Ngaba i-intanethi ye-intanethi ibonisa iimfuno zethu zesini-okanye ziguqula?
Umlingani webhlogology "Namhlanje" u-blogger uLeon F. Seltzer usandula ukugqiba uluhlu lweebhloko ze-herculean ezili-12 kumxholo we-Intanethi kunye nomnqweno wesini sabantu (ngokusekwe ku-Ogi Ogas no-Sai Gaddam's Billion Iingcinga Ezimbi, 2011). Kwakhe candelo lokugqibela, wenza umsebenzi obalaseleyo wokuchaza ingozi ejongene nokusetyenziswa koononophelo lwe-intanethi.
Nangona kunjalo, ndiyathemba ukuba uyakuphinda ajonge u-Ogas kunye noqikelelo lukaGaddam kunye nohlalutyo ngenxa yeengozi ze-Intanethi zanamhlanje. Ngokukodwa, ndiyathemba ukuba uya kuphonononga kwakhona ukuba Billion Iingcinga Ezimbi Ngokwenyani uhambisa oko acebisa ukuba ikwenze, oko kukuthi, "inyani engafakwanga engathandabuzekiyo yeminqweno [yethu] yesini kunye neminqweno."
Kunokwenzeka ukuba Billion Iingcinga Ezimbi ihambisa into eyahluke mpela: umfanekiso ojolise ekuhambeni kwezigidi zabasebenzisi bezinto ezithandwayo zesini, uninzi lwabo oluphantsi kwempembelelo yenkqubo ye-neurobiological engakhange ithathelwe ingqalelo ngu-Ogas noGaddam. Le nkqubo unyamezelo, inkqubo yomzimba eqhelekileyo kwiibhokhwe njengoko ixakeka kumlutha-Ngokuba umsebenzisi uya kuba yincinci kwizinto ezinonophelo (unensitized) kwaye ngoko ufuna ukuvuselela okungakumbi.
Umzekelo, abanye abasebenzisi basesha ividiyo enye ngemizuzu embalwa ezimbalwa ngeveki. Ukuhlaziya iziphumo zabo kungenzeka Veza idatha enentsingiselo malunga nokuzonwabisa kwe-porn kuluntu lonke. Abanye abasebenzisi bavule iithebhu ze-10 + kwizikrini ezimbalwa kunye nomda kwividiyo emva kwevidiyo, ikakhulu kukhangelo lwento entsha kuba ii-dopamine squirts ezivela kwinto entsha zivelisa isiphumo esifana nesiyobisi kwingqondo. Ngokucacileyo, eli qela liza kuba negalelo ngokungalinganiyo kumanani ophando. Ngapha koko, njengoko siza kubona emzuzwini, ukuthanda kwabo kuhlala kurhabaxa ngokukhawuleza njengoko besenza izinto ezintsha nangayiphi na indlela abanokuyenza. Oku kuthintela ixabiso ledatha yabo xa behlalutya iminqweno yesondo esisiseko kubo bonke abasebenzisi.
Ngamanye amagama, isabelo sengonyama sokukhangela sinokuthi sivele kwinani elincinci labasebenzisi, ukanti u-Ogas noGaddam okanye abafundi babo babonakala bengakuqondi oku. Iinzame zababhali zokufikelela kwizigqibo ezifikelela kude kumxholo wolu phando kufana nokuhlalutya ukwakheka kwengqondo komthengi ngokusekwe ekubeni ulikhoboka leziyobisi ngokujoja okanye ngokudubula. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngabantu abafuna izinto ezintsha abaneengxaki ezinzulu ekusebenziseni kwabo i-porn ngokwe Baphandi baseJamani. Oku kuyahambelana nesiphakamiso sokuba utshintsho oluneengxaki zengxakini lusebenza kubomi babo.
Akukho mntu waziyo ukuba bangaphi abasebenzisi banamhlanje abaqhutywa kukunyamezelana, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba ipesenti inkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba idatha ka-Ogas kunye noGaddam, enyanisweni, ingatyhileli iipateni ezinzulu, ezinentsingiselo malunga nomnqweno wesini wabantu.
