01. ***p <.001.
Kwabesilisa, sabona ubudlelwano obalulekile phakathi kwesikolo se-CIUS ne-CMQ ukukopisha izinhloso isikolo (r = .54, p <.001), futhi futhi, yize kunjalo kancane, phakathi kwamaphuzu we-CIUS nezikolo zezinye izinzuzo zesisusa se-CMQ. Ngokuphikisana nabesifazane, sithole ukuhlangana phakathi kwezikolo ze-CIUS zamadoda futhi zombili zodwa (r = .28, p I-r = .25, p <.001).
Ekugcineni, senze i-SEM ukuphenya ubudlelwano phakathi kokuhlukahluka okulinganisiwe (i-CIUS, CMQ, ne-SDI-2) kanye nokuvumelana kwabo (Umdwebo 1). Amanani wokulinganisa amukelekile (χ2/df = 3.01, CFI = 0.80, ne-RMSEA = 0.08). Siqhubeke ngendlela efanayo kwabesilisa nabesifazane ngokwehlukana (bona Amanani 2 futhi 3). Inani le-CFI lamadoda lalingaphansi (0.74). Umdwebo 1 ikhombisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwezikolo ze-CIUS nezizathu zokukopisha ze-CMQ nezinhloso zezenhlalo ze-CMQ. Siphinde siveze ukubaluleka kwezixhumanisi phakathi kwezisusa zokuthuthukisa ze-CMQ kanye nesifiso sobulili se-SDI-2. Kwabesilisa, Umdwebo 2 ikhombisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwezisusa zokukopisha ze-CMQ ne-CIUS, nezixhumanisi zesifiso sobulili se-SDI-2. Umdwebo 3 kwabesifazane baqokomisa ukuhlangana kwe-CMQ kwezenhlalo nezisusa zokubhekana ne-CIUS.
Umfanekiso we-1. Ubudlelwano phakathi kokusetshenziswa okuyimpoqo kwe-cybersex (Scellive Internet Use Scale amaphuzu), izinhloso ze-cybersex (izixhaso zeCybersex Motives Questionnaire), kanye nesifiso sobulili (okuyi-Desire Inventory-2 subscales) sosampula sonke isampula (abesilisa nabesifazane). *p <.05. **p <.01. ***p <.001. χ2 = 2,295.60, df = 764, χ2/df = 3.01, p <.001, CFI = 0.80, ne-RMSEA = 0.08 [0.08-0.09]. Ukuze ifundeke, kwethulwa okuguquguqukayo kwamuva kuphela
Umfanekiso we-2. Ubudlelwano phakathi kokusetshenziswa okuyimpoqo kwe-cybersex (Isilinganiselo se-Inthanethi Sokusetshenziswa Kwe-Intanethi), izinhloso ze-cybersex (iziqoqelalwazi zeCybersex Motives Questionnaire), kanye nesifiso sobulili (okuyi-subspecies ye-Sexual Desire Inventory-2) yamadoda. *p <.05. **p <.01. ***p <.001. χ2 = 1,617.37, df = 764, χ2/df = 2.12, p <.001, CFI = 0.74, ne-RMSEA = 0.09 [0.08-0.09]. Ukuze ifundeke, kwethulwa okuguquguqukayo kwamuva kuphela
Umfanekiso we-3. Ubudlelwano phakathi kokusetshenziswa okuyimpoqo kwe-cybersex (Isilinganiselo se-Inthanethi se-Use Scale), izinhloso ze-cybersex (izixhaso zeCybersex Motives Questionnaire), kanye nesifiso sobulili (Sub Desire Inventory-2 subscales) kwabesifazane. *p <.05. **p <.01. ***p <.001. χ2 = 1,650.29, df = 766, χ2/df = 2.15, p <.001, CFI = 0.80, ne-RMSEA = 0.09 [0.08-0.09]. Ukuze ifundeke, kwethulwa okuguquguqukayo kwamuva kuphela
Imiphumela yocwaningo ayizange iveze umehluko obonakalayo phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane ezikolweni ze-CIUS, kodwa bakhombisile ukuthi ababambiqhaza besifazane ikakhulu babeseqenjini elisetshenziswa kakhulu noma elisetshenziswa kakhulu. Ukuntuleka komehluko wobulili akuhambelani nomsebenzi wangaphambilini (isib. I-Kafka, i-2010). Ukuba khona kwamaqembu amancane abesifazane eqenjini elinobungozi obukhulu, nokho kuyahambisana nezinye izifundo zokuluthwa kokuziphatha (Khazaal et al., 2017), okubonisa ukuthi amamodeli abantu besifazane angaba sengozini enkulu yokuluthwa kokuziphatha.
Ngoba siqoqe abahlanganyeli ngokusebenzisa amawebhusayithi ahlobene nokuya ocansini, ucwaningo kungenzeka ukuthi lungaphansi kokukhetha okuzikhethela (Khazaal et al., 2014). Ukubandakanyeka ngokweqile kwabantu abanamazinga aphezulu wokusebenzisa i-cybersex ngeke kukhishwe. Iziphetho ze-Epidemiological ngakho-ke azikwazi ukutholwa ocwaningweni. Noma kunjalo, imiphumela iqokomisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwenqwaba yokuhlukahluka kanye nenqwaba ye-CIUS yamadoda nabesifazane kulesi sampula.
