U-Oddone-Paolucci, uElizabeth, uMark Genuis, noClaudio Violato.
In Ukutshintsha kwintsapho nophuhliso lwabantwana, iphe. 48-59. UTaylor noFrancis, 2017.
Abstract
Uhlalutyo lwe-meta-46 kwizifundo ezipapashiweyo zenzelwa ukumisela iziphumo zephonografi ekuziphatheni okubi ngokwesini, ubugqwetha obuphathelele kwezesondo, izimvo ngokubhekisele kubudlelwane obusondeleyo, kunye nesimo sengqondo ngokubhekisele kwintsomi yodlwengulo. Uninzi lwezifundo lwenziwa e-United States (39; 85%) kwaye zabekwa kumhla ukusuka kwi-1962 ukuya kwi-1995, kunye ne-35% (n = 16) epapashwe phakathi kwe1990 kunye ne-1995, kunye ne-33% (n = 15) phakathi kwe1978 kunye 1983. Ubungakanani besampulu yabantu be-12,323 babandakanya uhlalutyo lweemeta ezikhoyo. Ubungakanani besiphumo (d) babalwa kuhlobo ngalunye lwezinto ezixhomekekileyo kwizifundo ezazipapashwe kwijenali yezifundo, zinobungakanani besampulu ye-12 okanye nangaphezulu, kwaye zibandakanya umahluko okanye iqela lokuthelekisa. Umndilili ongenakutyeba kunye nobunzima be-d yokuphambuka ngokwesondo (.68 kunye .65), isenzo sokuziphatha ngokwesondo (.67 kunye .46), ubudlelwane obusondeleyo (.83 kunye .40), kunye neentsomi zokudlwengula (.74 kunye .64) zinika ubungqina obucacileyo. Ukuqinisekisa unxibelelwano phakathi komngcipheko okhulayo wophuhliso olubi xa ubonakalisiwe kwimifanekiso engamanyala. Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba uphando kule ndawo lunokuhamba ngaphaya kombuzo wokuba iphonografi inefuthe kubundlobongela nasekusebenzeni kosapho. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokumodareyitha ezinje ngesini, imeko yezentlalo noqoqosho (i-SES), inani leziganeko zokuvezwa, ubudlelwane bomntu owazisa iphonografi kulowo uthatha inxaxheba, inqanaba lokuchazwa, iphonografi, iphonografi, kunye nenkcazo yephonografi kuvavanywa nganye nganye Izifundo. Iziphumo zixoxwa ngokomgangatho wophando lwephonografi olukhoyo kunye nokusikelwa umda okulandelayo kuhlalutyo lweemeta ezikhoyo Umcimbi wokuvezwa kwephonografi ufumene ingqalelo enkulu kule minyaka idlulileyo. Uninzi lwabantu abadala kuluntu lwethu, abesilisa nabasetyhini, baxela ukuba babekhe baboniswa kwizixhobo zesondo ezicacileyo. Ngapha koko, uWilson noAbelson (1973) bafumanise ukuba i-84% yamadoda kunye ne-69% yabasetyhini baxela ukubonakaliswa kwemifanekiso engamanyala okanye engamanyala, uninzi lweqela lwaqala ukubhengezwa kwizinto ezicacileyo phambi kweminyaka yobudala. Iminyaka engama-21. Ukudityaniswa namathuba amaninzi okuba abantu bafumane izixhobo kusetyenziswa imithombo yeendaba eyahlukeneyo (umz., Iimagazini, umabonwakude, ividiyo, iwebhu ebanzi), kuya kusiba ngokubaluleka ngakumbi ukuphanda ukuba ukuboniswa kwamanyala kunempembelelo kwindlela yokuziphatha kwabantu. Ngelixa uluhlu lwee-sequelae zengqondo ezibonakaliswe ngabaphandi ukuba zixhaphakile kubantu ababonakaliswe kwimifanekiso engamanyala lukhulu kakhulu, impikiswano kunye nokuthandabuza kuxhaphakile. Nangona ingxoxo eqhubekayo yezemfundo inefuthe elifanelekileyo nakwimpilo yezopolitiko, kuyacaca ukuba umba wephonografi uhlala usondela kuwo ukusuka kwifilosofi nakwindlela yokuziphatha endaweni yesikhundla. Uphando lwangoku lwe-meta-analytic luzama ukujolisa kugqaliso lombuzo wempembelelo yamanyala kwiqonga elinamandla. Injongo kukufumanisa ukuba ukubonakaliswa kwezinto ezingamanyala ngaphezulu kwexesha lokuphila kunefuthe ekuziphatheni okubi ngokwesini, ekhubekiseni ngokwesondo, ubudlelwane obusondeleyo kunye nokuziphatha malunga nentsomi yokudlwengulwa. Iziphumo kulindeleke ukuba zibonelele ngolwazi olunokunceda iintsapho, ootitshala, iingcali zempilo yengqondo, kunye nabalawuli bomgaqo-nkqubo wezentlalo ekwenzeni izigqibo ezingqinelanayo nokukhuthaza impilo yabantu kunye nokukhula kwentlalo.
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