Ingaba ubuchopho obuthandana bunzulu?
In Ubunzima Bantu Bakhelwe Ukuwa Ngothando Sijonge inyani ye-neurochemical elele ngasemva kweemvakalelo zethu zokuwela (nothando). Sibonile ukuba ookhokho bethu banokuba babini bebopheleli ixesha elide, okuthetha ukuba ukudityaniswa kwamabini kuyanceda ekufezekiseni iinjongo zethu. Sibonile ukuba iyafana ziphatha ukuba ukunyanzela ukunyanzela izibophelelo zethu zombini kunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokwandisa impilo.
Kweli nqaku siza kujonga ukuba sesichengeni kokubini kwesibophelelo esifihliweyo esibangela usizi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwegumbi lokulala. Ngokunjalo, utyekelo lokulandela ukugqitha. Le ngozi yavela xa izazinzulu zanikela nge-amphetamines kwiintlobo ezimbini ze-vole. Ezi ntlobo ziyafana kodwa zibonakalisa uphawu olunye. Izibophelelo ezibini, ngelixa elinye livuya ngokuziphatha. (Cinga umntu kwaye bonobo. Ingqondo yethu ye-limbic inayo "izixhobo" zokudibanisa zombini ngelixa i-bonobo ingenayo.)
Zeziphi iintlobo ezisebenzise ngakumbi amayeza kwaye zabonisa amanqanaba aphezulu obuchopho be-dopamine ("ndinayo" neurochemical)? Iintlobo ezidibeneyo ezimbini. (Nantsi enye into nqaku yakutshanje malunga nophando olubonisa indlela esilungileyo ngayo iintlobo ezidibeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala.)
Kuyabonakala ukuba, zininzi zohlobo oluthile lwedopamine receptor ebizwa ngokuba yi "D2" kwisekethe yomvuzo weengqondo zabo. Cinga nge-D2 njenge-receptor "yokulangazelela".
Ngokwahlukileyo, ii-bonders ezingezizo ezesibini zinee-receptors ezingaphezulu "ze-D1". Ii-D1s zidlala indima encinci eqondakalayo lula Iminqweno yokuvuselela ngamandla. Xa kugalelwe idopamine ngokwaneleyo, ezi zinto zifumana umyalezo we-D1 zithi, “Kulungile, ndanele leli chiza, obu tywala, okanye le mpuku iphambeneyo indifunqule. Cinga ndizakuqhubeka nosuku lwam. ” *
Ukwabelana ngesondo kunokuba yinto emnandi kwii-chimps, kodwa ukuthandana (umnqweno wokubhangqa) yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yemfuza yethu, kuthi, le nto inokubanga uhambo lweziyobisi. Amava ayaziwa ukuba aqalise iinqanawa eziliwaka, awonakalise imisebenzi yomsebenzi wezopolitiko, aze enze izibhambathiso. Ngomqondiso ofanayo, xa ubambiswano lwebhangqa luphuka, luyakhuthaza iqabane elishiyekileyo ukuba lithinte i-cleaver kwaye lidibanise i-appendage.
Masingayithatheli phantsi inkqubo yethu yokubopha. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, kunokwenzeka ukuba kukukhutshelwa kude inkqubo yamammalian endala, lowo ubopha iintsana kunye nabanakekeli. Abazali, nabo, baya kuthunjulwa xa kusinda (bhondi kunye) yabo inzala isengozini.
I-Soap operas kunye neyona nto ibonisa ukuba ayilona yodwa imingcipheko ephakanyiswayo ngenxa yolu buchule lobuchopho obunamandla. Kunjalo kunjalo likhoboka. Akunakwenzeka njengoko kubonakala ngathi, ukutshatyalaliswa kokuthandana (kunye neqabane ukuya kwinqanaba lokuhlala) kungasemva kokukhulula apho sikhankanya khona ubuchopho bethu ngokusebenzisa ukugqithisa kweengozi ezahlukeneyo. Umvuzo wethu omncinci wesiphaluka, ovelisa zonke iimvakalelo ezixakekayo xa sithandana, nguwe enye Indlela evelisa iimvakalelo zokutya bonke abasebenzisi abaninzi xa befaka iziyobisi gwenxa, utywala, iphonografi, ukugembula, imidlalo yevidiyo, njalo njalo.
Kucacile ukuba, le isiphaluka esichukumisayo kakhulu yashintsha ukusiqhubela phambili naluphi na ukukhuseleka kunye usenze sizenzele izithandwa-Ncinci ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo ukuba luthandane nabantwana bethu. Akuzange iguquke ekukhuthazeni umlutha kwezinye izinto kunye nezinto. Abantu kuphela bahlala bexhatshaza le ndlela kunye nezikhundla ezinobuncwane.
