Amazwana: Kubhalwe ku-2008, ngaphambi kokuba izifundo eziningana ziqinisekise ukuthi izinguquko zobuchopho zenzeka kwi-Intanethi / emidlalweni yokulutha leyo nguquko efanayo ebonwa ebuchosheni bezidakamizwa.
Isihleli | NgoMashi 01, 2008
Izinkinga ze-DSM-V: Umlutha we-Intanethi
Jerald J. Vimba
I-Am J Psychiatry 2008; 165: 306-307. doi: 10.1176 / appi.ajp.2007.07101556
Umlutha we-Intanethi ubonakala njengokuphazamiseka okuvamile okufanelwe ukufakwa ku-DSM-V. Ngokuxakayo, ukutholakala kwezifo kungukucindezela okungabonakali okuphoqelela okubandakanya online kanye / noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-computer okungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi (i-1, i-2) futhi kuqukethe okungenani ama-subtypes okungenani amathathu: ukudlala ngokweqile, ukuqaphela ngokobulili, kanye nemiyalezo ye-imeyili / yombhalo (i-3). Zonke izinhlobo ezihlukile zabelana ngalezi zinto ezine ezilandelayo: i-1) ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile, okuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokulahlekelwa isikhathi noma ukunganakwa kokushayela okuyisisekelo, i-2) ukuhoxa, kufaka phakathi imizwa yolaka, ukungezwani, kanye / noma ukudangala lapho ikhompyutha ukungabekezeleleki, i-3) ukubekezelela, kufaka phakathi isidingo semishini engcono yamakhompiyutha, isoftware engaphezulu, noma amahora amaningi okusebenzisa, kanye ne-4) imiphumela emibi, kufaka phakathi ukuphikisana, ukuqamba amanga, ukufinyela okungekuhle, ukuhlala yedwa komphakathi nokukhathala (i-3, i-4).
Olunye ucwaningo oluthakazelisa kakhulu ngomlutha we-Intanethi lushicilelwe eSouth Korea. Ngemuva kochungechunge lokufa okuhlobene ne-cardiopulmonary okuhlobene nenhliziyo emakhethini e-Intanethi (i-10) nokubulawa okuhlobene nomdlalo (i-5), iSouth Korea ibheka ukulutha kwe-Intanethi njengenye yezinkinga zayo ezinkulu kakhulu zezempilo yomphakathi (6). Isebenzisa idatha evela ku-7, uhulumeni waseNingizimu Korea ulinganisela ukuthi cishe izingane ze-2006 South Korea (210,000%; ubudala 2.1-6) ziyahlupheka futhi zidinga ukwelashwa (19). Cishe i-5% yalabo abadinga ukwelashwa bangadinga umuthi we-psychotropic, futhi mhlawumbe i-80% kuya ku-20% idinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela (24).
Njengoba umfundi ojwayelekile wesikole samabanga aphezulu waseSouth Korea usebenzisa cishe amahora we-23 isonto ngalinye lokudlala (i-8), esinye isigidi se-1.2 kukholakala ukuthi sisengozini yokulutha futhi sidinga ukwelulekwa okuyisisekelo. Ikakhulu, abelaphi bakhathazeka ngesibalo esikhulayo sabantu abaphuma esikoleni noma emsebenzini ukuze basebenzise isikhathi kumakhompyutha (i-5). Kusukela ngoJuni 2007, iSouth Korea isiqeqeshe abeluleki be-1,043 ekwelapheni umlutha we-Intanethi futhi yabhaliswa ngaphezulu kwezibhedlela ze-190 kanye nezikhungo zokwelapha (7). Izindlela zokuzivikela manje sezingeniswa ezikoleni (9).
I-China nayo ikhathazeke kakhulu ngalesi sifo. Engqungqutheleni yakamuva, uTao Ran, Ph.D., Umqondisi We-Adiction Medicine esibhedlela saseBeijing Military Region Central, ubike ukuthi i-13.7% yabasebenzisi base-Inthanethi abasebasha base-China bahlangabezana nenqubo yokuxilongwa yokulutha kwe-Intanethi — mayelana nentsha yezigidi ze-10. Ngenxa yalokho, kwi2007 iChina yaqala ukukhawula ukusetshenziswa komdlalo wekhompyutha; imithetho yamanje manje idikibala amahora amaningi we-3 wokusetshenziswa komdlalo nsuku zonke (10).
E-United States, ukulinganisa okunembile kokudalwa kwale nkinga kuyantuleka (i-11, 12). Ngokungafani nase-Asia, lapho kusetshenziswa amakhofi e-Intanethi njalo, emidlalweni yase-United States kanye nobulili obufinyelelekayo batholakala ekhaya. Imizamo yokulinganisa lesi simo igcwele ihlazo, ukwenqatshwa, kanye nokunciphisa (i-3). Inkinga ibuye ixazululwe yi-comorbidity. Cishe i-86% yamacala okulutha kwe-Intanethi anokunye ukutholakala kwe-DSM-IV ekhona. Kokunye ukuhlola, isiguli esivamile sasine-1.5 okunye ukuxilongwa (7). E-United States, iziguli zivame ukuba kuphela ngesimo se-comorbid. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kokuthi i-Therapist ibheke ngqo umlutha we-Intanethi, akunakwenzeka ukutholwa (3). Nokho, e-Asia, abelaphi bafundiswa ukuyihlola.
Ngaphandle kokungafani kwamasiko, izincazelo zamacala ethu ziyefana ngokufana nezabo esisebenza nabo e-Asia (8, 13-15), futhi kubonakala ngathi sibhekene nenkinga efanayo. Ngeshwa, umlutha we-Intanethi umelana nokwelashwa, ufaka izingozi ezinkulu (i-16), futhi unamazinga okubuyela emuva aphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi kwenza ukuphazamiseka kwe-comorbid kungasabeli kangako kwezokwelapha (3).
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Ikheli lokuxhumana kanye nezicelo eziphindaphindwayo kuDkt Block, 1314 Northwest Irving St., Suite 508, Portland, OR 97209; [i-imeyili ivikelwe] (i-imeyili). Isihleli samukelwe ukushicilelwa ngoNovemba 2007 (doi: 10.1176 / appi.ajp.2007.07101556).
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