QAPHELA i-2016: Ukuhlaziywa okuphelele kakhulu kwezimangalo nezifundo zikaJoshua Grubbs kungatholakala lapha - Ngabe amaGrubbs adonsa uboya emehlweni ethu ngocwaningo lwakhe "olubonakalayo lokuba umlutha we-porn"? (2016)
QAPHELA i-2017: Ucwaningo olusha (UFernandez et al., 2017) ihlolwe futhi yahlaziywa i-CPUI-9, uhlu lwemibuzo okuthiwa "lubonwa ukulutha kwezithombe zocansi" olwenziwe nguJoshua Grubbs, futhi lwathola ukuthi alunakuhlola ngokunembile "umlutha wangempela wezocansi" or “Umlutha wezocansi obonakalayo” (Ingabe i-Cyber Pornography isebenzisa izibalo ze-Inventory-9 Ebonisa ukunyanzeliseka okwenziwe kuyi-Internet Ezingcolile zobulili? Ukuhlola Umsebenzi Wokuziqeda). Iphinde yathola ukuthi i-1/3 yemibuzo ye-CPUI-9 kufanele ishiywe ukubuyisa imiphumela evumayo ehlobene "nokungavumi kokuziphatha", "inkolo", kanye "namahora wokusetshenziswa kocansi." Okutholakele kuphakamisa ukungabaza okuphawulekayo mayelana neziphetho ezithathwe kunoma yiluphi ucwaningo olusebenzise i-CPUI-9 noma luthembele ezifundweni eziyisebenzisile. Eziningi zezinto ezikhathazayo kanye nokugxekwa kwesifundo esisha kufana nalokhu okuchazwe kulokhu kubanzi I-YBOP ihlaziya.
QAPHELA i-2018: Ucezu lwepropaganda oluzenza into okuthiwa ukubuyekezwa nguGrubbs, uSamuel Perry, uRory Reid noJoshua Wilt - Ukucwaninga Kugcizelela Ama-Grubbs, Perry, Wilt, Reid Ukubuyekezwa yi-Disingenuous ("Izinkinga Zobulili Ezingcolile Ngenxa Yokungaziphathi Kokuziphatha: Imodeli Ehlanganisiwe Yokubuyekezwa Okuhlelekile Ne-Meta-Analysis") 2018.
QAPHELA i-2019: UJoshua Grubbs ukuqinisekisile ukukhetha kwakhe ngokweqile kwe-ajenda ngesikhathi ejoyina ababambisene nabo uNicole Prause, uMarty Klein noDavid Ley ngokuzama ukuthulisa YourBrainOnPorn.com. AmaGrubbs kanye abanye “ochwepheshe” be-pro-porn ku-www.realyourbrainonporn.com bahlanganyela ukwephulwa komthetho wophawu olungekho emthethweni kanye nokuphamba. AmaGrubbs yathunyelwa incwadi yokuyeka futhi yenqabe, ezazinganakwa. Izenzo zomthetho ziyaqhubeka nokulandelelwa.
QAPHELA i-2019: Ekugcineni, uGrubbs akazange ancike kowakhe Insimbi ye-CPUI-9. I-CPUI-9 ihlanganisa i-3 "yecala lephuzo kanye nehlazo / ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo" hhayi evame ukutholakala ezinkalweni zomlutha - futhi obheka imiphumela yayo, okwenza abasebenzisi bezithombe zobulili ezingcolile bathole amaphuzu aphezulu nabangewona enkolo ukuthola amaphuzu aphansi kunalokho okwenziwa yizinsimbi ezijwayelekile zokuhlola umlutha. Esikhundleni salokho, Ucwaningo olusha lukaGrubbs libuze imibuzo emi-2 eqondile yebo / cha yabasebenzisi be-porn ("Ngikholelwa ukuthi nginomlutha wezithombe ezingcolile ze-intanethi. ""Ngangizibiza ngokuthi umlutha we-pornography we-intanethi. ”). Ngokuphikisana ngqo nezimangalo zakhe zangaphambili, uDkt Grubbs nethimba lakhe locwaningo bathole ukuthi ukholelwa ukuthi ungumlutha wokuhlobana ne-porn ngokuqinile namahora nsuku zonke wokusebenzisa izithombe zocansi, hhayi ngenkolo.
QAPHELA i-2020: Umcwaningi ongagxiliwe uM Mateuz Gola uhlanganyele neGrubbs. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa i-CPUI-9 ye-Grubbs engene kahle, ucwaningo lusebenzise umbuzo owodwa: "Ngikholelwa ukuthi ngiyisidakwa sezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi“. Lokhu kuholele ekuhlobaneni okuncane noma okungekho phakathi kokukholwa nokuzikhohlisa. Bona: Ukuhlola Izinkinga Zobulili Ezingcolile Ngenxa Yemodeli Yokuziphatha Okungalungile (2019)
I-CRITIQUE
Nazi ezimbalwa zezihloko ezivela kuwo lolu cwaningo olusha uJoshua B. Grubbs, uNicolas Stauner, uJulie J. Exline, uKenneth I. Isigungu, noMathewu J. Lindberg (Grubbs et al., 2015):
- I-Psychology Research Links Iziphazamiso Ezibonakala Ngokweqile Umlutha Wezithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile
- Ukubuka i-Porn kulungile. Ukukholelwa Emlonyeni Wezinshubezi Akuyona
- Umlutha Obonakalayo Ezingcolile Kuyizingozi Kakhulu Kunezithombe Zizisebenzise
- Ukukholelwa Ukuba Unomlutha Wezinsizi Ungumphumela Wenkinga Yakho Yezinsizi, Okufundwayo Okufundwayo
Empeleni isimangalo esiyinhloko sesifundo kubikwa ukuthi: “ukubonwa njengomlutha” wezithombe zocansi kuhlobene kakhulu nokucindezeleka kwengqondo kunalokho zamanje amahora wokubuka izithombe ezingcolile zobulili. Isiqephu esivela kwesinye sezihloko ezingenhla:
Ucwaningo olusha emaphephandabeni i-Psychology of Addictive Behaviors lithole ukuthi ukulutha okubonakalayo kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile-okungukuthi, "ukuzwa umlutha wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyi-Internet kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zisebenza kanjani" -zihlobene nezinhlobo zokucindezeleka kwengqondo kuhlanganise nokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, intukuthelo nokucindezeleka . Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zizisebenzisa, abalobi abazitholile, "kwakungahambisani nokucindezeleka kwengqondo."