Ndiyabulela kuSeltzer ngokuqala le ncoko. Ukususela ngoko Iingcamango Ezimbi Iphumile, bendikhe ndanomngcipheko malunga nokucinga kwayo. Impendulo yam iyakwahlulwa kubini. Eli candelo lijongana nomba wokunyamezelana. Iposi elandelayo idilesi Iingcinga ezingendawo uqikelelo olusisiseko Oko kukuthi, ukuthanda ezesondo akunakuguquka.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwezinto kunye nokuziphatha kakubi kwezilwanyana
Kwincwadi yakhe kwingqondo yeplastiki, Ubungqina Obuguqula, isifo sengqondo uNorman Doidge ubonise ukuba,
Iifoto zoonografi zibonakala ngathi, xa ziqala, ziba ngumcimbi ongokwemvelo: iifoto ezicacileyo zesini ezenza izimpendulo zangokwemvelo, eziyimveliso yezigidi zeminyaka yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Kodwa ukuba loo nto yayiyinyani, iifotoli ezingenakuguquka. Izinto ezinjalo ezibangelwayo, iinxalenye zomzimba kunye nobukhulu bazo, obhenkcekisayo okhokho bethu kuya kusenza sijabule. Yilokho abahlaziyi bezentlalo abaya kuyenza ukuba sikholwe, kuba bathi bayalwa nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, i-tab, kunye noloyiko kwaye injongo yabo kukukhulula inzululwazi yokuziphatha ngokwesondo.
Kodwa ngokwenene umxholo weefografi Eguqukayo into ebonakalisa ngokugqibeleleyo inkqubela phambili yencasa efunyenweyo. … Impembelelo yeplastikhi yephonografi kubantu abadala inokuba ... inzulu, kwaye abo bayisebenzisayo abanalo uluvo lokuba ubuchopho babo buphindwe babunjwe njani yiyo.
[Ndiye] ndanyanga okanye ndaphonononga inani lamadoda onke awayenebali elifanayo. Ngamnye wayefumene incasa ngohlobo loonografi oluthi, kumgangatho omkhulu okanye omncinci, amkhathaze okanye amcaphukise, abe nefuthe eliphazamisayo kwipatheni yakhe, kwaye ekugqibeleni ichaphazele ubudlelwane bakhe kunye namandla esondo. …
Xa oonografi beqhayisa ukuba bayayityhala imvulophu ngokuzisa imixholo emitsha, enzima, abangayithethiyo kukuba kufuneka, kuba abathengi babo bakha ukunyamezelana nomxholo. (ugxininiso olongeziweyo)
Ke ngoko, indoda engathandaniyo nomntu ongathandaniyo nomntu ongathandaniyo nomntu othile inokuqala ngesitayile se-movie esingathandekiyo. Ke, njengoko ingqondo yakhe iyeka ukuphendula ezo, "uqhubela phambili" kwiividiyo zesini sedwa, isini seVanilla, isenzo sobungqingili, ukufakwa, amaqela emigulukudu, iphonografi engamanyala, iphonografi, iphonografi. Abasebenzisi be-porn ye-Gay kunye nabasebenzisi ababhinqileyo abangamanyala baxela into efanayo, ngenkqubela phambili engabaphazamisiyo. Indoda eyindoda yabelana ngala mava phantsi kwe post yangaphambili:
Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ndizalelwe ngongqingili, iingcinga zam zokuqala zazingamadoda namadoda aye avuselela, kodwa abafazi ba ndivusa kakhulu. Ndaba ngumlutha we-intanethi kwintsimi yam eselula. Ukulala ngesondo kum Gay kuyinto evamile kwaye yendalo. Nangona kunjalo ndilahlekelwe ngumdla kulo xesha. Ndandinomdla kwi-pornography eqondileyo ndaza ndafumanisa ukuba ndilahlekelwa ngumdla kwindoda yesintu kunye nokuphuhliswa ngumntwana wesini somzimba. Andizange ndikhange kuyo ngaphambi kokuba ndibuke i-pornography. Uhlobo olutsha luhamba ngokunyanisekileyo lwabadala kwiibheno zesondo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwam, ndaqalisa ukucinga ukuba ndiyakwazi ukuba ngumntu wesini, ngoko ke ndalungiselela intlanganiso kunye nomfazi osindileyo ukuvavanya oku kwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, andizange ndivuke kakhulu kwaye imeko yaziva iphosakeleyo kum. Kwaye kwahluke ngokupheleleyo kwi-pornography.
