Ukuxhatshazwa koLuntu kwiNzululwazi kwiSayensi zezeMpilo e-Oman (2015)

Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. I-2015 Aug; 15 (3): i-e357-63. doi: 10.18295 / squmj.2015.15.03.009. Epub 2015 Aug 24.

Masters K1.

Abstract

IINJONGO:

Ubungozi kwiindawo zokunxibelelana kwezentlalo (SNSs) ngumba wamazwe ngamazwe ngeendlela ezininzi zokulinganisa. Igalelo lezo zilahla phakathi kwabafundi bezesayensi zempilo zixhalaba ngokukodwa. Olu pho nonongo lujolise ukulinganisa amazinga okulutha kwe-SNS phakathi kwabafundi bezesayensi zezempilo kwi-University of Sultan Qaboos (SQU) eMuscat, eOman.

IINDLELA:

Ngo-Ephreli 2014, inqaku elingabonakaliyo lwesiNgesi-into yesithandathu ye-elektroniki yokunika ingxelo ngokuzenzekelayo isekelwe kwi-Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale yalawulwa kwinqanaba elingazange lilandele i-141 nabafundi bezesayensi zezesayensi kwi-SQU. Uphando lusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kweempawu ezintathu ze-SNS: i-Facebook (Facebook Inc., i-Menlo Park, eCalifornia, e-USA), i-YouTube (i-YouTube, i-San Bruno, i-California, i-USA, kunye ne-Twitter (Twitter Inc., iSan Francisco, eCalifornia, eU.SA) . Iisethi ezimbini zeendlela zokusetyenziswa zetyenziselwe ukubala ireyithi yokulutha (amanqaku e-3 ubuncinane izinto ezine zophando okanye amanqaku e-3 kuzo zonke izinto ezintandathu). Ukusetyenziswa kwe-SNS enxulumene nomsebenzi kwaye kwalinganiswa.

IINKCUKACHA:

Inani lilonke labafundi be-81 bagqibile kuvavanyo (inqanaba lokuphendula: I-57.4%). Kwii-SNS ezintathu, i-YouTube yayixhaphake kakhulu (100%), yalandelwa ngu-Facebook (91.4%) kunye ne-Twitter (70.4%). Amaxabiso okusebenzisa kunye nokulutha ahluka kakhulu kuzo zontathu ii-SNS. Amanqanaba okulutha kwi-Facebook, YouTube kunye ne-Twitter, ngokulandelanayo, ahlukeneyo ngokweekhrayitheriya ezisetyenzisiweyo (14.2%, 47.2% kunye ne-33.3% xa kuthelekiswa ne-6.3%, i-13.8% kunye ne-12.8%. Nangona kunjalo, amazinga okulutha anciphise xa umsebenzi onxulumene nomsebenzi uthathelwa ingqalelo.

UKUQINISWA:

Amanqanaba okulutha kwe-SNS phakathi kweli cohort abonisa isidingo songenelelo. Ukongeza, iziphumo zibonisa ukuba umlutha kwi-SNS nganye kufuneka ulinganiswe kwaye imisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ngexesha lokulinganisa.

Ubungozi kwiindawo zokunxibelelana kwezentlalo (SNSs) ngumba wamazwe ngamazwe ngeendlela ezininzi zokulinganisa. Igalelo lezo zilahla phakathi kwabafundi bezesayensi zempilo zixhalaba ngokukodwa. Olu pho nonongo lujolise ukulinganisa amazinga okulutha kwe-SNS phakathi kwabafundi bezesayensi zezempilo kwi-University of Sultan Qaboos (SQU) eMuscat, eOman.

