Uma ubuka izithombe eziningi ezingcolile, ungase ufune izinto ezingaphezulu kakhulu esikhathini esizayo. I-Porn, iphakamisa ukutadisha okusha, ithonya isakhiwo sobuchopho bakho: empeleni, kungase kwenze ubuchopho bakho bube buthaka.
Amadoda abheka izinto eziningi zobulili abonisa ubuciko abe nobuchopho nezinhlelo ezincane zokuvuza, isifundo sithola.
"Lokho kungasho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa njalo kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuyaqeda uhlelo lwakho lomvuzo," kusho uSimone Kühn, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo eMax Planck Institute for Human Development eBerlin futhi ongumlobi oholayo cwaningo, eshicilelwe ephephabhukwini i- "JAMA Psychiatry".
Uhlelo lwakho lomvuzo yiqoqo lezakhiwo ze-neural ebuchosheni obulawula nokulawula ukuziphatha ngokunciphisa injabulo.
Abacwaningi bahlola ubuchopho be-64 amadoda asephakathi kweminyaka engu-21 no-45 ngomshini we-MRI.
Lawo ma-probands - noma izifundo ezifundwayo - ababebuka i-porn bavame ukuba ne-striatum encane, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lokuvuza futhi ebandakanyeka ekuvukeni kocansi.
Ucwaningo luphinde lwathola ukuthi izinhlelo zokuvuza zabasilisa abanobulili bezintambo azizange zisebenze kancane uma zibuka izithombe ezivusa ucansi ngaphakathi komshini we-MRI.
"Sicabanga ukuthi ama-proband ane-porn ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu adinga ukukhuthazwa okwandayo ukuthola umvuzo ofanayo," kusho uSimone Kühn.
Umphumela noma imingcele?
Kodwa-ke yini amadoda ayephethe i-striatum encane efuna izithombe ezingcolile ngoba bebedinga ukuvuselelwa okungaphandle kwangaphandle, noma ingabe ukusetshenziswa kwezingcolile kwezingcingo kwenza le ngxenye yobuchopho ibe yincane?
Abacwaningi bayavuma kokubili kungaba yiqiniso. Kodwa bathi lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu.
U-Kühn uthi izincwadi ezikhona zengqondo, izincwadi zesayensi eziphakamisa abathengi be-porn zizofuna izinto nge-novel kanye nemidlalo yokudlwengula ngokweqile.
"Lokho kungafanelana ngokuphelele ne-hypothesis ukuthi izinhlelo zabo zomvuzo zidinga ukukhuthazwa okukhulayo."
Ukuskena kobuchopho kungabonisa okuningi.
Esikhathini esizayo izifundo abacwaningi bahlela ukugcina izinguquko zobuchopho ezifundweni zezifundo esikhathini esithile ukuze ubone ukuthi uhlelo lokuvuza luyashintsha ngempela ngokunyuka kokusetshenziswa kocansi.
Njenge-cocaine nokudlala
UKühn uthi iqembu belibikezele ukuthi lizobona izinguquko ohlelweni lwemiklomelo - kodwa okuphambene nalokho ekutholile ekugcineni.
I-striatum nayo ihilelekile ekulutha izidakamizwa.
Ngo 2001, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi izingxenye zobuchopho ezihlobene nobuhle-ohlelweni zazifinyelela ezingamaphesenti ayishumi ezikhudlwana ku-cocaine izidakamizwa kunokuba zingekho ezixhomeke ekuxhaseni.
Futhi sengathi lokho akwanele: "Esifundweni nentsha sithole ukuthi ukudlala njalo imidlalo ye-PC kuholela ekwandeni kosayizi we-striatum," kusho uKühn. Kepha uyaphawula ukuthi umangele ukubona ukuthi ababukeli bezithombe zocansi besilisa babene-striatum encane - hhayi enkulu kunamanye amadoda esifundweni.
Uthi ubelindele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kocansi kuzokhulisa usayizi wohlelo lokuvuza - kunokuba kulwenze linciphe.
