UKenji Kobayashi kunye noMing Hsu
I-PNAS nge-25 kaJuni ka-2019, 116 26 (13061) 13066-11; Ipapashwe okokuqala nge-2019 kaJuni ka-XNUMX https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820145116
Ukubaluleka
Kubaluleke ngakumbi kunangaphambili ukufuna ulwazi ngokuzinzileyo. Ngelixa kufanelekile ukufumana ulwazi olusekwe kuphela kwinzuzo yokusebenziseka, abantu bahlala befumana ulwazi olungenamsebenzi ngenxa yezizathu zengqondo, ezinjengomdla wokwazi kunye nolonwabo ngolangazelelo. Apha sibonisa ukuba izizathu ezinamandla kunye nezingasifanelanga ziyaphindaphindeka kwixabiso le-information (SVOI) kwiimpawu zabantu. Ulwazi ngezihloko ezifuna umsebenzi wokuthatha izigqibo ngezoqoqosho lwathatyathwa yimodeli ye-SVOI, engabonisi kuphela isibonelelo solwazi kodwa nokusebenzisa okulindelweyo. I-SVOI imelwe kwimimandla yexabiso lesiko, yabelana ngekhowudi eqhelekileyo ngexabiso elisisiseko somvuzo. Oku kubonisa ukuba inkqubo yokuxabisa kuhlanganisa izizathu ezininzi zokuqhuba indlela yokuziphatha efuna ulwazi.
Abstract
Ulwazi olwexeshana lubalulekile kwindlela yokuziphatha ekhokelwa ziinjongo. Ubungqina obukhulayo bunika ukubaluleka kwezizathu ezingena ngaphakathi ezinje ngokufuna ukwazi okanye ukufuna izinto ezingaziwayo, ezinokulawulwa kwiinkqubo zokuxabisa ixabiso dopaminergic, ekuqhubeni indlela yokuziphatha efuna ulwazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxabisa ulwazi ngenxa yazo kungangaphezulu kakhulu xa kufuneka iiarhente kufuneka zivavanye ukufunyanwa kwezibonelelo zolwazi ngendlela ekhangela phambili. Apha sibonisa ukuba indlela yokuziphatha efuna ulwazi ebantwini iqhutywa lixabiso eliphantsi eliyilwe zizinto zombini ezingasasebenziyo, kunye nokuba eli xabiso lesiseko solwazi (SVOI) sabelana ngekhowudi ye-neural eqhelekileyo ngexabiso elisisiseko somvuzo. Ngokukodwa, ukusebenzisa umsebenzi apho izifundo zinokuthenga ulwazi ukunciphisa ukungaqiniseki malunga neziphumo zelottery yemali, sifumene izigqibo zokuthenga kulwazi zinokubanjwa ngemodeli ye-SVOI ebandakanya ulindelo kwizibonelelo ezifanelekileyo. Ngokwemvelo, ukwahluka kuvavanyo ngokuvavanywa kwi-SVOI kwalungelelaniswa nomsebenzi kwi-striatum kunye ne-ventromedial preortal cortex. Ngaphaya koko, ukumiswa kwamacandelo abonisa ukuba, ngaphakathi kwale mimandla, i-SVOI kunye nolindelo lwezinto ezinokulindeleka ziye zamelwa kusetyenziswa ikhowudi eqhelekileyo. Ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo zibonelela ngenkxaso kwi-hypothesis yemali eqhelekileyo kwaye zinika ukuqonda kwendlela yokusebenza kwe-neurocognitive.
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