Imiphumela iveza iqhaza lokukopishwa kwe-CMQ, kubo bobabili abashadikazi, futhi ngezinga elithile izinhloso zomphakathi, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, kwi-cybersex ephoqelekile. Izinhloso zokuthuthukisa ze-CMQ zikhombise ukuhlangana okuncane nezikolo ze-CIUS, ikakhulukazi amadoda.
Izisusa zokubhekana nokubhekisela kumasu wokuphunyuka umuntu ammisa wona lapho ebhekene nezimo ezingemuva (isib, IBarrault et al., 2016; Umvukuzi, uColeman, Isikhungo, uRoss, noRosser, 2007). Bangasiza abantu ukuthi bathole impumuzo yesikhashana ngezikhathi ezibuhlungu (UColeman-Kennedy noPendley, ngo-2002; I-Leiblum, i-1997). Imiphumela yocwaningo iphakamisa ukuthi izinhloso ezinjalo zihambisana ne-cybersex ephoqelekile kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Lokhu okutholayo kuyahambisana nezinye izifundo ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (IBlevins, Banes, Stephens, Walker, neRoffman, 2016; IGrazioli et al., 2018) nokunye ukulutha kokuziphatha (UBrand et al., 2014; UClarke et al., 2007; Khazaal et al., 2018), kanye nezifundo ezibonisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kokuthinteka okungalungile nokufaka amandla ku-cybersex ephoqelekile (UWry et al., 2018). Kulolu cwaningo, izinhloso zokukopisha i-CMQ nazo zibe nethonya elinamandla ku-CIUS kuwo womabili la majaha. Ezingeni lomtholampilo, le miphumela iphakamisa ukubaluleka kokungenelela okugxila kumthethonqubo ongokomzwelo wokusiza abantu abane-cybersex ephoqelekile. Izifundo ezengeziwe zingasizakala ngokubandakanya amakhono okubhekana nokubekezelela okulindelekile njengabalamuleli phakathi kokusetshenziswa okuyimpoqo kwe-cybersex nezinhloso zokubekezelela (UBrand et al., 2014; ILaier, Wegmann, neBrand, 2018).
Njengakwezinye izifundo zokulutha kokuziphatha (UMüller et al., 2017) kanye ne-cybersex yomlutha (I-Weinstein, iZolek, iBabkin, iCohen, neLejoyeux, 2015), ucwaningo lukhombise umehluko obalulekile wobulili. Ngokucacile, izinhloso zomphakathi zazihlotshaniswa ngokuqinile nezikolo ze-CIUS zabesifazane kunakwabesilisa. Lokhu kuyahambisana nezinye izifundo ezibonisa ukubandakanyeka okuphezulu kwabesifazane ezinkundleni zokuxhumana (UDufour et al., 2016). Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifiso sobulili asitholakalanga ukuthi sihlotshaniswe nezimpawu ze-CIUS kwabesifazane, kanti inhlangano, yize incane, yatholwa abesilisa.
Yize ubudlelwane obuqine phakathi kwe-CIUS amaphuzu nokunye kuhluka buboniswe kubo bobabili abesilisa nabesilisa ngezizathu zokukopisha i-CMQ, ubudlelwane obuncane babonwa ngesifiso sobulili phakathi kwabesilisa nezinhloso zezenhlalo phakathi kwabesifazane. Lokhu okutholakele kungenzeka kungenxa yokungafani phakathi kwabesifazane nabesilisa ngesifiso sobulili (ICarvalho neNobre, 2011). Ukutholwa kokuthi isifiso sobulili bekuyimbangela kuphela yokusebenzisa okuphoqelela kwabesilisa kwabesilisa kwe-cybersex kungaxhunyaniswa ngokuhluka kobulili ngendlela ubudlelwane nobungokwenhlalo bezothando bokwenza isifiso sobulili (ICarvalho neNobre, 2011).
Ngaphezu komehluko onjalo wobulili, imiphumela yethu iphakamisa ukuthi isifiso sobulili sidlala indima encane kuphela (emadodeni), noma futhi ayikho indima (kwabesifazane) ekusetshenzisweni okuphoqelekile kwe-cybersex. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imali encishisiwe yokwenyusa i-CMQ ibukeka sengathi ayifakwanga amaphuzu ku-CIUS. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi umlutha we-cybersex awuqhutshwa ngocansi noma ngezinga elincane kuphela emadodeni. Lokhu kutholwa kuhambisana nezinye izifundo ezibonisa ukuthi ukuthanda amavidiyo abeka obala ezocansi (IVoon et al., 2014) kanye nemisebenzi yezocansi (okungukuthi, inombolo yabantu oxhumana nabo ngocansi, ukwaneliseka oxhumana nabo ngokocansi, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-cybersex esebenzisanayo) akuhlotshaniswa nocansi lwe-inthanethi oluyimpoqo (U-Laier et al., 2014; I-Laier, i-Pekal, ne-Brand, i-2015). Njengoba kuphakanyisiwe kolunye ucwaningo ngokuziphatha okuluthayo, ubukhulu "bokuthanda" (i-hedonic drive) kubonakala kudlala indima encane kunobukhulu "bokufuna" (ukukhuthazeka) kanye nobukhulu "bokufunda" (izinhlangano zokubikezela kanye nokuqonda, isib. Ukufunda ngemizwa engemihle ukukhululeka lapho usebenzisa i-inthanethi yocansi; IBerridge, iRobinson, ne-Aldridge, ngo-2009; URobinson neBerridge, ngo-2008).
