YBOP maikutlo: Phuputso e ncha e tlaleha mehato e mengata e mebe e amanang le ts'ebeliso e kholo ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (ts'ebeliso ea cybersex), joalo ka: neuroticism e kholo le khatello ea maikutlo, lehloeo le phahameng - bora, ho fokotsa botsoalle, mekhoa e sa sebetseng ea ho sebetsana ka katleho, jj.
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J Behav Addict. 2019 Dec 23: 1-10. doi: 10.1556 / 2006.8.2019.69.
Ithute J1, Marmet S1, Wicki M.1, Gmel G1,2,3,4.
inahaneloang
MOSEBETSI LE LINAKO:
Ts'ebeliso ea cybersex (CU) e atile haholo ho baahi ba Switzerland, haholoholo hara bahlankana. CU e kanna ea ba le litlamorao tse mpe haeba e ka tsoa taolong. Phuputso ena e hakantsoe ho ata ha CU, maqhubu a CU (FCU), le bothata ba CU (PCU) le li-correlates tsa tsona.
LITLHAHISO:
Mohlala o sa khethang oa bahlankana ba Switzerland (N = 5,332, ho bolela lilemo = 25.45) o phethile lenane la lipotso le lekolang FCU le PCU, sociodemographics (lilemo, sebaka sa puo, le thuto), thobalano (ho ba kamanong, palo ea balekane ba thobalano, le boits'oaro ba thobalano), ho sebetsana ka mokhoa o sa sebetseng (ho hana, boithati -Khethollo, boits'oaro bo hlephileng, le ho ipeha molato), le litšoaneleho tsa botho (mabifi / lehloeo, botsoalle, matšoenyeho / ts'oaetso le ho batla maikutlo). Mekhatlo e ile ea lekoa ho sebelisoa mefuta e thata ea khatello ea maikutlo.
LIKOTSO:
Bonyane CU ea khoeli le khoeli e tlalehiloe ke 78.6% ea bankakarolo. CU e ne e amana le ho kena sekolo kamora sekolo (sekolong sa mathomo), ho bua Sejeremane (ho bua Sefora), bosodoma, ho ratana le batho ba bong bo le bong (ho tloha ho e 'ngoe), ho qobelloa ho sebetsana le thobalano ( ntle le ho hana), le litšobotsi tsohle tsa botho ntle le ho ba botsoalle, empa hampe ka ho ba kamanong (vs. eseng), lilemo, le botsoalle. FCU e ne e amana le ho ratana ha batho ba bong bo tšoanang, bisexuality, ha ho na motho ea fetang thobalano le motho a le mong, ho sebetsana ka mokhoa o tenang (ntle le ho hana), le litšobotsi tsohle tsa motho ntle le ho ba botsoalle, empa hampe ka lebaka la lilemo, ho ba kamanong le botsoalle. PCU e ne e amahanngoa le bisexuality, balekane ba bane kapa ho feta ba thobalano, ho se sebetse hantle, le litšobotsi tsohle ntle le ho ba botsoalle, empa ho le joalo ka ho bua Sejeremane le ho ba le botsoalle.
TLHOKOMELISO LE LITLHAKISO:
CU e lokela ho bonoa ho ipapisitsoe le mekhatlo ea eona e amanang le maemo a bophelo, tsa thobalano le a kelello. Basebetsi ba tsa bophelo bo botle ba lokela ho nahana ka lintlha tsena ho fetola mehato ea bona ho latela litlhoko tsa bakuli.
LITLHAKU TSE KHOLO: Boithuto ba Cohort mabapi le Lithethefatsi-Sebelisa Lintho Tse Kotsi; sebetsana; cybersex; botho; thobalano; socialodemographics
PMID: 31868514
Selelekela
Ts'ebeliso ea cybersex (CU) e bua ka ts'ebeliso ea marang-rang ho etsa lintho tse khotsofatsang thobalano, ho kenyeletsa le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa kapa ho romellana melaetsa ea thobalano (Likhopo, Delmonico, & Griffin, 2007; Cooper, Delmonico, Griffin-Shelley, & Mathy, 2004; Cooper & Griffin-Shelley, 2002). Le ha CU e sa sebetse bakeng sa basebelisi ba bangata, ho fumaneha, ho se tsejoe, le ho ba bonolo ha litšoantšo tsa bootsoa tsa inthanete ho ka lebisa ho CU e nang le mathata le litlamorao tse kotsi ho batho ba bang (Allen, Kannis-Dymand, & Katsikitis, 2017; Cooper, 1998; Cooper, Scherer, Boies, & Gordon, 1999). Phuputso ena e etselitse ho hakanya ho ata ha CU, khafetsa CU (FCU), le PCU har'a banna ba bacha ba Switzerland, le likamano tsa bona ka litaba tse fapaneng tsa sechaba, tsa thobalano le tsa kelello.
Sekhahla sa CULE se fapana haholo pakeng tsa lithuto ho tloha ho 33% ho isa ho 75% (bona Wéry le Billieux, 2017 bakeng sa tlhahlobo). Leha ho le joalo, boholo ba lithuto tse kenyelelitsoeng tlhahlobisong eo li sebelisitse disampole tse nyane kapa tse sa emeng. Leha sehlopha se seholo sa lipatlisiso se fana ka maikutlo a kamano e ntle lipakeng tsa CU le litlamorao tse mpe, leha ho le joalo ha ho na tumellano mabapi le mohopolo le tlhahlobo ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea cybersex kapa ho qobelloa (Grubbs, Stauner, Exline, Pargament, & Lindberg, 2015; Wéry le Billieux, 2017). Mekhoa e fapaneng ea thuto e lebisitse mehopolong e fapaneng le polelong e fapaneng, mohlala, ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate inthaneteng, ho lemalla litšoantšo tsa bootsoa inthaneteng, ho qobelloa ho etsa thobalano inthaneteng (OSC) le ho qobella CU (de Alarcón, la Iglesia, Casado, & Montejo, 2019; Delmonico & Miller, 2003; Selemo le selemo Fernandez le Griffiths; Wéry le Billieux, 2017). Ka har'a lingoliloeng, bothata tšebeliso hangata e sebelisoa ho fapana le mantsoe a ikhethang a kang lemalla ntho or ho qobelloa (Selemo le selemo Fernandez le Griffiths). Ho akaretsa likarolo tsohle tsa mohopolo, pampiri ena e sebelisa polelo tšebeliso ea mathata a cybersex (PCU). PCU e bua ka ts'ebeliso e fetelletseng le e sa laoleheng ea cybersex e lebisang mathateng a tebileng a sechaba, a botho le a mosebetsi, a amanang le matšoao a ts'oanang le a lithethefatsi tse ling, ke hore, takatso e phehellang kapa boiteko bo sa atleheng ba ho laola CU, menahano e phehellang le e kenelletseng e amanang le CU, CU bakeng sa taolo ea maikutlo, matšoao a ho tlohela, mamello, le litlamorao tse ling tse kotsi (Metsoana, 2000; Litholoana le al., 2007; Grov et al., 2008; Wéry le Billieux, 2017). Litefiso tsa prevalence tsa PCU li tloha ho 5.6% ho isa ho 17% (bona Wéry le Billieux, 2017 bakeng sa tlhahlobo).