Internet: Iintshukumo zokuziphatha, i-Intanethi, iNethiwekhi yeNtlalo, iMidiya yeNtlalo, Abafundi, Oman

Ukuhambela phambili kulwazi

  • Iziphumo zolu phononongo ziqinisekisa ubukho kwaye zibonisa ubungakanani beendawo zonxibelelwano zenethiwekhi (SNS) phakathi kwesampulu yabafundi besayensi yezempilo eOman.
  • -Ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo zixhasa impikiswano yokuba ubukhoboka be-SNS kufuneka buvavanywe kwii-SNS ezizezinye kunokuba zijongwe ngokubanzi kuphela.
  • Umsebenzi onxulumene nomsebenzi we-SNS kufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo xa ulinganisa umlutha we-SNS ngokungabandakanyi ukusetyenziswa kweendaba zosasazo ngeenjongo zomsebenzi kwafunyanwa ukunciphisa amaqondo okulutha.

Isicelo seNkxaso yoNyango

  • -Ukunikwa unxibelelwano phakathi kwesiyobisi se-SNS kunye neempawu ezithile zobuntu, ukusetyenziswa okwandisiweyo kwee-SNSs phakathi kwabaqeqeshi bezempilo kunokuba yingozi kwizigulana. Ukutyhila ubungakanani beziyobisi ze-SNS phakathi kwabafundi besayensi yezempilo kunokunceda ekujoliseni ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo okanye iinkqubo zokuthintela, ukuba ziyafuneka

Ngaphezulu kwe-2.5 yezigidigidi abasebenzisi be-Intanethi kwihlabathi, ezinye i-1.8 yezigidigidi baqikelelwa ukusebenzisa iisayithi zenethiwekhi (ii-SNSs) kwi-2014, emele malunga ne-25% yabemi behlabathi liphela.1,2 Ezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-SNSs yi-Facebook (Facebook, Inc., Menlo Park, California, USA), YouTube (YouTube, San Bruno, California, USA) kunye ne-Twitter (Twitter, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA), ine-1.3 iibhiliyoni, i-1 yezigidigidi kunye ne-645 yezigidi zabasebenzisi ababhalisiweyo ngokusebenzayo, ngokwahlukeneyo.3-5 Ngapha koko, inani labantu abongezelelweyo abasebenzisa ezi SNSs ngaphandle kokubhalisa njengabantu abangaziwayo. Kwisithuba seminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi eOman kukhule kakhulu; kwi-2014, babebaninzi ngaphezulu kwe-2 yezigidi, Ababesele bebonisile kuphando lwangaphambili ngokweepatheni zamazwe.6,7 Ukulandela iindlela ze-SNS zehlabathi, i-Oman okwangoku inabasebenzisi abaninzi be-Facebook be-600,000.6 Ngelixa amanani akhethekileyo esizwe ezinye ii-SNSs zingekafumaneki, akukho sizathu sokukrokrela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwezi ndawo kwenye yeOman akuhambelani nemeko yamazwe aphesheya.

Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi kunye nee-SNS ngomntu ngamnye ayothusi-eyona nto iphambili kuxhomekeke ekubeni likhoboka lezi ndlela zobugcisa. Kwi-1995, ugqirha wezengqondo u-Ivan Goldberg wazisa ngokugqibeleleyo igama elithi 'i-Internet addiction disorder' (IAD).8 Nge-1996, umxholo wokulutha kwi-Intanethi wawusathathelwa ingqalelo kakhulu; Kwacetywa ukuba ibe yingxaki yeklinikhi kunye nemibuzo eluncedo yokuqonda isifo (esekwe kwiphepha lemibuzo lomlutha wokungcakaza).9 Nangona i-IAD ingekaqwalaselwa njengengxaki yeklinikhi, ngokuchasene nengxaki yokudlala kwi-Intanethi, kukho inkxaso eyomeleleyo yomqondo. Izifundo zibonise ukuba uninzi lwe3-4% yabantu abancinci-kwiimeko ezithile, kakhulu-bonisa iimpawu zokulutha kwi-Intanethi, ngesinye sezona meko zamva nje ezibandakanya isigulana esineminyaka eyi-31 esasinengxaki yokusebenzisa i-IAD. zeglasi zikaGoogle™ Itekhnoloji yokunxiba (Google, Googleplex, ukujonga intaba, California, USA).10-13

