Maas, Megan K., noShannamar Dewey.
SAGE Vula 8, akukho. 2 (2018): 2158244018786640.
abstract
Ukusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile sekuye kwaba yindawo evamile kusukela ekufikeni kwe-intanethi ephezulu, nokho kukhona uphenyo oluncane olubhekiswe kuphela ekusetshenzisweni kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kwabesifazane. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuphazamiseka kokubuka izithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi, okuvame ukuveza ukuphikisana nokuhlukumezeka kwabesifazane, saqhathanisa abesifazane abathandana nabo besilisa nabesifazane (n = 168) abasebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi nabesifazane abangenazo izimo zengqondo ezihlukahlukene kanye nokuziphatha okuphambili ekuthuthukiseni ngokocansi kanye nentuthuko yabesifazane. Abesifazane abasebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi babekwa ukuphakanyiswa okuphakeme kwezinganekwane zokudlwengula, inamba ephakeme yabalingani bobulili, futhi bahlanganyela ekuqapha umzimba. Kodwa-ke, kwakungekho ukuhlukana kokucabanga ngabesifazane phakathi kwabasebenzisi bezithombe ezingcolile kanye nabangabonisi. Imiphumela ihunyushwa ngombhalo wezocansi kanye nezinkomba zokuphikisa.
Amagama angukhiye izithombe zobulili ezingcolile, ukuziphatha ngokocansi, i-objectification theory, isithombe somzimba, abesifazane
I-EXCERPTS ENYE
Ngokuphambene nalokho esikucabangayo, abesifazane abasebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-Inthanethi abazange bahluke endleleni abacabanga ngayo ngabesifazane kunabesifazane ababengasebenzisi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-Inthanethi. Kodwa-ke, enkambisweni yokulungisa, izithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi zihlotshaniswa nemicabango engalungile / yendabuko ngabesifazane, okuphakamisa ukuthi imvamisa yokusetshenziswa ingase iqhube inhlangano.
Ngokuhambisana nokuthola kwethu ukugunyazwa okuphezulu kwezinganekwane zokudlwengula phakathi kwabesifazane abasebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-Intanethi uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane abangazisebenzisi, ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta-analysis kubonisa ukuthi ukuvezwa kwezinto ezibeka obala ezocansi kungadala ukunciphisa ubudlova bezocansi ocwaningweni lokuhlola nokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zocansi kuhlotshaniswa nemibono emihle ngokuhlukunyezwa kwabesifazane ocwaningweni oluhambisanayo, nokuqukethwe okunodlame olunamandla okunamandla (Allen, Emmers, & Gebhardt, 1995; Mundorf, D'Alessio, Allen, & Emmers-Sommer, 2007; Wright et al ., 2016). Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane basekolishi babika ukuthi balindele ukuhlangabezana nohlobo oluthile lodlame lwezocansi ngenxa yokuba ngabesifazane kuphela, kanti abesilisa abalindeli ukuhlangabezana nodlame lwezocansi (Maas, Shearer, Gillen, & Lefkowitz, 2015). Imiphumela yethu, ngokubambisana nalezi ezinye izifundo, iphakamisa isidingo semfundo esingasebenzisa izibonelo zezindaba zobulili ukufundisa abantu abasha ukuthi bangabagxeka kanjani abezindaba abenza ucansi olubhekiswe kwabesifazane kanye nolwazi mayelana nokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili nokudlwengula ukuze baqiniseke ungakhuli ukucindezela ubudlova ngokobulili obwenzelwe abesifazane.