Boithuto bo fetileng bo bontšitse hore CU le PCU li ne li amana le mefuta e fapaneng ea thobalano le sechaba. Litefiso li ile tsa bontšoa li phahame har'a banna ho feta basali (Döring, Daneback, Shaughnessy, Grov, & Byers, 2017; Giordano & Cashwell, 2017; Luder et al., 2011; Morgan, 2011; Wolak, Mitchell, & Finkelhor, 2007) le hara ba tlalehang litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa thuto (Træen, Nilsen, & Stigum, 2006). CU e ne e boetse e amahanngoa le lilemo. Litefiso tsa prevalence li fumanoe li nyoloha ho tloha ho lilemo tse 10 ho isa ho 17 (Wolak et al., 2007) le ho fokotseha kamora lilemo tse 18-24Daneback, Cooper, le Månsson, 2005). Ha e le tse fapaneng tse amanang le thobalano, ho ile ha fumaneha hore ho ba mosodoma kapa ho ratana ka tsela e tšoanang.Cooper, Delmonico, & Burg, 2000; Daneback et al., 2005; Giordano & Cashwell, 2017; Peter & Valkenburg, 2011), ho ba lesoha (Ballester-Arnal, Castro-Calvo, Gil-Llario, le Giménez-García, 2014; Cooper et al., 2000; Cooper, Griffin-Shelley, Delmonico, & Mathy, 2001), le ho ba le balekane ba bangata ba thobalano (Braun-Courville le Rojas, 2009; Daneback et al., 2005) kaofela li ne li amana le CU kapa PCU.
Joalo ka mathata a tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi, joalo ka ts'ebeliso e mpe ea tšebeliso ea joala le ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ea malapeng (mohlala, Cooper, Frone, Russell, & Mudar, 1995; Zvolensky et al., 2007), mabaka a CU a ka aroloa ka lihlopha tse peli tse pharalletseng tsa khothatso e ntle le e fosahetseng (bona Grubbs, Wright, Braden, Wilt, & Kraus, 2019 tlhahlobo). Ka lehlakoreng le leng, thobalano ea inthaneteng e sebelisetsoa merero ea boithabiso, joalo ka ho ikhotsofatsa ka thobalano, boithabiso le ho tsosa takatso. Grubbs, Wright, le al. (2019) e tlaleha lithuto tse 'maloa, tse bonts'ang hore litšobotsi tsa botho bo hokahaneng le litakatso tsa boithabiso, tse kang ho ts'oasa maikutlo le boithabiso, li ne li amana hantle le CU. Sena se ts'ehetsa hore ho batla maikutlo ho ka etsa hore batho ba sebelise ts'ebeliso ea cybersex molemong oa boithabiso. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, cybersex e boetse e sebelisoa hangata ho sebetsana le sepheo sa ho sebetsana le maemo a feto-fetohang (Grubbs, Wright, et al., 2019). Tumellanong le tlhahiso ena, liphuputso tse 'maloa li bonts'itse hore ha se khatello ea maikutlo feela, pherekano le ho imolla letsoalo hangata ke sepheo bakeng sa CU, empa le maemo a amanang le litšusumetso tse mpe, joalo ka matšoao a sithabetsang (mohlala, Varfi et al., 2019; Weaver et al., 2011) le khotsofalo ea bophelo bo tlase (mohlala Peter & Valkenburg, 2011), li amana hantle le CU.
Ho ipapisitse le liphuputso tsena, motho a ka lebella hore batho ba sebelisang maano a ho sebetsana ka katleho le bothata kapa litšobotsi tse amanang le tšusumetso e mpe ba tloaelane le CU le PCU. Leha ho le joalo, tlhahlobo ea Grubbs, Wright, et al. (2019) o tlalehile hore ha ho na bopaki ba mekhatlo ea litsobotsi tse tšehetsang ho sebetsana le maemo a ho sebetsana le maikutlo (mohlala, neuroticism) le CU. Leha ho le joalo, lithuto tse tharo tsa morao-rao li tlalehile mekhatlo e joalo. Wéry, Deleuze, Kanale le Billieux (2018) e fumane likamano tse ntle pakeng tsa PCU le tšohanyetso e mpe, tšobotsi e bonts'ang ea ho tloaela ho etsa lintho ka lepotlapotla ha o tobane le maikutlo a mabe. Ntle le moo, Egan le Parmar (2013) hammoho le Shimoni, Dayan, Cohen, le Weinstein (2018) e bonts'itse likamano tse ntle pakeng tsa CU le neuroticism e phahameng. Kahoo, leha mekhatlo e pakeng tsa litšobotsi tsa botho e hokahantsoeng le sepheo se lebisitsoeng ho boithabiso le CU le PCU li tšehelitsoe ke mehloli e 'maloa e fetohang, ho na le bopaki bo fokolang bo tšehetsang likamano lipakeng tsa CU le PCU le maano a ho se sebetse hantle a ho sebetsana ka katleho le litšobotsi tsa botho tse hokahaneng le boikakaso.
