Amagqabantshintshi e-YBOP: Amanqanaba asezantsi e-dopamine receptors (D2) ayanyaniswa nengxaki yokuxhalaba ekuhlaleni. Uninzi lwabasebenzisi abanzima be-porn banamaxhala entlalontle. Abanye baxela ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwasentlalweni emva kokuzinkcinkca nge-porn. Uninzi lonxunguphalo luphucula ukulandela ukuyeka-ixesha elithile elifutshane, abanye ixesha elide. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ukukhuthaza okungaphezulu (iziyobisi) kukhokelela ekwehliseni i-dopamine D2 receptors. Qaphela: anditsho ukuba i-porn ibangela zonke iimeko ze-SAD.
IJ Psychiatry. 2000 Mar;157(3):457-9.
Schneier FR, Liebowitz MR, Abi-Dargham A, Zea-Ponce Y, Lin SH, Laruelle M. Anxcare Disways Clinic kunye neBrain Imaging Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York 10032, e-USA.
IINJONGO: Olu phononongo lufanise i-dopamine D (2) receptor yokubopha okunokwenzeka kwizigulana ezine-phobia yentlalo kunye nezifundo ezinempilo zokuthelekisa.
INDLELA: I-Dopamine D (2) ye-receptor yokubopha ifunyenwe yavavanywa kwizifundo ze-10 ezingafakwanga ene-phobia yentlalo ngokubanzi kwaye akukho xesha libalulekileyo lokuphila kwengqondo kunye ne-10 yezifundo ezinempilo zokuthelekisa ezenzelwe unyaka kunye nezesondo. Ukubopha okunokwenzeka kwakulinganiswa kwi-striatum ngokusebenzisa i-single photon emissions ekhompyuter ye-tomography kunye nokufakwa rhoqo kwe-D (2) receptor radiotracer [(123) I] iodobenzamide ([(123) I] IBZM).
IINKCUKACHA: I-mean D (2) amandla okubopha receptor ayephantsi kakhulu kwizifundo nge-phobia yentlalo kunezifundo zokuthelekisa. Kwiqela le-phobia yentlalo, kukho ukungangqinelani okungenanto yokuzibophelela okunokubakho ngamanqaku e-Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale.
IMISEBENZI: I-phobia ehlanganisiweyo ngokubanzi inokunxulunyaniswa nokubopha okuphantsi kwe ([123) I] IBZM ukuya kwi-D (2) receptors kwi-striatum.
INTRO
Inkqutyana eqhelekileyo yendawo yokuhlala, ebonakaliswa luloyiko kunye / okanye ukuthintela uninzi lweemeko zentlalo, ihlala ihleli (1), iyangeneka (2), kwaye inokwabelana ngeempawu zokuziphatha kunye nenqanaba eliphantsi lentlalo kwizilwanyana (3), kodwa ibhayoloji yenkqubo yokuzihlaziya yentlalo ayifundiswanga kancinci. Ubungqina bumanyano lwephobia yentlalo kunye nokuhanjiswa okungekho sikweni kwinkqubo ye-dopamine kubandakanya ukusebenza ngempumelelo konyango lwe-monoamine oxidase inhibitors kodwa ingezizo ii-antidepressants (4), uxinano lwe-dopamine olusebenzayo olusezantsi kwi-phobia jikelele yentlalo (5), amanqanaba asezantsi e-CSF e-homovanillic acid phakathi kwezigulo zokuphazamiseka okukhoyo ngenxa yezifo zepororbid zephobia yoluntu (6), izinga eliphezulu le-phobia yentlalo phakathi kwabaguli abanesifo sikaParkinson (7), kunye nokunyuka kweempawu zephobia yentlalo ngexesha lonyango lwe-haloperidol kwizigulana ezinesifo sikaTourette's (8).
Kolu phando sithelekise i-dopamine D2 I-receptor yokubopha inokwenzeka kwizigulana ezine-phobia jikelele yentlalo kunye nezifundo ezifanelekileyo zokuthelekisa.
