QAPHELA: Ipapashiwe. Bona - IYunivesithi yaseCambridge: Iingcamango zobungqina zifumana ukutshabalalisa i-porn.
Ukugqithiswa koonografi kukukhokelela kwisenzo esifanayo sobuchopho njengokusetyenziswa kotywala okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, iimpawu zokufunda
Izazinzulu zeYunivesithi yaseCambridge zityhila utshintsho kubuchopho babasebenzisi abangamanyala abanyanzelekileyo abangenzeki kwabo bangenalo mkhwa
Abantu ababa likhoboka lemifanekiso engamanyala babonisa imisebenzi efanayo yobuchopho kwiziselo ezinxilisayo okanye iziyobisi, isifundo sityhile. Isikali seMRI kwizifundo zovavanyo ezivumileyo zokusebenzisa iphonografi ezisisinyanzeliso zibonisa ukuba amaziko emivuzo yengqondo aphendulayo akubona into ecacileyo ngendlela efanayo nesiselo esinxilisayo xa sibona intengiso yotywala.
Uphando olwenziwe yiYunivesithi yaseCambridge luvavanye umsebenzi wengqondo wabasebenzisi be-ponografi be-19 ngokuchasene neqela lolawulo labantu abathi babengengabo abasebenzisi abanyanzelekileyo.
Khokela inzululwazi UGqr Valerie Voon, ugqirha ongumcebisi nge-neuropsychiatrist, uxelele Iunday Times: "Sifumene umsebenzi omkhulu kwindawo yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-ventral striatum, iziko lemivuzo, ebandakanyeka ekuqhubeni umvuzo, ukhuthazo kunye nolonwabo.
“Xa isiselo esinxilisayo sibona intengiso yesiselo, iingqondo zazo ziya kukhanya ngendlela ethile kwaye ziya kukhuthazeka ngendlela ethile. Sibona olu hlobo lomsebenzi kwimifanekiso engamanyala. "
Olu phando luza kupapashwa, kodwa luya kufakwa kwi-Channel 4 yoxwebhu olubizwa ngokuba yi-Porn kwi-Brain, ethi yona iphawule I-10pm ngoMvulo 30 Septemba. [Ungazama bukele apha -Ulunyukiswe, inemifanekiso embalwa yomzobo]
Iziphumo, ezihambelana neengxelo zamva nje kodwa ezingaqinisekiswanga e-US zokuba iziyobisi ezingamanyala azifani neekhemikhali okanye iziyobisi, ziya kubonwa njengempikiswano endaweni yezindululo zikaDavid Cameron zokunciphisa ukufikelela kwezinye iiwebhusayithi ezingamanyala. …….
- Jonga inqaku elipheleleyo- Ukugqithiswa koonografi kukukhokelela kwisenzo esifanayo sobuchopho njengokusetyenziswa kotywala okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi, iimpawu zokufunda
Jonga la manqaku apheleleyo kubude beChannel 4 kunye novavanyo lweCambridge:
Izimvo:
Olu pho nonongo luhlolisise ukusetyenziswa kwe-pornography kunye nokuthelekisa iziphumo kwiqela lolawulo. Kufumanise ukuba "iziko lemivuzo" lamakhoboka ezi-porn likhanyisile njengoko bekunokwenzeka ukuba iziyobisi zazijonga imikhwa yeziyobisi. Yintoni ebangela ukuba olu phononongo luyilwe kakuhle?
- ICambridge isebenzise iMRI (ukuskena kwengqondo) ukulinganisa umsebenzi wexesha lokwenyani lomvuzo "weziko" (i-nucleus accumbens).
- Izifundo ze-19 zovavanyo zonke zaziyiminyaka yobudala obuhlobo abesilisa i-19-34 (homo native in science-speak).
- Amadoda e-19 azichonge njengamakhoboka ezi-porn kwaye wayenengxaki yokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn.
- Uphononongo lusebenzise iqela lolawulo le-19 yamadoda afanayo aneminyaka efanayo.
- Zombini "iziyobisi ezingamanyala" kunye nolawulo zaboniswa ngendlela efanayo (oko kukuthi, isikhuthazo esifana nokudanisa okuvuselelayo), hayi imifanekiso yamanyala ebuntwini.
