Kuyinyani ukuba ukuba ne-Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) kunyusa amathuba omntu okuphucula umlutha. Ekuphikisaneni nomba wokuziphatha gwenxa, kubandakanya iziyobisi, i-skeptics zihlala zibanga ukuba umlutha we-porn 'kukunyanzelwa' hayi 'umlutha'. Olo buthi "lufana" ne-OCD. Xa ucinezelwa ngakumbi malunga nendlela 'ukunyanzelwa ukusebenzisa i-X' kwahluka ngayo (ngokwasemzimbeni) ukusuka 'kwikhobokiso ku-X', ukubuya okuqhelekileyo ngaba bantu bangenalwazi lukukuba “iziyobisi ngokuziphatha zi-OCD nje.” Ayonyani. Uphando lubonisa ukuba iziyobisi ziyahluka kwi-OCD ngeendlela ezininzi. Ngapha koko, i-DSM-5 ineendidi ezahlukeneyo ze-OCD kunye nokuziphatha okukhobokisayo, ke iingcali zayo ziyaqonda ukuba ezi meko zimbini zahlukile ngokwasemzimbeni. Inkcazo kuhlalutyo lwe-2016 uyifumanisa:
Ukukhathazeka okubambisene neembambano kuye kwacatshangelwa ukuba kuqikelele ukunyanzeliswa ngokwesini (40) ngenxa yokuba ezinye iifundo zifumene abantu abanokuziphatha okubi ngokobuxhakaxhakaba kwi-spectrum of compulsive disorder (OCD). I-OCD yokuziphatha ngokuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo engahambelani ne-DSM-5 (1) ukuqonda ukuxilongwa kwe-OCD, engabandakanyi ukuxilongwa kwezo ziphatho ezivela kuyo abantu. Nangona iingcamango ezigqithisileyo zohlobo lwe-OCD zisoloko ziba nomxholo wesondo, ukunyanzeliswa okuhambelanayo okwenziwe ekuphenduleni ukugqithiswa akukwenzelwa ukuzonwabisa. Abantu abane-OCD ingxelo yexhala kunye neentloni kunokuba babe nesifiso sesini okanye bavuke xa bejamelene neemeko ezibangela ukugqithiswa kunye nokunyanzeliswa, ekugqibeleni kwenziwa kuphela ukucima ukukhathazeka iingcamango ezivuthayo. (41)
Abaxhamli bezitho zinobugqwetha bavame ukuba i-CSBD ayikho into engeyiyo ingxaki yokunyanzelisa ingxaki (OCD), kodwa le ngongoma yokuthetha isondele kakhulu ayixhasi. Ukuhlaziya indima yobudlova kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwiingxaki zokuThatshazwa ngokwesondo, 2018).
Zimbalwa izifundo ezivavanye unxibelelwano phakathi kokunyanzelwa kunye ne-hypersexual. Phakathi kwamadoda ane-nonparaphilic hypersexual disorder, ubuninzi bexesha lokuphazamiseka okungafunekiyo-isifo sengqondo esichazwe ngokunyanzelwa-ukusuka kwi-0% ukuya kwi-14% (Kafka, 2015). Ukujonga-okunokuthi kunxulunyaniswe nokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo (iMinnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2); I-Butcher, iDahlstrom, uGraham, iTellegen, kunye neKaemmer, 1989) -kwamadoda afuna unyango abanesini esifanelekileyo afunyenwe ephakanyisiwe xa kuthelekiswa iqela lokuthelekisa, kodwa ubungakanani besiphumo somahluko babuthathaka (Reid & Carpenter, 2009). Xa umanyano phakathi kwenqanaba lokuziphatha okunyanzelekileyo-kuvavanywa sisincoko soDliwanondlebe oCwangcisiweyo weKlinikhi yeDSM-IV (SCID-II) (Okokuqala, iGibbon, Spitzer, Williams, kunye neBenjamin, 1997) -kwaye kwinqanaba lokuxhatshazwa ngokwesini wavavanywa phakathi kwamadoda afuna unyango ane-hypersexual disorder, imeko eya kumbutho oqinisekileyo, obuthathaka wafunyanwa (Umbazi, Reid, Garos, & Najavits, 2013). Ngenxa yesiphumo esikhankanywe ngasentla, ukunyanzeliswa kubonakala kubandakanyeka ngendlela encinci kwi-hypersexuality.
