Umfanekiso: Abasebenzisi beCocaine babonisa imisebenzi ephantsi kwi-cortex ye-orbitofrontal cortex
Abasebenzisi be-cocaine rhoqo baneengxaki ekuveleleni abanye abantu kwaye babonisa ukuziphatha okungaphantsi komsebenzi. Uphononongo kwiSibhedlele seZengqondo zeYunivesithi yaseZurich ngoku ucebisa ukuba abasebenzisi be-cocaine baneentsilelo zentlalo kuba oonxibelelwano bezenhlalakahle ababazuzisi kakhulu kubo. Ngoko ke izakhono zentlalo kufuneka ziqeqeshe ngethuba lokunyangwa kwe-cocaine.
EYurophu nakwihlabathi lonke, i-cocaine yilezi zilwanyana ezisisigxina esisetyenziswa rhoqo emva kwe-cannabis. Abasebenzisi be-cocaine abangapheliyo babonakalisa ukusetyenziswa kwememori embi, ubunzima bokuxininisa, kunye neengxaki zokunqongophala kodwa nabo izakhono zentlalo ezichaphazelekayo njengezifundo zangaphambilini kwiSibhedlele seZengqondo zeYunivesithi yaseZurich ziphakanyisiwe. Olu phando luye lwabonisa ukuba abasebenzisi be-cocaine banengxaki yokuthatha ingqondo ngabanye, babonise ukuvalelwa kancinci kwengqondo, bakuthola kunzima ukuqonda iimvakalelo ezivela kumazwi, baziphathe ngendlela engaphantsi kwintsebenziswano yentlalontle, kwaye baxela abathintana nabo. Ngaphezu koko, ukuvakalelwa kabuhlungu komzimba kwakunxulumene nentsebenziswano encinci yentlalo. Izazinzulu ngoku zicinga ukuba ukulahlekelwa kweengxaki zoluntu kugalelo ekuphuhliseni nasekuqhubekeni umlutha we-cocaine.
Kuphando lwabo lwangoku lupapashwe kwi Iinkqubo ze-National Academy of Sciences, iingcali zeengqondo zikaKatrin Preller noBris Quednow, iNtloko yeCandelo loPhando kunye neClinikiPharmacopsychology kwiSibhedlele seZengqondo zeYunivesithi yaseZurich, igqiba ukuba intlalontle Izakhono zabasebenzisi be-cocaine zingachazwa ngempendulo ephosakeleyo kwingxowa yoluntu.
Intsebenziswano yentlalontle ayinomvuzo omncinci
Iqela lophando libonakalise ukuba abasebenzisi becocaine babone ukuba bajoyine ingqalelo-ekwabelwana ngayo kugxilwe kubantu ababini kwinto emva koqhakamshelwano lokujonga-njengokuvuza okuncinci xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo lweziyobisi olusempilweni. Kuvavanyo lokucinga olusebenzayo olulandelayo babonisa ukuba abasebenzisi becocaine babonakalise ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yomvuzo-oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-medial orbitofrontal cortex -ngeli xesha lokunxibelelana kwezentlalo. Into enomdla kukuba, ukusebenza okubuthathaka kwe-medial orbitofrontal cortex ngexesha lokunxibelelana kwamehlo ekuhlaleni kwakuhambelana nokunxibelelana nabantu abambalwa kwezi veki zidlulileyo. UQuednow uyacacisa: "Abasebenzisi beCocaine babona ukutshintshiselana kwezentlalo njengezinto ezintle kwaye ezinomvuzo xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangazisebenzisiyo ezi zinto zivuselelayo".
Njengoko kuphakanyiswe ngu-Preller no-Quednow, olo tshintsho lomsebenzi wengqondo lunokunceda ukucacisa ukuba kutheni kuxhomekeke kuyo abasebenzisi be-cocaine uhlala usilela ukuyeka ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ngaphandle kokuvela kweziphumo ezibi zentlalo ezinje ngeengxaki zosapho, ukulahleka kwabahlobo okanye ingqesho. Ukuncitshiswa komvuzo ngexesha lokunxibelelana kwezentlalo kunokucacisa ukuba kutheni uninzi lwabantu abaxhomekeke kwi-cocaine bekhululekile kunxibelelwano lwentlalo ngexesha lomsebenzi wabo weziyobisi, ekunokuthi kube negalelo kulondolozo lweziyobisi. Ngenxa yokuba umvuzo wentlalontle ubalulekile kunyango lwengqondo olunempumelelo, u-Preller noQuednow bacebisa: “Izakhono zentlalo, ezinje ngovelwano, ukuthatha umbono, kunye ukuziphatha ngokwemvelo, kufuneka baqeqeshe ngexesha lonyango kuxhomekeke kwi-cocaine ukomeleza ukusebenza nokunyanga konyango ”.
Iinkcukacha ezithe xaxe: UKatrin H. Preller, uMarcus Herdener, uLenhard Schilbach, uPhilip Stämpfli, uLea M. Hulka, uMatias Vonmoos, uNina Ingold, uKai Vogeley, uPhilip N. Tobler, u-Erich Seifritz noBoris B. Quednow. Utshintsho olusebenzayo lwenkqubo yomvuzo lujongene neempendulo ezingenangqiqo kumbono wentlalo kubasebenzisi be-cocaine. PNAS. NgoJanuwari 20, 2014. INGXELO: 10.1073 / pnas.1317090111
Inkcazelo: Iinkqubo ze-National Academy of Sciences 
;