Boithuto bo fetileng bo bontšitse hore CU le PCU li ne li amahanngoa le lintlha tse fapaneng tsa litaba tsa sechaba, tsa thobalano le tsa kelello. Leha ho le joalo, lithuto tsena li ntse li haella ebile li na le moeli hobane boholo ba tsona li sebelisitse disampole tse bonolo tsa bonolo. Boithuto bona bo ikemiselitse ho hlola meeli ena ka ho sebelisa sampole e kholo, e seng khetho ea banna ba bacha ba Switzerland ho lekanya palo ea batho ba atisang ho ba teng ka CU, FCU, le PCU le ho lekola likamano tsa bona ka mefuta e fapaneng ea litaba tsa sechaba, bong le maikutlo. Mabapi le mefuta-futa ea likamano tsa botona le botšehali le botona le botšehali, re fana ka maikutlo a hore boemo bo phahameng ba thuto, ho ba motho ea sa nyalanang, ea sa ratanang le batho ba bong bo fapaneng, batho ba fetang bonngoe ba tla ba le kamano e ntle le CU, FCU, le PCU, athe lilemo li tla amahanngoa hampe. Mabapi le lintho tse feto-fetohang kelellong, re lebelletse litloaelano tse ntle tsa ho sebetsana ka mokhoa o sa sebetsengng, litšobotsi tsa botho tse amanang le litakatso tsa boithabiso ba boithabiso, le kamano e mpe ea CU, FCU, le PCU
mekhoa
Tlhahisoleseling e nkiloe khosong ea karolo ea boraro ea Phuputso ea Cohort mabapi le Ts'ebeliso ea Ts'ebeliso ea Ts'ebotsi ea Ts'ebeliso ea Ts'ebeliso ea Ts'ebotsi. Switzerland, tlhahlobo ea ho tšoaneleha bakeng sa sesole, ea lehae, kapa ha ho ts'ebeletso e tlamehile ho bahlankana bohle, e fana ka monyetla o ikhethang oa ho ngolisa sampole e sa khethollo ea baahi ba naha ea banna ba lilemo li 19. Pakeng tsa Phato 2010 le Pulungoana 2011, bahlankana bohle ba itlalehang litsing tsa ho hira Lausanne (ea buang Sefora), Windisch le Mels (ba buang Sejeremane) ba ile ba memeloa ho nka karolo thutong. Kakaretso ea 7,556 e fane ka tumello ea bona e ngotsoeng. Boithuto ba C-SURF bo ne bo ikemetse ka n of'ane ho ts'ebetso ea sesole: litsi tsa ho hira li ne li sebelisetsoa ho tsebisa le ho ngolisa barupeluoa, empa ba ile ba tlatsa lipotso tsa bona ka ntle ho maemo a sesole. Tlhahisoleseling e felletseng mabapi le mekhoa ea ho ingolisa le thuto ka kakaretso li tlalehiloe pele (Gmel et al., 2015; Seithuti, Baggio, et al., 2013; Seithuti, Mohler-Kuo, et al., 2013). Kakaretso ea banna ba 5,516 (sekhahla sa karabelo sa 73.0%) ba tlatsitse lipotso tse hlahisang karolo ea boraro pakeng tsa Mmesa 2016 le Hlakubele 2018. Ka lebaka la boleng bo haellang bakeng sa bonyane menyetla e le 'ngoe, ba arabetseng ba 184 (3.3% ea ba arabelitsoeng) ha ba qheleloe ka thoko. Sampole ea ho qetela ea tlhahlobo e kentse barupeluoa ba 5,332 (96.7% ea ba arabelitsoeng). Lilemo tsa bankakarolo li ne li le lilemo li 25.45. Ho ne ho e-na le barupeluoa ba buang Sejeremane ba 3,046 (57.1%) le 2,286 (42.9%). Kakaretso ea barupeluoa ba 173 (3.2%), 2,156 (40.4%), le 3,003 (56.3%) ba tlalehileng sekolo sa mathomo, koetliso ea mosebetsi oa matsoho, le sekolo sa kamora sekolo sa sekondari e le boemo bo phahameng ba thuto, ka ho latellana (Lethathamo 1).
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Tafole 1. Litlhaloso tse hlalosang tsa sampole (N = 5,332)
| Cronbach's α | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Bo-cybersex | |||
| Ts'ebeliso ea cybersex | |||
| Bonyane khoeli le khoeli (basebelisi; N,%) | 4,190 | 78.6 | |
| Ka tlase ho khoeli le khoeli (bao e seng basebelisi; N,%) | 1,142 | 21.4 | |
| Maqhubu a khoeli le khoeli a ts'ebeliso ea cybersex hara basebelisi ba cybersexM, SD)a | 9.69 | 7.93 | |
| Tšebeliso e nang le bothata ba cybersex (PCU) har'a basebelisi | .63 | ||
| Palo ea lipolelo tsa PCU tse lumelletsoeng (M, SD) | 0.76 | 1.13 | |
| Ha ho lipolelo tsa PCU tse lumelletsoeng (N,%) | 2,397 | 57.2 | |
| Polelo e le 'ngoe kapa tse ngata tsa PCU li lumelletsoe (N,%) | 1,793 | 42.8 | |
| Lipolelo tse tharo kapa ho feta tsa PCU li lumelletsoe (N,%) | 374 | 8.9 | |
| Lintho tse sa lebelloang | |||
| Litloaelo tsa sechaba le litaba tsa thobalano | |||
| Sebaka sa puo (ho bua Sejeremane) (N,%) | 2,286 | 42.9 | |
| Age (M, SD) | 25.45 | 1.25 | |
| Boemo bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba thuto (N,%) | |||
| Sekolo sa mathomo | 173 | 3.2 | |
| Koetliso ea mosebetsi oa matsoho | 2,156 | 40.4 | |
| Sekolo sa kamora sekolo se phahameng | 3,003 | 56.3 | |
| Ho ba kamanong (N,%) | 898 | 16.8 | |
| Tloaelo ea thobalano (N,%) | |||
| Heterosexual | 4,757 | 89.2 | |
| dikamano tsa | 450 | 8.4 | |
| Ho ratana le ba bong bo tšoanang | 125 | 2.3 | |
| Palo ea balekane ba thobalano selemong se fetileng (N,%) | |||
| 0 | 701 | 13.1 | |
| 1 | 2,879 | 54.0 | |
| 2-3 | 1,049 | 19.7 | |
| 4+ | 703 | 13.2 | |
| Lintlha tsa kelello | |||
| Ho sebetsana ka mokhoa o sa sebetseng | |||
| Ho hana (M, SD) | 2.96 | 1.21 | .64 |
| Boithati (M, SD) | 4.89 | 1.50 | .43 |
| Boitšoaro bo hlephileng (M, SD) | 3.22 | 1.27 | .60 |
| Ho ipona molato (M, SD) | 4.44 | 1.71 | .78 |
| botho | |||
| Neuroticism – Matšoenyeho (M, SD) | 2.19 | 2.17 | .73 |
| Bokhabane-Lehloeo (M, SD) | 3.77 | 2.16 | .60 |
| Boiketlo (M, SD) | 4.94 | 2.24 | .65 |
| Ho batla maikutlo (M, SD) | 2.99 | 0.81 | .79 |
Hlokomela. M: bolela; SD: ho kheloha ho tloaelehileng.
aMatsatsing a ts'ebeliso.
Mehato
Barupeluoa ba ne ba nkuoa e le basebelisi ba cybersex haeba e ne e se feela basebelisi ba sporadic, hobane ts'ebeliso ea sporadic e nahanoa hore ha e na kotsi. Barupeluoa ba ile ba botsoa: "Na u kile oa etela liwebosaete tsa bootsoa bonyane hang ka khoeli likhoeling tse 12 tse fetileng." Ba arabileng ka "e" ba ne ba nkoa e le basebelisi ba cybersex mme ba botsoa ka FCU ea bona ea khoeli le khoeli ba sebelisa potso e latelang: Khoeli u etela liwebosaete tsa bootsoa hangata? ”FCU e bonts'a palo ea matsatsi a CU, ho tloha ho 1 ho isa ho 31. Bakeng sa bao e seng basebelisi, phapang ea FCU e ne e ngotsoe 0.
PCU e ile ea hlahlojoa e sebelisa tekanyo ea OSC ea Teko ea ho Kopanela Liphate tsa Marang-rang (ISST; Delmonico & Miller, 2003) e nang le lipolelo tse tšeletseng tsa 'nete kapa tsa bohata tse hlahang ho ba teng hoa matšoao a khale a bokhoba ba tahi (Mokhatlo oa Mahlale oa Amerika, 2013; Baggio et al., 2018Tšebeliso e tsoelang pele, phetoho ea maikutlo, tahlehelo ea taolo, ho tsepamisa mohopolo, ho ikhula le litlamorao. Kaha ha ho na khaolo e netefalitsoeng bakeng sa ISST, PCU ha ea ka ea nkuoa e le lefu le ikhethileng (taxon), empa e le boits'oaro bo fapaneng (ke hore, kakaretso ea lipolelo tse lumelletsoeng) ho tloha ho "e senang boikemelo”(0) ho“bothata”(6). Mefuta e 'meli ea mekhahlelo e bonts'ang karabelo ea (a) bonyane letšoao le le (b) bonyane matšoao a mararo, le tsona li entsoe molemong oa tlhaloso.