Ndagqiba kwelokuba ndiyeke ukubukela iphonografi, kwaye emva kokuba ndingabonwanga i-porno ixesha elide ndiyakonwaba ngokutsho ukuba intombi yam sele iswele. Ubulili bobulili bubuyele kwinto evamile kum. Ndingadibanisa ukuba ngexesha lokunyuka kwamanyala, ukugqithiswa koonobumba obungathandabuzekiyo akuzange kubangele kum, nangona i-pre-operative transwomen ine-penis. Kuyafana nokubuza umntu othe tye ukuba uya kulala nomntu owayephethe isini, into endiyifakayo yinto endibhenkisayo ngamanye amaxesha.
Kuyacaca ukuba olu hlobo lwenkqubela phambili enxulumene ne-porn alunanto yakwenza kakhulu nabasebenzisi abatyhila "ezona minqweno zinzulu kunye neengcinga ezingavimbelekiyo" (Ogas noGaddam's amagama). Iithagethi zihamba ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Abasebenzisi abaqhelekileyo bayayiqonda le nkqubo ngelixa isenzeka:
Iibhola ze-Porn zeeyure ze-4-6 iintsuku ezimbalwa zokugqibela. Kwinqanaba elongezelelweyo, kwacaca ngokucacileyo ukuba i-pornography yobulili obuziphathekayo ayihambelani nobulili bam. Emva kokuchitha ii-30 + iiyure kwii-5 iintsuku ezidlulileyo zibukela i-porn, ukuziphatha koononopopasho kobulili obufihlakeleyo kwaqala ukuba buhlungu! Ndaqala ukukhangela ezinye izinto ezinyanyekayo nezikrakra.
Ke kwenzeka ntoni kanye kanye? Masiqale ngokwahlula ukungafuneki kwimeko yokuhlala. Ukuhlutha (ukuhlala) kunye nomnqweno wenoveli wakhiwe kanye kwingqondo yemammalia kwaye ayisiyiyo yezifo. Awungekhe utye enye i-turkey (satiety), kodwa uziva unomdla onomdla wepie yethanga (idopamine ikhutshelwe inoveli, ukutya okunekhalori ephezulu). Inkqubo iyaziphinda ngosuku olulandelayo. Ngokucacileyo, le nkqubo yendalo inokushiya abasebenzisi be-porn babesengozini yokufumana i-eerotica yenoveli ngenxa nje yokuba irejista yobutsha ithi "ewe!"
Ukuhlukunyezwa, ngokuchaseneyo, yintlupheko evela kwi-overconsumption eqhubekayo. Ukulinganiswa, ukuguqulwa kwengqondo yomzimba (ukuncipha kwi-D2 nerve cell receptors) kubonisa ukuba umlutha usebenza. Ngokungafani nemiphumo engapheliyo yokuhlala, ukuchithwa kwemfuno kuthatha ixesha lokuguqula, ngokuyinxalenye kuba kuhlanganiswe nezinye iinkani inguqu enxulumene neziyobisi.
Intsha = i-dopamine
Kwimeko yabasebenzisi be-intanethi ye-intanethi, isibheno sokugqithiswa kwe-overconsumption kukuba ivumela umsebenzisi ukuba angaphezulu ifowuni yokubuyisela i-innate-recovery. Esikhundleni sokulinda isifiso sakhe sesondo sokubuyela ngokwemvelo, unokukrola ukuvuselela ngokwaneleyo ukuvelisa ukukhawuleza kweemveliso ze-neurochemicals (ezifana ne-dopamine kunye ne-norepinephrin). Ufezekisa ukuvusa okungeke kwenzeke, okanye kunzima.
Ngoku, ingqondo yakhe iyayiqonda zonke Iphonografi emvusayo, nokuba ungakanani umxholo, ibalulekile kuba ikhupha "yiya kuyifumana" ngamachiza e-neurochemicals. Kwakhona, yonke into ayifunayo yinoveli, izinto ezothusayo, nokuba ziyahambelana notyekelo lwesini olusisiseko. Ubuxoki kwi Iingcamango Ezimbi Ingaba lonto yi kuphela Ukuthanda kwethu okusemqoka kunokukhulula i-dopamine ngokwaneleyo kwiibongo zethu ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa koononophelo. Akukho nto ingaba kude ne nyaniso. I-Dopamine i-dopamine, nangona uyenzayo.