Ngenkathi lesisho esingenhla siqukethe ukungalungi esizokuhlola, ake sikuthathe ngokwezibalo. Umfundi usala nombono wokuthi ukusetshenziswa kocansi akusiyona inkinga enkulu, kodwa "ukukholelwa" ukuthi ungumlutha wezocansi kuzokubangela ukucindezeleka kwengqondo. Ukususa: Kuphilile ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa i-porn inqobo nje uma ungakholelwa ukuthi ungumlutha.
Isimangalo sikaGrubbs et al, nazo zonke izihloko ezisematheni, zakhiwe kulokhu okutholakele: Amahora ezinto ezenziwa manje ezisebenzisa i-porn awazange ahlangane ngokwanele (ngokombono wabacwaningi abazithobayo) ngezikolo kuhlu lwemibuzo esebenzisa i-porn kaGrubbs (i-Cyber Izithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile Zisebenzisa “CPUI” Yokusungula). Ukubeka ngenye indlela, uma umlutha we-porn ubukhona ngempela "kufanele", ngokombono wabalobi, ubudlelwano bomuntu nomuntu phakathi kwamahora okusetshenziswa kwamanje nezikolo ku-CPUI. Grubbs et al. futhi kubikwe ukuthi "ukucindezeleka kwengqondo" kwakuhlobene nezikolo ku-CPUI, kodwa hhayi ngokuhlobene kakhulu namahora amanje okusetshenziswa.
Nayi into: Akunasisekelo neze sesayensi sokumemezela i-CPUI ngezinga elithile “kuqondwe umlutha, ”kodwa-ke yilokho zonke izihloko ezigcwele umoya ezihlala kuzo! I-CPUI ayikaze iqinisekiswe "ngokubonakalayo" ngokungafani nokulutha "kwangempela".
Ukuze izimangalo nokuhumusha kukaGrubbs et al kusebenze, KONKE okulandelayo kufanele kube yiqiniso futhi kusekelwe ngocwaningo lwangempela:
I-1) i I-Cyber Pornography Sebenzisa Inventory (CPUI) kumele ihlole "ukubonwa njengomlutha" we-porn kodwa hhayi umlutha wangempela wezocansi.
- UGrubbs uqobo wakhe i-9-item CPUI njengeqoqo lezinkinga ze-inthanethi eziku-inthanethi, hhayi ukuhlolwa "okubonakalayo kokulutha umlutha". Lapha wakhetha ukuwusebenzisa esikhundleni sezinye izivivinyo eziqinisekisiwe zokulutha, ngokunembile ukudala inkohliso yokuthi angalinganisa "umlutha obonakalayo" kunokuba umlutha. Eqinisweni, i-CPUI ilinganisa izimpawu, izimpawu nezinkomba ezifanayo zokulutha njengokwenza izivivinyo zokulutha okujwayelekile.
- Esifundweni samanje, uGrubbs et al. sebenzisa ibinzana elithi “umlutha wezocansi obonwayo” ngokufana namaphuzu aphelele ezihloko ku-CPUI, ngaphandle kwesizathu sesayensi.
2) Ukulutha kwezidakamizwa ze-intanethi kufanele kube namahora afanayo wokubuka izithombe ze-porn.
- Lokhu kunqatshwa yizincwadi zesayensi. Ukulutha kwezidakamizwa ze-inthanethi ≠ amahora wokubuka izithombe ezingcolile.
- Ngokumangazayo, i-Grubbs et al. ukutadisha kubonisa ukuthi empeleni kwakukhona ukulungiswa okuqinile phakathi kwamahora asetshenziswayo kanye ne-CPUI! Kusuka ku-p. I-6 yocwaningo:
“Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zansuku zonke zisebenzisa amahora kwaba ngokuphawulekayo futhi ngokuqondile kuhlobene nokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, nentukuthelo, kanye nokunye ukulutha umlutha. "
Ngokuphathelene nephuzu lokuqala, uGrubbs wakha eyakhe i-questionnaire yokulutha umlutha wezocansi (CPUI), kwathi kamuva wamemezela ngokungananazi ukuthi ilinganisa kuphela "ukulutheka okubonakalayo kwezocansi" - ngaphandle kokukhombisa noma yisiphi isizathu sokuvuselelwa kabusha kwakhe. (Ngempela!)
Mayelana nephuzu lesibili, amaqembu wangaphambilini ocwaningo athole ukuthi "amahora wokusetshenziswa" ahlukahlukene awahambelani nokulutha kocansi lwe-inthanethi (noma ukulutha kwemidlalo yevidiyo). Okusho ukuthi, ukulutha umlutha kubikezelwa ngokunembile ngezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo kune "amahora okusetshenziswa." Lokho kusho, njengoba ubona kulesi sicashunwa esingenhla, uGrubbs empeleni uthole ukuhlangana okuphawulekayo phakathi kwamahora okusetshenziswa nokucindezeleka kwengqondo.
Sizobheka imininingwane yokuthi kungani ukucabanga kukaGrubbs et al.kungelona iqiniso futhi kungasekelwa ngezansi, kepha nansi indlela abacwaningi ababengakuchaza ngayo abakutholile ngaphandle kokukhohlisa umphakathi:
"Ucwaningo luthola ukuthi izici ezithile zokulutha umlutha wezocansi zihlobene kakhulu nokucindezeleka kwengqondo futhi azihlobene kakhulu (kodwa namanje) ezihlobene nesikhathi samanje sokusetshenziswa."
Umbhalo wezintambo: Umlutha uhlobene nokucindezeleka kwengqondo, ngakho-ke amahora okusetshenziswa. Okuningi kakhulu kwezingqungquthela zokunakekelwa, ezidukisayo ezivela ekutadisheni.
