I-Critique ethi "Akukho bungqina bokuba uXinzelelo lweemvakalelo kwiiHypersexourse zokuXela iimvakalelo zabo kwifilimu yezesondo" (Prause et al., 2013)

Ucwaningo loononophelo lwe-Nicole Prause lubonakalisa iziphumo kunye nesihloko sokufunda

Iziphumo kwisifundo ILebhu ka-Nicole Prause ye-SPAN inomxholo,Akukho Ubungqina Bokudityaniswa Kwemvakalelo kwi "I-Hypersexuals" Ukubika Iingcamango Zabo kwi-Movie Film, ”Ngqamanisa nantoni abanye abasebenzisi be-porn zibika. Ngokunjalo, ukuba i-pornography yayinciphisa uluhlu lwabo lwengqondo.

Olu phofu luchaza impendulo engaphantsi kwemizwa ye-vanilla ye-porn kwi-abasebenzisi be-porn. Akumangalisi apho njengoko abasebenzisi bezono eziphosakeleyo babecala kakhulu kwi-vanilla yobuninzi kunezifundo ezinempilo. Baye bathuka.  Nangona kunjalo, isihloko sesifundo seLabhan ye-SPAN siyasifihla esi siphumo sicacileyo, kwaye sijikeleza iziphumo ngokungahambelani "nemodeli yokulutha ngokwesondo". (Ngaphezulu ngezantsi.)

Isifundo sikaPrause

Uphononongo luthelekise uluhlu lweemvakalelo ezibizwa ngokuba yi "hypersexourse" kunye nolawulo ekuphenduleni ekubukeni ifilimu yendalo yemizuzu emi-3 kunye nefilimu yesini yomzuzu emi-3. Umsebenzi welebhu osebenzayo kwisifundo kukuba "ama-hypersexual" anokuxela amanqanaba aphezulu kwiimvakalelo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga xa kuthelekiswa nolawulo. Oko kukuthi, emva kokubukela ifilimu yezesondo, "ii-hypersexual" zaxelwa kwangaphambili ukuba zibonise amanqanaba aphezulu eemvakalelo ezintle, ezinje ngokuvuseleleka ngokwesondo okanye ukonwaba, kunye namanqanaba aphezulu kwiimvakalelo ezingalunganga, ezinje ngeentloni okanye ixhala. Ababhali babiza umnxeba ngaxeshanye Amava okuba neemvakalelo ezakhayo nezingalunganga xa ujongene nokhuthazo "lolungelelwaniso."

Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi bathi:

  • “Olu phando lufumene ubungqina bokuba ngokuchasene iphethini: abo bakhalazela ubunzima bokulawula ukujonga kwabo "i-porn" (VSS) Ngaphantsi iimpendulo ezingafaniyo ngokweemvakalelo kwiifilimu zesini kunalezo zingakhange zichaze iingxaki ezilawula indlela ezijongwa ngayo. ”
  • "Abantu abakhalaza ngeengxaki ezilawula ukujonga kwabo izinto ezibonakalayo zesini ezibonisiweyo Ngaphantsi Ukulungelelaniswa kokuchaphazela okuhle nokubi kunolawulo. ”
  • “Iziphumo bezikwiphepha ngokuchasene yesikhokelo esiqikelelweyo, hayi nje ukuba buthathaka. ” (Ugxininiso longezwa)

Iingcamango ezingalunganga?

Abaphandi beLabhan ye-SPAN bayavuma ukuba akukho zifundo zangaphambili zokusekwa kweengcinga zabo zokuba abasebenzisi be-porn abanengxaki namhlanje kufuneka babe nempendulo entle nengalunganga ngokweemvakalelo kwifilimu yesondo.