Ke ngoko, ukunyuka kwe-porn engaqhelekanga kunentsingiselo ikakhulu kuba luphawu olumkisayo lokulutha, hayi kuba uxelela iziyobisi ezingamanyala (okanye nabani na ongomnye) ulwazi oluluncedo malunga neminqweno yabo yesondo. Ubunzulu bokuba likhoboka lomntu, kokukhona unqwenela ngakumbi esi sibonelelo sonyango se-neurochemical, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokuba uyolo oluqhelekileyo lukhula lunganelisi kangako kwaye umnqweno unamandla ngakumbi.
Okubi nangakumbi, ukuba umsebenzisi we-porn uvuthisa into engahambelaniyo nokuzibandakanya ngokwesini kunye notyekelo olusisiseko, kodwa ikhupha ngokwaneleyo i-dopamine kunye ne-norepinephrine kwingqondo yakhe (kuba iyonwabisa okanye ikwenza uxinzelelo), ingqondo yakhe iya kuthi icingo Inkuthazo entsha ukuya kumvuzo wesekethe. Ngexesha elizayo xa edibana nayo nayiphi na into enxulumene nayo, uya kuyifumana ngokungummangaliso ivusa umdla-kwaye iingcali zanamhlanje zihlala zimqinisekisa ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumene ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga "neminqweno yakhe enzulu". Ayikho njalo.
Ewe, abanye abasebenzisi bezononografi bafumana ukulungiswa kwabo kwezinto ezintsha ngokujonga iphonografi kuhlobo lwabo olukhethiweyo (okt, uhlobo olubonisa iminqweno yabo yesondo) Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabasebenzisi be-porn banamhlanje baxela ukuba ukuthanda kwabo ezokwabelana ngesondo kuyo yonke indawo njengoko ubuchopho babo bukhula bungafuneki. Oko kwathiwa, i-dynamics yeziyobisi ezingamanyala isenokwahluka kumadoda nabasetyhini.
Inye indlela?
Abo bakwindawo yokunyuka kwamanqwanqwa bahlala boyikiswa kukufumanisa ukuba abasenakuphinda bavuthise ukuthanda kwabo kwangaphambili. Okulusizi kukuba, ukubanxunguphalisa (kubo) ukhetho lwabo olutsha lwe-porn, kokukhona kunokunyanzela ukhetho olunokubakho, ngenxa yeekhemikhali ze-neurochemicals ezikhutshwe luxinzelelo lwazo malunga noko zikubukeleyo.
Kunqabile ukuba babone ukuba ukungafuneki kwengqondo yabo kungaziguqula ngokwabo-ngaloo ndlela babuyisele i-dopamine receptors kunye nokuphendula kwabo kwizinto ababezithanda ngaphambili. Ngoba? Abalokothi bayeke ukuphulula amaphambili nokuba kwiiveki ezimbalwa, ngokuyinxenye kuba xa bezama ukuyeka i libido ingase ikhuphe Ngokuothusayo kwaye abaqondi ukuba sisiphumo sethutyana sokubuyisela ubuchopho babo ukuba bulungelelane. Igama esitalatweni lithi, "yisebenzise okanye uyilahle," kwaye kuba uninzi sele luphulukana ne-mojo yabo ngenxa yokugqithisa, bayoyika ukuyeka.
Ngamafutshane, umba walaba basebenzi awunalo inkululeko yokuphandelela iminqweno yabo enzulu, kodwa kunokuba kungabikho umdla wokungafani, owona mveliso yeenguqu ezikhuselekayo ze-neurochemical ezingeniswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngabasebenzisi ngokwabo.
Kwenzeka ngokuyinxalenye ngenxa yohlalutyo oluphezulu, oluphandle, olukhohlisayo olunobungozi, singasathethi ke ngokubakho koxinzelelo, kubasebenzisi be-porn ababanjwe kule ndawo ithambekileyo:
- Ngokungalunganga kuthetha ukuba abanakho ukulawula ukuthanda kwabo.
- Ilahlekisa ingqalelo yabo kwingcaciso yenzululwazi malunga neuroscience ye-addiction, efuna ukuba bayayiqonda imeko zabo kwaye baqhube iziphumo abafuna.
- Iyabakhuthaza ukuba bangayinaki, okanye bayamkele kwaye bayilandele, ukuthanda kwabo okunyukayo okunempilo, xa kunjalo, uninzi lwabasebenzisi banamhlanje, iimpawu zenkqubo yesifo esekwe kakuhle: isimilo sokuziphatha.
