DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.10.003
Abstract
Injongo
Ukulutha kwe-Intanethi, igama elichaza ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi ye-intanethi kunye nokuxhomekeka kwe-6% phakathi kwabantu bonke kunye nabafundi abaphezulu [1]. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi ngokugqithiseleyo kunokubaluleka kwempilo karhulumente njengoko kuye kwabanjelwa ukufa kwe-cardio-pulmonary and least one murder. Nangona ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala okanye iziyobisi kuye kwavunyelwa ngokomlando njengokuba ngumlutha, imibuzo ihleli malunga nokuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi ngokugqithiseleyo kufuneka kuthathwa njengeliso lomlutha. Uvavanyo lweNtsholongwane ye-Intanethi (i-IAT) lwaphuhliswa kwi-1998, ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwe-Smartphone kunye namanye amadivaysi eselula, ukufumana umlutha we-intanethi [2]. Akucaci ukuba ngaba esi sixhobo sinakho ukuthatha ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi yeengxaki. Injongo yale sifundo yayikuhlolisisa ukwakhiwa kwe "intambo ye-intanethi" kwisampuli yekholeji abaneminyaka abasebenzisa intanethi.
indlela yokwenza
Uphando lwaqhutywa kunyaka wokuqala wabafundi be-undergraduate kwiYunivesithi yaseMcMaster kwaye yathunyelwa kwiziko lethu leziko www.macanxiety.com. Emva kokwamkelwa kwengxelo yokuchaza, abathathi-nxaxheba bagqibe isikali sokuchaza ingxelo ngokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi, iimpawu zoxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo, ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Amanyathelo abandakanyiwe: iphepha lemibuzo loluntu elifutshane kunye novavanyo oluqukethe i-IAT, amacandelo avela kwiMin International Neuropsychiatric Udliwanondlebe we-OCD, GAD, SAD, Barkley Adult ADHD Scale, Scale yeBarratt, uxinzelelo, ukuxhalaba, noxinzelelo loxinzelelo ( I-DASS-21), iBarkley intsilelo kwiSikali seNkozo eziSebenzayo (i-BDEFS) kunye neSikali sokuKhubazeka kweShehan (SDS). Abantu babuye bacelwa ukuba bagcwalise Ubungakanani bokuSebenzisa iNgxaki kwi-Intanethi (i-DPIU); isikali esisekwe kwiikhrayitheriya zokudibezela i-DSM-5. Nje ukuba uvavanyo lugqityiwe, abaphenduli bazisiwe ngamanqaku abo nokutolika kwi-IAT.
iziphumo
Amakhulu amabini anamashumi amahlanu anesine abathathi-nxaxheba abagqibe lonke uvavanyo. Babeneminyaka yobudala engama-18.5 ± 1.6 iminyaka kwaye i-74.5% yayingabafazi. Iyonke i-12.5% (n = 33) yahlangabezana neekhrayitheriya zovavanyo lokongezwa kwe-intanethi ngokwe-IAT, ngelixa i-107 (42%) yahlangabezana neekhrayitheriya zokulutha ngokwe-DPIU. Ezona ndawo zixeliweyo zokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi apho abaphenduli babenobunzima ekulawuleni ukusetyenziswa kwabo zezi: iinkonzo zokusasaza ividiyo (55.8%), inethiwekhi yoluntu (47.9%) kunye nezixhobo zokuthumela imiyalezo ngokukhawuleza (28.5%). Ezo zinto zihlolisisayo kwi-IAT nakwi-DPIU zazinamanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu okhubazeko kokusebenza (p <0.001), uxinzelelo kunye neempawu zoxinzelelo (p <0.001), ukukhubazeka okukhulu kokusebenza (p <0.001) kunye namanqanaba amakhulu eengxaki zokuqwalaselwa (p <0.001) kunye neempawu ze-ADHD (p <0.001). Abo bane-intanethi ye-IAT kunye ne-DPIU bachitha ixesha labo elingabalulekanga (lokuzonwabisa) kwi-intanethi ngokuthelekiswa nabo bangakhange bahlangabezane neenqobo zokulutha kwi-intanethi. Xa ujonga ubungakanani obahlukeneyo bokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi, abavavanyi abaqinisekileyo babenokubanobunzima ekulawuleni ukusebenzisa kwabo izixhobo zokuthumela imiyalezo kwangoko xa kuthelekiswa nezikrini ezibi (p = 0.01). Akukho mahluko usetyenziswayo waqwalaselwayo.
isiphelo
Inani eliphezulu leesampuli lidibene neendlela zokulutha kwe-intanethi. Abathathi-nxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zeentengiso ze-intanethi babenamazinga angaphezulu kwe-psychopathology kunye nokukhubazeka okusebenzayo. Ngaphandle kwezixhobo zokuthumela imiyalezo ngokukhawuleza, akukho nanye imilinganiselo yokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi eyahlukileyo phakathi kwabantu abenzayo kwaye abazange bahlangabezane neenqobo ze-intanethi kwi-IAT. Olu pho nonongo lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi ngxaki kunokusasazeka ngakumbi kunokuba bekucingwe. Izifundo ezongezelelweyo zifunekayo ukuqonda ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-intanethi engxaki kunye ne-psychopathology.
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