Iimpawu zokulutha kwi-Intanethi ziyafana nezo zalo naluphi na olunye uhlobo lweziyobisi. Nyulu okqhubekayo. Isishwankathelo semeko njengebandakanya ukuzibandakanya okugqithisileyo kwengqondo kunye ne-Intanethi, kudityaniswa neengcinga eziphindaphindayo zokunciphisa okanye ukulawula ukusetyenziswa noku kusilela kokuthintela ukufikelela.14 Abantu abanale meko baqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-Intanethi ngaphandle kwefuthe elibonakalayo ekusebenzeni kwabo kwemihla ngemihla kumanqanaba ohlukeneyo, bechitha ixesha elininzi elandayo kwi-intanethi kwaye bekulangazelela ukufikelela xa kungafumaneki.14 Ukongeza kumkhwa oqhelekileyo we-Intanethi, kuye kwajoliswa kwiintlobo ezithile zokulutha (umzekelo ukulungiswa kwemidlalo ye-Intanethi okanye iifowuni eziphathwayo).8,15-17 Ngokufanayo, iingxaki ziye zaphakanyiswa malunga nokwanda kokusetyenziswa kwee-SNSs ukusukela emva kwee1990s, ngenani elikhulayo leengxelo zokulutha kukaSNS.18 Ngenxa yokuba iipateni zokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi kunye ne-SNS e-Oman zihambelana nemikhwa yehlabathi,6 Kukho isizathu sokukrokrela ukuba iipateni zokulutha kwe-SNS kweli lizwe zinokufana nezo zichazwe kwihlabathi liphela.

Ukulinganisa amanqanaba okulutha kwe-SNS yindawo yengxoxo ethile. Abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba kuphela ngamanqanaba ovavanyo ngokubanzi lweSNS kufuneka ahlolwe.19,20 Nangona kunjalo, abanye bathathe umbono ojolise ngakumbi; Nyulu okqhubekayo. ukhethe ukutshintsha kunye nokusebenzisa isikali sokulutha kwi-Intanethi ukuze kuphuculwe umlutha we-Facebook, ngelixa i-Facebook Addiction Symbols Scale nayo sele iphunyeziwe kwiqela labafundi abasepaseji.14,21 Kutshanje, uAndrewen okqhubekayo. Uphuhlise imfutshane imibuzo emithandathu yokulutha kwemibuzo kwi-Facebook eyaziwa ngokuba yiBergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS), ukuqiniseka nokuthembeka kwayo okwathi kwamiselwa kamva.22,23 I-BFAS isetyenziswe ngempumelelo ekulinganiseni amazinga okulutha ku-Facebook kwizifundo ezininzi kwaye yamkelwe njengesebenzayo ngokwengqondo.18,20,24-26 Nangona ekuqaleni yenzelwe ukuvavanya umlutha kwi-SNS enye, u-Andrewassen okqhubekayo. uqaphele ukuba ukuhlengahlengisa isilinganiselo ukuze kuhlolwe enye i-SNS kuyenzeka.23

Iziyobisi zinokuphazamisa kwiinkalo ezininzi zobomi; kwabafundi, kungathintela izifundo zabo kwaye kunefuthe kwiinjongo zabo zobomi bexesha elide. Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kunye nokulutha kwizinto ze-Intanethi-kubandakanywa ii-SNS kunye nemidlalo ye-intanethi-kunxulunyaniswe ngokuchasene nesazela, ukuthembeka / ukuthobeka kunye nokuvumelana ngokuvumayo kunye nokuzithemba okunxulumene ne-neuroticism, narcissism kunye nobukhali.22,27-35 Kubafundi bezonyango abajolise ekuphuhliseni babe ngabasebenzi bezempilo abanenkathalo, iimpembelelo zalo mkhwa zinokuba neziphumo ezibi nezonakalisayo kuluntu luphela. Kubalulekile, ke, ukwazi ubungakanani bengxaki ukuze kuthathwe amanyathelo afanelekileyo okulwa nayo.