Ekuboneni kokuqala, iqhaza elincane lesifiso sobulili kanye nezisusa zokuthuthuka ocansini lwe-inthanethi olucindezelayo lubonakala luphikisana. Kubonakala sengathi isimo sobulili sokwanelisa akuyona idrayivu enkulu yokuziphatha. Lokhu okubonwayo kungachazwa ukuthi i-CIUS ayisona isilinganiso sezenzo zocansi noma sokusetshenziswa kocansi lwe-inthanethi, kepha ukuhlolwa kokusetshenziswa kocansi olucindezelayo nge-inthanethi. Okutholakele kuyahambisana nenqubo ehlobene nokugcinwa kokuziphatha okuluthayo. Kuthunyelwe ukuthi ukuluthwa kugcinwa ngokusuka ekuzithokoziseni (okungukuthi, ukufuna imivuzo eqondile yezocansi) kuya enxephezelweni (okungukuthi, ukufuna ukuphunyuka emimoyeni emibi; Intsha & Brand, 2017). Ukuqhubeka nokuphenya lo mbuzo, izifundo zesikhathi esizayo kufanele zifake phakathi ukuhlolwa kokusetshenziswa kwe-cybersex, indlela yokuziphatha ocansini, ne-cybersex ephoqelekile, kanye nesimo semivuzo etholwe ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa i-cybersex. Ukuhlolwa kwesikhashana kwemvelo kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola le mibuzo (UBenarous et al., 2016; UFerreri, uBourla, uMouchabac, noKarila, 2018; UJones, uTiplady, uHouben, uNederkoorn, nensimu, 2018).
Lo msebenzi unemikhawulo eminingana, ikakhulukazi ehlobene nokwakheka okuhlukanisiwe, ukusetshenziswa kwemibuzo yokuzihlola, ukukhetha okuzikhethela, nosayizi wesampula olula. Imiphumela kufanele iqinisekiswe yizifundo ezizayo, mhlawumbe ngokuya ngemiphumela yamanje, kufaka phakathi ukuhlaziywa kwamandla nokuhlela usayizi wesampula kanye nokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe kokusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi ngocansi (isb., I-porn, ukuphola, i-webcam, nengxoxo) noma ukugxila emsebenzini othile. I-CIUS eguqulelwe i-cybersex kulolu cwaningo ikhombise ukungaguquguquki kwangaphakathi okuhle (i-Cronbach's α = .93). Kuyisilinganiso sobulili obucindezelayo, kepha hhayi ukuhlolwa kokuzisebenzisa kwe-inthanethi, futhi imisebenzi ethile yezocansi ayibikwanga. Izifundo ezengeziwe kufanele zifake incazelo yaleyo misebenzi, imivuzo ebonakalayo exhunyaniswe nokusetshenziswa kocansi lwe-inthanethi, kanye nokuhlolwa kokubandakanyeka kwezocansi okungaxhunywanga kwi-Intanethi (okungukuthi, ukuya ocansini, njll.) Nobuhlobo obungokomzwelo nomlingani.
Okunye ukuhlukahluka kwengqondo, njengokuzithemba, imizwa (Ipaki, iHong, iPaki, iHa, neYoo, 2012), impulsivity (UWry et al., 2018), isizungu (Khazaal et al., 2017; I-Yong, i-Inoue, ne-Kawakami, i-2017), okunamathiselweUFavez, Tissot, Ghisletta, Golay, noCairo Notari, 2016), kanye nama-psychiatric comorbidities (I-Starcevic neKhazaal, 2017), ingadlala indima ebalulekile ku-cybersex ephoqelelayo, ngaphezu kokweneliseka ngokomzwelo nangokobulili empilweni yangempela.
I-YK, FB-D, ne-SR baba nomthelela kumqondo wokutadisha nokwakhiwa. I-FBB, i-RC, i-SR, kanye ne-YK babe negalelo ekuhlaziyweni kwezibalo nasekuchazeni idatha. I-YK ifake isandla ekuqesheni. I-FBB, i-SR, i-FB-D, i-RC, kanye ne-YK baba negalelo ekuqulweni kombhalo wesandla.
Ukubonga
Ababhali bangathanda ukubonga uBarbara Njalo, u-ELS, we-BioMedical Editor, no-Elizabeth Yates ngokuhlela ulimi lwesiNgisi. Bangathanda nokubonga abahlanganyeli ocwaningweni.
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