Ukuthola ukuthi abahlanganyeli abasebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-Inthanethi ezithinta ukuqapha umzimba kufana nomunye umsebenzi owathola umbono wabesifazane ngemizimba yabo siqu (amehlo abo noma umlingani) ungathinteka kabi ngenxa yokusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile (Albright, 2008) . Noma kunjalo, imiphumela yethu ayihambisani nokusebenza kwangaphambili okubonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ku-intanethi kwakuhlotshaniswa nokuqapha komzimba okuningi, isimo somzimba esibi, kanye nokukhathazeka nokugwema ubudlelwane obuseduze phakathi amadoda ekolishi, kodwa hhayi abesifazane (u-Tylka, i-2015). Kodwa-ke, kulolu cwaningo, ukuziphendulela ngokwakho kwakungumxhumanisi phakathi kwenhlangano abesifazane basekolishi njengokuthi abesifazane abazibona njengezinto futhi abadla izithombe zobulili ezingcolile babamba iqhaza ekuqapheni umzimba okuningi, babambe isithombe esibi somzimba, kanye nokukhathazeka nokugwema ebudlelwaneni bezothando, kunabesifazane abangazibekeli bona phansi (iTylka, 2015). Ngomsebenzi wangaphambilini okhombisa ukuthi intsha ebuka imithombo yezindaba ecacisa ezocansi inokugunyazwa okuphezulu kwabesifazane njengezinto zocansi (UPeter & Valkenburg, 2007), kungenzeka ukuthi ukuqapha umzimba kusebenza kakhulu njenge-proxy self-objectification esifundweni sethu. Umbono wokuphikiswa uthi omunye wemiphumela yokubuka ukuphikiswa kwezocansi ezocansi ukuzazisa, okuyinqubo yokuthatha "umbono wombukeli" kuwe futhi uzibone uyinto yezocansi esikhundleni sokuzicabangela njengomuntu ohlukahlukene (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997). Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo oluhlola ukuziphikisa njengomlamuli wokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi ze-Intanethi neminye imiphumela efana nokugunyazwa kwezinganekwane zokudlwengula kungaba wusizo ekwandiseni ukuqonda kwalezi zinhlangano nemiphumela yokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi ze-Intanethi.
Isiphetho
Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile azikaze zitholakale futhi zithandwa phakathi kwabesifazane abasebasha njengoba kunjalo nanamuhla (UCarroll et al., 2008; UVanden Abeele et al., 2014). I-Intanethi yenze izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zisebenzise okujwayelekile nokujwayelekile (Cooper et al., 2000), ukuhlinzeka ngomthombo omusha wezenhlalo yezocansi ovumela ukuthi kuqhutshekwe nophenyo lwethonya lalo kuzimo eziphathelene nobulili nabesifazane. Imiphumela iphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile zabafundi basekolishi kuvamile. Ngokunikezwa kokuhlangana phakathi kokusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile nokuziphatha kocansi, izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kungenzeka zibe ngenye indlela yokuthi abesifazane abasebasha bahlole ilukuluku labo lokuya ocansini, ngokwesiko elibathumela imiyalezo exubile mayelana nokuzithuthukisa kwabo ngokocansi (IBordini & Sperb, 2013; IKlaassen & Peter, 2015; UTolman noMcClelland, 2011). Akucaci ukuthi laba besifazane bakhetha kangakanani ukusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-Intanethi, ngokungafani nokuhambisana nezifiso zabalingani babo ukuthi bazisebenzise. Kodwa-ke, uma kunikezwe udlame nokucekelwa phansi kwabesifazane ezithombeni zobulili ezingcolile ezithandwayo ze-Intanethi (iBridges et al., 2010; UKlaassen noPeter, 2015) kanye nezinhlangano eziphakathi kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-Intanethi ezisetshenziswayo kanye nokugunyazwa kwenganekwane yokudlwengulwa nokuqapha umzimba, kungenzeka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi ukufaka isandla ekuzihlukaniseni phakathi kwabesifazane. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo kufanele ubheke okuqukethwe yizithombe zobulili ezingcolile ezisetshenzisiwe, ukutolika kwabahlanganyeli ngalokho abakubukayo, kanye nohlu olubanzi lokuziphatha ngokocansi ukuqonda ngokugcwele indima yezithombe zocansi ze-Intanethi ezimpilweni zocansi zabesifazane.
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