"Ukulungisa" iziyobisi
USeltzer ubhala:
Enye yezona zinto zinceda kakhulu Billion Iingcinga Ezimbi ukufezekisa kulungelelaniso lwezinto zesondo ezithintekayo ukuya kuthi ngeli nqanaba liye lakubetha (kwaye mhlawumbi uninzi lwabantu) njengento engapheliyo. Kuyacaca ukuba, ngokubanzi ukusabalalisa, kunzima kakhulu ukuwugxotha nje ngokuba "ugula" -kodwa ukuba kukho izizathu zengqondo kunye nezobomi ezichazayo ngokucacileyo.
Kuthekani ukuba ezinye zezi zinto zibizwa ngokuba 'zeziphambukayo' zibangelwa kuphela likhoboka nokunyamezelana (isidingo sokhuthazo olunamandla)? Ukuba abantu abaneleyo banamava obungqina besi sifo kunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba indlela abaziphethe ngayo "ayiguli."
Ubhubhane weziyobisi ukhe wenzeka ngaphambili kwimbali yoluntu kwaye khange bazenze iimpawu ukuba iziyobisi zithwaxwe "ziqhelekile" ngengqondo "yokungabi nasifo." Umzekelo, phakathi kwinkulungwane ye-18, iinxalenye zeLondon engaphakathi zafumana ubunzima ubhubhane bomhlaba bokuqala utywala. Ngaphakathi Icompass yePleasure UDavid Linden uxela umlingo wokunciphisa i-ether eshibhile e-Ireland kwi-1880s.
Kwimeko ye-Intanethi ye-Intanethi, ngaba kububulumko ukucinga ukuba yonke into ekufuneka siyazi kukuba ukuthanda izinto kuyinto "eqhelekileyo" okanye "iphambukile"-ukusekela impendulo yethu kwiimanani kunokuba i-physiology? Ngaba ngaba siyibuza umbuzo onyanisekileyo ukuba siyihoxisa ukuba kungenzeka ukuba ukuziphatha okubi koononophelo kungaqhutyelwa yinkxaso-mboleko yesiphaluka ekuphishekeleni i-neurochemical buzz kungakhathaliseki umxholo?
Iinjongo ezibuyayo: ubungqina bokuthi iifostile ezingathandabuzekiyo azibonakali
Eyona nto inqabileyo, abasebenzisi abayeka zonke i-intanethi ze-intanethi baze bavumele ubuchopho babo babuyele ekuveleleni kwendalo ngokuqhelekileyo bafumanisa ukuba be be nga ngendlela yesitrato enye emva koko. Iifostile zabo zihamba ngokukhawuleza ziqala ukuziphendulela-ngokumangalisayo, ngokulandelelana-zonke iindlela zokubuyela kumdla wokuqala. Umzekelo, ukulala ngokwesini kunye nabalingani babo kaninzi ivuselela (kwakhona).
Inkqubo ayilula. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya izinto ezimbi iimpawu zokuhoxiswa, izinto ezenzeka ngokukhawuleza ezicaphukisayo, kwaye amaxesha amaninzi "libido flatline." Kodwa, kuninzi, ibuyisela ngokupheleleyo iminqweno yabo yokwenyani yesondo, abangayisebenzisiyo i-porn. Enye indoda yathi:
Bendihlala ndiguquka ngayo nayiphi na into ekude njengowasetyhini xa ndandineminyaka eyi-13, kodwa oko kwatshintsha ngokuthe chu njengoko ndibukele iphonografi ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ndaqala ukuba nexhala malunga nokuziphatha kwam ngokwesini kuba ndandisazi ukuba ndithe ngqo ngokusekwe kwimbali, kodwa kwangaxeshanye andinakuphendula ngokwasemzimbeni ezindleleni ezindala. Ngamanye amaxesha xa ndandikhululekile okanye ndinxilile, ndandiphendula ngendlela endenza ngayo xa ndandisemncinci. Kwakudideka kakhulu kuba andizange ndibe neengcamango zobungqingili okanye iminqweno. Ukunika i-masturbation kwi-pornography kuye kwaqeda ngokupheleleyo ukungathandabuzeki, kuba ngoku i-libido yam isondele kakhulu. Ndiphendula ngakumbi kwabasetyhini, kwaye ndiphendule ngakumbi kwabafazi.