I-CPUI ayihloli noma yikuphi ukubheja kocansi, noma "ukulutha kocansi okubonakalayo"
In Iphepha lokuqala lika-Grubbs lika-2010 uqinisekisile imibuzo yakhe engama-43 ethi I-Cyber-Pornography Sebenzisa Inventory (CPUI) njengemibuzo ehlola izici ezithile zangempela ukulutha kocansi, ngenkathi ehlola izici ezingahlobene nokulutha (imibuzo yecala nehlazo). Ukhiye kithi ukuthi akukho ndawo ephepheni lika-2010 lapho esebenzisa khona ibinzana elithi "umlutha obonakalayo". Izingcaphuno ezivela ephepheni lokuqala likaGrubbs eliqinisekisa ukuthi i-CPUI yakhe ihlola kuphela ukuluthwa kocansi okungokoqobo:
Amamodeli achazwe ngaphambilini ahlongozelwa ukuqonda ukulutha kokuziphatha kwakuyizinto zokucabanga eziyinhloko ezazisetshenziselwa ukuthola insimbi yalolu cwaningo, i-Cyber-Pornography Use Inventory (CPUI), eyenziwe ngemuva kwe-Internet Sex Screening Test eyenziwe nguDelmonico (Delmonico & Griffin, 2008) . Tumklamo we-CPUI wawususelwe ekutheni ukuziphatha komlutha kubonakala ukungakwazi ukuyeka ukuziphatha, imiphumela emibi kakhulu ngenxa yendlela yokuziphatha, nokukhathazeka okujwayelekile ngokuziphatha (UDelmonico noMiller, 2003).
I-CPUI ibonisa ngempela isithembiso njengesixhobo sokuhlola ukulutha kwezidakamizwa ze-Internet. Njengoba izinsimbi zangaphambilini, njenge-ISST, zihlole kuphela ukulutha kocansi okuxhunyiwe ku-intanethi, lesi sikali senze isibonakaliso sokwethenjelwa ekuhloleni ngokuqondile ukubheja kocansi kwe-Internet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezisezingeni elichazwe ngaphambilini le-Addictive Patterns zibonakala zithola ezinye zezinga lokusekelwa kwezemfundiso kanye nokwakhiwa okusemandleni okuqhathaniswa uma kuqhathaniswa ne-diagnostic criteria kokubili Ukuxhomeka Kwemithi Nokugembula Kwemfuyo, i-ICD.
Okokugcina, izinto ezinhlanu ezilinganisweni ze-Addictive Patterns kusukela esikalweni sokuqala sokucindezelwa kubonakala sengathi zithinta ngokuqondile kulowo muntu owaziwayo noma ukungakwazi ukuyeka ukuziphatha abakwenzayo. Ukungakwazi ukuyeka ukuziphatha okunenkinga ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo akuyona nje umgomo obalulekile wokuxilongwa we-SD no-PG, kodwa futhi ungacatshangwa njengenye yezinto ezisemqoka kokubili ukulutha, njengoba kubonakaliswe ku-SD, nama-ICD (i-Dixon et i-al., i-2007; i-Pontenza, i-2006). Kubonakala sengathi lokhu kungakwazi ukudala ukukhubazeka.
Phakathi ku Ucwaningo lwe-2013 I-Grubbs inciphise inani lemibuzo ye-CPUI kusuka ku-43 kuye ku-9, futhi iphinde yanika amandla ukuhlolwa kwakhe kwezilonda zocansi "ukuhlolwa kokubona ukulutha kocansi". Wenze kanjalo ngaphandle kwencazelo, ngenkathi esebenzisa ibinzana elithi "ukubonwa njengomlutha" izikhathi ezingama-80 ephepheni le-2013. Masibe sobala - I-Grubbs ayizange iqinisekise i-CPUI yakhe njengethuluzi lokuhlola elihlukanisa umlutha wangempela we-porn kusuka "ekubonakaleni kwezilonda zocansi".
Kungani uJoshua Grubbs aqamba kabusha i-CPUI isivivinyo somlutha wezocansi "esibonwayo"?
Ngenkathi uGrubbs ngokwakhe engashongo ukuthi isivivinyo sakhe singahle sihlolwe kusukela ekuluthekeni kwangempela, ukuqashwa kwakhe kwegama elidukisayo ("ukubonwa njengomlutha") kwamaphuzu kuthuluzi lakhe le-CPUI-9 kuholele abanye ukuthi bathathe insimbi yakhe inempahla yomlingo yokukwazi ukubandlulula phakathi kokulutha "okubonakalayo" kanye "kwangempela". Lokhu sekwenze umonakalo omkhulu emkhakheni wokuhlolwa kwezilonda zocansi ngoba abanye bathembela emaphepheni akhe njengobufakazi bokuthile abangakwenzi, futhi abangakwazi ukukuletha. Akukho sivivinyo esikhona esingahlukanisa umlutha “wangempela” nokulutha “okubonwayo”. Ukumaka nje ngaleyo ndlela akunakwenza kube njalo.
UJoshua Grubbs uthe nge-imeyili ukuthi umbuyekezi wesifundo sakhe sesibili se-CPUI-9 kubangele yena kanye nabanye ababambisene nabo besifundo se-2013 ukuthi bashintshe igama elithi "umlutha wezocansi" le-CPUI-9 (ngoba umbuyekezi waklolodela "ukwakha" yokulutha kocansi). Kungakho uGrubbs eguqule incazelo yakhe yesivivinyo yaba “kuqondwe umlutha wocansi ”uhlu lwemibuzo. Empeleni umbuyekezi / umhleli ongaziwa kulo magazini owodwa uqalise ilebula engasekelwa, edukisayo ka “kuqondwe umlutha wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile. ” I-CPUI ayikaze iqinisekiswe njengokuhlukana kokuhlola kokuhlola umlutha wangempela wezocansi kusuka ku- “ukubhekwa kwezidakamizwa ezingcolile.“Nanka amaGrubbs tweeting ngale nqubo, kufaka phakathi ukuphawula kombuyekezi:
Ephepheni lami le-1 mayelana nokusetshenziswa kocansi okuphoqelela: "Lokhu kwakha [umlutha wezocansi] kunengqondo ukulinganisa njengezinto zokubanjwa ngokungemthetho: akunangqondo."
UNicole R Prause, PhD @NicoleRPrause
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Josh Grubbs @JoshuaGrubbsPhD Jula 14
Eqinisweni ukuthi yini eyenza umsebenzi wami wokuqeda umlutha, ngacabanga ngemibono njengoba ibuyekezwe ukugxila.