Litloaelo tsa sechaba le litaba tsa thobalano.Lintho tse amanang le litaba tsa sechaba le litaba tsa thobalano li kenyelletsa lilemo, sebaka sa lipuo (ba buang Sefora, ba buang Sejeremane), thuto e phahameng haholo (sekolo sa mathomo, koetliso ea mosebetsi oa matsoho, le sekolo sa sekolo sa morao-rao) palo ea balekane ba thobalano likhoeling tse 12 tse fetileng (0, 1, 2–3, 4 kapa ho feta moo, ho ba kamanong (ho nyaloa kapa ho lula le motho ea nyalaneng le molekane a le mong, ea hlaliloeng, ea arohaneng, kapa ea mohlolohali), le maikutlo a botona kapa botšehali (bong bo fapaneng, bisexual, kapa bosodoma).
Lintlha tsa kelello.Neuroticism - ho tšoenyeha, mabifi-lehloeo (tse amanang le ho ama hampe), boiketlo ba batho (bo amanang le merero e khahlisang thabo) litšoaneleho tsa botho li ile tsa hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa mefuta ea Sefora le Sejeremane sa sefapano sa setso, se khutsufalitsoeng sa Zuckerman-Kuhlman botho ba Potso (Aluja et al., 2006). Sebopeho se seng le se seng se lekantsoe ho sebelisoa lipolelo tse 10 tsa 'nete kapa tsa bohata,' me palo ea liphatlalatso tse emisitsoeng e tloha ho 0-10. Ho batla mokokotlo (ho amanang le merero e amanang le boithabiso) ho ile ha lekanngoa ho sebelisoa lintlha tse 8 tsa Brithane Selling Asking Scale (BSSS; Hoyle, Stephenson, Palmgreen, Lorch, & Donohew, 2002). Barupeluoa ba ile ba araba ntho e ngoe le e ngoe ka sekala sa lintlha tse 5 (ho tloha “ha e lumellane ka matla"Ho"ka matla lumela"). Lipalo tse simolohang ho tloha ho 1 ho isa ho 5 li ile tsa thathamisoa ke likarabo tse akaretsang tsa lintho tse robeli.
Ts'ebeliso ea karolo ea bankakarolo e sebelisitsoe ho sebelisa mokhoa oa ho itela, ho itšenya, boitšoaro bo bobe, le sekala sa ho ipeha molato ho tsoa lenaneong la lipotso tsa Brithani COPE (Carver, 1997; Mofuta oa Jeremane: Knoll, Rieckmann, & Schwarzer, 2005; Mofuta oa Sefora: Muller le Spitz, 2003). Sekala ka seng se na le lipolelo tse peli mabapi le kamoo batho ba sebetsanang le khatello ea maikutlo, 'me polelo e hoketsoe ho lintlha tse 4 ho tloha ho “Hangata ha ke etse sena ho hang"Ho"Hangata ke etsa sena haholo. ”Lintlha tse ngata e ne e le kakaretso ea litefiso tse peli tsa polelo ebe e tloha ho 2 ho isa ho 8.
Ho ne ho se na mefuta ea Sefora le Sejeremane bakeng sa sekala sa OSC le BSSS qalong ea thuto. Bakeng sa likala tsena, liphetolelo tsa pele tsa Senyesemane li ile tsa fetoleloa ho Sefora le Sejeremane ke sehlopha sa C-SURF. Joale, liphetolelo tsa Sefora le Sejeremane li ile tsa fetoleloa hape ke batho ba lipuo tse peli tsa sehlopha. Ho se tšoane ka liphapang pakeng tsa mefuta ea pele le liphetolelo tse fetoletsoeng ho ile ha buisanoa ho fihlela tumellano e fumanoe.
Lipalo-palo tse hlalosang li sebelisitsoe ho khetholla sampuli. Ho tšepahala ha sekala ka seng sa lintho tse ngata ho ile ha hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa Cronbach's α. FCU e bonts'a matsatsi a tloaelehileng a CU ka khoeli (bao e seng basebelisi ba ne ba ngotsoe ka 0), mme PCU e bonts'a palo ea matšoao a lumelletsoeng. FCU e ile ea hlahlojoa ho sebelisoa mefuta ea Hurdle, e neng e khethoa ho feta Poisson e tloaelehileng, negative binomial (NB), kapa mehlala ea lipalo tse nang le zero hobane mofuta o tšoanang o lumella tlhahlobo ea basebelisi ba cybersex ho fapana le bao e seng basebelisi le FCU har'a basebelisi ba cybersex. Mefuteng ea Hurdle, karolo ea binary - e khethollang lipono tse seng tsa zero le tsa zero (ke hore, basebelisi ba cybersex le bao e seng basebelisi) - e sebelisa khatello ea maikutlo, athe karolo ea palo e sebelisa palo ea zero-truncated count (Poisson kapa NB). Ho ipapisitsoe le Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), kabo ea NB e hahiloeng ka zero e bolokiloe. PCU e ile ea hlahlojoa har'a basebelisi ba cybersex feela (N = 4,190). Likabo tse fapaneng tse fapaneng tsa lipalo [ke hore, Poisson, Poisson e nang le zero-inflated (ZIP), NB, le zero-inflated NB (ZINB)] li ile tsa hlahlojoa hore na li loketse ho sebelisa BIC, 'me mefuta ea khatello ea NB e ile ea bolokoa ho sekaseka PCU. Mofuta oa 25 oa SPSS (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) o ne o sebelisetsoa ho kh'outa data le lipalo-palo tse hlalosang mme Stata 15 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA) e ne e sebelisetsoa mefuta ea Hurdle le NB.
Mefuta e 'meli e ile ea lekoa bakeng sa FCU le PCU. Model 1 e lekile mekhatlo e ikemetseng ea sebatli se seng le se seng, athe Model 2 e lekile liteko tsa mofuta o mong le o mong oa tlhaelo-leseling, e hlophisitsoeng ka nako e le 'ngoe bakeng sa likamano tse fapaneng tsa sechaba le litaba tsa thobalano, ke hore, boemo bo holimo haholo ba thuto, sebaka sa lipuo, ho ba kamanong, maikutlo a thobalano, palo tsa balekane ba thobalano, le lilemo. Mekhatlo e tlalehiloe e le litekanyetso tsa mathata (ORs), bakeng sa likarolo tsa pele tsa mehlala ea Hurdle e hlahlobang basebelisi ba cybersex le bao e seng basebelisi. Tekanyetso ea litekanyetso (IRRs) e tlalehiloe bakeng sa mehlala ea NB. Ho etsa papiso ea matla a mekhatlo, mefuta e tsoelang pele ea bolepi e ne e le z-ba mamelle (ke hore, M = 0, SD = 1).