Kufana nokungathi sibophele i-bonders sinomnye "umngxunya omncinci" kwiingqondo zethu esebeza,Ndizalise."Ivele kwimeko apho ukhetho lwethu oluphambili lokuyizalisa yayiliqabane elithandanayo lezesondo (elalilandelwa" kukuphumla "njengesiqhelo esihleliweyo). Yokwenziwa ababambelayo babengekhoyo. Okulusizi kukuba, lo "mngxunya" awunakuze ugcwaliswe kukungaziphathi kakuhle okwenziwa namhlanje. Ukuvuselela kakhulu i dysregates le nxalenye yengqondo. Yenza ukuba i-neurochemical lows ilandeleke xa i-brain-stimulated brains ithola. I-lows, kwakhona, inokuqhuba iinqwenela ezigqithiseleyo kwiyeza. apha! Ngaphambi kokuba sazi, sabelana ngebali lethu kwiqela elinamanyathelo ali-12.
Olu phawu lubuthathaka lweengqondo zethu lunokuya kude luchaze ukuba kutheni, njengoluntu, sihlala sifuna ukulungiswa okulandelayo. Kaninzi u bugcisa. Kaninzi ukuvuselela. Ngapha koko, asisweli kukhuthazeka; siphelelwe libhalansi.
Ingxaki yethu ibuyisela kwiNgxenye 1 yale nqaku, echaze ukuba ukuziphatha okubambisanayo kukuncinciza uxinzelelo ngexesha elifanayo bomeleza izibophelelo. Zibonakala zisebenza ngenxa yokuba zivelisa amanqanaba athuthuzelayo oktotocin kwiimvume zokufumana. I-Oxytocin iboniswe ukunciphisa izifiso iswekile kwaye iziyobisi, kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu zokurhoxa. Ngaba olu ncedo lunokucacisa ukuba kutheni abathandi beqaphela isimilo sokuzibophelela semihla ngemihla banokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwesini (iminqweno) kunye nokuthintela ukuhlala phakathi kwabo ngendlela yokuqhubela phambili ukuvuselela ngokwesondo?
Nangona abantu bangakwazi ukwenza njenge-bonobos, sinokuqulatheka ngakumbi xa sihlola iindlela zethu ezikhethiweyo zokudala ibhalansi njengabakhonkco babini.
Nokuba umntu othile ukhetha ukunqanda uninzi lomdlalo wokutshatisa ngokuhlala ungatshatanga, ubumbane ubomi, okanye wenze ipollini yeentyatyambo ezininzi ngaphandle kwezibophelelo ezizinzileyo, uhlala enamathele kwingqondo ye-bonder. Le ntambo inokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwiindawo zobomi ezingenanto yakwenza ngqo nokuthandana. Umzekelo, ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle kobudlelwane, kuncinci kakhulu ukunxibelelana kothando mihla le nabanye, kunye nokukhuthaza okuninzi kunako ukwandisa uxinzelelo ngaphandle kolwazi lwethu.
Ingqondo yomntu iguqukele ekuthandweni… ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukuba ithuba linkqonkqoza. Umjikelo wokudityaniswa kwamabini, ukwanda komtshato (ukugqithisa), ukuhlala, kunye nokudibanisa kwakhona kusebenza kwimfuza yethu, kubantu bonke, kwiiyantlukwano ezininzi zenkcubeko-nokuba idala isiphithiphithi kunye nerhafu kumthamo wokuxolela.
Ngokwazi ubuchwephesha bobuchwephesha bobuchwephesha obunomvuzo ojikelezayo kunye nefuthe kubomi bethu, sinokuzilinganisa ngokulula izibonelelo ezinxulumene (1) nokuyekelela kwinjongo zethu ezicwangcisiweyo kunye (2) nokufunda ukuzenza lula ngokusebenzisa ubuchule bendalo njengokucamngca , umthambo, i-yoga, isimilo sokuzibophelela, kunye nokulima ngononophelo amandla esondo. Mhlawumbi inkqubo yethu yokudibanisa izibini ingoyena mntu ukhuthazayo kuluntu ngeendlela ezininzi "zokomoya" ezomeleza ulingano lwangaphakathi.
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* Xa abaphandi be-vole belawula into efana ne-dopamine ekhanyisa i-D2 (craving) receptors, kodwa hayi i-D1 (satiety) receptors, ii-voles ziva ii-rhapsodies kwaye zibona iinkwenkwezi-nokuba iPyramis Vole kunye no-Thisbe Vole ababelani ngesondo kuba iikheji ezahlukileyo ngelo xesha. Ngokwahlukileyo, xa izazinzulu zithintela ukwenziwa kwee-receptors ze-D2 (ngaphandle kokuchaphazela ii-D1s), azikho ii-valentines ezitshintshisanayo, zii-gametes kuphela. Ngamafutshane, iminqweno ebangelwa yi-dopamine, ebangelwa ziinkqubo ngaphakathi kwengqondo, zibalulekile ekudibaniseni ukudibana. Ngaphandle kwezi ndlela, nkqu ne-oxytocin, i "bonding hormone", ayizukubangela ukuba ii-voles zithandane.
Uphononongo malunga nokulala phakathi kwezesondo kunye neziyobisi kwiingqondo
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