Ingemuva kuJosh Grubbs CPUI-9 nokuthi ihlukumeza kabi kanjani imiphumela
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule uDkt. Joshua Grubbs uye wabhala uchungechunge lwezifundo ezihlanganisa ukusebenzisana kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile, amahora okusebenzisa izithombe ezingcolile, ukungahloniphi kokuziphatha, nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ngezibalo ku-questionnaire yezinto zakhe ze-9 "I-Cyber Pornography Sebenzisa Inventory" (CPUI- I-9). Ngesinqumo esingavamile esiholela ekungaqondani okuningi kokuthola kwakhe, uDkt Grubbs ibhekisela kumaphuzu angu-CPUI-9 wezikhonzi zakhe njenge "ukubonwa ukulahla izithombe zobulili ezingcolile."Lokhu kunikeza umbono wamanga wokuthi insimbi yakhe ye-CPUI-9 ibonisa ngandlela-thile ukuthi ngabe isihloko" sibona "singumlutha (kunokuba sibe ngumlutha empeleni umlutha). Kodwa akukho thuluzi elingakwenza lokho, futhi ngokuqinisekile akulona lo.
Ukusho ngenye indlela, inkulumo ethi "ukubona ukulutha kobulili ezingcolile" ayikhombisi lutho kunombalo: amaphuzu aphelele ku-9-item pornography-sebenzisa imibuzo yemibuzo enezinkinga ezintathu ezithandanayo mayelana necala nelesihlamba. Awuhlungi ukolweni kumakhoba ngokwemibandela kuqondwe vs. okuqotho umlutha. Futhi i-CPUI-9 ayihlole okwangempela umlutha wezocansi.
Isigaba sokucatshungulwa kocansi
- Ngikholelwa ukuthi ngiyisidakwa sezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi.
- Ngizizwa ngingakwazi ukuyeka ukusebenzisa kwami izithombe ezingcolile zobulili.
- Ngisho nalapho ngingathandi ukubuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyi-intanethi, ngizizwa ngidonsela kuso
Isigaba Semizamo Yokufinyelela
- Ngezinye izikhathi, ngizama ukuhlela isimiso sami ukuze ngibe ngedwa ukuze ngibheke izithombe zobulili ezingcolile.
- Ngenqabe ukuphuma nabangani noma ukuya eminye imisebenzi yomphakathi ukuze ngithole ithuba lokubuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile.
- Ngiye ngaqeda izinto ezibalulekile ukuze ngibuke izithombe ezingcolile.
Ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo Isigaba
- Nginamahloni ngemva kokubuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyi-intanethi.
- Ngicindezelekile ngemva kokubuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyi-intanethi.
- Ngizizwa ngigula ngemva kokubuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyi-intanethi.
Njengoba ubona, i-CPUI-9 ayikwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokulutha komlutha we-porn kanye "nenkolelo" ekuluthweni kocansi. Izihloko azikaze zizibambe ngokuthi zizilutha zobulili ezingcolile kunoma yisiphi isifundo se-Grubbs. Bamane baphendula imibuzo ye-9 ngenhla, futhi bathola amaphuzu aphelele.
Yiziphi izixhumanisi okwenziwa yizifundo zikaGrubbs ngempela? Inani eliphelele le-CPUI-9 lihlobene nokukholwa (njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla), kodwa futhi okuhlobene "namahora wezinhlelo zobulili ezingcolile ezibukwa ngesonto ngalinye." Kwezinye i-Grubbs ufunda ukulungiswa okunamandla phakathi kwekolo nenani eliphelele le-CPUI-9 ("okubonwa ukubheja kocansi") kwabanye ukulungiswa okunamandla kwenzeke ngamahora wokusetshenziswa kocansi kanye nama-CPUI-9 amanani amaningi ("okubonwa ukubheja kocansi").
Abezindaba bazinakekele ukutholakala kokugcina futhi babamba ukuhlangana phakathi kwezinkolo nezinkolo eziphelele ze-CPUI-9 (manje ebizwa ngokusobala ngokuthi "umlutha obonakalayo"), futhi kule nqubo izintatheli zenza okutholakala ukuthi "abantu benkolo kuphela Kholwa banomlutha wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile. "Abezindaba banganaki ukulungiswa okulingana nokuqina phakathi kwamaqhinga we-CPUI-9 namahora okusetshenziswa kocansi, futhi baphonsa ama-athikili angalungile afana nalokhu okuthunyelwe ngebhulogi nguDavid Ley: Ukukholelwa Kwenu Ngomlutha Wezithombe Uzenza Izinto Zibi Kakhulu: Ilebuli ye "umlutha wezocansi" ibangela ukucindezeleka kodwa ukubuka i-porn akusho. Nansi incazelo kaLey engalungile yocwaningo lwe-Grubbs CPUI-9:
Uma othile ekholelwa ukuthi bangumlutha wezocansi, le nkolelo yabikezela ukuhlupheka okungezansi kwengqondo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuncane kangakanani, noma ngabe kuncane kangakanani, okwakuboniswa yi-porn.
Ukususa izimpendulo ezingalungile zikaLey, umusho ongenhla uzofunda ngokunembile: "Amaphuzu aphezulu ku-CPUI-9 ahambisana nezibalo kumbuzo wokucindezeleka kwengqondo (ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, intukuthelo)." Yikuphi okuvame ukuba yimuphi umbuzo wemibuzo yokulutha. Isibonelo, amaphuzu aphezulu ekubhaliseni i-questionnaire yokusebenzisa utshwala ahambisana namazinga aphezulu okucindezeleka kwengqondo. Ukumangala okukhulu.
Isihluthulelo kuzo zonke izimangalo ezingathandabuzwayo nokuhlanganisana okungaqondakali: imibuzo Yokucindezeleka Ngokomzwelo (i-7-9) yenza abasebenzisi bezithombe ezingcolile bezenkolo bathole abasebenzisi bezithombe ezingcolile eziphakeme kakhulu nabezwe ukuze bathole amaphuzu aphansi kakhulu, kanye nokwakha ukuhlangana okuqinile phakathi "kokungavunyelwa kokuziphatha" kanye nenani eliphelele le-CPUI-9 ("ukubonwa ukulutha kocansi" ).
Ukubeka ngenye indlela, uma usebenzisa kuphela imiphumela esuka ku-CPUI-9 imibuzo 1-6 (ehlola izimpawu nezimpawu ze-an okwangempela umlutha), ukusebenzisana kuyashintsha ngokuphawulekayo - futhi zonke izihloko ezingathandabuzeki ezibiza amahloni yiyona "engokoqobo" imbangela yokulutha kwezilonda ezingcolile akukaze kubhalwa.