Iingcamango ezichaphazelekayo ezivela Ukuxhatshazwa koThutho lwe-intanethi: Yintoni esiyayaziyo kunye nento esiyiyiyo-Ukuhlolwa kweNkqubo (2019):
Ukususela kwingcamango yokulawulwa kwengxaki yokulawula ingxaki, ukuziphatha ngokuxhatshaxisayo kubanzi kuthiwa yi-Compulsive Sexual Behavior (CSB). Coleman [56] ngumxhasi weli qhinga. Nangona equka ukuziphatha kweparaphilic phantsi kweli gama [57], kwaye bahlala kunye kwezinye iimeko, uyahlula ngokucacileyo kwi-CSB engekho iparaphili, yinto esifuna ukugxila kulo mbononongo. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ukuziphatha okungaxelwanga ngokobuxhatshazo kudla ngokuqhelekileyo, xa kungenjalo, kuninzi i-paraphilias [43,58].Nangona kunjalo, iinkcazo zamva nje ze-CSB zidla ngokubhekiselele kwizinto ezininzi zokuziphatha zesondo ezingazinyanzeliswayo: eziqhelekileyo zibizwa ngokuba yi-masturbation, zilandelwa ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo koonografi, kunye nokuziphatha okubi, ukuhamba ngokunyanzelisa, kunye nobudlelwane obuninzi (22-76%) [9,59,60].Nangona kukho ukugqithisa ngokucacileyo phakathi kokuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo kunye neemeko ezinjenge-dispersive disorder disorder (OCD) kunye nezinye iingxaki zokulawula iimpembelelo [61], kukho ezinye iimeko ezahlukileyo ezichazweyo: umzekelo, iziphatho ze-OCD azibandakanyi umvuzo, ngokungafani nokuziphatha ngokwesini. Ngaphezu koko, ngoxa ukubandakanyeka ekunyanzelweni kunokubangela ukuphucula okwethutyana izigulana ze-OCD [62], ukuziphatha koxhatshazo ngokuqhelekileyo kuxhatshazwa yintyala kunye nokuzisola emva kokwenza isenzo [63]. Kwakhona, ukunyamekela okungasoloko kulawula ukuziphatha kwesigulane akuhambelani nokucwangcisa ngokucophelela okufunekayo ngezinye iinkcukacha kwi-CSB (umzekelo, ngokubhekelana nesinibano) [64]. UGoodman ucinga ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwezidakamizwa kubangelwa kwiintlupheko zeengxaki zokunyanzelisa (ezibandakanya ukunciphisa ukuxhalaba) kunye nokuphazamiseka okuphazamisayo (okubandakanya ukunyaniseka), kunye neempawu ezixhaswa yiindlela ze-neurobiological (i-serotoninergic, i-dopaminergic, i-noradrenergic, ne-opioid systems)65]. U-Stein uyavumelana nomzekelo odibanisa iindlela ezininzi ze-ethiopathogenical and proposes a model ABC (i-affective dysregulation, umlutha wokuziphatha, kunye nokuchithwa kwengqondo) ukufunda le nkampani [61].Ukususela kumbono wokuziphatha umlutha, ukuziphatha koxhatshazo kuxhomekeke ekubambiseni iinkalo eziphambili zobunzima. Le miba, ngokwe-DSM-5 [1], bhe kisela kumzekelo wokusetyenziswa kweengxaki ezikhankanywe kwiindlela zokuziphatha ngokuxhatshazwa koxhatshazo, kokubili ngaphandle kunye nakwi-intanethi [6,66,67]. Ubungqina bokunyamezela kunye nokuhoxiswa kwezi zi gulane mhlawumbi luba luphambili ekubonakaliseni le nkampani njengengxaki yomlutha [45]. Ukusetyenziswa kweengxaki ze-cybersex kudla ngokugqithiseleyo njengengxaki yokuziphatha [13,68].
Inkqubo yokuziphatha ngokwesondo ngokunyanisekileyo kwisifo esiyingozi: Ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokudibanisa (2019) -Uphononongo luxele ukuba amaxabiso e-CSBD asezantsi ngokwenene kwabo bane-OCD kunabantu ngokubanzi:
Kule sifundo, sasinomdla kwiindawo ezixhaphakileyo kunye neentlalo ezichaphazelekayo kunye nezikliniki ze-CSBD kwizigulane ezine-OCD. Okokuqala, safumanisa ukuba i-3.3% yezigulane ezine-OCD zine-CSBD yangokuI-5.6% yayine-CSBD yobomi, ngokuxhaphake kakhulu kwabesilisa kunabesifazane. Okwesibini, safumanisa ukuba ezinye iimeko, ingqungquthela, ukuphazamiseka, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, zazixhaphake kwizigulane ze-OCD ezine-CSBD kunabanye abangenayo i-CSBD, kodwa kungekhona ukuphazamiseka ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye ukuziphatha kakubi.