C-SURF e amohetsoe ke Komiti ea Boitšoaro ea Sekolo sa Bongaka sa Lausanne University bakeng sa Patlisiso ea Tleliniking (nomoro ea protocol: 15/07).
Results
Hoo e ka bang 78.6% ea sampole e tlalehileng bonyane CU ea khoeli le khoeli likhoeling tse 12 tse fetileng. Basebelisi ba cybersex ba tlalehile matsatsi a 9.69 a CU ka khoeli 'me ba lumellana le kakaretso ea litlaleho tsa PCU tsa 0.76. Ho feta halofo ea basebelisi ba cybersex (57.2%) ba buelletse polelo ea zero ea PCU, athe 42.8% e buile polelo e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta; 8.9% e buelletse lipolelo tse tharo kapa ho feta (Tafole 1).
Mefuteng ea Hurdle, sekolo sa kamora sekolo sa sekondari (vs. Primary) le ho lula tikolohong e buang Sejeremane (vs. French) li ne li amana haholo le mathata a holimo a CU, empa eseng le FCU (Tafole 2). Nako ea ho ba kamanong le ho ba kamanong e ne e amahanngoa haholo le litheko tse tlase tsa CU le FCU e tlase. Ha e bapisoa le tloaelo ea ho ratana le batho ba bong bo fapaneng, maikutlo a a khahlileng le a batho ba bong bo tšoanang a ne a amahanngoa haholo le ho fapana haholo ka CU le FCU e phahameng. Ho tlaleha balekane ba fetang bonngoe ba thobalano likhoeling tse 12 tse fetileng (vs. e le 'ngoe) ho ne ho amana le mathata a phahameng a CU le FCU e phahameng. Ho fapana le hoo, ho tlaleha balekane ba thobalano ba zero ho ne ho amana haholo le FCU e phahameng empa eseng le CU. Mekhoa ea ho sebetsana le mathata a ho se sebetse hantle le litšobotsi tsohle tsa botho ntle le ho hana li ne li hokahane haholo le CU le FCU. Ka ho khetheha, ho itšilafatsa, ho se tsotelle boitšoaro, ho itšoaea molato, ho tšoenyeha, ho tšoenyeha, ho hlaseloa ka mabifi le ho batla maikutlo li ne li amahanngoa haholo le ho se tšoane ho phahameng hoa CU le FCU e phahameng. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, botsoalle bo ne bo amahanngoa le menyenyetsi e tlase ea CU le FCU e tlase. Phetoho (Mohlala oa bobeli) ha ea ka ea fetola litholoana.
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Tafole 2. Mefuta ea mathata a ho tloaelana le ts'ebeliso ea cybersex (CU) le khafetsa ts'ebeliso ea cybersex (FCU)
| Mohlala 1 (ha a feto-fetoha) | Mohlala oa bobeli (o fetotsoe) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karolo ea Logistic (CU) | Karolo e mpe ea binomial (FCU) | Karolo ea Logistic (CU) | Karolo e mpe ea binomial (FCU) | |||||
| OR | [95% CI] | IRR | [95% CI] | OR | [95% CI] | IRR | [95% CI] | |
| Litloaelo tsa sechaba le litaba tsa thobalano | ||||||||
| Sekolo se phahameng ka ho fetisisa (ref. Sekolo sa mathomo) | ||||||||
| Koetliso ea mosebetsi oa matsoho | 1.18 | [0.84-1.66] | 0.94 | [0.78-1.12] | 1.09 | [0.77-1.55] | 0.96 | [0.81-1.15] |
| Sekolo sa kamora sekolo se phahameng | 1.96 | [1.40-2.76] | 1.08 | [0.90-1.29] | 1.80 | [1.27-2.56] | 1.09 | [0.91-1.29] |
| Ho bua Sejeremane (ref. Ho bua Sefora) | 1.47 | [1.28-1.68] | 0.99 | [0.94-1.05] | 1.44 | [1.24-1.66] | 0.98 | [0.92-1.04] |
| Ho ba kamanong (Ref. Not in a relationship) | 0.50 | [0.43-0.59] | 0.75 | [0.69-0.82] | 0.66 | [0.55-0.79] | 0.83 | [0.76-0.91] |
| Tloaelo ea thobalano (ref. Bong bo fapaneng) | ||||||||
| dikamano tsa | 2.46 | [1.81-3.34] | 1.33 | [1.21-1.47] | 2.18 | [1.60-2.98] | 1.31 | [1.19-1.44] |
| Ho ratana le ba bong bo tšoanang | 2.33 | [1.33-4.08] | 1.35 | [1.12-1.61] | 1.94 | [1.10-3.44] | 1.27 | [1.06-1.51] |
| Palo ea balekane ba thobalano (ref. 1) | ||||||||
| 0 | 1.12 | [0.93-1.37] | 1.24 | [1.14-1.36] | 0.91 | [0.74-1.11] | 1.17 | [1.06-1.28] |
| 2-3 | 2.21 | [1.82-2.69] | 1.24 | [1.15-1.34] | 2.00 | [1.64-2.45] | 1.19 | [1.11-1.29] |
| 4+ | 2.24 | [1.78-2.83] | 1.43 | [1.31-1.55] | 2.02 | [1.59-2.57] | 1.36 | [1.24-1.48] |
| Agea | 0.85 | [0.80-0.91] | 0.95 | [0.93-0.98] | 0.93 | [0.87-0.99] | 0.97 | [0.94-1.00]b |
| Lintlha tsa kelello | ||||||||
| Ho sebetsana ka mokhoa o sa sebetseng | ||||||||
| Lahlaa | 1.03 | [0.97-1.11] | 1.00 | [0.97-1.03] | 1.06 | [0.99-1.13] | 1.00 | [0.98-1.03] |
| Boiketsi ba ho itšitisaa | 1.35 | [1.26-1.44] | 1.05 | [1.02-1.08] | 1.34 | [1.25-1.43] | 1.04 | [1.01-1.07] |
| Boitšoaro bo hlephilenga | 1.20 | [1.12-1.28] | 1.05 | [1.02-1.08] | 1.17 | [1.09-1.26] | 1.04 | [1.01-1.07] |
| Ho ipona molatoa | 1.33 | [1.25-1.43] | 1.09 | [1.06-1.12] | 1.30 | [1.21-1.40] | 1.08 | [1.05-1.11] |
| botho | ||||||||
| Neuroticism – Ho tšoenyehaa | 1.35 | [1.25-1.45] | 1.11 | [1.08-1.14] | 1.33 | [1.23-1.44] | 1.09 | [1.06-1.13] |
| Khatello-Lehloeoa | 1.23 | [1.15-1.31] | 1.05 | [1.02-1.09] | 1.28 | [1.19-1.37] | 1.06 | [1.03-1.09] |
| Boiketloa | 0.84 | [0.79-0.90] | 0.96 | [0.93-0.99] | 0.82 | [0.76-0.88] | 0.95 | [0.93-0.98] |
| Ho batla ho batlaa | 1.51 | [1.41-1.61] | 1.07 | [1.04-1.11] | 1.41 | [1.31-1.51] | 1.06 | [1.03-1.09] |
Hlokomela. KAPA, IRR, le 95% CI e tsamaeang ka mongolo li bohlokoa ho p <.05. KAPA: karolelano ea mathata; IRR: karo-karolelano ea sekhahla sa ketsahalo; CI: karohano ea boits'epo.
aLintho tse tsoelang pele li ne li emisoa (M = 0, SD = 1). bPele ho potoloha, moeli o kaholimo oa 95% CI ke 0.998431331648399. Model 2 e fetotsoe boemong bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba thuto, sebaka sa lipuo, ho ba kamanong, maikutlo a thobalano, hammoho le palo ea balekane ba thobalano le lilemo.