Ukubheka ukuxhumana okumbalwa okuvezayo, ake sisebenzise idatha kusuka ephepheni le-2015 Grubbs ("Ukuguquka njengesiyaluyalu: Ukwethembeka nokuziphatha okungavumelani njengababikezeli bokulimala okubonakalayo ku-Pornography"). Iqukethe izifundo ezihlukene ze-3 kanye nesihloko sayo esicasulayo sikhombisa ukuthi inkolo nokungafuni ukuziphatha "kubangela" inkolelo yokulutha kobulili ezingcolile.
Amathiphu okuqonda izinombolo etafuleni: i-zero isho ukuthi akukho ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kwezinguquko ezimbili; I-1.00 isho ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele phakathi kwezinguquko ezimbili. Okukhudlwana inombolo inamandla kakhulu ukulungiswa phakathi kwezinguquko ze-2.
Kulesi silungiselelo sokuqala sibona indlela ukuziphatha okungavumelani ngayo kuhambisana kakhulu ne-3 imibuzo yokwehliswa kanye nehlazo (ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo), okwamanje buthakathaka nezinye izigaba ezimbili ezihlola ukulutha kwangempela (imibuzo 1-6). Imibuzo yokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo ibangela ukungamukeleki kokuziphatha ukuba yiyona ndlela eqinile kunazo zonke izilinganiso eziphelele ze-CPUI-9 ("ukulutha okubonakalayo").
Kodwa uma sisebenzisa kuphela imibuzo yangempela yokulutha izidakamizwa (1-6), ukulungiswa kuhle kakhulu ngokungahambisani nokuziphatha (ekukhulumeni kwesayensi, ukungahambisani nokuziphatha kuyisimo esibucayi sokulutha kabi kocansi).
Ingxenye yesibili yendaba ukuthi indlela efanayo ye-3 Yokucindezeleka Emotional ihambisana kanjani kabi namazinga okusebenzisa i-porn, kuyilapho imibuzo yangempela yobulili obudakamizwa (1-6) ihambisana ngokuqinile namazinga okusebenzisa i-porn.
Yileyo ndlela indlela imibuzo ye-3 Yokucindezeleka Emotional ihlaziya imiphumela. Iholela ekunciphisaniseni okuphakathi kwe "amahora wokusetshenziswa kocansi" kanye nezinombolo eziphelele ze-CPUI-9 ("ukulutha okubonakalayo"). Okulandelayo, inani eliphelele lazo zonke izingxenye ze-3 zohlolo lwe-CPUI-9 zibizwa kabusha ngokuthi "ukulutha okubonakalayo" yi-Grubbs. Khona-ke, ezandleni ezishoshovu zokulwa nezidakamizwa eziphikisana nocansi, "ukulutha okubonakalayo" kusho ukuthi "ukuzibonakalisa njengomlutha wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile." Abashayeli bezombusazwe baye baxhuma ekuxhumaneni okuqinile ngokungahambisani nokuziphatha, okuyinto i-CPUI-9 njalo ikhiqiza, futhi presto! Manje bathi, "inkolelo yokulutha kabi kwezocansi ayiyona nje into ehlazo!"
Yindlu yamakhadi okwakhiwe ngombuzo we-3 onecala futhi onamahloni awutholakali kunoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa kokulutha umlutha, ngokuhambisana negama elidukisayo umdali wemibuzo osebenzisayo ukubiza imibuzo yakhe ye-9 (njengesilinganiso "sobulili obungcolile obubonakalayo").
Indlu yamakhadi we-CPUI-9 yawela phansi ngokucwaninga kwe-2017 okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi i-CPUI-9 ibe yinto yokuhlola noma "ukubhekwa kobulili ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile" noma ukulutha kobulili ezingcolile: Ingabe i-Cyber Pornography isebenzisa izibalo ze-Inventory-9 Ebonisa ukunyanzeliseka okwenziwe kuyi-Internet Ezingcolile zobulili? Ukuhlola Umsebenzi Wokuziqeda. Kuphinde kutholakale ukuthi i-1 / 3 yemibuzo ye-CPUI-9 kufanele ivumelekile ukubuyisela imiphumela evumelekile ehlobene nokuthi "ukuphikisana nokuziphatha," "inkolo," namahora "okusetshenziswa kocansi." Ubona zonke izingcaphuno eziyinhloko lapha, kodwa UFernandez et al., 2018 ihlanganisa izinto phezulu:
Okwesibili, ukutholakala kwethu kubeka ukungabaza ngokufaneleka kokufakwa kwe-Emotional Distress subscale njengengxenye ye-CPUI-9. Njengoba kutholakala njalo kwizifundo eziningi (isib. Grubbs et al., 2015a, c), ukutholakala kwethu kwabonisa nokuthi imvamisa yokusebenzisa i-IP yayingenabo ubudlelwane nezikolo zokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, ukuphoqeleka kwangempela njengoba kucatshangelwa esifundweni samanje (ukuhluleka ukuzigwema ukuzithiba x ukuzama ukuzikhandla) kwakungekho ubudlelwane nezikolo zokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo.
Izimo zokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo zazibikezelwe ngokukhululeka kokuziphatha, ngokuhambisana nezifundo zangaphambilini ezathola ukuhlangana okukhulu phakathi kwalaba ababili (Grubbs et al., 2015a; Wilt et al., 2016) .... Ngakho-ke, ukungena kwe-Emotional Distress subscale njengengxenye ye-CPUI-9 ingase ibambe imiphumela ngendlela efakazela inani eliphelele lokulutha kwezidakamizwa zabasebenzisi be-IP abangafuni ukuziphatha kabi kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile, futhi bahlukumeza inani eliphelele lokulahla i-IP abasebenzisi abanezikolo eziphezulu eziveziwe zokuphoqa, kodwa ukungafuni ukuziphatha kabi kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-subscale yokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo isekelwe esilinganisweni sokuqala sokuthi "Isibopho" esasetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi nabantu abakholwayo (Grubbs et al., 2010), kanye nesevisi yayo nabangewona onkolo abahlala bengenakuqinisekiswa ngenxa yokuthola okulandelayo ehlobene nalesi sikali.