INDLELA
Izifundo ezilishumi kunye ne-phobia yentlalo yaqeshwa kwintengiso kunye nokudluliselwa kwikliniki; iminyaka yabo yobudala yayiyiminyaka ye-32.5 (SD = 10.4), eli qela lalinamadoda amahlanu kunye nabafazi abahlanu. Zonke izifundo zaziphilile ngokomzimba njengokumiselwa kovavanyo olupheleleyo lwezonyango, ngaphandle kwengqondo yangoku okanye yobomi, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubonakalayo, uxinzelelo oluphambili, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo emva kokugula, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ukuxhatshazwa okanye ukuxhomekeka, i-schizotypal okanye umda wobuntu obuphantsi, okanye imbali yosapho ye-schizophrenia. Izifundo ezilishumi ezifanelekileyo zokuthelekisa, ezifaniswa nobudala kunye nezesondo kwaye ngaphandle kwengxaki yengqondo yangoku okanye eyadlulayo, zaye zaqeshwa ngentengiso. Ukuchonga kwaqinisekiswa kusetyenziswa udliwanondlebe weKlinikhi eNgcolisiweyo kwiDSM-IV Axis I Dis (9).
Zonke izifundo zazikhululekile kunyango lwe-psychotropic okungenani unyaka, kwaye isikrini samachiza senziwa ngaphambi kokuskena. Emva kwengcaciso epheleleyo yesifundo kwizifundo, imvume ebhaliweyo ebhaliweyo yafunyanwa.
Isikali seLiebowitz yeXhala loLuntu (10) yayisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ubungqingqwa be phobia yentlalo. D2 I-receptor yokubopha enokubakho ilinganiswe ngokusebenzisa i-radiotracer [123I] iodobenzamide ([123I] IBZM) ikhupha ikopi enye yokuphuma kwekhomputha, ngendlela ye-bolus kunye neendlela zokungeniswa rhoqo, njengoko bekuchaziwe ngaphambili (11). Ubume obuqhelekileyo bemimandla enomdla kunye nobume obuqhelekileyo busetyenziselwe ukuhlalutya izifundo. Imimandla yasekunene neyasekhohlo imimandla yemimandla ibekwe kwimifanekiso eshwankathelwe. Ukubopha okuthe ngqo kwabalwa njengumahluko phakathi kwento eyenzekileyo kunye nomsebenzi wobugqi kumlo wokulinganayo. [123I] I-IBZM inokubopha amandla (kwi-ml / g), ehambelana nemveliso yokuxinana kwabantu ngokukhululekileyo (Bmax, kwi-nM okanye kwi-picomoles kwigram nganye yezicubu zobuchopho) kunye nobulungu (1 / KD, kwi-1 / nM okanye kwi-milliliters zeplasma nganye kwipuzzle123I] IBZM), yabalwa njengobungakanani bokubethelwa kwe-striatal ngokuthe ngqo (kwii-microconomy ngegramu yeetishu zobuchopho) ukuya kwimeko-engaxhalanga yasimahla ye-plasma tracer ye-state (kwii-microconomy nge-millilitha nganye yeplasma) (12).
Iqela lokuthelekisa lisebenzise uvavanyo lwe-t olungena tais ezimbini kunye ne-alpha ye-0.05. Ukubopha okunokubakho kwakuhambelana nobungqine beklinikhi ngokusebenzisa idatha eguqulwe kwinqanaba (Ukuhambelana kwesikhundla se-Spearman).
IINKCUKACHA
Kwakungekho mahluko weqela ubalulekileyo kubudala, isini, ubuhlanga, imfundo, imeko yomtshato, okanye ukuhambisa.
Kwakukho umahluko obonakalayo ku- [123I] I-IBZM yokubopha inokwenzeka phakathi kwamaqela (t = 2.6, df = 18, p = 0.02), ngokubanamandla asezantsi okubopha kwizigulana ezine-phobia jikelele yentlalo (kuthetha = 93.6 ml / g, SD = 29.8) kunakwizifundo zothelekiso ( kuthetha = 133.5 ml / g, SD = 38.2) (F1). Kwiqela le-phobia yentlalo, kukho ukungangqinelani okungalunganga kokudibanisa okunokubakho ngamanqaku apheleleyo kwi-Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (rs= –0.59, N = 10, p = 0.07).