  • "Uphando ngokubhekisele kwi-hypersexuality khange luchaze ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kucingelwa ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kuxinzelelo lweemvakalelo, kwaye iimpapasho zeklinikhi ziyangqubana nokuba kulindeleke ukuba kuhanjiswe kangakanani na kwiimvakalelo."
  • Akukho mlinganiselo wamkelweyo 'wenqanaba lokudibanisa.' ”

Aphosakele ngokugqithisileyo imodeli yezocalulo-zesondo (ephuhlisiwe phambi kwe-intanethi, kwaye isekelwe kwiingcamango malunga nabaxhamli abazenzayo nabantu abanokwenene), besithi,

  •  "Uninzi lwabaxhasi be" hypersexual disorder "bacebisa ukuba ichaphazela ukungasebenzi kakuhle komzimba yeyona nto iphambili kwesi sifo."

Akukho sicatshulwa sale ngxelo, kwaye kukho isizathu sokubuza ingaba iikhonsepthi zokulutha ngokwesini ziyasebenza kweziyobisi zanamhlanje ze-Intanethi.

Akunakwenzeka ukuba i-hypothesis ye-Lab ye-Lab ibibuyile umva, kwaye i lawulo kwakunokwenzeka ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kuboniswe uluhlu olubanzi lwabavakalelwa (ngokwenene babonisa)? Emva koko, abaphandi bathi ngokucacileyo ukuba uphando olwangaphambili lufumene ukuba luyiyo eqhelekileyo ukuba neentlobo ezininzi zeemvakalelo ezintle kunye neempembelelo ekuphenduleni iifrikhi ze-erotic:

  • "Ngokubanzi, inkanuko yesini idla ngokuvelisa ukonyusa imeko yeemvakalelo ezingalunganga nezintle ukuphendula kwisini. (UPeterson noJanssen, 2007)."

Ngamanye amazwi, ukulawula kwakuqhelekileyo. Babengabasebenzisi bezentlekele beengxaki ezibangelwa ukulungelelaniswa. Abasebenzisi bezononophelo abaqhelekileyo babethokisiwe (baqheleke) kwi-vanilla porn. Babenempendulo engathethekiyo ngokweemvakalelo kuba yayizamla kakhulu. Into enomdla kukuba, iimvakalelo ezingafunekiyo sisikhalazo esiqhelekileyo sababukeli be-intanethi abanzima- nangona uninzi lwabo lungaqapheli ukuba iphonografi ithule iimvakalelo zabo de kube sele beyekile ukuyisebenzisa. Nanga amagqabantshintshi aqhelekileyo ngabasebenzisi bangaphambili abonisa ilahleko ephezulu kunye neelows:

Umntu wokuqala: "Nje ukuba uyeke ukubukela iphonografi kunye nokufota kufuneka wamkele iimvakalelo oza kuziva. Kum yayililolo, usizi, intswelo, njl. Kodwa ezi ziyadlula njengoko ukhululeka ngakumbi kuwe. Ukuphakama oziva ukongezwa kwaye uzive uphezulu kunangaphambili. Iilows ziyongezwa kwakhona kwaye utyhila ngaphezulu kunangaphambili. Ukuthatha iphonografi kwandigcina ndikindiki kwihlabathi kodwa ngoku ndiziva ngcono kwiimvakalelo zabantu kunangaphambili. ”

Umntu wesibini: “Into malunga nokuyeka iphonografi, kukuba iphilisa ubundindisholo. Kum, yonke imibala yabuya ebomini bam. Umculo waqala ukuvakala ngcono, imovie iya kundenza ndikhale (akukho mntu uzahlekisa, okanye ndiza kukukhaba!)); Ndihleka kakhulu; Ndinokonwaba ngakumbi kuseto lwasentlalweni, njl njl. Ndadlula kwixesha elibi lokuba lusizi. Kodwa emva kwexesha, yonke into yaqala ukuwela endaweni yayo, kwaye ZONKE iimvakalelo zakho ziya zisomelela. Sukuba nexhala, nangona ixesha lihamba, ubomi buqhubeka buqhubeka buhambela phambili! ”

Okukwintsusa: Kukho inkcazo elula kakhulu yababizwa ngokuba ngabasebenzisi abanyanzelekileyo be-porn abangaphenduli kangako ngokweemvakalelo ekujongeni i-vanilla ye-porn. Abasebenzisi boononophala abanyanzelekileyo babekruqukile. Iphonografi yeVanilla ayisabhaliswanga njengayo yonke into enomdla. Babephelelwe lithemba. Inyaniso, Yiyo kanye loo nto i-Prause yabika i-2 iminyaka kamva ukufundisisa okubandakanya ezininzi zezifundo ezifanayo!

