Isiphetho sabacwaningi: Ukubandakanya ukucabanga ngezocansi kuyakhulisa ukukhangwa kwezifiso zocansi, kodwa kunciphisa ukukhangwa ekuhlosweni kobulili. Lolu cwaningo lunezela ezincwadini eziphathelene nokucabangela ubulili, ukukhanga, futhi linikeza impendulo ebonakalayo ekubukeni kwezingcansi, ubulili ekukhangiseni nasebudlelwaneni.
UJingjing Ma noDavid Gal (2016)
Imibono yocansi ibiquitous ezimpilweni zethu futhi umthelela wazo ebuhlotsheni bezothando uyinkimbinkimbi futhi unempikiswano. Inkambu eyodwa kanye nezifundo ezintathu zelebhu zibonisa ukuthi ukucabanga ngocansi kuveza ukukhuphuka kwezothando, okubuye kunciphise abantu ukuzibandakanya othandweni lwezothando njengoba olokugcina lufuna umzamo omkhulu.
ILANDELWE I-ABSTRACT
Umqondo wobulili ungaba umcabango odlulayo wesenzo esithile sokuya ocansini noma indaba emfushane mayelana nokuhlangana kwezocansi; kungahilela ukuqhuma kwezithombe noma indawo enengqondo; kungafaka ukukhumbula okwedlule noma okulindelwe esikhathini esizayo; kungenzeka ngezikhathi zomsebenzi wezocansi noma ngaphandle kwawo (Wilson 1978). Siphila ezweni elicetshwe ngemibono eminingi yocansi (isib, i-porn, i-TV, i-movie, ucansi kwezokukhangisa), kubalulekile ukuhlola imiphumela yokufikelwa yimicabango yocansi kubantu.
Imithombo yezindaba eminingi edumile iphakamisa ukuthi imicabango yocansi inganonga ubudlelwano babantu bezothando, njengokuthi amaphupho angeze ubumnandi futhi ashukumise ukuhlangana kwezothando futhi anikeze ukukhuthaza inkanuko empilweni ejwayelekile yobulili. Kodwa-ke, inani elandayo lemibiko yabezindaba elidumile liphakamisa ukuthi amadoda amaningi angathanda ukubuka izithombe ezingcolile bese ecabanga ngocansi olungenangqondo kunokuya ezithandweni zothando futhi ajabulele ucansi lwangempela nabalingani babo. Noma kunjalo, ucwaningo lwezemfundo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kokuqukethwe kocansi kanye nomthelela walo ebuhlotsheni bomuntu ngamunye bumkhawulo futhi ikakhulukazi buhambisana ngokwemvelo (ukubukeza, bheka iLeitenberg neHenning 1995).
Lolu cwaningo luzophenya ngomthelela oyisisekelo wemicabango yocansi ebudlelwaneni bezothando bomuntu ngamunye ngokugxila kwabesilisa abadala. Sicabanga ukuthi imicabango yocansi inganciphisa ukuheha kwabantu ngezinsuku ezingaba khona zothando futhi ibenze bahlanganyele kwezothando. Le hypothesis isuselwa ocwaningweni lwenhloso lwangaphambilini olukhombisa ukuthi ukwenziwa komgomo kungaholela ekwehlisweni kwesimo sezinto ezingahambelani noma ezingahambelani nale njongo eyenziwe yasebenza (isb., UFerguson 2007; uBrendl, uMarkman, noMessner 2003). Isibonelo, ababambiqhaza ababongelwe umgomo wezemfundo bakhiqiza ukuhlolwa okungalungile kwamagama ahlobene nomgomo wezenhlalo ongacekela