Ingabe umlutha wezocansi ungempela?
"Izithombe zobulili ezingcolile akuseyona inkinga yabantu abambalwa kodwa yinto yabantu abaningi ethonya umphakathi wethu," kubhala abacwaningi kulo magazini, bengeza ngokuthi cishe amaphesenti angama-50 ayo yonke i-Internet traffic ahlobene nezocansi.
Izazi zengqondo ziye zaphikisana ngokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthuthukisa umlutha wezinsizi ezingcolile. Kodwa abakaze bavumelane ngisho nangendlela echaza ngemithi yokwelapha izithombe zobulili ezingcolile.
NgoFebhuwari, izifo zengqondo zabhala "Imibiko Yamanje Yezempilo Yezocansi" ukuthi ayikho into efana nokulutha kwe-porn. Babengekho uphawu, ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kubangela noma yiziphi izinguquko ebuchosheni.
Ucwaningo lwamuva lungashintsha izingqondo zabo.
I-JAMA Psychiatry, ku-May May 28, i-2014.
IZIMFUNDISO EZINYE
- Ukubuka izithombe zobulili ezingcolile kulimaza ubuchopho besilisa
- Ingabe i-porn inciphisa ngokoqobo ubuchopho bamadoda?
- I-Porn ingase ihlasele ikhanda lakho
I-ABSTRACT (ISIHLOKO ESIFUNDWAYO)
Ukwakhiwa kobuchopho nokuxhumana okusebenzayo Okuhlangene Nezithombe Zobulili Ezingcolile. I-Brain ku-Porn
2Umtholampilo we-Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, i-Charité University Medicine, iSt Hedwig-Krankenhaus, eBerlin, eJalimane
3I-University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, iMitholampilo kanye nePollicic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hamburg, eJalimane
Ukubaluleka Njengoba izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zivele kuyi-intanethi, ukutholakala, ukutholakala, nokungaziwa kokudla izinto ezibukwayo zobulili kuye kwanda futhi kudonsela izigidi zabasebenzisi. Ngokusekelwe ekucatshangweni ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kobulili bezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kufana nokuziphatha okufuna umvuzo, ukuziphatha okufuna ukwenza izinto ezintsha, nokuziphatha okuluthayo, sithinte ukuguqulwa kwenethiwekhi ye-frontostriatal kubasebenzisi abaningi.
Inhloso Ukunquma ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile kuhlotshaniswa nenethiwekhi ye-frontostriatal.
Ukuklama, ukubeka, kanye nabahlanganyeli Abantu abaneminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha nane abanezempilo abanesisindo esikhulu sokusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile eMax Planck Institute for Human Development eBerlin, eJalimane, babike amahora amaningi okusebenzisa izithombe zobulili ezingcolile ngeviki. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe zobulili ezingcolile kuhlotshaniswa nesakhiwo se-neural, ukuqaliswa okuhlobene nomsebenzi, nokuxhumeka komsebenzi wokuphumula.
Imiphumela emikhulu kanye Nezinyathelo Okumhlophe kunomqondo wobuchopho obulinganiselwe nge-voxel-based based morphometry nokuphumula kokusebenza kombuso okulinganiselwe kwalinganiselwe ku-3-T magantic imaging scans scans.
Imiphumela Sithole ubudlelwane obubi obuphakathi kwamahora wezithombe zobulili ezingcolile ezibikiwe ngeviki kanye nomthamo wegrey umthamo we-caudate esifanele (P <.001, ilungisiwe ngokuqhathanisa okuningi) kanye nomsebenzi osebenzayo ngesikhathi sokubuka ngokocansi-ukuphinda usebenzise ipharadigm ku-putamen yesobunxele (P <.001). Ukuxhuma okusebenzayo kwe-caudate efanele kwesobunxele be-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex kwakuhlotshaniswa kabi namahora wokusetshenziswa kwezithombe zocansi.