Nakhu the Ukuthola okuyisisekelo: Imibuzo ye-3 "Insizi Yokucindezeleka" awunayo indawo ku-CPUI-9, noma yimuphi umbuzo wezinkinga zokulutha udoti. Le mibuzo yecala neyihlazo yenza hhayi hlola ukucindezeleka okuzungezile ukusetshenziswa komshuwalense wokulutha noma "ukubhekwa komlutha." Le mibuzo ye-3 imane ifaka izibalo eziphelele ze-CPUI-9 kubantu abangokwenkolo ngenkathi ihlukanisa izikolo ezingu-CPUI-9 ezingamanga ezidakamizwa ezingcolile.
Ngokufingqiwe, iziphetho kanye nezicelo ezenziwe yi-CPUI-9 azivumelekile. UJoshuwa Grubbs wadala uhlu lwemibuzo engenakukwazi, futhi akukaze kuqinisekiswe, ukuhlunga "okubonwayo" kusuka ekulweni komlutha wangempela: i-CPUI-9. Nge ukulungiswa kwesayensi kwesayensi he iphinde ibhalwe phansi i-CPUI-9 yakhe njengombuzo wokuhlola umlutha wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-CPUI-9 ihlanganisa ne-3 imibuzo engaphandle ehlola icala necala, Abasebenzisi be-porn labasebenzi be-CPUI-9 bavame ukukhishwa phezulu. Ukuba khona kwamazinga aphezulu we-CPUI-9 kwabasebenzisi bezithombe ezingokwenkolo kwakunikezwa abezindaba njengesimangalo esithi "abantu benkohliso bakholelwa ukuthi banomlutha wezocansi"Lokhu kwalandelwa izifundo eziningana ivumelanisa ukungahambisani nokuziphatha nge-CPUI-9 izikolo. Njengoba abantu bezenkolo njengeqembu bephezulu baphikisana nokuziphatha okubi, futhi (kanjalo) inani le-CPUI-9, kwachazwa (ngaphandle kokwesekwa kwangempela) lokho okungavumelani nokuziphatha okungokwenkolo yiyona weqiniso imbangela yokulutha kocansi. Lokho kuqhuma kakhulu, futhi akufanelekile njengendaba yesayensi.
Isethulo se-YouTube sidalula i-CPUI-9 nenkolelo ye "ukulutha okubonakalayo": Umlutha Wezithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile kanye Nomlutha Obonakalayo
Amahora amanje okusetshenziswa awahlobene nokulutha kwezidakamizwa
Isiphetho sikaGrubbs et al. Sisekelwe kakhulu esimeni esingalungile: Izinga lokulutha umlutha we-porn lihlolwe kangcono ngamahora wokubuka i-inthanethi nge-inthanethi. NjengoGrubbs et al. bengatholanga ukuhlangana okulingene (ngokwabo) ezifundweni zabo, baphetha ngokuthi izifundo zabo zimane nje “babona ukulutha” esikhundleni salokho. Izimbobo ezimbili ezinkulu endabeni zinikeza isimangalo sikaGrubbs et al kakhulu.
Njengoba kuchazwe ekuqaleni, umgodi wokuqala wokugaya wukuthi iGubbs et al. empeleni uthole ukulungiswa okunamandla okuhle phakathi kwamahora wokusebenzisa kanye ne-CPUI! Kusuka ku-p. I-6 yocwaningo:
“Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zansuku zonke zisebenzisa amahora kwaba ngokuphawulekayo futhi ngokuqondile kuhlobene nokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, nentukuthelo, kanye nokunye ukulutha umlutha. "
Misa imishini! Le ngcaphuno iphikisana ngqo nazo zonke izihloko zezindaba, ezithi ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile AKUKHO okuhlobene kakhulu nokucindezeleka kwengqondo noma "umlutha obonakalayo." Futhi, noma nini lapho ubona ibinzana elithi "ukubonwa njengomlutha" empeleni lisho amaphuzu aphelele ezihloko kwi-CPUI (okuyi-test drug addiction).
Ukusho konke lokhu ngenye indlela: Kokubili ukucindezeleka kwengqondo kanye nezibalo ze-CPUI zazihlobene kakhulu namahora wokusetshenziswa. Ingabe intatheli noma i-blogger ike yafunda isifundo sangempela?
Imbobo yesibili kulezi zisekelo zalolu cwaningo, ongashayela ngazo iloli, ngukuthi ucwaningo olusetshenziswa ku-inthanethi lwe-porn nokusetshenziswa kwevidiyo (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) ibike ukuthi akunjalo Ukuba umlutha wezithombe ihambisana namahora wokusetshenziswa. 'Ukusetshenziswa kwamahora' okuguquguqukayo kuyindlela engathembeki yokulutha, futhi amathuluzi wokuhlola okulutha ahlola ukulutha umlutha usebenzisa ezinye izinto eziningi (njengalezo ezisohlwini lwe-CPUI). Izifundo ezilandelayo zokulutha ngocansi nge-inthanethi, okushiywe nguGrubbs, zibika ubudlelwano obuncane phakathi kwamahora nezinkomba zokulutha:
"Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi izinkinga zokuzibika empilweni yansuku zonke exhumene nezenzo zocansi ezenziwa ku-inthanethi zabikezelwa ngokulinganisa okuvusa inkanuko kwezocansi, ubukhali bomhlaba wonke bezimpawu zengqondo, kanye nenani lezicelo zocansi ezisetshenziswa lapho usezingosini zocansi eziku-Internet empilweni yansuku zonke , ngenkathi isikhathi esichithwa kumasayithi ezocansi e-intanethi (amaminithi ngosuku) asizange ibambe iqhaza kakhulu ekuchazeni ukuhlukahluka ekuqhathanisweni kwe-Sex Testing System (IATsex). Sibona ukufana okukhona phakathi kwezinqubo zokuqonda nezobuchopho ezingaba nomthelela ekulondolozweni kobulili obenziwa ngokweqile ku-inthanethi nalokho okuchazwa kubantu abaphila ngokweqile. ”
“Okutholakele muva nje kukhombisile ukuhlangana phakathi kobukhali beCyberSex Addiction (CA) nezinkomba zokuthokozisa ngokocansi, nokuthi ukubhekana nokuziphatha ngokocansi kuxhumanise ubudlelwano phakathi kokuthokozela ngokocansi nezimpawu ze-CA. Imiphumela ikhombise ukuhlangana okuqinile phakathi kwezimpawu ze-CA nezinkomba zokuvusa ucansi nokuzijabulisa kocansi, ukubhekana nokuziphatha kocansi, nezimpawu zengqondo. I-CyberSex Addiction ayihlotshaniswa nokuziphatha okungaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi kanye nesikhathi sokusebenzisa i-inthanethi nge-cyber. "
Ngokusho kolwazi lwethu oluhle lolu cwaningo luhlolisisa ngokuqondile izinhlangano phakathi kobuningi bokusetshenziswa kocansi kanye nokuziphatha kwangempela kokufuna ukwelashwa okusetshenziselwa ukuhlukunyezwa kwezithombe ezingcolile (kulinganiswa njengokuvakashela isazi sengqondo, isazi sengqondo noma isazi sezocansi ngale njongo). Imiphumela yethu ibonisa ukuthi izifundo ezizayo, kanye nokwelapha, ku le nsimu kufanele igxile kakhulu emthethweni wokusetshenziswa kobulili ekuphileni komuntu ngamunye (ikhwalithi) kunokuba imvamisa nje (ubuningi), njengoba izimpawu ezingekho ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kocansi (kunokuba imvamisa yokusebenzisa i-porn) yiyona ndlela ephawulekayo yokwelapha -kuziphatha okuhle.