phansi umgomo wezemfundo osebenzayo. UBrendl nozakwabo (uBrendl et al. 2003; uMarkman noBrendl 2000) baphakamise ukuthi "imiphumela yokwehliswa kwesimo" enjalo yenzeke lapho ukwenziwa kwenhloso enikeziwe kunikezela njengokubi lezo zinto ezingadonsela izinsiza kude nale njongo eyenziwe yasebenza. Isibonelo, lapho umgomo wokuthola ukudla ususebenze yindlala, abantu ngabanye bangalinganisa izinto ezingabalulekile, njengamathikithi e-movie. Noma amathikithi e-movie engayilimazi ngqo inhloso yokuthola ukudla, lokho akwenzayo ngokungaqondile ngokudweba izinsiza ezinqunyelwe kude nokugxilwe kukho (Shah, Friedman, and Kruglanski 2002). Ngokomongo wamanje, siphakamisa ukuthi ukucabanga ngocansi kungenza kusebenze umgomo wokuzibandakanya kwezocansi. Ukuqomisana kwezothando, noma kungaholela ocansini, kudonsa izinsiza eziningi kakhulu (isb. Isikhathi namandla) ezingahambisani ngqo nemisebenzi yezocansi. Ngakho-ke, siphakamisa ukuthi ukuzibandakanya ezinganekwaneni zocansi kuvame ukwehlisa ukukhanga ezinsukwini ezingaba khona zothando nokuthi lokhu kwehla kuqhutshwa ukwehliswa kwenhloso yokuzibandakanya kwezothando.
Ku-Experiment abesilisa abangamaShayina abangashadile abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-1,169 kuya kwengama-20 abahlala endaweni yaseChicago bamenywe nge-imeyili ukuthi bazobhalisela uhlelo oludumile lwamaShayina lokuqomisana olwaba seChicago. Lo mbukiso wokuphola unikeza abesilisa abangabodwa abesilisa nabesifazane ithuba lokuthola izinsuku zabesifazane. Ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukufunda isimemo, babelwa izimo ezimbili (iphupho nokulawula) ngokucabanga (noma cha) ngokuhlangana kocansi nosaziwayo. Ngemuva kwalokho bahlole ukuheha kwabahlanganyeli besifazane abangu-35 kulo mbukiso wokuphola. Ekugcineni, banqume ukuthi bazobhalisela uhlelo lokuphola. Imiphumela ikhombise ukuthi ukuzibandakanya emibonweni yezocansi kunciphise ukuheha kwabahlanganyeli besilisa ezinsukwini ezingaba khona zabesifazane (M = 12, SD = 3.42 vs. M = 1.55, SD = 3.84; F (1.52) = 1,101, p <.4.31) kanye nabahlanganyeli abambalwa esimweni sefantasy yezocansi empeleni ebhaliswe kumbukiso wokuphola (M = 05% vs. M = 2%, χ10 (2) = 1, p <.4.06).
Ukunqanda umphumela wokungafani, Isilingo 2 sivivinye ukuthi umthelela wenganekwane ekuhehweni uncike kokuqukethwe okuyinganekwane. Iziqu zabafundi abangaphansi kweziqu ezingama-37 babelwa ngezikhathi ezithile ezimeni ezimbili ngokuzibandakanya emcabangweni wobulili ophikisana kakhulu nobulili bese behlola ukuheha kwabesifazane abangu-3. Imiphumela ikhombise ukuthi ukuzibandakanya emcabangweni omkhulu wezocansi kunciphise ukuheha kwabahlanganyeli kwabesifazane (M = 2.27, SD = 1.29 vs. M = 3.09, SD = 1.26; F (1,35) = 6.88, p <.01).