Isakhiwo esingalunganga kunye neendlela ezimbi.

Abaphandi basebenzise ithiyori yokuba likhoboka lesini ukusuka kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo, kunye negama elithi "hypersexourse," ngaloo ndlela bethetha ukuba bafumanisa ulwazi oluluncedo malunga nabantu abakhoboka lesini- ngaphandle kokusebenzisa eli gama. Bakwathetha ukuba aba bantu, badla ngokuthathwa njenge "likhoboka leziyobisi ezingamanyala," abanazo iimvakalelo ezingalawulekiyo zabantu abakhobelana ngesondo (kwaye ngenxa yoko mhlawumbi abazizo iziyobisi kwaphela). Nangona kunjalo kukho iingxaki ezininzi kulo mzamo:

Akukho kuhlolwa kwesilonda

Abaphandi abazange bakhenkcele abathathi-nxaxheba Ukuxhatshazwa kwezobisi, ke asinakuqiniseka ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba bathembekile. "I-Hypersexual" kunye "nobunzima bokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn" ngamagama angacacanga xa kuthelekiswa neyona nyani ye-Intanethi yokufumana iziyobisi ngovavanyo lokuhlola. Ukuba abaphandi bazokucebisa ukuba bafumanisa izinto malunga neziyobisi ezingamanyala kwi-Intanethi kufuneka baqale ngokujonga ubukhoboka be-porn.

Ufuna abathathi-nxaxheba

Abaphandi kufuneka baphande abathathi-nxaxheba abafanayo, endaweni yokuxutywa kwamadoda nabasetyhini ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zesini. Ifilimu ye-3 yemizuzu engafaniyo neyesini inokuba neziphumo ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kubathathi-nxaxheba ngokwesini kunye nokuthanda izinto ezingamanyala. Umzekelo, ikhoboka lesini elingamanyala linokufumana inversion xa ubukele ifilimu engamanyala yesini esingafaniyo, ngenxa yoko isiphumo esipheleleyo. Ukuhlela iimpendulo zeemvakalelo kumakhoboka yi enzima kakhulu.

I-classic ye-sexual addiction theory ayikho nto

Abasebenzisi abancinci be-Intanethi banamhlanje bahlala bengayifaneli imodeli yokufumana iziyobisi ngokwesondo, eyayisekwe kukuqaqanjelwa ngumntwana kunye nehlazo. Bakhululekile ngokugqibeleleyo ekusebenziseni iphonografi, abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba kuluncedo. Umyinge weminyaka yobudala bengxaki yabasebenzisi be-porn kolu phononongo yayiyi-24 kuphela, ibenza ukuba babe ngamalungu Isizukulwana XXX.

Ke, ayicacanga into yokuba aba bathathi-nxaxheba bazakubonisa iimvakalelo zakudala ezinje ngoxinzelelo okanye iintloni (iimvakalelo ezimbi) nokuba ulikhoboka. Ewe kunjalo, ngaba sikhona nasiphi na isizathu esivakalayo sokucinga ukuba amakhoboka amanyala amanyala abukela imovie yemizuzu emi-3 elabhoratri.

Kwimeko nayiphi na into, ukubhala i-intanethi ye-addicted "njenge-hypersexual" ayibaniki phantsi isini izilingo '(ezixeliweyo) iimpendulo zeemvakalelo. Kwakhona, i-hypothesis yabaphandi ibuthathaka.

Iingxaki eziphambili zeengxaki ze-neuroscience zithintela

Abaphandi abaniki bungqina bokuba bayawuqonda umahluko phakathiku khuthazwa"Kwaye"ukungafuneki, ”Okanye ukubaluleka kokuyila uphando lwabo malunga nezi zinto ziphambili ze-neurochemical of addiction.