- Ekuvavanyeni "umnqweno wesondo" I-Voon yafumanisa ukuba iziyobisi ezingamanyala azifani nolawulo.
Esi sifundo singezantsi siyangqubana namabango enziwe kutshanje ngugqirha wezesondo e-UCLA kunye nesikolo saseKinsey Institute esaphumelela uNicole Prause Imithombo yeendaba blitz esekwe kwi Uyilo olungelolwe kakuhle (Julayi 2013). Ndithelekisa ezi zifundo zibini ngenjongo yokuqaqambisa inyani yokuba ezi ayizizo "izifundo ezikhuphisanayo." Isifundo seCambridge sigqwesile kuyilo, kwaye siyangqinelana kuzo zombini iindlela kunye nokufumanisa kunye nezifundo ezininzi kumlutha we-Intanethi nakwimidlalo yevidiyo. Ngokwahlukileyo, isifundo sePrause yenza ibango elingaxhaswanga ukuba likhoboka lesini (okanye likhoboka lesini) nyani kuphela "ngumnqweno ophezulu wesondo."
Phambi kokuba sithelekise kwaye sihambise izifundo zikaPrause noCambridge, kufuneka kuchazwe ukuba uphononongo lukaPrause lwafunyanwa luvuselelekile (Ukufundwa kwe-EEGxa izifundo zijonga imifanekiso engamanyala. Nantsi into eyoyikisayo: U-Prause uchaze isifundo sakhe njenge hayi Ukufumana imvuselelo kwimifanekiso yesini. Isuka Olu dliwanondlebe lwe-Psychology lwanamhlanje:
Umdumo: "Isizathu sokuba ezi ziphumo zibe ngumceli mngeni kukuba oko kubonisa ukuba iingqondo zabo azikhange ziphendule kwimifanekiso njengamanye amakhoboka eziyobisi zabo.
In le ngxoxo yeTV:
Umlobi: "Baboniswa imifanekiso eyahlukeneyo evuselela inkanuko, kunye nomsebenzi wabo wobuchopho."
Umthandazo"Ukuba ucinga ukuba iingxaki zesini kukukhobokisa, besingalindela ukubona impendulo ephuculweyo, mhlawumbi kule mifanekiso yesondo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba yingxaki yokungxamiseka, besinokulindela ukubona ukunciphisa iimpendulo kule mifanekiso yesondo. Into yokuba asibubonanga obunye bobuhlobo ibonisa ukuba akukho nkxaso ibalaseleyo yokujonga ezi ngxaki zokuziphatha ngokwesondo. "
Ngokwenyani, ukufundwa kwe-EEG (P300) eliphezulu yemifanekiso engamanyala kunemifanekiso engenacala. Ukufundwa okuphezulu kwe-EEG kwimifanekiso engamanyala yeyona nto ilindelweyo ikhona umbukeli, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kulindeleka ukuba umntu abe likhoboka –njengokufundwa okuphezulu kwe-EEG kusenzeka xa amakhoboka eziyobisi ejonga iziyobisi (ezinje ngomlutha wokubona umfanekiso wombhobho wokuqhekeka). Ibango -Iingqondo zabo aziphendulanga kwimifanekiso efana nezinye iziyobisi kwiziyobisi zabo”- ayisiyonyani kwaphela.
Ukuphawula phantsi kwePsychology yanamhlanje udliwanondlebe, Unjingalwazi ngezengqondo John A. Johnson wathi:
Ingqondo yam isabambekile kwibango likaPrause lokuba ubuchopho babafundi bakhe abuphendulanga kwimifanekiso yezesondo njengeziyobisi zabaphenduli beziyobisi, kuba inika ingxelo yokufunda okuphezulu kwe-P300 yemifanekiso yesondo. Njengamakhoboka abonisa i-P300 spikes xa zinikwa iziyobisi ezizikhethele zona. Angasifumana njani isigqibo esichasene nezona ziphumo? Ndicinga ukuba inokwenza kwiminqweno yakhe yangaphambili-into ebekulindele ukuyifumana.