Uhlalutyo oluphezulu luyingozi
Iingcamango ze-Ogas kunye no-Gaddam ukuphumla ekukholweni kokuphosakela ukuba zonke izinto ezithandwayo zesondo azitshintshi kwaye nokuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-pornography inikezelwa njani kubuntwini bethu, ukuthanda kwethu kuya kuhambelana nemimiselo yethu yangasese, engatshintshiyo.
Ngenxa yokuba ukugqithisa okungapheliyo nge-intanethi yi-intanethi ukuguqula ababukeli 'bathanda ezesondo, iOgas kunye neGaddam snapshot inikezela ukuqonda okuncinci kumnqweno wabantu. Olona hlobo lusebenzayo lwedatha yabo kunokuba kukuthelekisa idatha efanayo ukusuka kwelinye ixesha, ukuze inkqubo eguqukayo yokunyuka inokulinganiswa kubemi ngokuhamba kwexesha, kunye nokubaluleka kwedatha okuqondwa ngcono.
Ukufundwa komnqweno womntu kuya kuhlala kungabalulekanga kwaye kungabalulekanga kubantu kude kubekho iingcali ezidibanisa nokufundisa uluntu indlela osebenza ngayo ingqondo, indlela esiyifunayo ngayo, kunye nendlela ukuxhatshazwa ngayo kunokuphazamisa umdlalo wesini ngenxa yokunyanzelisa / ukunyamezela.
Kwiposti yam elandelayo ndiza kuqwalasela eyona nto iphambili exhasa u-Ogas kunye nomsebenzi kaGaddam, oko kukuthi, ibango lokuba ukuthanda kwethu ngokwesondo akunakuchazeka.
UKUHLAZIYWA OKUQINISEKILEYO KUSEBENZA I-OGAS & GADDAM
- Iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa kunye nokunyuka kwamanqaku angaphezulu? Ngaphezulu kwezifundo ze-30 zokunika ingxelo ezifunyenweyo ezihambelana nokwanda kokusetyenziswa kwe-porn (ukunyamezelana), ukuhlala kwi-porn, kunye neempawu zokurhoxa (zonke iimpawu kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nomlutha).
- Ukuxilongwa ngokusemthethweni? Incwadi yokusetyenziswa kwezifo zonyango ngokubanzi, Ulwahlulo lwaMazwe ngamazwe (ICD-11), iqulethe uvavanyo olutsha ezifanele ukuxhatshazwa koonwabo: "Ukuxhatshazwa kwezesondo ngokunyanisekileyo. "(2018)
- Umlingo woTywala / wesondo? Eli phepha liluhlu Izifundo ze-39 ze-neuroscience (I-MRI, i-FMRI, i-EEG, i-neuropsychological, i-hormonal). Banikela ngenkxaso enamandla kwimodeli yoxilongo njengoko iziphumo zabo zibonakalisa iziphumo zeengqondo ezichazwe kwizifundo zokuxhatshaliswa kweziyobisi.
- Iingcamango zangempela zeengcali zoononongo / isondo? Olu luhlu luqulethe 16 Ukuphononongwa koncwadi kwangoku kunye neenkcazo ngenye yezinzulu zenzululwazi kwihlabathi. Yonke inkxaso ngenkxaso yomzobo.
- Ukuxubusha ingongoma engathethiweyo yokuthetha "inqweno yesini ephakamileyo" ichaza ukuxhatshazwa koonobumba okanye ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini: Ubuncinci izifundo ze-25 zikhohlisa ibango lokuba isini kunye neziyobisi ezingamanyala "banomnqweno ophezulu wesondo"
- Iiduna kunye neengxaki zesondo? Olu luhlu luqukethe izifundo ze-26 ezidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koonwabo / ukuxhatshazwa koononophelo kwiingxaki zesini kunye nokwenyuka kokunciphisa isisombululo sezesondo. I fIzifundo ze-5 ziluhlu lubonisa bangela, njengabathathi-nxaxheba baqhelise ukusetyenziswa koononophelo kunye nokuphulukisa izifo ezingasinikiyo zesondo.
- Imiphumo yeSigxina kwimibutho? Izifundo eziphantse ze-60 zidibanisa ukusetyenziswa koononophelo ukuya kwisini esincinci kunye nolwaneliseko lobuhlobo. (Ngokuba sifuna zonke Izifundo ezibandakanya abesilisa ziye zaxela ukusetyenziswa koononophelo olunxulumene nalo zihlwempu zesini okanye ukwaneliseka kobudlelwane.)
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