Izilwanyana ezingamanyala zingabalulekanga kwaye zibophelelwe kumathambo athile. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibandakanya uononopopasho ogqithiseleyo kuba ezininzi izilingo ezingamanyala njengaye zifuna izinto eziphathekayo ukuvuswa. Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zeempawu zabo ezizodwa zinokubangela impendulo enamandla, ngelixa izinto ezibonakalayo ezingasebenzi njengezinto ezinokubangela umdla zinokuba nomdla omkhulu. I-Hyper-reactivity kwiindawo ezithile yaziwa ngokuba “kukukhuthaza abantu.”

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, "ukungafuneki" kubhekisela kunciphise ukuphendula kwi-stimuli hayi zibophe ngqo kumlutha. Le mpendulo enomdla ngokubanzi ephawulwe kuyo Izilwanyana ze-Intanethi, izilwanyana zokutya kwaye ngcakazo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba indlela efanayo ehambisa ezinye iziyobisi ngokuzonwabisa okuqhelekileyo (kunye nolwaneliseko) ikwanciphisa uluhlu lweziyobisi ezingamanyala.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, utshintsho kumanqanaba e-dopamine kunye novakalelo lwe-dopamine lubonakala ngathi yinto enye emva kwesimo se-desensitization. Umzekelo, qwa lasela amava lo mfundi onobuchopho olutsha olunezempilo, owamkela ngokuzithandela impendulo yakhe ye-dopamine ekhutshwe ngeziyobisi, kunye nolwazi olunzulu, olutshanje utshintsho:

"Emva kweeyure ze-7, uMnu A waba nomude ode phakathi kwakhe kunye nendalo yakhe. I-Stimuli yayinempembelelo encinci; i-stimuli ebonakalayo nevelele yayingacacanga. Waye lahlekelwa yimpembelelo kunye nokukhathala. Emva kweeyure ze-18, wayenzima ukuvuka kwaye ukwandisa ukhathala; imbonakalo engqongileyo yayibonakala ingenangqondo. Wayenobuchule obuncinane bokuthetha. "

Inqaku lelokuba iya kuba yinto enqabileyo yefilimu yemizuzu emi-3 eya kwenza umlinganiso ochanekileyo weemvakalelo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga zeziyobisi ze-Intanethi zanamhlanje. Abanye banokuba buthuntu (okanye nokuba iyangqubana ukuba ayihambelani nolwalamano lwabo ngokwesondo). Kwabanye kuya kubavusa ngokuthobeka. Kanti abanye banokuthi baqinisekiswe kakhulu (kuphakanyiswe) ngenye indlela. Nangona kunjalo, kusenokuba kungabonakali uluhlu lwazo lweemvakalelo emva kweseshoni yofihlakeleyo epheleleyo, kunye nezobuboniso zabo.

Ngokufanelekileyo, abaphandi banokukhetha i-stimulus ehambelana nokulutha komlutha ngamnye-oko kukuthi, uhlobo ngalunye olukhethiweyo lwesondo.

Ngayiphi na imeko, uphando olungaqinisekisiyo ukuba lukhona ukurekhoda iimpendulo "zokukhuthaza" iziyobisi okanye zabo iimpendulo "ezingenasiphelo" ngekhe isixelele okuninzi. Kwakhona, iphethini ngokubanzi yamakhoboka iya kuba yinto engacacanga kwimvuselelo yemihla ngemihla, kwaye ivuseleleke kwimikhombandlela ethi icofe iziyobisi.

Ukuququmbela

Yonke into edibeneyo yokudibanisa imele ilawulwe phambi kweLabhan ye-SPAN inokufumana izinto ezincedo malunga nokudityaniswa kwemvakalelo kubasebenzisi bezentlekisa.