Ngenxa yenkxalabo ekhankanywe apha ngasentla, olu phononongo lujolise ekulinganiseni amazinga okulutha kwe-SNS phakathi kweqela labafundi bezesayensi yezempilo kwiYunivesithi yaseSultan Qaboos (SQU) eMuscat, eOman. Ngaphaya koko, olu phononongo lujolise ukwahlula phakathi kwee-SNS ezintathu eziphambili (i-Facebook, i-YouTube kunye ne-Twitter) kunokulinganisa isiyobisi se-SNS ngokubanzi, njengoko amangenelo okulungisa iingxaki ezinxulumene notywala anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwi-SNS ethile.

tindlela

Olu pho nonongo lubandakanya iqela elingaqhelekanga le-141 labafundi bezonyango kunye ne-laboratory abafundi ababhalise kwiKholeji yezoNyango kunye neSayensi yezeMpilo kwi-SQU ngo-Ephreli 2014 kwaye bathatha inxaxheba kwi-Medical Informatics II. Eli qela labafundi lakhethwa ngenxa yokuba babengekazifundisi iinkcukacha ze-SNSs kodwa babenolwazi lokungenisa ngenxa yokugqitywa kwezifundo zezoNyango zeZonyango.

Uphononongo lwe-elektroniki olwaziwa ngokwasemthethweni lwezinto ezintandathu lwenziwa, ngokusekwe kwi-BFAS kwaye lwatshintshwa kwezinye i-SNS njengoko kucetyiswe nguAndrewassen okqhubekayo.22,23 Zontathu ii-SNS ezikhethelwe iphepha lemibuzo yayiyi-Facebook, i-Twitter kunye ne-YouTube, kuba ezi yayizezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele ngelo xesha.3-5 Abafundi bacelwe ukuba baxele idatha yabo yokusetyenziswa kwe-SNS kunyaka odlulileyo. Nangona kunokuphikiswa ukuba ii-SNS zisetyenziswa ngokuyintloko kwimisebenzi engengomsebenzi, uphando lubonise ukuba amaziko eendaba ezentlalo asetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zonyango nakwezinye izifundo.36,37 Ngenxa yoko, uvavanyo lwahlengahlengiswa ukuze kuchongwe ipesenti yexesha abafundi ababike ngalo inkcitho kwii-SNSs kwimeko yomsebenzi.

Nangona isiNgesi yayingelolwimi lwenkobe lwabo bonke abafundi ababekwiqela elalingaphili, ulwimi lokufundiswa kwekhosi ye-Medical Informatics II yayingesiNgesi; abafundi abathathe ezi zifundo ke bezijongwa njengolwazi olufanelekileyo nolwimi ukuqonda iphepha lemibuzo. Ngaphezulu, uvavanyo lokuFlesch ukuFumaneka kunye novavanyo lweBanga leFlesch-Kincaid lweBakala lubonise ukuba olu vavanyo lunokuqondwa ngabafundi abakwinqanaba lesikolo.38 Abafundi bazisiwe ngophando olwenziwe nge-Intanethi ngo-Epreli 2014 ngelixa beseklasini, kunye nezikhumbuzo ezibini ezithunyelwe nge-imeyile becela ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabo. Olu phando luye lwahlala luvulekile kangangeeveki ezine ukunika abafundi ixesha elaneleyo lokulugqiba.

Emva kokudityaniswa kwedatha yophando, amaqondo okubhengeza abalwa ngokweeseti ezimbini zeekhrayitheriya. Eyokuqala, ecetywayo yi-Lemmens okqhubekayo., uthatha inqaku le-3 ubuncinci kwizinto ezihlolwayo ze-BFAS ukwenza umlutha.16 Nangona kunjalo, iikhrayitheriya ezicetywayo nguAndrewassen okqhubekayo. ifuna inqaku le-3 kuzo zonke izinto ezintandathu ze-BFAS ngaphambi kokuba umntu ahlulwe njengomlutha.22 Xa la manqanaba okuqala okuba likhoboka aye abalwa, amaxabiso okulutha emva koko abalwa kwakhona ngokubhekisele kusetyenziso olunxulumene nomsebenzi lwe-SNS. Abathathi-nxaxheba bachitha> iipesenti ezingama-50 zexesha labo lokusetyenziswa kwe-SNS kwimisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi ayifakwanga kwiqela elinomlutha.

