Izazinzulu zobuchopho ezikhokelwa nguSebastian Haesler (NERF, oxhotyiswe yi-IMEC, KU Leuven kunye ne-VIB) zichonge indlela ebangela ukuba i-novel stimuli ikhuthaze ukufunda. Ubutsha busebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwinkqubo ye-dopamine, enoxanduva lokufunda ngokudibeneyo. Iziphumo zineempembelelo zokuphucula izicwangciso zokufunda kunye noyilo lwe-algorithms yokufunda koomatshini.
Ubutsha kunye nokufunda
Olona hlobo lokufunda lusisiseko, olwaziwa ngokuba yi-associative learning, luqhele ukubonwa kwizilwanyana nakubantu. Ibandakanya unxulumano lwesivuseleli okanye isenzo esinesiphumo esihle okanye esibi. Ukufunda ngokunxulumanayo kusisiseko sokuziphatha kwethu kwemihla ngemihla: siyabavuza abantwana ngokwenza umsebenzi wabo wesikolo owenzelwa ekhaya, umzekelo, okanye sinciphise ixesha labo likamabonakude ukuba abaziphathanga.
Oosonzululwazi bazi ukusukela ngo-1960 ukuba izinto ezintsha ziququzelela ukufunda okuhlangeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, iindlela ezibangela le nto zihlala zingaziwa.
"Umsebenzi wangaphambili ucebise ukuba into entsha inokuthi isebenze inkqubo ye-dopamine engqondweni. Ke ngoko sicinge ukuba ukusebenza kwe-dopamine kunokukhuthaza ukufunda ngokunxulumana. ” utsho uProf. Sebastian Haesler, owayekhokele olu phando.
Ukusezela ubutsha
Ukubonisa ukuba into entsha ngokwenene yenza i-dopamine neurons, abaphandi baveze iimpuku kuzo zombini ivumba elitsha neliqhelekileyo.
“Xa iimpuku zisezela into entsha, ziba nemincili kwaye ziqale ukusezela ngokukhawuleza okukhulu. Le ndlela yokuziphatha yendalo, ezenzekelayo inika ufundo olukhulu kwimbono entsha. ” kuchaza uDkt Cagatay Aydin, i-postdoc kwiqela likaSebastian Haesler. Ngovavanyo lwempuku, iqela liqinisekisile ukuba i-dopamine neurons yenziwe yasebenza ngamavumba amatsha, kodwa hayi ngabaqhelekileyo.
Kwinqanaba lesibini, iimpuku zaqeqeshelwa ukudibanisa inoveli namavumba aqhelekileyo nomvuzo.
“Xa savala ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwe-dopamine ngokuvuselela inoveli kwizilingo ezimbalwa kuphela, ukufunda kuye kwacotha. Kwelinye icala, ukuvuselela i-dopamine neurons ngexesha lokuboniswa kwezinto eziqhelekileyo ezikhuthaza ukufunda. ” utsho uJoachim Morrens, umfundi wePhD kwiqela.
Ixabiso lobutsha
Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba ukusebenza kwe-dopamine ngesivuseleli senoveli kukhuthaza ukufunda. Banikezela ngenkxaso yovavanyo oluthe ngqo kwiqela lesikhokelo sethiyori kwisayensi yekhompyuter, ebandakanya 'ibhonasi entsha' ukunika ingxelo ngesiphumo esiluncedo sobutsha. Ukubandakanya ibhonasi enjalo kunokukhawulezisa i-algorithms yokufunda koomatshini kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwabo kakuhle.
Ngokwembono ebonakalayo, iziphumo zisikhumbuza ukuba siqhawule inkqubo yethu rhoqo kwaye sifune amava amatsha ukuze sibe ngabafundi abangcono.
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Ukupapashwa
Morrens et al. Ngo-2020. I-dopamine ekhutshiweyo ikhuthaza ukuphendula okulungiselelwe ngexesha lokufunda. Neuron
Inkxaso
Inkxaso-mali ivela kwi-HFSP, i-EC Marie Curie kunye ne-FWO.
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