Ilebhu inokufuna nokukhetha ii-hypotheses eziyinyani, kwaye uthelekise izihloko zazo nezona ziphumo zazo. Umzekelo, isihloko esichanekileyo kolu phando besinokuthi, "Iingxaki Abasebenzisa Abantu Abagubungelayo Babonisa Umgca Wogqithiselo Weempendulo Zomzwelo Ukujonga I-Sexual Stimuli Kunokulawula. "

QAPHELA 1: Izifundo ezikuyo Prause et al., I-2013 ibonakala zezifundo ezifanayo ezisetyenziswe kwizifundo ezimbini ezilandelayo ezibhalwe nguNicole Prause. Kwiphepha lephepha ungazifunda iingxaki ezininzi ezichazwe kwezi zihlandlo ezimbini ezilandelayo zeengcali ze-SPAN:

  1. Isifiso socansi, kungekhona ukuxhatshazwa kwezesini, kuxhomekeke kwiimpendulo ze-neurophysiological ezifunyenwe yiZithombe zoSondo (Steele et al., 2013)
  2. Ukumodareyithwa kwezinto ezinokuthi zifikeleleke kwiindawo ezinokubakho eziphathekayo ngeZithombe zoSondo kwi-Problem Users and Controls.Prause et al., 2015)

kuba ukufunda #2 ngenhla (Prause et al., 2015) umbiko Ngaphantsi Ukusebenza kwengqondo kwi-vanilla yobudlelwane obunxulumene nokusetyenziswa koononophelo olukhulu, kubhalwe kulo inkxaso I-hypothesis yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-porn okungapheliyo phantsi kulawula ukuvusa isondo (ziziphumo ezifanayo Kuhn kunye neGallinat., 2014). Amaphepha e-9 aqwalaselwe ngontanga avumelana novavanyo lwe-YBOP:

  1. I-neuroscience ye-Intanethi yoTywala: Ukubuyiselwa nokuHlaziya (2015)
  2. Ukunciphisa i-LPP kwimifanekiso yezesondo kwiingxaki zobuninzi boonografi ngokuhambelana nemimiselo yokulutha. Konke kuxhomekeke kumzekelo (2016)
  3. I-neurobiology yokuziphatha ngokuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo: I-Science emerging (2016)
  4. Ngaba ukuziphatha kakubi ngokwesondo kunokuthathwa njengomlutha? (2016)
  5. Ngaba iinthombe zoononopasho ze-intanethi zibangelwa izidakamizwa zesondo? Ukuphononongwa ngeeNgxelo zeKliniki (2016)
  6. Imilinganiselo yokuCamngca kunye engeyiyo yoMvakalelo: Ngaba iyayikhathaza ngokuphindaphindiweyo kweeNografi? (2017)
  7. Iinkqubo ze-neurocognitive in disorder of behavior behavior disorder (2018)
  8. Ukuxhatshazwa koThutho lwe-intanethi: Yintoni esiyayaziyo kunye nento esiyiyiyo-Ukuhlolwa kweNkqubo (2019)
  9. Ukuqaliswa noPhuhliso lwe-Cybersex Addiction: Ukuxhatshazwa komntu ngamnye, ukulungiswa koMgaqo kunye neNewural Mechanism (2019)

QAPHELA 2: Kuninzi luye lwaqala ukususela ngoJulayi, i-2013. UCLA akazange avuselele isivumelwano sikaNicole Prause (ekuqaleni kwe2015). Akusekho iPrause yezemfundo zibandakanya iziganeko ezininzi ezixutywayo kunye nokuhlanjululwa njengengxenye yenkqubela eqhubekayo ye "astroturf" yokukholisa abantu ukuba nabani na ongavumelani nezigqibo zakhe kufuneka baqalekiswe. Udumo luqokelele imbali ende abalobi abahlukumezayo, abaphandi, abaphengululi, abathathi-ntatheli nabanye abanobuqili bokuvakalisa ubungqina benzakalisi kwi-intanethi. Ubonakala ngathi iyancwina kakhulu kwiinkampani zoonografi, njengoko kubonakala kulo umfanekiso wakhe (ekunene) kwicala elibomvu le-X-Rated Critics Organization (XRCO). (Ngokutsho kweWikipedia I-XRCO Awards kunikwa nguMelika I-X-Rated Critics Organization rhoqo ngonyaka kubantu abasebenzisa ukuzonwabisa ngokudala kwaye yimivuzo yabantu abadala abadala kuphela abonakaliswe kuphela kwiimveliso zoshishino.[1]). Kwakhona kubonakala ukuba iPrause ingaba nayo bafumana abenzi bezithombe zoononondazi njengezifundo ngokusebenzisa elinye iqela lokuthabatha inzondo, i Ulungelelaniso lweNtetho yeNtetho. Izifundo ezifunyenwe nge-FSC kuthiwa zazisetyenziswa kuye isifundo sokuqesha umpu kwi ngco lisile kwaye Intengiso kakhulu "yokuCamngca ngokuDibeneyo" icebo (ngoku iphandwe yi-FBI). Umcule uyenzile amabango angaxhaswanga malunga iziphumo zezifundo zakhe kunye naye iindlela zokufunda. Ukufumana amaxwebhu amaninzi, funda: Ngaba uNicole Prause Uchithezelwa yiShishini lezono?