Idatha yafakwa kwi-Microsoft Excel ispredishithi (Inguqulelo 2010, Microsoft Corp., Redmond, Washington, USA) kunye nohlalutyo oluchazayo lwamanani kunye nokubalwa kwe-Chi-squared kwenziwa. Idatha yolwazi yayenzelwe ukuba isebenzise i-NVivo, Inguqulelo 7 (QSR International Ltd., Burlington, Massachusetts, USA).

Ukuvunywa kokuziphatha kolu phando kunikezwe yiKomiti yoPhando lwezoNyango kunye neKomiti yeeNqobo eziseSikweni kwiKholeji yezoNyango kunye nezeNzululwazi ngezeMpilo e-SQU (MREC # 869). Bonke abaphenduli banike imvume ebhaliweyo ngaphambi kokuthatha inxaxheba kolu phando.

iziphumo

Kubafundi be-141 ababandakanywe kolu phando, i-81 iyonke igqibe uhlolo (inqanaba lokuphendula: I-57.4%). Kwezi, i-51 yayingabafazi (63.0%); Olu lungelelwaniso ngokwesini alunantsingiselo kubalo lonke iklasi (P = 0.41). Ukusetyenziswa kweziza ezintathu ze-SNS ngabathathi-nxaxheba kunyaka ophelileyo kushwankathelwe 1 Table. I-YouTube yayiqhele ukusetyenziswa (i-100%), ilandelwa nguFacebook (91.4%) kunye ne-Twitter (70.4%). Akukho mahluko ubalulekileyo ngokwe-SNS yabasetyhini nabesilisa.P = 0.997).

Ithebula 1: 

Ukuzixela kokusetyenziswa kweziza zonxibelelwano ezikhethiweyo kunyaka ophelileyo phakathi kweqela labafundi besayensi yezempilo eOman (N = 81)

Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kweSNS okunxulumene nomsebenzi kusetyenziswa isampula kushwankathelwe ngaphakathi 2 Table. Ngelixa i-15% ye-Twitter yomsebenzi inxulumene nomsebenzi, le yayingeyiyo imeko ye-Facebook kunye ne-YouTube (ngaphantsi kwe-39.4% kunye ne-41.9%, ngokulandelelana). I-YouTube yayisetyenziswa rhoqo ngabafundi ngeenjongo zomsebenzi kunakwamanye amaziko eendaba ezentlalo (kuthetha: 41.9%). Iipatheni zokusebenzisa zibonisiwe kwi 3 Table. Ukuxhomekeka kwiYouTube kwakukhulu kunakwezinye iisayithi ezimbini. Oku kucace gca kwindlela yodidi ngalunye, olwaluphezulu kwiYouTube kunakwezinye iisayithi zosasazo loluntu ngazo zonke iimeko. Ambalwa kakhulu amagqabantshintshi afanelekileyo avela kubafundi anika imixholo kunye neepateni ezifanelekileyo ukuba zikhutshwe.

Ithebula 2: 

Umsebenzi ohambelana nokusetyenziswa kweziza zonxibelelwano ezikhethiweyo zonyaka ophelileyo phakathi kweqela labafundi besayensi yezempilo e-Oman (N = 81)
Ithebula 3: 

Iipatheni ezizisebenzisayo ezichaziweyo* yeziza ezikhethiweyo zonxibelelwano zentlalo kunyaka ophelileyo phakathi kweqela labafundi besayensi yezempilo eOman (N = 81)