Ukuhlobana phakathi kwe-PU nezimpawu ezimbi kwakubalulekile futhi kuhanjiswe yizinkolelo zokuziphendulela ezizimele, ezithintekile (ukungabi nabampofu, okunciphisa okuncane) phakathi kwabafuna ukwelashwa. Phakathi kwalabo abafuna ukwelashwa inkolo ayihlobene nempawu ezimbi.
Amaphuzu aphezulu ezinyathelweni zokulutha kwe-intanethi ye-intanethi ahlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke noma ngaphezulu kwe-porn ye-intanethi. Nokho, imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi kwakungekho ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwenani kanye nemvamisa yokusetshenziswa kobulili ezingcolile komuntu futhi kunzima nokukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, nokuphila nokwaneliseka kobudlelwane. Ukubambisana okuphawulekayo kumazinga aphezulu e-addiction e-intanethi kuhlanganiswa kokuqala kokuboniswa kwe-intanethi, ukulutha kwemidlalo yevidiyo, nokuba yindoda. Ngenkathi eminye imiphumela emihle yokusebenzisa i-inthanethi ye-porn ibhaliwe ezincwadini ezedlule imiphumela yethu ayibonisi ukuthi ukusebenza kwengqondo nomphakathi kuyathuthuka ngokusetshenziswa okulingene noma okungajwayelekile kwe-inthanethi ye-porn.
Ngakho, kusukela ekuqaleni lolu cwaningo kanye neziqinisekiso zalo ziyawa ngoba iziphetho zalo zihlala phezu kokulinganisa amahora asetshenziswayo manje ngezinga lokulutha / izinkinga / ukucindezeleka okubikwe yizihloko njengendlela efanele yokulutha umlutha.
Kungani ochwepheshe bezidakamizwa benganciki emahoreni okusetshenziswa? Cabanga uzama ukuhlola ukulutha ngokubuza nje, "Mangaki amahora ochitha njengamanje udla (ukulutha kokudla)?" noma "Uchitha amahora amangaki ukugembula (ukugembula okungeziwe)?" noma "Uchitha amahora amangaki uphuza (utshwala)?" Ukukhombisa ukuthi amahora okusetshenziswa angaba nenkinga kanjani, cabanga ngotshwala njengesibonelo:
- Indoda yase-Italy eneminyaka engu-45 inesiko lokuphuza izibuko ze-2 zewayini njalo ebusuku ngedina. Ukudla kwakhe kunomndeni wakhe okwedlule futhi kuthatha amahora we-3 ukuqedela (eziningi ze-yakking). Ngakho uphuza amahora angu-3 ebusuku, ihora le-21 ngesonto.
- Isisebenzi sefektri esineminyaka engama-25 ubudala siphuza kuphela ngezimpelasonto, kodwa siphuza ngokweqile ngoLwesibili nangoMgqibelo ebusuku size sifike eqophelweni lokugula noma ukugula. Uyazisola ngesenzo sakhe futhi ufuna ukuyeka, kodwa akakwazi, ushayela edakiwe, alwe, unolaka ngokocansi, njll. Usebenzisa lonke iSonto elulama, futhi uzizwa sengathi uyinkosi kuze kube uLwesithathu. Kodwa-ke, wayechitha amahora ayisishiyagalombili kuphela ngesonto ephuza.
Yimuphi ophuzayo onenkinga? Kungakho "amahora asetshenziswayo njengamanje" eyedwa engeke asazise ukuthi ngubani ongumlutha nokuthi ngubani ongeyena.
Ekugcineni, kumele sibuze ukuthi kungani uGrubbs et al. wakhetha ukudala i-CPUI uma ezinye izivivinyo zokulutha izidakamizwa zitholakala kalula.
Ngezansi: Izimangalo zocwaningo zixhomeke ekutheni "amahora asetshenziswayo njengamanje" abe yindlela efanelekile yokulutha ngokweqiniso. Akunjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma usudlulile kokungabonakali, isifundo esigcwele siveza ukuthi "amahora asetshenziswayo njengamanje" empeleni ahlobene nobunzima bokukhathazeka kwengqondo kanye nezikolo ze-CPUI!