INGXAKI NEZIFUNDO NENKQUBO YOKWENZIWA KOMSEBENZI

Kubonakala ukuba uvavanyo olungentla, uSteele et al (2013), kunye no-Prause et al (2015) basebenzisa ezininzi zezifundo ezifanayo. Ukuba kunjalo, le ngxelo ilandelayo ukuhlaziywa kukaSteele et al. sebenza:

Ibango elikhulu Steele et al. yiyo ukungabikho kwemibutho phakathi kwezifundo zokufundwa kwe-EEG (P300) kunye nemibuzo ethile ithetha ukuba umlutha we-porn awukho. Izizathu ezibini eziphambili zokungabikho konxibelelwano:

  1. Abaphandi bakhetha izifundo ezahlukeneyo (abesetyhini, amadoda, abesifazana, abafazi abangabambini), kodwa wabonisa zonke izinto eziqhelekileyo, mhlawumbi ezingenakuthandeka, zesini + zesini. Ngokucacileyo, iziphumo zolu pho nonongo zixhomekeka ekubeni abantu besilisa, amabhinqa, kunye nabangewona abantu abahlukeneyo bahluke kwiimpendulo zabo kwimifanekiso yesondo. Oku akusoloko kunjalo (ngezantsi).
  2. Imibuzo emibini Steele et al. Ukuxhomekeka kwizifundo zozibini ze-EEG ukuvavanya "umlutha we-porn" akuqinisekiswanga kwiscreen sokusebenzisa i-intanethi / umlutha. Kwimithombo yeendaba, uPrause wakhankanya ephindaphinda ukungabikho konxibelelwano phakathi kwamanqaku e-EEG kunye nezikali ze- "hypersexuality", kodwa akukho sizathu sokulindela unxibelelwano kwizilonda ezingamanyala.

Ulwahluko olwamkelekileyo lwezifundo: Abaphandi bakhetha izifundo ezahlukeneyo (abesetyhini, amadoda, abesifazana, abafazi abangabambini), kodwa wabonisa konke okusemgangathweni, mhlawumbi kungabonakali, kwindoda yamanyala. Le ngxaki, kuba iphula inkqubo efanelekileyo yokufunda izilwanyana, apho abaphandi bekhetha khona ngokufanayo izifundo ngokobudala, isini, ukuqhelaniswa, nkqu nee-IQ ezifanayo (kunye iqela lolawulo olufanayo) ukuze uphephe ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa ngantlukwano.

Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwizifundo ezinjengale, ezilinganisela ukuvusa imifanekiso yesondo, njengoko uphando luqinisekisa ukuba amadoda nabasetyhini bahluke kakhulu kwiimifanekiso zesini okanye iifilimu. Le mpazamo yodwa ichaza ukungabikho kwemibano phakathi kokufunda kweEEG kunye nemibuzo. Izifundo zangaphambili ziqinisekisa ukungafani okukhulu phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini ekuphenduleni imifanekiso yesondo. Yabona, umzekelo:

Ngaba sinokuqiniseka ukuba a engeyona isondo Unentshiseko efanayo kwindoda engamabhinqa njengowesilisa oyindoda? Hayi, kwaye ukufakwa kwakhe kungahle kuphazamise umlinganiselo we-EEG obonelela ngokubambisana. Yabona, umzekelo, Izijikelezo ze-Neural ezikhohlakeleyo ezibangelwa yizesini zobungqingili kunye namadoda angqingili: isifundo se-FMRI.