Ukulinganiselwa kwangaphambili kwezinga le-CSBD elibonelelwe ngeCarnes (1991) kunye neCleman (1992) licebise ukuba ukuya kwi-6% yabantu abasuka kuluntu jikelele bafumana ukuziphatha ngokunyanzela ngokwesondo. Nangona kungacacanga ukuba olu qikelelo lufunyenwe njani (Mnyama, 2000), uphando olwenziweyo lwezifo lwangqina ukuba isini esinyanzelekileyo, esinokubandakanya ukwanda kwe-masturbation, ukusetyenziswa kwephonografi, inani lamaqabane ezesondo, kunye nemicimbi engaphandle komtshato, kuyinto eqhelekileyo kubemi ngokubanzi (UDickenson et al., 2018). Iziphumo zethu kwizinga lokuxhaphaka kwe-CSBD kwi-OCD zibonakala ngathi zinokuthelekiseka kunabantu ngokubanzi (ILangstrom kunye neHanson, 2006; UOdlaug et al., 2013; Skegg, Nada-Raja, Dickson, & Paul, 2010).
Ekugqibeleni, idatha yethu ibonisa ukuba amazinga omlinganiselo we-CSBD kwi-OCD afaniswa nalawo kubemi jikelele nakwezinye iindawo zokuxilonga. Ukongeza koko, sifumene ukuba i-CSBD kwi-OCD yayinokuba yinto engathandekiyo nezinye izibandezelo ezingenangqondo, ezinyanzelisayo kunye neengxaki, kodwa kungekhona ngokunyanzeliswa kwezinto eziphathekayo okanye izinto ezinxulumene neziyobisi. Oku kufunyanwe kukuxhasa ukucingwa kwe-CSBD njengengxaki yokunyanzelisa. Ukuqhubela phambili, amanyathelo afanelekileyo kunye neempawu zengqondo zengqondo zifunekayo ukuvavanya ubukho nobunzima be-CSBD. Uphando lwexesha elizayo lufanele luqhubeke nokuhlanganiswa kweengxaki kunye nokuqokelela ulwazi olongezelelweyo, ukuze ekugqibeleni kuphuculwe ukunakekelwa kweeklinikhi.
Amanqanaba ohlobo oluthile lokuziphatha olukhoyo ekufuneni unyango kubantu abafuna unyango olunesifo esinganyanzelekanga: ingxelo yokuqala (2020) -Uphononongo luxele ukuba amazinga okuziphatha gwenxa (kubandakanya umlutha we-intanethi kunye ne-CSBD) ayafana nokwenzeka kuluntu ngokubanzi. Ke, umlutha awulingani ne-OCD okanye ukunyanzelwa:
Iindlela: amashumi amabini anesithathu amaziko ehlabathi agxile kunyango lwe-OCD bamenywa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kuhlolo lwamaxabiso ezinto zokuziphatha kunye nokunye ukubandakanyeka okuphakathi kweesampulu zabo.
Iziphumo: Iipesenti ezilishumi elinesithandathu kwezingama-23 (69.6%) zamaziko amenywe aphuma kumazwe ali-13 ayeneedatha eyaneleyo yokuthatha inxaxheba kuphando. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezichongiweyo zokuqonda isifo kwakungangqinelani, uninzi lwamaziko axhomekeke 'kuxilongo lokuxilonga' ukufumanisa isifo. Isampulu yokugqibela yenziwa ngabaguli abangama-6916 abanesifo sokuxilongwa kwe-OCD. Inani elixeliweyo lokuziphatha okubi oku kulandelayo: 8.7% yokusetyenziswa kwengxaki ye-intanethi, i-6.8% ngokunyanzela ukungaziphathi ngokwesondo, i-6.4% yokuthenga okunyanzelekileyo, i-4.1% yokuphazamiseka kungcakazo kunye ne-3.4% yokuphazamiseka kwemidlalo.
Sichaza imeko yendoda eneminyaka engama-28 ubudala eneempawu ezinobuthathaka zokuphazamiseka okunyanzelekileyo (i-OCD) eyathatha imo enkulu ngokufika komlutha wephonografi.
Kwinkoliso yezifundo ezibhalwe kumaphepha omntwana apha ngezantsi, abaphandi baqhathanisa izidakamizwa zezinto ezinobungozi bokugembula ngenxa yokuncakazela ukugembula kukuphela kokulutha komzimba okwamkelwa ngokutsha kwi-DSM-5 (2013) entsha.
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