Amanqanaba otywala abalwa ngokusekwe kwi-Lemmens okqhubekayo. kunye noAndrewen okqhubekayo. [U4 Table].16,22 Ngokuphathelele kwi-Lemmens okqhubekayoIikhrayitheriya, kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-14.2%, 47.2% kunye ne-33.3% yabafundi babelikhoboka le-Facebook, YouTube kunye ne-Twitter, ngokulandelelana.16 Xa uthelekisa, kuphela i-6.3%, i-13.8% kunye ne-12.8% yabafundi, ngokwahlukeneyo, babelikhoboka kwezi SNS ezifanayo xa uAndrewassen okqhubekayoIikhrayitheriya zasetyenziswa ukubonisa ukubhengeza.22 La maxabiso anciphe xa abafundi ababike ukuba bachithe ngaphezulu kwe-50% yexesha labo besebenzisa ii-SNSs ngenxa yeenjongo ezinxulumene nomsebenzi5 Table]. Kuphela yi-4.7%, i-27.8% kunye ne-20.5% yabafundi abasathatyathwa njengabanobuthathaka kwi-Facebook, YouTube kunye ne-Twitter, ngokwahlukeneyo, ngokweekhrayitheriya ezicetywayo yi-Lemmens okqhubekayo.16 Ndikunye noAndrewassen okqhubekayoIikhrayitheriya, imigangatho yokulutha yehle kwi-3.2%, 6.9% kunye ne-7.7% kuFacebook, YouTube kunye ne-Twitter, ngokulandelelana.22 Oku kubonise ukwehla okubalulekileyo kumanqanaba otywala xa imisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi we-SNS ithathelwa ingqalelo, ngonciphiso lwe-41.2% (i-34 xa ithelekiswa nabafundi be-20) kwabo bahlelwa njengomlutha kwi-YouTube ngokwe-Lemmens okqhubekayoIikhrayitheriya kunye nokuncitshiswa kwe-80% (i-10 xa kuthelekiswa nabafundi ababini) ngokutsho kuka-Andrewassen okqhubekayoIikhrayitheriya.16,22

Ithebula 4: 

Amanqanaba otywala ngokwezokusetyenziswa kweendawo zonxibelelwano zentlalo ezikhethiweyo kunyaka ophelileyo phakathi kweqela labafundi besayensi yezempilo eOman (N = 81)
Ithebula 5: 

Amanqanaba okulutha ngokwendlela yokuxela ngokwakho yokusetyenziswa kweendawo zonxibelelwano zentlalo kunyaka ophelileyo phakathi kweqela labafundi bezesayensi yezempilo eOman abachitha i50% yexesha lokusetyenziswa kwimisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi.

ingxoxo

Olu phando luzame ukulinganisa amaqondo okulutha kwii-SNSs ezintathu (uFacebook, YouTube kunye ne-Twitter) phakathi kweqela labafundi bezenzululwazi zezempilo eOman. Ukongeza, uphononongo luvumile ukuba abafundi banokusebenzisa ezi ndawo ngeenjongo ezinxulumene nomsebenzi kwaye bayithathela ingqalelo le nto xa bebala amaxabiso eziyobisi.

Umcimbi omnye ophakanyiswe kuncwadi ngowokuba amaxabiso otywala kufuneka alinganiswe kwii-SNS ngokubanzi, okanye ngaba ukugqobhoza okugxilisayo kweziyobisi kwii-SNS ezithile kufanelekile.19,22,23 Iziphumo ezivela kufundo lwangoku zibonise uluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kuzo zontathu ii-SNS ezikhethiweyo, bonke abafundi besebenzisa i-YouTube, kodwa hayi i-Facebook okanye i-Twitter. Kwangoko, esi siphumo sisebenzela ukulumkisa ngokudibanisa amaqela onke e-SNS; ukuba bekunjalo, kuya kubonakala ukuba i-cohort iyonke isebenzise i-SNS, enokulahlekisa inikwe uluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kunye neenjongo ezinikezelwa zezi SNS. Ukongeza, amanani malunga nokulutha kunye nemisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi eyahluka kwi-SNSs, exhasa ingxabano yokuba ii-SNS kufuneka zivavanywe ngokukodwa. Njengoko ii-SNSs ziguquka ngokungathandabuzekiyo kunye nokuthandwa kwendawo ethile ye-wax kunye nokufuna ngokuhamba kwexesha, uvavanyo lomntu ngamnye lwee-SNS luya kuba lubaluleke ngakumbi.