Okumangalisa kukuba, uPrause ngokwakhe wathi isifundo sangaphambili (2012)  ukuba abantu bahluka ngokugqithiseleyo kwimpendulo yabo kwimifanekiso yesondo:

Izinto ezikwimiboniso bhanyabhanya zisemngciphekweni wokwahluka komntu ngamnye kuqwalaselo lwezinto ezahlukeneyo zesikhuthazi (iRupp kunye neWallen, 2007), ukuthanda umxholo othile (uJanssen, uGoodrich, uPetrocelli, kunye neBancroft, 2009) okanye iimbali zeklinikhi ezenza iinxalenye zesikhuthazo (1998) UWouda et al., XNUMX). ”

"Okwangoku, abantu baya kwahluka ngokubalaseleyo kwimpawu ezibonakalayo ezibonisa inkanuko yesini kubo (Graham, Sanders, Milhausen, & McBride, 2004)."

Kwi Uphononongo lwezifundo wapapashwa kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwaloo nto wathi:

"Izifundo ezininzi zisebenzisa i-International Affective Picture System (uLang, uBradley, noCuthbert, ngo-1999) basebenzise izinto ezahlukeneyo kumadoda nabasetyhini kwisampulu yabo."

Mhlawumbi u-Prause kufanele afunde zakhe iingxelo ukuze afumene isizathu sokuba ukufunda kwakhe okwangoku ku-EEG kuluhlu kakhulu. Ukwahlukana komntu ngamnye kuyinto eqhelekileyo, kwaye kuyahluka kulindeleke ukuba kube neenguqu ezinkulu kunye neqela leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesini.

Imibuzo engabalulekanga: ISSCS (Ukunyanzelisa ngokwesondo) ayikwazi ukuhlola umlutha we-intanethi. Yadalwa kwi-1995 kwaye yenzelwe ngesondo esingalawulekiyo ubudlelwane engqondweni (ngokunxulumene nophando lwe-AIDS). I I-SCS ithi:

"Isilinganisi esifanelekileyo [siboniswe?] Ukuqikelela ukulinganiswa kweendlela zokuziphatha ngokwesini, iinani leziqabane zesini, ukuziphatha kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zesondo, kunye neembali zezifo ezithathelwana ngesondo."

Ngapha koko, umphuhlisi weSCS ulumkisa ukuba esi sixhobo asizukubonisa isifo sengqondo kubantu basetyhini:

"Unxibelelwano phakathi kwamanqaku okunyanzelwa ngokwesini kunye namanye amanqaku e-psychopathology abonise iipatheni ezahlukeneyo zamadoda nabasetyhini; Ukunyanzelwa ngokwesondo kwakudityaniswa nesalathiso se-psychopathology emadodeni kodwa kungekhona kwabasetyhini."

Ngaphezu koko, ii-SCS ziquka imibuzo enxulumene nomlingani ukuba i-intanethi-i-addicts addicts ingenza amanqaku ahluke ngokuthelekiswayo nokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini, xa kubonelelwa ukuba abasebenzisi be-porn unqwenela ukwanda kwe-cyber erotica ngaphezu kwesondo.

Njenga-SCS, imibuzo yesibini yokuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo (CBSOBAkanayo imibuzo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-Intanethi. Yenzelwe ukukroba izifundo ze-"hypersexual", kunye nokuziphatha okungalawulekiyo kwezesondo- hayi ngokungqongqo ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwezinto ezibonisa isini kwi-intanethi.

Elinye iphepha lemibuzo elinikezelwe ngabaphandi yi-PCES (iPhonografi Consumption Effect Scale), nebizwa ngokuba yi "ubomi be-psychometric, ”Kwaye akukho sizathu sokukholelwa ukuba inokubonisa nantoni na malunga neziyobisi ze-Intanethi or ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini.