Isilingo 3 bekufanele sihlole indlela yomthelela wezinganekwane zocansi ekuhehweni. Abesilisa abadala abangama-491 abaqashwe ngabesilisa nabesilisa abavela eMturk babelwa ezimweni ezimbili (fantasy vs. control) ngokubheka izithombe zocansi nezingezona ezocansi zosaziwayo abafanayo bese becabanga. Silinganise ukukhanga kwabo kwabesifazane aba-5 kanye nokulinganisa kwabo kwezothando ngesivumelwano sabo nesitatimende – ukuphola ukuchitha isikhathi nemali kubafana. Imiphumela ikhombise ukuthi ifantasy ikhiqize ukuheha okuphansi kakhulu ezinsukwini zabesifazane ezingaba khona (M = 3.27, SD = 1.55 vs. M = 4.12, SD = 1.52; F (1,489) = 82.55, p <.001) iphinde yakhiqiza ukwehla kwezothando ( M = 3.65, SD = 1.75 vs. M = 3.16, SD = 1.72; F (1,489) = 6.41, p <.01). Ukuhlaziywa kokulamula kukhombisile ukuthi ukwehla kwezothando kuhambisana nomphumela wamaphupho ekukhangeni.
Ekuhlolweni 4, abantu besilisa abadala abangama-426 (ama-82% abangashadile) abavela eMturk babelwa ezimweni ezimbili zokucabanga ezifana ne-Isivivinyo 1. Bese babelwa ezimweni ezimbili: ukufuna usuku kwiwebhusayithi yokuphola noma ukufuna ukuma kobusuku obubodwa endaweni yokucima ukoma. Esimweni ngasinye, babuzwa ukuthi balinganise abesifazane ababukeka bebili noma amamodeli amabili kaVictoria's Secret. Lokhu kwakha i-2 (fantasy: fantasy vs. control) x 2 (target-fit-fit: dating vs. sex) x 2 (target target: average looking women vs. Victoria's Secret models) phakathi kwezihloko. Imiphumela ikhombise ukuthi akunandaba ngabesifazane ababukeka ngokujwayelekile noma amamodeli we-VC, ifantasy yehle ukuheha lapho ababambiqhaza besilisa befuna usuku kodwa bakhuphuka lapho befuna indawo yobusuku obubodwa. Okutholakele kokuhlolwa kwe-4 kusekela umbono wokuthi izinganekwane zisebenzisa umgomo wezocansi, nokuthi ucansi nokuthandana kuvame ukusebenza njengezinjongo eziphikisanayo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuzibandakanya emibonweni yezocansi kukhulisa ukuheha kokuhlosiwe kocansi, kepha kunciphisa ukuheha kokuqondiwe kwezothando. Lolu cwaningo lunezela ezincwadini zezinganekwane zocansi, ukuheha, futhi lunikeze imiphumela ebonakalayo ekubukeni izithombe ezingcolile, ezocansi kwezokukhangisa, nakubudlelwano.
REFERENCE
- UBrendl, C Miguel, u-Arthur B Markman, noClaude Messner (2003), "Umphumela Wokulinganisa: Ukwenza Kusetshenziswe Isidingo Okutholakele Izinto Ezingahlobene," Ijenali yocwaningo lwabathengi, 29 (4), 463-73.
- UFerguson, uMelissa J (2007), "Ekuhlolweni Ngokuzenzakalelayo Kwezizwe Zokuphela," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92 (4), 596-611.
- ILeitenberg, uHarold noKris Henning (1995), "Umcabango Wocansi," Bulletin yengqondo, 117 (3), 469-96.
- UMarkman, u-Arthur B no-C Miguel Brendl (2000), "Ithonya Lezinhloso Ngokubaluleka Kokuzikhethela," I-Psychology yokufunda nokukhuthaza, I-39, i-97-128.
- UShah, uJames Y., uRon Friedman, no-Arie W. Kruglanski (2002), "Ngikhohlwa Konke okunye: Kuma-Antecedents kanye nemiphumela ye-Goal Shielding," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83 (6), 1261-80.
- UWilson, uGlenn Daniel (1978), Izimfihlo Zomcabango Wocansi, ELondon: Dent.
[i-url eqondile]:
http://acrwebsite.org/volumes/1021097/volumes/v44/NA-44
[i-url yefayela]:
http://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/v44/acr_vol44_1021097.pdf
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