Iziphetho nokuBheka Ukuhlangana okungalungile kokusetshenziswa kwezithombe ezingcolile zobulili ezingcolile ngevolatum (caudate) ivolumu efanele, ukusebenza kwe-striatum (putamen) ekusebenzeni ngesikhathi sokucubungula, futhi ukuxhumana okuphansi kokusebenza kwe-caudate engakwesokunxele kwe-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex kungabonisa ukuguqulwa kwipulasitiki ye-neural njengendlela umphumela wokuvuselela okukhulu kwesistimu yokuvuza, kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-top-down okuphansi kwezindawo ze-prefrontal cortical. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungaba yisimiso esenza ukuba izithombe zobulili ezingcolile zizuze ngokwengeziwe.
IZIMPENDULO EZIFUNDWAYO NGUMPHAKATHI, UDL Hilton
Ngokuyinhloko, lokhu kuqinisekisa lokho esikubikezele ngokususelwa kwimininingwane ye-neuromodulation kanye nomsebenzi wethu we-DNA: ukuthi izithombe zobulili ezingcolile njengesifanekiso esinamandla sokufunda zizoguqula izinhlelo zokuvuza. Lolu ucwaningo olwenziwe kahle, olwenziwe kahle, futhi lushicilelwa kuJAMA, iJenali ye-American Medical Association.
Ekuphetheni kwabo, ababhali banikela ukwesekwa ezithombeni ezingcolile ezibangela lolu shintsho lwe-neuroplastic. Kodwa-ke, basho ngokufanele ukuthi ngoba akusona isifundo se-longitudinal ngakho-ke kuhambisana nakho abakwazi ukuqinisa imbangela. Ngamanye amagama, ngabe i-porn ibangele ushintsho, noma ngabe izinguquko bezivele zikhona ngakho-ke labo ababuka i-porn bakwenzile lokho ngoba behlelwe ngaphambili ukuthi benze njalo?
Abazange babhekise kunoma yiliphi elinye iphepha le-neuroplasticity engxoxweni yabo, noma kunjalo, futhi lokho kudinga ukwenziwa. Lokhu ngizokufaka ephepheni engilibhalayo njengamanje.
Ngokomongo walezi ezinye izifundo ngokushintsha kwesakhiwo (okuyi-longitudinal), umsebenzi we-DeltaFosB, nomsebenzi wethu we-DNA ovela ku-PNAS ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyisiqephu esicindezelayo sengxabano. Lokhu kuhlangana kahle noDkt Voon's [iCambridge] kungekudala okuzoshicilelwa umsebenzi wokukhuthaza.
[Ukuqhathaniswa no Ucwaningo oluzayo lukaVoon]
Isifundo esisha saseJalimane sisebenzisa imisebenzi ehlukile enezithombe ezimile ezimfishane zezithombe zobulili ezingcolile (ezimfishane ngamabomu) uma kuqhathaniswa nezithombe zemidlalo futhi kukhombisa ukwehla komsebenzi we-putaminal ophakamisa iqhaza ekunciphiseni ukungabi namthetho okuhambisana nezinga lokusetshenziswa kocansi kubasebenzisi abajwayelekile bezithombe zocansi. Ucwaningo lwe- [Voon] lugxile kwiziqeshana zevidiyo ezingabamba iqhaza futhi zikhuthaze kakhulu futhi zifunde iqembu lokuhlonza ngokwezigaba elikhuthaza ukuba nobunzima ngokusetshenziswa nokulawulwa kwendlela yokuziphatha. Okutholakele akuhambisani njengoba abantu nokwakhiwa kwemisebenzi kuyehluka.
[Isifundo saseJalimane sibheke] i-dorsolateral striatum (okubandakanyeka emisebenzini nasemikhakheni yemikhumbi) kanti [ukucwaninga kweCambridge] kugxile ekutheni i-ventral striatum noma ngabe ihlehlisa indawo yangaphakathi kanye ne-amygdala nazo izifunda ezibalulekile.
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