Mefuta ea NB bakeng sa PCU e bonts'itse hore ho lula sebakeng se buang Sejeremane (vs. French-speak) ho ne ho amana haholo le PCU e tlase (Tafole 3). Mokhoa o ikhethileng oa ho tloaela batho ba ratanang le balekane ba hae o ne o amahanngoa haholo le PCU e ngata, athe setsoalle sa maikutlo a bosodoma ha sea ka sa fihlela bohlokoa. Ho tlaleha balekane ba bane kapa ho feta ba thobalano likhoeling tse 12 tse fetileng (vs. e le 'ngoe) ho ne ho amahanngoa haholo le PCU e phahameng, athe ha ho mekhatlo ea bohlokoa e fumanoeng bakeng sa ho tlaleha zero le balekane ba babeli kapa ba bararo ba thobalano. Mabapi le mekhatlo ea maikutlong a kelello, litšobotsi tsohle tsa botho tse lekiloeng bakeng sa mathata ohle a ho sebetsana le tsona li ne li amana haholo le PCU ntle le tšobotsi ea botsoalle, e bonts'itseng mokhatlo o mong o mobe. Phetoho (Mohlala oa bobeli) ha ea ka ea fetola liphetho tsena.
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Tafole 3. Mefuta e fosahetseng ea boits'oaro ba binomial bakeng sa mekhatlo e sebelisang bothata ba ts'ebeliso ea mathata a cybersex (PCU)
| Mohlala 1 (ha a feto-fetoha) | Mohlala oa bobeli (o fetotsoe) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IRR | [95% CI] | IRR | [95% CI] | |
| Litloaelo tsa sechaba le litaba tsa thobalano | ||||
| Sekolo se phahameng ka ho fetisisa (ref. Sekolo sa mathomo) | ||||
| Koetliso ea mosebetsi oa matsoho | 0.99 | [0.75-1.32] | 1.06 | [0.80-1.41] |
| Sekolo sa kamora sekolo se phahameng | 1.10 | [0.83-1.45] | 1.15 | [0.87-1.53] |
| Ho bua Sejeremane (ref. Ho bua Sefora) | 0.89 | [0.81-0.97] | 0.89 | [0.81-0.98] |
| Ho ba kamanong (Ref. Not in a relationship) | 1.00 | [0.87-1.14] | 1.04 | [0.91-1.19] |
| Tloaelo ea thobalano (ref. Bong bo fapaneng) | ||||
| dikamano tsa | 1.48 | [1.28-1.71] | 1.46 | [1.26-1.68] |
| Ho ratana le ba bong bo tšoanang | 1.28 | [0.98-1.68] | 1.22 | [0.93-1.61] |
| Palo ea balekane ba thobalano (ref. 1) | ||||
| 0 | 1.14 | [0.99-1.31] | 1.14 | [0.99-1.32] |
| 2-3 | 1.07 | [0.95-1.20] | 1.05 | [0.93-1.19] |
| 4+ | 1.24 | [1.08-1.41] | 1.21 | [1.05-1.38] |
| Agea | 1.01 | [0.97-1.06] | 1.00 | [0.96-1.05] |
| Lintlha tsa kelello | ||||
| Ho sebetsana ka mokhoa o sa sebetseng | ||||
| Lahlaa | 1.17 | [1.12-1.22] | 1.18 | [1.13-1.23] |
| Boiketsi ba ho itšitisaa | 1.14 | [1.09-1.19] | 1.13 | [1.08-1.18] |
| Boitšoaro bo hlephilenga | 1.16 | [1.10-1.21] | 1.17 | [1.11-1.22] |
| Ho ipona molatoa | 1.27 | [1.21-1.33] | 1.26 | [1.21-1.32] |
| botho | ||||
| Neuroticism – Ho tšoenyehaa | 1.33 | [1.27-1.39] | 1.31 | [1.26-1.37] |
| Khatello-Lehloeoa | 1.09 | [1.04-1.14] | 1.09 | [1.05-1.15] |
| Boiketloa | 0.83 | [0.79-0.87] | 0.83 | [0.79-0.87] |
| Ho batla ho batlaa | 1.08 | [1.03-1.13] | 1.08 | [1.04-1.14] |
Hlokomela. IRR le ho tsamaellana le 95% CI ka sebete li bohlokoa ho p <.05. IRR: karo-karolelano ea sekhahla sa ketsahalo; CI: karohano ea boits'epo.
aLintho tse tsoelang pele li ne li emisoa (M = 0, SD = 1). Model 2 e hlophiselitsoe boemo bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba thuto, sebaka sa lipuo, ho ba kamanong, maikutlo a thobalano, hammoho le palo ea balekane ba thobalano le lilemo.
Puisano:
Phuputso ena e hakantse litekanyetso tsa CU, FCU, le PCU le litloaelano tsa bona le lintlha tse 'maloa har'a banna ba bacha ba Swiss. Keketseho ea likhoeli tse 12 ea bonyane CU ea khoeli le khoeli e ne e le 78.6% - e ne e le palo e phahameng ho feta ea ba hlokometsoeng lithutong tse fetileng, ho tloha ho 59.2% ho isa ho 89.9% ho banna (Albright, 2008; Cooper, Månsson, Daneback, Tikkanen, & Ross, 2003; Goodson, McCormick, & Evans, 2001; Shaughnessy, Byers, & Walsh, 2011). Tekanyo ena e phahameng, ha e bapisoa le lithuto tse ling, e ka bonts'a bobeli le lilemo tsa phello; CU e atile haholo nakong ea ha e se e le motho e moholo.Daneback et al., 2005) le ts'ebeliso ea inthanete (ka kakaretso le litšoantšo tsa bootsoa) e atile haholo lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng (Lewczuk, Wojcik, & Gola, 2019; Ofisi Fédéral de la Statistique, 2018). Sena se kanna sa bontša phapang ea moetlo. Le ha ho ata ha CU ho ne ho phahame, ba fetang halofo ea basebelisi ba cybersex ha baa ka ba amohela lipolelo tsa PCU. Tlhahiso ena e tsamaellana le tlhahiso ea Cooper et al. (1999) hore CU ha e sireletsehe ho basebelisi ba bangata. Leha ho le joalo, corollary ke hore batho ba fetang 40% ba sebelisang cybersex ba tlalehetse bonyane letšoao le le leng le amanang le PCU, ka 8.9% esita le ho tlaleha matšoao a mararo kapa ho feta.