Lo ngomnye wemizekelo yokuba uPrause uzicine njani iziphumo zakhe. Ungalufunda uhlahlelo lwethu lokufunda apha: Akukho nto ihambelanayo kungekho nto kwi-Lab ye-Lab ye-Lab ye-New Porn Study (2013). U-Prause wabhala esithi ukufundwa kwakhe kuya kuphindaphindwa ngoogxa bakhe.
Umthandazo: "Ukuba isifundo sethu siyaphindaphindwa, ezi ziphumo ziya kuba ngumceli mngeni omkhulu kwiingcinga ezikhoyo zesini" umlutha."
Umdumo ngenkalipho wokuba ukufumanisa kwakhe kolu phando linye kuko konke okufunekayo ukuze kuguqulwe umxholo wesini okanye umlutha we-porn. Silindele ukuba iPrause izakuqhubeka ukuphinda iziphumo zokukrokrela, kodwa ukuphindaphinda kwesifundo esineempazamo kumane kulingana nezifundo eziphosakeleyo, hayi inkxaso engakumbi kwisiphumo esinqwenelekayo.
Thelekisa ukufundwa kukaPrause kunye nesifundo seCambridge:
Impendulo esemthethweni kuphela yokuba ufumene Akukho zinxibelelaniso phakathi kwamaphepha emibuzo (ikakhulu i Ukunyanzelisa ngokwesondo) kunye nokufundwa kwe-EEG (P300). Sikhangela ukuba kutheni engafumananga unxibelelwano Apha.
1) Isifundo seCambridge sisebenzise isikali sobuchopho (fMRI) ukuvavanya umsebenzi weziko lemivuzo (i-ventral striatum), apho impendulo ye-cue yenzeka ngohlobo lwe-dopamine spikes. Le nkqubo isekwe kakuhle kwaye sele iqashwe ininzi yeziyobisi ze-Intanethi kunye nolunye uqeqesho lweziyobisi.
- Ngokwahlukileyo, iPrause ilinganisa ii-EEG, ezivavanya kuphela ukusebenza kombane wecortex yecerebral, kwaye zivulelekile kutoliko olwahlukileyo ngokubanzi. Ii-EEG zibonisa kuphela imo evusayo, hayi ukwenziwa kweziko lomvuzo. Ngamanye amagama, ukufundwa okuphezulu kwe-EEG (P300) kunokuba "kukuvusa" ngenxa yoloyiko okanye intiyo, hayi uchuku lwesondo.
2) Isifundo seCambridge siqeshe iqela lezifundo ezikhoyo: abancinci, abesilisa abangamadoda angafaniyo nabangazazi ukuba bangabakhobisi bezocansi.
- Izifundo zikaPrause yayingamadoda, abantu ababhinqileyo kunye nabangengabo abesini esahlukileyo, kodwa iqela lakhe lababonisa yonke imigangatho, mhlawumbi engathandekiyo, eyamadoda + eyamanyala. Awunakho ukubonisa umntu ongamanyala ngqo (njengoko wenzayo) kwaye ulindele iziphumo ezinentsingiselo.
- Uvavanyo lokuvavanya ukwenziwa kwakhona kwecocaine yecocaine inokufumana iqela elinamadoda, amabhinqa kunye nezitabane, kodwa hayi uvavanyo lokulinganisa inkanuko yesini. Oku kuphela kuchaza ukunqongophala konxibelelwano. Jonga, umzekelo, Ukwahlukana kobulili kwi-Arousal Sexual and Respective Responses kwi-Erotica. kwaye Izijikelezo ze-Neural ezikhohlakeleyo ezibangelwa yizesini zobungqingili kunye namadoda angqingili: isifundo se-FMRI.
3) Isifundo seCambridge savavanya ubuchopho bobudala kunye nokwabelana ngesondo okunempilo, nokungalawulwa.
- Uphononongo lukaPrause lwalungenalo iqela lolawulo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uPreuse akanangqondo yokuba ukufunda kwe-EEG bekuza kuba yintoni kwizifundo zakhe, ukanti wenza amabango afikelela kude lonke kumajelo eendaba ukuba umsebenzi wakhe utyhila ingcinga yesiyobisi. Ayikhathaleki.
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