Uphando lwangaphambili lubonise ukubaluleka kwe-Intanethi ngokubanzi kwimisebenzi ehambelana nomsebenzi yeengcali zezempilo.39,40 Ngokufanayo, ukusetyenziswa kobungcali kwezicelo zeselula kunye nee-SNS ngabafundi kunye nabaqeqeshi bezempilo abaqinisekisiweyo.36,41-44 Kungenxa yesi sizathu sokuba amaxabiso osetyenziso kufuneka abonwe kukukhanya kokusetyenziswa kwabafundi kwee-SNSs kwimisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi. Ngokumalunga nophando lwangoku, ukwenziwa kwezinto ngokubanzi malunga nokusetyenziswa okunxulumene ne-SNS kwakunzima-ayisiyi-Twitter kuphela esetyenziswe ngaphantsi kwezinye ii-SNSs, yayisetyenziswa kancinci kakhulu kwimisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi kunezinye iisayithi. Ubunzima obufanayo busebenza ekumiseleni amaxabiso ngokubanzi kunye nokungangqinelani nomsebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, amaxabiso esiyobisi esiqhelekileyo esiqwalaselwe kolu phononongo ayefana nalawo omiselwe kwezinye izifundo.17,24,25 Okubalulekileyo, nangona kunjalo, amaqondo okulutha ayephantsi kakhulu xa iziphumo zahlengahlengiswa ukuba zingabandakanyi imisebenzi yeendaba ezentlalo ezinxulumene nomsebenzi. Ngelishwa, lunye kuphela lwezifundo zothelekiso olukhankanywe apha ngasentla eziqwalasele imisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi xa kubalwa amazinga okulutha, ngenxa yoko ukuthelekiswa okungaphaya akunakwenzeka.25

Ukutolikwa kokusetyenziswa kwe-SNS kunye nokulutha kunokuba yinto egwenxa kwindlela abafundi abajongwa ngayo luluntu luphela. Ukuxhomekeka ngendlela engaqhelekanga kumajelo osasazo entlalweni kuthathwa njengesiyobisi, ngelixa ukuxhomekeka okufanayo kwimithombo yeendaba kwimisebenzi enxulumene nomsebenzi kunokuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo into ebekiweyo. Kananjalo, izifundo zangoku malunga nesi sihloko zinokuthathela ingqalelo uxinzelelo olubekwe kubafundi. Olu xinzelelo lukhulu kangangokuba ixesha labo kunye nokuzinikela kwabo bachitha kule misebenzi kungathathelwa ingqalelo njengesiyobisi, ukuba bekungenjalo ngenxa yokuba intsebenzo yabo ixatyiswe kakhulu. Ukusuka kwiziphumo zophando lwangoku, kungaphikiswa ngokulula ukuba uninzi lwabafundi babelikhoboka, hayi kwii-SNS, kodwa kwizifundo zabo; Ii-SNS yenye yeendlela yokondla umlutha wabo ekusebenzeni kwizifundo eziphakamileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kude kube nokuxoxwa ngokuba likhoboka le-SNS, idatha evela kuphando lwangoku ibonisa ukuba le sampuli yabafundi bezesayensi yezempilo e-Oman yavela ngokuxhomekeka ngokufanelekileyo kwii-SNS. Oku kuyaphazamisa ngakumbi ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuba uninzi lwaba bafundi luya kuthweswa izidanga kwaye lube ziingcali kwezempilo kungekudala. Ngenxa yokunxulumana phakathi kwe-Intanethi okanye isiyobisi se-SNS kunye neempawu ezithile zobuntu, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuya kubakho impembelelo kukhathalelo lwesigulana.22,27-35 Ewe, izifundo zibonise ukuba ezi mpawu zobuntu zifanayo zichaphazela ngqo ukusebenza komsebenzi;45,46 kwimimandla enxulumene nezempilo, oku kuyakuchaphazela umgangatho wokukhathalelwa kwezigulana. Ke ngoko, kuya kuba luncedo kuphando lwexesha elizayo ukugxila kubume bokunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwezi ziyobisi kunye nokuvela okungalunganga kukhathalelo lwesigulana. Ukongeza, ezi zifundo kufuneka zithathele ingqalelo amanyathelo okunciphisa iziphumo ezinokubakho ekunikezelweni kwezonyango e-Oman.