Ho latela liphetho tsa Træen et al. (2006), thuto ena e bonts'itse hore barupeluoa ba rutehileng haholoanyane ba na le monyetla oa ho sebelisa cybersex. Tlhaloso e ngoe e ka bang teng ke hore batho ba rutehileng ho feta (ba rutehileng hanyane) ba tloaetse CU hobane ba na le boiphihlelo bo matla ba khomphutha (Stack, Wasserman, & Kern, 2004). Leha ho le joalo, ha ho bopaki ba mekhatlo efe kapa efe lipakeng tsa thuto le FCU kapa PCU e fumanoeng. Ho khahlisang ke hore ha ba bapisoa le bankakarolo ba buang Sefora, leha barupeluoa ba buang Sejeremane ba tlaleha PCU e fokolang, ba na le monyetla oa ho tlaleha CU. Tlhaloso e 'ngoe e ka bang teng ke hore CU e kanna ea amoheloa sechabeng tikolohong e buang Sejeremane ho feta sebakeng se buang Sefora. Haeba ho joalo, batho ba buang Sejeremane ba ka ba le tšekamelo ea ho senola CU ea bona, empa ba nka hore CU ea bona ha e na mathata. Ntle le moo, liphapang tsa kutloisiso ea lipotso li ka ba teng lipakeng tsa bankakarolo ba buang Sefora le Sejeremane. Ho hlokahala lipatlisiso tse ling ho pheta-pheta le ho utloisisa se fumanoeng hantle. Barupeluoa ba seng ba tsofetse (vs. Joaloka Daneback et al. (2005) e senotsoe, sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore CU e fokotseha kamora lilemo tse 18-24. Ha ho setsoalle sa bohlokoa se fumanoeng pakeng tsa lilemo le PCU. Sena se fumanoe se fapane le kamano e mpe e teng lipakeng tsa lilemo le tšebeliso ea litšoantšo tse litšila tse tsosang takatso tse boletsoeng ke Grubbs, Kraus le Perry (2019) mohlaleng oa basebelisi ba marang-rang ba US (Mdilemo = 44.8, SD = 16.7). Mohlomong, karolo e fokolang ea lilemo ea bankakarolo thutong ea hajoale e kanna ea se ke ea lekana ho ts'oara liphapang tse amanang le lilemo ho PCU.
Tumellanong le liphetho tsa lithuto tse fetileng (Ballester-Arnal et al., 2014; Ballester-Arnal, Castro Calvo, Gil-Llario, le Gil-Julia, 2017), barupeluoa kamanong ba ne ba e-na le menyetla e tlase ea CU le FCU e tlase (vs. bao ba seng kamanong). Har'a basebelisi ba cybersex, ho ba kamanong ho ne ho sa amane haholo le PCU. Phuputso ena e fana ka maikutlo a hore ba seng likamanong ba ka sebelisa cybersex ho khotsofatsa litlhoko tsa bona tsa thobalano le ho puseletso ka lebaka la ho haelloa ke ketso ea bona ea bohlola.Ballester-Arnal et al., 2014). Tlhaloso ena e tsamaellana le ho fumana hore ha ho tlalehe balekane ba thobalano (e le 'ngoe) likhoeling tse 12 tse fetileng ho ne ho amana le CU khafetsa. Leha ho le joalo, ho tlaleha hore ha ho balekane ba thobalano le ho ba sieo kamanong e kanna ea se be bothata, hobane ha ho mokhatlo oa bohlokoa o fumanoeng le PCU. Ho feta moo, joalo ka ha ho bontšitsoe pejana (Braun-Courville le Rojas, 2009; Daneback et al., 2005), Batho ka bomong ba tlalehang balekane ba bangata ba thobalano (vs. e le 'ngoe) ba ne ba le monyetla oa ho sebelisa cybersex mme ba e sebelisa khafetsa. Ba tlalehang balekane ba thobalano ba bane kapa ho feta le bona ba khothalelitse lipolelo tse fetang 20% ho feta tsa PCU. Mekhatlo ea phetoho ena e ne e le e 'ngoe ea tse kholo ka ho fetesisa tsa mefuta eohle ea liteko tse ileng tsa lekoa. Joalokaha ho hlahisitsoe ke Daneback et al. (2005), sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore ba nang le takatso e phahameng ea lintho tsohle tsa thobalano ba na le monyetla oa ho etsa cybersex le ho ba le balekane ba bangata ba thobalano bophelong ba nnete.
Mekha ea likamano tsa botona le botšehali le eona e ne e le e 'ngoe ea tse kholo tse boneng thutong ena. Litloaelo tsa batho ba ratanang le ba bong bo fapaneng kapa ba batho ba ratanang le balekane ba bona li ne li amahanngoa hantle le CU le FCU - sephetho se lumellanang le sephetho sa lithuto tse fetileng (mohlala, Daneback et al., 2005; Giordano & Cashwell, 2017; Peter & Valkenburg, 2011; Træen et al., 2006). Kaha batho ba sa ratanang le ba bong bo fapaneng ba ka ba kotsing ea ho ba kotsing ea ho khesoa sechabeng (Takács, 2006), ba kanna ba tloaela ho sebelisa cybersex hobane e fana ka menyetla e mengata ea ho fumana balekane ho feta bophelo ba 'nete (Benotsch, Kalichman, & Cage, 2002; Clemens, Atkin, & Krishnan, 2015; Lever, Grov, Royce, & Gillespie, 2008). Ho fumana sena ho ka supa ho pepeseha ho atileng ha batho ba bong bo tšoanang le ba batho ba khahloang ho ea ka mefuta e sa tloaelehang ea thobalano, joalo ka cybersex (Daneback et al., 2005) le kotsi ea bona e kholo ea ho etsa boits'oaro bo feteletseng (Bőthe et al., 2018). Tloaelo eo e seng ea bong bo fapaneng e ne e boetse e amahanngoa le ho lumellana ha lipolelo tse ling tsa PCU, empa sena e ne e le sa bohlokoa ho batho ba morui. Batho bao e seng ba bong bo fapaneng (King et al., 2008) haholo-holo ba nang le mekhoa e meraro ea ho ikatisa.Gonzales, Przedworski, le Henning-Smith, 2016; Loi, Lea, & Howard, 2017), hangata ba tloaetse ho tlaleha mathata a bophelo bo botle ba kelello, ho kenyeletsa le bokhoba, ho feta batho ba bong bo fapaneng. Ka hona, har'a batho ba nang le mekhoa e mebe e fapaneng, PCU e ka ba sesosa sa ho sebelisa cybersex ho sebetsana ka katleho le khatello ea maikutlo le maikutlo a mabe a bakoang ke ho khesoa sechabeng. Sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore boiteko ba ho theha mekhoa ea thibelo e lebisitsoeng ho batho ba nang le mekhoa e meholo ea bisexual e kanna ea ts'episa.