Ke ngoko, ukunqongophala konxibelelwano phakathi kokufundwa kwe-EEG kunye nala maphepha emibuzo akoneleli ngenkxaso kwizigqibo zesifundo okanye amabango ombhali.

Ayikho I-Pre-Screening: Izifundo zikaPrause khange zihlolwe kwangaphambili. Izifundo zobuchopho eziqinisekileyo zokunyanga zikrola abantu abaneemeko esele zikho (uxinzelelo, i-OCD, ezinye iziyobisi, njl.njl.). Le kuphela kwendlela abaphandi abanoxanduva abanokufikelela ngayo malunga nesiyobisi. Bona i Ucwaningo lweCambridge umzekelo wovavanyo olufanelekileyo kunye nendlela yokusebenza.

Izifundo zikaPrause zazingakhange zihlolwe ngaphambi kokuba zibekho. Inkqubo esemgangathweni yezifundo zokulutha iziyobisi kukuhlola izifundo zovavanyo lweziyobisi ukuze uthelekise abo bavavanya ukuba likhoboka labo bangalisebenzisi. Abaphandi abakhange bayenze le, nangona Uvavanyo lwezilwanyana ezinobungozi be-intanethi lukhoyo. Kunoko, abaphandi babephatha iSikimu sokunyanzelisa iSondo emva abathathi-nxaxheba sele bekhethwe. Njengoko kuchaziwe, i-SCS ayilungelelanisi ukuxhatshazwa koonobumba okanye kubasetyhini.

Ukusetyenziswa kweSibonelelo seGrikhi kwiZifundo ezahlukeneyo: Steele okqhubekayo. iyavuma ukuba ukhetho lwayo lwe-porn "engonelanga" lunokuba neziphumo eziguqulweyo. Nokuba phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, ukhetho lovavanyo lwe-porn lukhohlisile, njengoko abasebenzisi be-porn (ngakumbi iziyobisi) bahlala benyuka ngothotho lwezinto abazithandayo. Abaninzi babika ukufumana isenzo esincinci sezesondo kwiintlobo zoononophelo ezingafani nezo zoonwabo-du-jour-Kubandakanya iintlobo ezifumene ukuba zivusa ngaphambili kwimisebenzi yabo yokubukela iphonografi. Umzekelo, uninzi lwe-porn zanamhlanje zigqitywa ngeevidiyo ezinenkcazo ephezulu, kwaye ii-stills ezisetyenzisiweyo apha zinokungaphenduli impendulo efanayo.

Ke, ukusetyenziswa kwe-generic porn kunokuchaphazela iziphumo. Ukuba umntu othanda amanyala ulindele ukujonga iphonografi, umvuzo womsebenzi wesekethe ngokuqinisekileyo uyanda. Kodwa ukuba iphonografi iba yimifanekiso engathandekiyo eyahlukileyo engahambelani nohlobo lwayo lwangoku okanye isekhona endaweni yeevidiyo ezingaqhelekanga ezichaziweyo, umsebenzisi usenokungabi nampendulo, okanye no ku phikisa. "Yaye iyintoni ukuba? "

Oku kulingana nokuvavanya ukwenziwa kwakhona kweqela leziyobisi ngokukhonza wonke umntu ukutya okukodwa: iitapile ezibhakiweyo. Ukuba umthathi-nxaxheba akwenzeki ukuba athande iitapile ezibhakiweyo, akufuneki abe nangxaki ngokutya kakhulu, akunjalo?

Umlutha osebenzayo "wokufunda ngengqondo" kufuneka: 1) ube nezifundo kunye nokulawula, 2) uhlolisise ezinye iingxaki zengqondo kunye nezinye izilingo, kunye ne-3) sebenzisa imibuzo eqinisekisiweyo kunye nodliwano-ndlebe ukuze uqinisekise ukuba izifundo ziyizilonda zoononophala. Steele okqhubekayo. khange enze nanye kwezi, kodwa afikelele kwizigqibo ezininzi kwaye wazipapasha ngokubanzi.