UKUQALA
Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba ubuntu ngokubanzi banokuhambelana ne-D2 I-receptor yokubopha inokubakho kwis striatum. Phantsi D2 I-receptor yokubopha inokubakho iyahambelana nokufunyaniswa kwenkqubo yenkqubo ye-dopamine ephantsi kwi-phobia yentlalo.
Olu phando lukhawulelwe linani elincinci lezifundo. Kananjalo, kuba lunye kuphela uvavanyo olwenziwayo oluphezulu olwenziwe kwisifundo ngasinye, D2 Ubuninzi be-receptor kunye nobulungu abunakulinganiswa.
Iziphumo zibonakala zilingana nezo zisuka kwizilwanyana kwizifundo zempilo ephantsi, ekucetyiswa ukuba yabelane ngeempawu zokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha kwabantu (3). Umzekelo, uphononongo lwakutshanje lwe-positron emission tomography ye-cynomolgus nyani (13) ubonakalise istriatal esisezantsi D2 ukubopha kwiindawo ezingaphantsi, ezifanayo ngokufumana kwethu kwi-phobia yentlalo ngokubanzi. Izilwanyana ezikumgangatho ophantsi woluntu zinokuba yimodeli eluncedo yokuqonda umsebenzi wobuchopho obuphantsi koluntu ekuhlaleni.
Phantsi D2 I-receptor binding ibonakala okungenani iyinxalenye ethile kwi-phobia yentlalontle, kunokuba imele i-correlate engalunganga yoxinzelelo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. D2 ukubopha akufumanekanga kuphantsi kwi-schizophrenia (14) okanye uxinzelelo olukhulu (15). Kuxelwe ukuba iphantsi kwiziyobisi zokuphazamiseka (16), enokuthi ihlale ivunyaniswa yindawo yokuhlala yabantu (17).
Ezi datha zibonisa ukuba i-D ephantsi2 Ukuzibophelela okunokubakho okunokubakho okunxulunyaniswa nephobia yentlalo. Idityaniswe neziphumo ezivela kwamanye amaziko, ezi datha zongeza kubungqina obukhulayo bokuba D2 Umsebenzi we-receptor uguqula indlela yokuziphatha kwabantu.
Ifunyenwe ngoFebhu.23, 1999; Uhlaziyo olufunyenwe ngoJulayi 13 kunye no-Aug. 27, 1999; yamkelwe ngoSeptemba 2, 1999. Ukusuka kwiKlinikhi yokuPhazamiseka kweXhala loKhathalelo kunye neCandelo lokuBuya ngeBrain, iZiko lezeNgqondo laseNew York; kunye neSebe lezeNgqondo, ikholeji yaseColombia kwiYunivesithi yoGqirha nabaGqirha, kwiNew York. Akukho ziphrintiweyo zikhoyo. Ukudibana kwembalelwano noGqr Schneier, Ikliniki yokuNyanga abaxhalabileyo, iYunithi 69, iZiko lezeengqondo leNew York State, i-1051 Riverside uGqr, New York, NY 10032; [imeyile ikhuselwe] (i-imeyile). Ixhaswe zizibonelelo ezivela kwi-Sycamore Foundation kunye ne-Solvay Pharmaceuticals kunye ne-NIMH Scientist Award Mward-MN-01603 ku-Dr. Laruelle. Ababhali bayabulela uKathy Rivera, uTami Edward, uJanine Rodenhiser, Ph.D., Suehee Chung, Mali Pratap, Ted Pozniakoff, Richard Weiss, Dan Schneider, kunye no-Analea Arevalo ngoncedo lobuchwephesha.
UMGANGATHO 1.
Dopamine D2 I-Receptor Binding Inokubakho kwizigulana ezine-Phobia yoLuntu eHlangeneyo kunye nezifundo ezinokuThelekiswa okunempilo
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