J Addict Dis. 2019 Feb 23: 1-7. i-doi: 10.1080 / 10550887.2019.1574187.
I-Lang B1, Rosenberg H1.
abstract
Sivivinye imibono yabangewona abachwepheshe yezincazelo ze-etiological zokuziphatha nokulutha kwezidakamizwa kusampula lonke. Abantu abadala abangama-612 (abesilisa abangama-51%) abahlala e-United States baqashwa kusetshenziswa iMechanical Turk. Ababambiqhaza balinganisele amathuba abonakalayo wezimpawu eziyisikhombisa ezingokwengqondo nezingokwenyama zezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezinikezwe ngokungahleliwe “zokulutha” (okungukuthi, utshwala, insangu, i-heroin, ukugembula, noma izithombe zocansi). Ngokuphawuleka bambalwa ababambiqhaza abalinganise ingcindezi yezenhlalo okuyimbangela yokulutha kwezithombe zocansi (31%) kunensangu (53%), utshwala (55%), ne-heroin (64%); zimbalwa kakhulu izehlakalo zobuntwana ezihlukumezayo ezingaba imbangela yokulutha ukugembula (33%) nensangu (36%) kunezithombe zocansi (56%), i-heroin (57%), notshwala (64%); bambalwa kakhulu abalinganisa indlela umuntu akhuliswe ngayo imbangela yokulutha insangu (37%) kune-heroin (55%) notshwala (65%); futhi izakhi zofuzo ezilinganiswe kakhulu ziyimbangela yokulutha kotshwala (65%) kunezithombe zocansi (26%), insangu (33%), ukugembula (41%), ne-heroin (45%). Izilinganiso ezilinganise izimo ezicindezelayo nenkinga yomlingiswa okuyimbangela engahle zihlotshaniswe kakhulu nohlobo lokulutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ababambiqhaza balinganise isilinganiso sama-etiologies amathathu noma amane ahlukene njengezimbangela zokulutha ngakunye okuqondiwe. Imiphumela yethu iphakamisa ukuthi abantu ababekiwe babone imvelo enqunyiwe eminingi yokuphazamiseka kokulutha futhi bakala ezinye izimbangela njengokungenzeka kuncane ngokuya ngento ethile eluthayo noma isimilo.
IZIHLOKO: Ukuziphatha okuhle; i-etiology; ukubeka umphakathi; umlutha wezidakamizwa
I-PMID: 30798775
I-DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2019.1574187
KUSUKA ISINGENISO:
Sikhethe umlutha wokugembula ngoba i-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-Fifth Edition (DSM-5) siyifaka njengenkinga yokuluthwa.8 Sikhethe umlutha wobulili ezingcolile ngokususelwa ekuvumelaneni okukhulayo kokuthi ubuzwilakhe, kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi ngokweqile, bungabonakala ngokomqondo njengomlutha wokuziphatha.9
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