Liphuputso tse mabapi le mekhatlo lipakeng tsa mabaka a fapaneng a kelello le CU, FCU, le PCU li ne li tsamaellana le tlhahiso ea Grubbs, Wright, et al. (2019) hore cybersex e sebelisoa ka mabaka a mabeli a maholo: taolo ea thabo le maikutlo. Haholo-holo, likamano tse ntle tsa maikutlo lipakeng tsa ho batla maikutlo le CU, FCU, le PCU li ne li tsamaellana le sephetho sa lithuto tse fetileng (Beyens, Vandenbosch, le Eggermont, 2015; Cooper et al., 2000; Peter & Valkenburg, 2011). Sena se ts'ehetsa khopolo ea hore maikutlo a ho batla a ka etsa hore batho ba CU ba natefeloe, empa le PCU. Kaha batho ba batlang maikutlo a phahameng ba hloka maemo a phahameng a tšusumetso ho fihlela maemo a bona a monate a ho tsosa (Zuckerman, 1994), lipuisano tse fanang ka mehloli e meng ea tšusumetso, ho khothaletsa mesebetsi e khahlang, e meng ho CU e ka sebetsa hantle ho thibela PCU har'a ba batlang maikutlo a phahameng.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, maano ohle a ho sebetsana le mathata a ho hloka tšebetsong a ne a amana hantle le CU, FCU (leha e ne e se ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho latola), le PCU. Ho fumana hona ho tsamaellana le liphetho tsa Laier le Brand (2014), Ho bontša hore ho sebelisa thobalano ho sebetsana le maemo a hlobaetsang le khatello ea maikutlo ho ka bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ntlafatsong le tlhokomelong ea PCU. Phuputso ena e fetisetsa sephetho sena ho maano a mang a ho sebetsana ka katleho le mathata, joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe pejana ke Antons et al. (2019). Ntle le moo, likamano tse ntle tse pakeng tsa mabifi-lehloeo (tšobotsi e batlang e fetoha ntho e lumellanang) le tšebeliso ea methapo le khatello ea maikutlo le CU, FCU, le PCU li tsamaellana le sephetho sa lithuto tse fetileng tse bonts'ang likamano tse mpe tsa cybersex ka ho amoheloa.Beutel et al., 2017) le likamano tse ntle tsa "neuroticism"Egan & Parmar, 2013; Shimoni et al., 2018). Hobane maikutlo a mabeli a amanang le khatello ea kelello le khatello le mabifi ke karolo ea moaho o moholo, e leng maikutlo a fosahetseng (Zuckerman, 2002), liphumano tsena li bonts'a hore mekhoa ena e ka rera motho ka mong ho CU bakeng sa taolo ea maikutlo, empa hape le PCU. Lits'ebetso tse joalo ka ho fokotsa maemo a khatello ea maikutlo, ho fana ka mefuta e meng ea ho sebetsana le ts'ebeliso ea cybersex, le ho aha boitšepo ka koetliso ea boiphihlelo ba bophelo e ka ba mekhoa e sebetsang ea ho thibela PCU har'a ba sebelisang cybersex merero ea ho laola maikutlo.
Ntle le moo, likamano tse mpe tse mpe li fumanoe lipakeng tsa mekhoa ea boiketlo le CU, FCU le PCU. Se fumaneng se tsamaellana le likamano tse mpe lipakeng tsa extraversion (tšobotsi e haufi le setsoalle; bona Zuckerman, 2002) le temallo ea thobalano (e sa amaneng le marang-rang ka ho khetheha) e hlokometsoeng ke Egan le Parmar (2013). Leha ho le joalo, e fapana le mekhatlo e seng ea bohlokoa e hlokometsoeng ke Shimoni et al. (2018) le ka kamano e ntle e ntle lipakeng tsa extraversion le CU e hlokometsoeng ke Beutel et al. (2017). Patlisiso e eketsehileng e hlokahala ho utloisisa hamolemo likamano lipakeng tsa sechaba le CU le PCU.
Boithuto bona bo ne bo na le meeli e mengata. Moralo oa likarolo tse fapaneng ha oa ka oa re nolofalletsa ho fihlela likamano kapa liqeto tsa lebaka. Mohlala o entsoeng ka banna ba batona feela o etsa hore basali le lihlopha tse ling tsa lilemo li se khonehe. Litekanyo tse 'maloa li bontšitse ho ts'epahala ho itekanetseng (.60 <α <.70; Robinson, Shaver, le Wrightsman, 1991), le ho ts'epahala ha Sekala sa Boithati ba Boithati bo ne bo le tlase ka ho fetesisa. Ho feta moo, mekhatlo ea bohlokoa e bonts'ang hantle sa boholo bo bonyane ba phello (Olivier, Mots'eanong, & Bell, 2017). Kamora nako, ts'ebeliso ea mehato e itlalehang e ka hlahisa khethollo, haholoholo ha ho botsoa lipotso tse mabapi le CU. Lithuto tse ling tse sebelisang meralo ea bolelele bo bolelele, ho kenyelletsa le basali, ho nahanisisa ka nako eohle ea bophelo e ea hlokahala ho akaretsa liphetho. Ntle le moo, ho hlokahala liphuputso tse ling ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa mekhatlo ea CU le PCU ka sepheo sa bophelo bo botle ba kelello, mathata a tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi le litlatsetso tse ling tsa boitšoaro.
Nahanisisa
Phuputso ena e fana ka maikutlo a hore CU le PCU li lokela ho tsotelloa ho latela mekhatlo ea bona e nang le mefuta e fapaneng e fapaneng e koahelang maemo a sechaba, tsa thobalano le a kelello. Liphuputso li ka sebelisoa ho hlalosa lihlopha tsa batho ba kotsing ea PCU - mohlala, batho ba tlalehang maikutlo a bong bo fapaneng, eseng kamanong kapa ho tlaleha balekane ba 'maloa ba thobalano likhoeling tse 12 tse fetileng - ba ka lebisoang ho mehato ea thibelo. Litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle li khothaletsoa ho nahana ka lintlha tsena mme mohlomong li fetole kalafo ea tsona ka ho kopanya mehato e itseng e fihlelang litlhoko tsa bakuli ba bona. Mohlala, bakuli ba bonts'ang PCU, ba sebelisa mekhoa e sa sebetseng ea ho sebetsana ka katleho le ts'oaetso ea maikutlo le khatello ea maikutlo, ba ka rua molemo ho mehato e shebaneng le nts'etsopele ea maano a sebetsang a ho sebetsana le khatello ea maikutlo le tšusumetso e mpe ho feta ho sebelisa cybersex. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, bakuli ba ikemiselitseng ho batla maikutlo a phahameng ba ka rua molemo ho mehato e shebaneng le ho theha mehloli e meng ea tšusumetso ho CU.
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