"Amahora Okusetshenziswa Wamanje" Akhipha Izinto Eziningi Eziguqukayo
Inkinga yesibili yendlela yokwenza lokho ukuthi uGrubbs et al. kuhlolwe ukusetshenziswa kocansi ngokubuza izihloko mayelana "namahora amanje okusebenzisa kwabo i-porn." Lowo mbuzo awucaci kahle. Ngasiphi isikhathi? Isihloko esisodwa kungenzeka ukuthi sicabanga ukuthi “Ngisebenzise malini izolo?” enye "ngesonto eledlule?" noma "ngokwesilinganiso selokhu nginqume ukuyeka ukubuka ngenxa yemiphumela engafuneki?" Umphumela uba idatha engaqhathaniseki ayikwazi ukuhlaziywa ngenhloso yokuthola iziphetho ezinokwethenjelwa.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, umbuzo "wokusebenzisa i-porn wamanje", lapho kuphetha khona iziphetho zesifundo, uyehluleka ukubuza ngokuhlukahluka okubalulekile kokusebenzisa i-porn: ukusetshenziswa kweminyaka kwaqala, iminyaka yokusetshenziswa, noma ngabe umsebenzisi uye wakhuphukela ezinhlotsheni ezintsha zezithombe zocansi noma wenza izibungu ezingcolile ezingalindelekile , isilinganiso se-ejaculation ne-porn to ejaculation ngaphandle kwayo, inani locansi nomlingani wangempela, njalonjalo. Leyo mibuzo kungenzeka isikhanyise ngokwengeziwe ngokuthi ngubani onenkinga yokusebenzisa i-porn kunokuthi nje "amahora asetshenziswayo manje."
I-grubbs Isingeniso ihlukanisa isimo samanje socwaningo
Esigabeni sesingeniso nengxoxo uGrubbs et al. ukulahla eceleni amashumi eminyaka ocwaningo lwe-neuropsychological nolunye umlutha (kanye namathuluzi wokuhlola ahlobene) ukuzama ukukholisa abafundi ukuthi izincwadi zesayensi zibonisa ukuthi ukubheja kocansi kwe-inthanethi akukho (futhi ngalokho-ke bonke ubufakazi bokuthi umlutha wezocansi kumele "buzwakale," hhayi okungokoqobo). Ukubuyekezwa okusha kukhombisa ukuthi lokhu kuphikisana kukude kangakanani. Bheka I-neuroscience ye-Inthanethi ye-Pornography Umlutha: Ukubuyekezwa nokubuyekeza, okuqondisa ukucwaninga kweminyaka eminingi emilutha yocwaningo nge-neuroscience ne-neuropsych yezifundo kubasebenzisi be-porn ngokwabo. Iphetha (ngokuqondakalayo nangokwesayensi) ukuthi ukulutha kwezidakamizwa ze-intanethi kuyi-internet kuyiqiniso ngempela, kanti empeleni i-subset ye-addiction internet (esekelwe ngaphezu kwezifundo zobuchopho ze-100, kanye namakhulu ezinye izifundo ezifanele).
Ezigabeni zabo zokuqala, uGrubbs et al. bakhombise ukuthanda kwabo okukhulu ngokubeka isimangalo sabo ngokungabi bikho kokulutha kwezocansi kwe-inthanethi emaphepheni abantu ababili abazibiza nge- “internet porn addiction debunkers”: UDavid Ley, umbhali we Inkolelo-mkhuba Yezokwelapha Ngokwezocansi, futhi owayengumcwaningi we-UCLA uNicole Prause, onomsebenzi wakhe oye wagxekwa ngokusemthethweni ezincwadini zezokwelapha izindlela ezibuthakathaka futhi iziphetho ezingasekelwe.
Isibonelo, i-Grubbs et al. thembela iphepha elilodwa elihlangene nguLey, Prause kanye nozakwabo uPeter Finn, abathi kungukubuyekezwa (okungukuthi, ukuhlaziywa okungakhethi kwemibhalo ekhona). Kodwa-ke, ishiye noma iveze kabi cishe zonke izifundo ezithola imiphumela emibi yokusetshenziswa kocansi lwe-inthanethi, ngenkathi zinganaki inqwaba yezifundo zokulutha i-inthanethi zakamuva ezibonisa ukuguqulwa kobuchopho obuhlobene nokulutha kobuchopho ebuchosheni be-inthanethi. (Ukuhlaziywa komugqa ngemigqa kungatholakala lapha.)
Ukulingana okutshelwayo ukushiywa kukaGrubbs et al. Kuko konke ukuskena kobuchopho kanye nesifundo se-neuropsychological esathola ubufakazi bokusekela imodeli yokuluthwa kwezocansi (ngaphezulu kweshumi nambili eqoqwe lapha). Esikhundleni sezesayensi ezinzima ezivela ezifundweni eziningi ezingalahliwe, umfundi unikezwa isiphetho esiphezulu:
Ngokwengqikithi, kunesilinganiso esicacile sobufakazi obubonisa ukuthi abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi banomlutha wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ze-intanethi, ngisho nalapho kungekho ukuhlolwa okuqinisekisiwe emitholampilo ukuze kuvezwe lesi sifo.
Ekugcineni, ucwaningo olulodwa lwezinzwa olwakhulunywa nguGrubbs njengoba luphikisa ukulutha kocansi (Steele et al.) empeleni isekela imodeli yokulutha kabi kocansi. USteele et al. ibike ukufundwa okuphezulu kwe-EEG (P300) lapho izihloko zivezwa ezithombeni ezingcolile. Ucwaningo luhlala lubonisa ukuthi i-P300 ephakeme yenzeka lapho imilutha ivezwa ezinkomba (njengezithombe) ezihlobene nokulutha kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifundo sabika ukuthi ukukhishwa okukhulu kwe-porn kuhambisana nesifiso esincane sobulili obuhlukanisiwe. Njengoba kungekho mphumela ofanisa izihloko zezindaba, uGrubbs uqhubekisele phambili iziphetho ezinamaphutha zabalobi bokuqala (ama- "debunkers of porn addiction").
Isiphetho
Njengoba kunikezwe iziphetho zayo ezingasekelwa nezimangalo ezibandlululayo mayelana nokungabikho kobukhoboka bezocansi, kubonakala sengathi uGrubbs et al. yakhelwe lolu cwaningo ukuhlangabezana ne-ajenda ethile - ukuqamba kabusha ukubheja kocansi "njengokulutha okubonakalayo" nokukholisa abafundi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kocansi akulimazi futhi badinga nje ukukhathazeka ngokukholwa ukuthi kungalimaza. Umsebenzi we-Agnotology ufezekile!
Leli gama liyafika engqondweni: Okushiwo yi-abstract, isifundo esigcwele siyasusa. Izihloko kanye nezicelo ezenziwa nguGrubbs et al. ayisekelwa ngisho nokucwaninga okuyisisekelo. Ngaphezulu kokubona: Ingabe uJoshua Grubbs udonsa uboya phezu kwamehlo ethu ngokucwaninga kwakhe "okucatshangelwa ukubheja kocansi"? (I-2016)
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