Ngaphandle kwezithintelo ezisemgangathweni zovavanyo olwenziwe ingxelo ngokwakho, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba olu phononongo lwenziwa kunye neklasi enye yabafundi kwiziko elinye. Ngenxa yoko, ubunzima ngokubanzi, nangona ukuthelekisa okwenziwe nezinye izifundo ezenziweyo phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo kuhlala kuhlala kusebenza. Olu phando lukhethe ukuphanda kuphela kathathu kumakhulu eeSNS ezikhoyo. Ukongeza, ngoku kukho mpikiswano malunga nokuba i-YouTube ithathelwe ingqalelo njenge-SNS, njengezinye iisayithi-kubandakanya iReddit (Reddit Inc., San Francisco, California, USA), Snapchat (Snapchat, Venice, California, USA), Wikipedia (Wikipedia, ISan Francisco, California, USA) kunye neWhatsApp (WhatsApp Inc., Mountain View, California, USA) -azinakulunga ngokulula nje kwinkcazo emxinwa ye-SNS ukanti zihlala zibandakanywa kolu luhlu.47 Izifundo ezizayo kufuneka zithathele ingqalelo. Okokugqibela, nangona idatha yolawulo ibonise ukugcwala okukhulu phakathi kweqela ngokuhambelana nobudala (bonke abafundi babephakathi kweminyaka ye-20-25 yeminyaka ubudala), ngekuluncedo ukuqinisekisa olu lwazi kuphononongo oluthe kratya. Oku kufuneka kulungiswe kwizifundo ezizayo.

isiphelo

Amanqanaba okulutha ngokubanzi phakathi kweli qela labafundi bezesayensi yezempilo eOman kufunyanwe afane namanye amaxabiso axelwe kwezinye izifundo. Iziphumo zolu fundo kufuneka zilungiswe malunga nokunikezelwa kwenkonzo yezempilo e-Oman kwixesha elizayo. Iindidi zamanqanaba osetyenziso aqapheleke ngokucacileyo abonisa ukuba ii-SNS akufuneki zidityaniswe zibe liqela elinye, kodwa kunokuba zivavanywe ngokukodwa. Ngaphaya koko, amaqondo okulutha anciphise xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo umsebenzi onxulumene nomsebenzi obonisa ukuba amaxabiso kufuneka ehlengahlengiswe ngokwenjongo. La manqaku mabini aphambili kufuneka athathelwe ingqalelo xa kuqhutywa izifundo ezifanayo.

Imibulelo

Umbhali angathanda ukubulela aba bantu balandelayo ngoncedo lwabo ukulungisa lo mbhalo-mbhalo: UNjingalwazi uAndrewen waseYunivesithi yaseBergen, eNorway, ukuba afumane imvume kwaye asebenzise i-BFAS kolu phando kunye neengcebiso zoncwadi; Nksz Buthaina M. Baqir kuguqulelo lwesiArabhu; Bonke abafundi abathathe inxaxheba koluvavanyo; kwaye, ekugqibeleni, abahlaziyi abangaziwayo bohlobo lwangaphambili lweli phepha ngezimvo zabo.

Imihlathi

UKUGQUBANA KWEMIDLA

Umbhali akabhengeza nakuphi na ukungqubana komdla.

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